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101. The Paleogene continental basins from SE France: new geographic and climatic insights from an integrated approach

Author: Nazim Semmani, François Fournier, Jean-Pierre Suc, Séverine Fauquette, Nicolas Godeau, Abel Guihou, Speranța-Maria Popescu, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Christophe Thomazo, Lionel Marié, Pierre Deschamps, Jean Borgomano, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], GeoBioStratData.Consulting, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géologie des systèmes carbonatés (EA 4234), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and APIC 2018 RRH and Carbonate Chair (CEREGE)
Subjects: Rupelian, climatostratigraphy, Priabonian, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], U/Pb dating, Paleontology, pollens, marine intrusion, Oceanography, strontium and sulfur isotopes, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Earth-Surface Processes, Eocene-Oligocene Transition
Abstract: International audience; New insights into the geodynamic evolution, the paleogeographic framework and the paleoclimatic setting of the Upper Eocene-Oligocene lacustrine basins from SouthEast France have been provided by an integrative approach combining geochronology, micropaleontology and stable isotope analyses. U-Pb dating on calcite, pollen-based climatostratigraphy and strontium and sulfur isotope signatures of sulfates provided a robust chronostratigraphic framework for the Upper Eocene and Oligocene succession from the Vistrenque, Alès and Roussillon basins. The thick Priabonian-lower Rupelian lacustrine succession from the Vistrenque Basin is interpreted to be deposited in a strike-slip basin associated with the latest stages of pyrenean shortening. Floral assemblages are used to reconstruct the vegetation cover in the lacustrine systems and their neighbouring lowlands and highlands. Composition of saltwater inferred from strontium and sulfur isotope signatures of sulfates, the occurrence of calcareous nannofossils, dinoflagellate cysts and pollen grains of mangrove-related plants provided strong evidence for marine intrusions into the Alès Basin during the Priabonian and the Vistrenque Basin during the Rupelian and Chattian. Paleogeographic reconstructions of Southeast France during the Priabonian and late Rupelian strongly suggest marine incursions from the Alpine Sea via two potential pathways: upper Rhône Valley via the Crest Sill and lower Rhône Valley via the Haut-Var Pyrenean synclines. On the other hand, Upper Oligocene evaporite basins in the Camargue area have been subjected to marine intrusions from the Western Mediterranean Sea following the collapse of the eastern pyrenean relief during the Liguro-Provençal rifting stage. Finally, pollen analysis and Climate Amplitude Method revealed a brief but significant stage of cooling and aridification at the very base of the Rupelian which could represent the regional and terrestrial expression of the global climate cooling following the Eocene-Oligocene Transition.
Published: 2023
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102. The region of the Strandja Sill (North Turkey) and the Messinian events

Author: Mehmet Sakınç, Gilles Lericolais, Bertrand Meyer, Rolando Armijo, Jean-Pierre Suc, Georges Clauzon, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Hervé Gillet, Gwenaël Jouannic, Cengiz Zabcı, Rodica Macaleţ, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Ziyadin Cakir, Sevket Sen, Gülsen Uçarkuş, Çağil Karakaş, M. Namık Çağatay, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, GeoBioStratData.Consulting, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre de recherche sur la Paléobiodiversité et les Paléoenvironnements (CR2P), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Centre d’études et d’expertise sur les risques, l’environnement, la mobilité et l’aménagement (Cerema DTer Est), Laboratoire régional des Ponts et Chaussées, National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie], Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geological Engineering [Istanbul], Maden Fakültesi = Faculty of mines [Istanbul], Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ)-Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avrasya Yer Bilimleri Enstitüsü = Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences [Istanbul] (AYBE), Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie] (NIHWM), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Stratigraphy, Fluvial, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Structural basin, Messinian Salinity Crisis, Oceanography, Paleontology, Mediterranean sea, Sill, Fluvial network, 14. Life underwater, Onshore-offshore stratigraphy, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Key-words: Mediterranean–Paratethys connection, Geology, Geophysics, Onshore–offshore stratigraphy, 13. Climate action, Erosion, Subaerial, Facies, Economic Geology, Submarine pipeline, Mediterranean-Paratethys connection
Abstract: International audience; The two sides of the Strandja Sill show a highly discontinuous stratigraphic succession since the Late Oligocene. This area, together with the Sea of Marmara Basin, is usually proposed as the gateway for the Paratethyan freshwaters and organisms that constituted the Lago Mare facies in the Mediterranean Sea during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). Our investigations involving new field observations and datings, together with previous studies, suggest that the sill has possibly experienced such a connection at around 8 Ma, i.e. significantly before the crisis. The proposal of a sea-level drop of the Black Sea before 7 Ma is not supported by our data on dinoflagellate cysts. Consistency of calcareous nannofossil succession at DSDP Site 380 is reinforced, allowing to reassert that subaerial erosion impacted both the southwestern Black Sea and the central Marmara – Dardanelles area during the peak of the MSC. At that time, this region was crossed by two oppositely directed fluvial networks, further supporting the absence of a marine gateway through the Strandja Sill. It is concluded that none of the Lago Mare events recorded in the Mediterranean during the MSC were the consequence of the passage of Paratethyan waters and organisms through this area. In the Black Sea, the well-dated Messinian fluvial erosion can be followed offshore. The overlying prograding deltaic deposits attest to a fast marine reflooding after the crisis. This constitutes a comprehensive erosion-sedimentation model in an area intensively explored for hydrocarbons.
Published: 2015
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103. Late Miocene to present-day exhumation and uplift of the Internal Zone of the Rif chain: Insights from low temperature thermochronometry and basin analysis

Author: Frédéric Quillévéré, A. Ben Moussa, Michael Bonno, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Patrick Monié, Adrien Romagny, Hara Drinia, Ali Azdimousa, Philippe Münch, Nicolas Arnaud, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Michel Corsini, Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Dynamique de la Lithosphere, Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bassins, Laboratoire de Géosciences Appliquées [Oujda], Faculté des sciences [Oujda], Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda]-Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda], National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Faculty of Geology and Geoenvironment [Athens], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie [Tétouan], Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi (UAE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Basin analysis, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Rif, Pleistocene, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, LT thermochronology, Vertical motions, Late Miocene, Sedimentary basin, Messinian Salinity Crisis, Fission track dating, Thermochronology, Paleontology, Morocco, Geophysics, Mountain chain, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Sedimentary basin analysis, Extensional tectonics, Geology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; Located on the margin of the west Alboran basin, the Gibraltar Arc (Betic-Rif mountain belt) displays post-Pliocene vertical movements evidenced by uplifted marine sedimentary basins and marine terraces. Quantification of vertical movements is an important clue to understand the origin of present-day relief generation in the Betic-Rif mountain chain together with the causes of the Messinian Salinity Crisis. In this paper, we present the results of a pluridisciplinary study combining an analysis of low temperature thermochronology and Pliocene basins evolution to constrain the exhumation history and surface uplift of internals units of the Rif belt (Northern Morocco). The mean (U-Th)/He apatite ages obtained from 11 samples are comprised between 14.1 and 17.8 Ma and display a wide dispersion, which could be explained by a great variability of apatite chemistries in the analyzed samples. No correlations between altitude and age have been found along altitudinal profile suggesting a rapid exhumation during this period. Thermal modeling using our (U-Th)/He apatite ages and geochronological data previously obtained in the same area (40Ar/39Ar and K/Ar data on biotite, zircon and apatite fission track) allow us to propose a cooling history. The rocks suffered a rapid cooling at 60-100 °C/Ma between 22.5 and 19 Ma, then cooled to temperatures around 40 °C between 19 and 18 Ma. They were re-heated at around 110 °C between 18 and 15 Ma then rapidly cooled and exhumed to reach the surface temperature at around 13 Ma. The re-heating could be related to a renewal in thrusting and burying of the inner zones. Between 15 and 13 Ma the cooling resumed at a rate of 50 °C/Ma indicating an exhumation rate of 0.8 mm/y considering an average 40 °C/km geothermal gradient. This exhumation may be linked to the extension in the Alboran Sea. Otherwise biostratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of Pliocene basins of the internal Rif provided informations on the more recent events and vertical movements. Pliocene deposits of the Rifian coast represent the passive infilling of palaeo-rias between 5.33 and 3.8 Ma. The whole coastal area was uplifted at slow average rates (0.01-0.03 mm/y) in relation with a northeastward tilting of 0.2-0.3° since the Lower-Pliocene. A late Pliocene to present extensional tectonics associated to uplift has been identified all along the coastal ranges of the Internal Zone of the Rif chain. This extension was coeval with the major late Pliocene to Pleistocene extensional episode of the Alboran Sea and appears to be still active nowadays. No significant late Messinian uplift was evidenced, thus calling into question the geodynamic models relating the closure of the marine gateways and the MSC to slab roll back.
Published: 2014
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104. Pliocene to Pleistocene vertical movements in the forearc of the Lesser Antilles subduction: insights from chronostratigraphy of shallow-water carbonate platforms (Guadeloupe archipelago)

Author: Jean-Len Léticée, Jean-Frédéric Lebrun, L. De Min, P. Münch, Auran Randrianasolo, Fred Jourdan, Chrystèle Verati, J.-M. Lardeaux, François Demory, B. Smith, Frédéric Quillévéré, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Dynamique de la Lithosphere, Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bassins, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Manteau et Interfaces, Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: geography, Piacenzian, geography.geographical_feature_category, Pleistocene, Subduction, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Geology, Late Miocene, Paleontology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Archipelago, Carbonate, 14. Life underwater, Chronostratigraphy, Forearc, Lesser Antilles subduction
Abstract: An integrated stratigraphic study was conducted on the shallow water carbonate platforms of the Guadeloupe archipelago to refine the tectonic evolution of the Lesser Antilles forearc. The carbonate platforms are now dated to the Zanclean–Calabrian interval, and their demise occurred between 1.5 and 1.07 Ma. The precise chronostratigraphy allows dating of the main extensional tectonic events since the late Miocene. An initial episode occurred during the late Miocene, related to the reactivation of inherited N130°E-trending shear zones, and led to the emergence of most parts of the forearc. Subsequently, Zanclean to early Piacenzian carbonate platforms developed in association with a general subsidence of the forearc. During the late Piacenzan, a second extensional episode occurred. At this time La Desirade underwent major uplift and emergence whereas most of the forearc remained submerged. Prior to 1.07 Ma, a third north–south extensional episode occurred and led to the final demise of the carbonate platforms. Thus the forearc was characterized by general subsidence since the early Pliocene interrupted by three main extensional episodes and related differential uplifts. This suggests that the Lesser Antilles subduction is probably erosive north of latitude 15°N since c . 5 Ma, related to aseismic ridge subduction. Supplementary data: Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages, calcareous nannofossil taxa associations, 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronological data and palaeomagnetic data are available at www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18724.
Published: 2014
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105. Holocene lake‐level evolution of Lake Tiefer See, NE Germany, caused by climate and land cover changes

Author: Knut Kaiser, Theresa Blume, Peter Feldens, Christoph Kappler, Jens-Peter Schmidt, Martin Theuerkauf, Achim Brauer, Sebastian Lorenz, Frederike Kästner, Nadine Dräger, Manuela Schult, Theuerkauf, Martin, 1 26552 Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology University of Greifswald Soldmannstraße 15 D‐17489 Greifswald Germany, Blume, Theresa, 2 Section 4.4 – Hydrology GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenberg D‐14473 Potsdam Germany, Brauer, Achim, 3 Section 4.3 – Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenberg, Potsdam 14473 Germany, Dräger, Nadine, 4 Marine Geology Section IOW Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde Seestrasse 15 Rostock 18119 Germany, Feldens, Peter, Kaiser, Knut, 5 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenberg D‐14473 Potsdam Germany, Kappler, Christoph, Kästner, Frederike, Lorenz, Sebastian, 6 26552 Institute of Geography and Geology University of Greifswald Friedrich‐Ludwig‐Jahn‐Straße 17a D‐17489 Greifswald Germany, Schmidt, Jens‐Peter, 7 Landesamt für Kultur und Denkmalpflege Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern/Landesarchäologie Domhof 4/5 D‐19055 Schwerin Germany, and Schult, Manuela
Subjects: Archeology, ddc:551.6, Geology, Land cover, Physical geography, ddc:551.793, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene
Abstract: Lake‐level reconstructions are a key tool in hydro‐climate reconstructions, based on the assumption that lake‐level changes primarily reflect climatic changes. Although it is known that land cover changes can affect evapotranspiration and groundwater formation, this factor commonly receives little attention in the interpretation of past lake‐level changes. To address this issue in more detail, we explore the effects of land cover change on Holocene lake‐level fluctuations in Lake Tiefer See in the lowlands of northeastern Germany. We reconstruct lake‐level changes based on the analysis of 28 sediment records from different water depths and from the shore. We compare the results with land cover changes inferred from pollen data. We also apply hydrological modelling to quantify effects of land cover change on evapotranspiration and the lake level. Our reconstruction shows an overall lake‐level amplitude of about 10 m during the Holocene, with the highest fluctuations during the Early and Late Holocene. Only smaller fluctuations during the Middle Holocene can unambiguously be attributed to climatic fluctuations because the land cover was stable during that period. Fluctuations during the Early and Late Holocene are at least partly related to changes in natural and anthropogenic land cover. For several intervals the reconstructed lake‐level changes agree well with variations in modelled groundwater recharge inferred from land cover changes. In general, the observed amplitudes of lake‐level fluctuations are larger than expected from climatic changes alone and thus underline that land cover changes in lake catchments must be considered in climatic interpretations of past lake‐level fluctuations., Helmholtz Association http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001656, Leibniz‐Gemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001664
Published: 2021
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106. Millennial‐Scale Precipitation Variability in the Indo‐Pacific Region Over the Last 40 Kyr

Author: Zhaojie Yu, Xiaojie Tang, Christophe Colin, David J. Wilson, Xinquan Zhou, Lina Song, Fengming Chang, Shuai Zhang, Franck Bassinot, Shiming Wan, CAS Institute of Oceanology (IOCAS), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Hohai University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Hydroclimate, Indo-Pacific Warm Pool, Geophysics, Weathering, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, ENSO, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Clay mineralogy
Abstract: Deep atmospheric convection in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) represents a major source of heat and moisture, thereby affecting the global climate, but its past changes remain debated. Here, we present sub-millennial clay mineralogy and elemental records spanning the last 40 kyr from within the IPWP. From these data, we infer millennial-scale fluctuations in precipitation, with generally lower precipitation during Heinrich Stadials 1-4, corresponding to El Niño-like conditions. Higher precipitation coincided with the warm interstadials, accompanied by La Niña-like conditions. Moreover, our record indicates the lowest precipitation occurred during the late Holocene, supporting the hypothesis of a stronger-than-modern Walker circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum. In combination with other proxy records and TraCE-21 modelling results, we recognize a distinct spatial heterogeneity of precipitation within the IPWP, resulting from the dominant influences of the ENSO-like system and migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern and western IPWP, respectively. Key Points We present sub-millennial clay mineral and elemental records from the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool spanning the last 40 kyr Our records indicate higher precipitation during La Niña-like conditions and lower precipitation during El Niño-like conditions Different patterns and controls on precipitation variability between the eastern and western Indo-Pacific regions are revealed Plain Language Summary Tropical rainfall systems in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) play a significant role in transferring energy and moisture. However, their millennial-scale variabilities in precipitation during remains poorly understood. Here, we provide sub-millennial sediment mineralogy and elemental reconstructions spanning the last 40,000 years from a sediment core in the IPWP. We infer that variability in precipitation induced by atmospheric convection in the IPWP is the main factor controlling the variability in our data through time. Hence, we interpret our records to reflect sub-millennial fluctuations in precipitation, with lower precipitation during cool stadial periods and higher precipitation during warm interstadials. Such variability corresponds to the changing zonal state of the tropical Pacific atmosphere-ocean system, in a pattern similar to the modern-day. Additionally, our record indicates that precipitation was weaker during the late Holocene than during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), suggesting that the Pacific atmospheric zonal circulation was stronger during the LGM than today. Furthermore, a model-data comparison reveals distinct spatial heterogeneity in the precipitation changes, with precipitation in the eastern IPWP (West Pacific) likely controlled mostly by the tropical Pacific atmosphere-ocean system, whereas precipitation in the western IPWP (Indian Ocean) was driven by latitudinal movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Published: 2023
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107. Clumped Isotope Analysis of Calcite and Dolomite Mixtures Using Selective Acid Extraction

Author: Li, Sen, Schauer, Andrew, Licht, Alexis, Liang, Jie, Huntington, Kate, Peng, Kangning, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology (QIMG), University of Washington [Seattle], Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Acid fractionation, Mixed carbonate samples, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry, Selective acid extraction
Abstract: International audience; Acid extraction methods have been used in the last half century to selectively extract the CO2 produced from different carbonate minerals in mixed samples. However, these methods are often time-consuming and labor intensive. Their application to clumped isotope (Δ47) analysis has not beendemonstrated. We propose here an acid extraction method with phosphoric acid for bulk stable and clumped isotope analysis that treats mixtures of calcite and dolomite the same regardless of the proportionalcomposition. CO2 evolved from calcite is extracted by allowing a reaction with phosphoric acid to proceed for 10 min at 50 ℃. We then extract CO2 evolved from dolomite by rapid ramping the acid temperature from 50 to 90 ℃ and allowing the reaction to complete. The experimental results show that our method yields accurate calcite and dolomite Δ47 values from mixed samples under different proportional compositions. Our method also displays equal or higher accuracy for calcite δ13C and dolomite δ13C and δ18O values from mixtures when compared to previous studies. Our approach exhibits higher sample throughput than previous methods, is adequate for clumped isotopic analysis and simplifies the reaction progression from over 24 h to less than 2 h, while maintaining relatively high isotopic obtaining accuracy. It yet poorly resolves calcite δ18O values, as found with previous methods.
Published: 2023
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108. Dissolved rare earth element and neodymium isotope distributions in the South China Sea: Water mass source versus particle dissolution

Author: Wu, Qiong, Liu, Zhifei, Colin, Christophe, Douville, Eric, Zhao, Yulong, Wu, Jiawang, Dapoigny, Arnaud, Bordier, Louise, Ma, Pengfei, Huang, Yi, Hohai University, State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU), and Géochimie Des Impacts (GEDI)
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], rare earth elements, neodymium isotopes, South China Sea, Ocean Engineering, particle dissolution, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, rare earth elements neodymium isotopes South China Sea West Pacific particle dissolution, West Pacific, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Dissolved rare earth elements (REEs) and neodymium isotopes (ϵNd) have been jointly used to evaluate water mass mixing and lithogenic inputs in the ocean. As the largest marginal sea of the West Pacific, the South China Sea (SCS) is an ideal region for reconstructing past hydrological changes. However, its REE and ϵNd distributions and underlying controlling mechanisms remain poorly understood. On the basis of four seawater profiles spread across the SCS, this study presents dissolved REE concentrations and ϵNd data under summer condition to better understand the processes that potentially influence changes in these parameters and their marine cycling. The results show high concentrations of REEs and large variations in ϵNd (−6.7 to −2.8) in surface water, likely caused by the dissolution of riverine and marine particles. Comparison with published data from samples taken during the winter of different years in this and previous studies suggests a possible seasonal variability of middle REE enrichment. The SCS deep water shows a narrow ϵNd range from −4.3 to −3.4, confirming the dominant presence of the North Pacific Deep Water in the deep SCS. The intermediate water in the central SCS is characterized by a more negative ϵNd signal (–4.2 to –3.4) than that found in its counterpart in the West Pacific (–3.5 to –2.8), indicating alterations by deep water through three-dimensional overturning circulation from the northern to southern SCS below ~500 m. The contributions of external sources could be quantitatively estimated for the SCS in terms of Nd. The dissolution of particles from the SCS surrounding rivers (0.26–1.3 tons/yr in summer; 5.6–29 tons/yr in winter) and continental margins (2–12 tons/yr in summer; 23–44 tons/yr in winter) may play an important role in providing additional Nd to the SCS surface water.
Published: 2022
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109. The Early Pliocene reflooding in the Western Mediterranean: New insights from the rias of the Internal Rif, Morocco

Author: Frédéric Quillévéré, Abdelkhalak Ben Moussa, Abdelouahed Ouazani Touhami, Gilles Merzeraud, Najat Feddi, Michel Corsini, Philippe Münch, Hara Drinia, Séverine Fauquette, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Ali Azdimousa, Pierre Moissette, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bassins, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique de la Lithosphere, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi (UAE), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Athens, Faculty of Geology and Geoenviromment, Université Mohammed Premier [Oujda], Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Global and Planetary Change, Outcrop, Biostratigraphy, Ecological succession, Rias, Mediterranean, Bathyal zone, Deposition (geology), Reflooding, Depositional geometries, Alboran Sea, Paleontology, Morocco, Oceanography, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Zanclean, 14. Life underwater, Transgressive, Geology, Internal zone
Abstract: New field and micropalaeontological investigations have been conducted in four of the Pliocene rias of the internal zone of the Rif in Morocco, on the southern margin of the Alboran Sea. We found that marine sediments outcropping in these rias were deposited mainly during the Early Zanclean, between 5.04 and 3.8 Ma. After a transgressive episode that led to the deposition of terrestrial to marine conglomerates, dark clays deposited first at shallow palaeo-depths and then at bathyal palaeo-depths. The rias were then infilled with a shallowing upward succession comprising marine clays and sandstone and, locally, terrestrial sediments that indicate their final emersion. No Gilbert-deltas were observed in these rias. The presence of transgressive deposits at the bottom of the rias, also identified in other basins of the external zone of the Rif, and the absence of Gilbert deltas question a catastrophic reflooding after the Messinian Salinity Crisis in this area.
Published: 2014
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110. Lago Mare and the Messinian Salinity Crisis: Evidence from the Alboran Sea (S. Spain)

Author: Jean-Luc Auxietre, Jeffrey Poort, Gwenaël Jouannic, Laurent Jolivet, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Nadia Barhoun, Jean-Pierre Suc, Damien Do Couto, Christian Gorini, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TOTAL S.A., TOTAL FINA ELF, GeoBioStratData, National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Faculté des Sciences Ben M'sik [Casablanca], Université Hassan II [Casablanca] (UH2MC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Centre d’études et d’expertise sur les risques, l’environnement, la mobilité et l’aménagement (Cerema DTer Est), Laboratoire régional des Ponts et Chaussées, CIFRE PhD grant N° 584/2010 (TOTAL/UPMC) and by the CNRS/INSU 'Actions Marges' Program, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Delta, Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Stratigraphy, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Calcareous nannoplankton, Lago Mare, Context (language use), Messinian Salinity Crisis, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Paleontology, 14. Life underwater, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, biology, Dinoflagellate cysts, Dinoflagellate, Geology, biology.organism_classification, Alboran Sea, Tectonics, Geophysics, 13. Climate action, Post-crisis reflooding, Economic Geology, Sedimentary rock
Abstract: International audience; This paper provides a new environmental, sedimentological and stratigraphic context of the Lago Mare deposits from the North Alboran region and clarifies their chronologic location with respect to the Messinian Salinity Crisis. We present new micropaleontological data (dinoflagellate cysts, calcareous nannoplankton, planktonic foraminifers), correlated with field observations and offshore seismic interpretations. We show that the Lago Mare event known in three onshore localities (Río Mendelín near Malaga, Zorreras near Sorbas, Gafares near Níjar) follows the marine reflooding of the Mediterranean Basin which ended the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Chronologically, these Lago Mare deposits last from the latest Messinian to the early Zanclean. In fact, the first influx of Paratethyan- organisms is revealed by the dinoflagellate cyst record from near Malaga within a Gilbert-type fan delta overlying the Messinian Erosional Surface. Invading molluscs and/or ostracods may have persisted in lagoonal coastal areas more or less affected by discontinuous marine influxes (Sorbas and Níjar). The Malaga area is convenient for a paleogeographic and sedimentary reconstruction which shows the prevalent forcing of sea level changes during the time-interval 5.600-5.332 Ma at the difference of the usually solicited prevalent tectonics. The studied Lago Mare event is the third episode resulting in such a paleobiological assemblage in the Mediterranean region and corresponds to the final two-way water exchange at high sea level between the Mediterranean and the former Paratethys. It documents the onset of the modern marine circulation in the Mediterranean after the reflooding ending the Messinian Salinity Crisis.
Published: 2014
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111. Physical modelling of water, fauna and flora: knowledge gaps, avenues for future research and infrastructural needs

Author: Robert E. Thomas, Jasper Dijkstra, Pierre-Yves Henry, Paul S. Kemp, Frédéric Moulin, Sara Puijalon, Tjeerd J. Bouma, Daniel R. Parsons, Davide Tagliapietra, Matthew F. Johnson, Maike Paul, Michal Tal, W. Ellis Penning, Stephen P. Rice, Sylvie Gobert, Michalis Vousdoukas, Alexandra Neyts, Stuart J. McLelland, Adrian Stanica, Alf Tørum, L. E. Frostick, Olivier Eiff, Dag Myrhaug, Department of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences [Hull], University of Hull [United Kingdom], Department of Geography [Loughborough], Loughborough University, Koninklijk, Nederlands Instituut Voor Onderzoek der Zee, Deltares, DELTARES, Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire d'Océanologie - Centre MARE, Université de Liège, Department of Marine Technology [Trondheim] (IMT NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Leibniz Universität Hannover=Leibniz University Hannover, Équipe 2 - Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides (EVZH), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Department of Marine Technology [Trondheim], Leibniz Universität Hannover [Hannover] (LUH), Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix-Marseille Université - AMU (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU (NORWAY), Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research - NWO (NETHERLANDS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Claude Bernard-Lyon I - UCBL (FRANCE), Université de Liège (BELGIUM), Deltares system (NETHERLANDS), European Commission, Joint Reasearch Centre - JRC (ITALY), National Institute of Marine Geology and geoecology - GeoEcomar (ROMANIA), Istituto di Science Marine - ISMAR (ITALY), Leibniz Universität Hannover (GERMANY), Loughborough University (UNITED KINGDOM), University of Southampton (UNITED KINGDOM), University of Hull (UNITED KINGDOM), Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse - IMFT (Toulouse, France), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés - LEHNA (Villeurbanne, France), Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement - CEREGE (Aix en Provence, France), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental change, Exploit, Fauna, Mécanique des fluides, Biogeomorphology, eco-hydraulics, macrozoobenthos, Ingénierie de l'environnement, Ecosystem services, Aquatic organisms, Experimental facilities, Flow–biota interactions, Adaptation (computer science), vegetated flows, Environmental planning, flow-biota interactions, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Hydrology, experimental facilities, business.industry, experimentalfacilities, Vegetated flows, 15. Life on land, biogeomorphology, Physical modelling, 13. Climate action, Macrozoobenthos, Scale (social sciences), Biofilms, Eco-hydraulics, flow-biotainteractions, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business
Abstract: Physical modelling is a key tool for generating understanding of the complex interactions between aquatic organisms and hydraulics, which is important for management of aquatic environments under environmental change and our ability to exploit ecosystem services. Many aspects of this field remain poorly understood and the use of physical models within eco-hydraulics requires advancement in methodological application and substantive understanding. This paper presents a review of the emergent themes from a workshop tasked with identifying the future infrastructure requirements of the next generation of eco-hydraulics researchers. The identified themes are: abiotic factors, adaptation, complexity and feedback, variation, and scale and scaling. The paper examines these themes and identifies how progress on each of them is key to existing and future efforts to progress our knowledge of eco-hydraulic interactions. Examples are drawn from studies on biofilms, plants, and sessile and mobile fauna in shallow water fluvial and marine environments. Examples of research gaps and directions for educational, infrastructural and technological advance are also presented., JRC.H.7-Climate Risk Management
Published: 2014
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112. High-resolution vegetation history of West Africa during the last 145 ka

Author: François Baudin, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Bernard Pittet, Tania Marsset, Mathieu Dalibard, Laurence Droz, Jean Maley, MC Melinte-Dobrinescu, Jean-Pierre Suc, Bernard Dennielou, GeoBioStratData, Consulting, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Géosciences Marines (GM)
Subjects: geography, Central Africa, Marsh, geography.geographical_feature_category, Climate, Paleontology, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Ecological succession, Rainforest, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Monsoon, Vegetation dynamics, Late Pleistocene, Space and Planetary Science, Climatology, Interglacial, Environmental parameters, Pollen, Stadial, Physical geography, Glacial period, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The essential characteristics of the vegetation dynamics of tropical Africa remain only partially known. This study assesses the succession of vegetation-types over Central Africa during the last two glacial/interglacial cycles. Analysis of core KZai 02, which contains pollen from the Zaire River watershed (latitudes 9°N–13°S), allows the investigation of long-term patterns of plant ecosystem development and their climatic causes. Core KZai 02 (18.20 m long) was recovered from 6°24.20′S/9°54.10′E in the uppermost axial edifice of the Zaire deep sea fan. The chronology of this sedimentary archive was established using nannofossils and correlations of pollen and total organic carbon signals with the nearby core GeoB1008. The pollen record indicates that: (i) glacials (MIS 6, 4, 2) are marked by the development of afromontane ( Podocarpus ) forest at high altitudes when central basin lowlands were occupied by Cyperaceae marshes and savannah; (ii) during interglacials (MIS 1, 5) lowland forests were developed, marked by the successive expansion of pioneer, warm-temperate, rain forests, and mangrove indicating sea-level rise; (iii) glacial-interglacial transitions (MIS 6/5, 2/1) display similar vegetation dynamics. The strong evidence of afromontane forest and the opening of the vegetation during glacials suggest a reduced latitudinal distribution of rainfall by the strengthening of the trade wind system. West African monsoon systems were enhanced during interglacials, allowing the progressive development of lowland forests. The development of rain and pioneer forests during glacial Heinrich stadials suggests an enhancement of water availability in tropical Africa associated with these high-latitude events. However, no augmentation of wind activity described by previous studies is evidenced by our pollen record. Similar vegetation successions during glacial/interglacial transitions suggest the diachronous and stepped intervention of CO 2 (emphasizing the influence of temperature on plant ecosystems) and water availability.
Published: 2014
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113. Contrasted sediment processes and morphological adjustments in three successive cutoff meanders of the Danube Delta

Author: Mireille Provansal, Jérôme Le Coz, Laura Tiron Duţu, Florin Duţu, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Hydrologie-Hydraulique (UR HHLY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: CUTOFF MEANDER, RIVER TRAINING, HYDROSEDIMENTARY PROCESSES, DANUBE DELTA, SEDIMENT, Deposition (geology), Acoustic Doppler current profiler, MORPHOLOGIE FLUVIALE, Streamflow, RIVER MORPHODYNAMICS, Geomorphology, ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER, Earth-Surface Processes, Hydrology, geography, MEANDRE, River delta, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, Channelized, ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER (ADCP), 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Meander, HYDRODYNAMIQUE, DANUBE COURS D'EAU, Geology, Meander cutoff
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]ARCEAU; Since the 1980s intensive anthropogenic disturbances have affected the channel of the St. George branch, the southern distributary of the Danube River. The meander cutoff programme since 1984–1988 induced different hydrosedimentary impacts on the local distribution of river flow velocities, discharge, and sediment fluxes between the former meanders and the man-made canals (Ichim and Radoane, 1986; Popa, 1997; Panin, 2003). This paper selects three large cutoff meander reaches of the St. George branch (the Mahmudia, Dunavăţ de Sus, and Dunavăţ de Josmeanders noted here asM1,M2, andM3, respectively) as an example to analyse the human impact in the Danube River delta. The diversion of the flow induces strong modifications by acceleration of the fluxes through the artificial canals combined with dramatically enhanced deposition in the former meander where it was observed in two cases (M1 and M3) with slight modifications in M2. An exceptional flood that occurred in April 2006 offered a good opportunity for scanning different cross sections of the meander systems. Bathymetry, flow velocity, suspended-load concentration, and liquid and solid discharge data were acquired throughout several cross sections of both natural channels and artificial canals of the three cutoffs, using acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) technology, in order to investigate the distribution of the flowand sediment and its impact on the hydrosedimentary processes in each channelized reach and adjacent former meander. Therefore, the results obtained during the 2006 flood were referred to a long-term evolution (1970–2006), analysed by GIS techniques.
Published: 2014
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114. Trace element contamination in the arms of the Danube Delta (Romania/Ukraine): Current state of knowledge and future needs

Author: Gheorghe Oaie, Janusz Dominik, Adrian Stanica, Davide A.L. Vignati, Régis Céréghino, Dan Secrieru, Nikolai A. Berlinsky, Stefan Szobotka, Yuliya I. Bogatova, Université de Genève (UNIGE), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania), Research Center (RC) Noosphera (Ukraine), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - CNR (ITALY), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Genève (SWITZERLAND), National Institute of Marine Geology and geoecology - GeoEcomar (ROMANIA), Istituto di Science Marine - ISMAR (ITALY), Research Center (RC) Noosphera (UKRAINE), Université de Lorraine (FRANCE), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux - LIEC (Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France), Laboratoire Ecologie fonctionnelle et Environnement - EcoLab (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Delta, Geologic Sediments, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Drainage basin, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Sediments, Contamination, Sediments Contamination, Environmental protection, Danube delta, ddc:550, Waste Management and Disposal, Baseline metals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Self-Organizing Maps, Hydrology, Total organic carbon, Ecologie, Environnement, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, geography, Trace elements, geography.geographical_feature_category, Trace element, Sediment, General Medicine, 6. Clean water, Current (stream), Environmental science, Danube Delta, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: Ecolab, Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 UPS-CNRS-INPT, Universite de Toulouse, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 4, France This paper provides the first critical synopsis of contamination by selected trace elements in the whole Danube Delta (Romania/Ukraine) to: identify general patterns of contamination by trace elements across the Delta, provide recommendations to re fine existing monitoring networks and discuss the potential toxicity of trace elements in the whole Delta. Sediment samples were collected between 2004 and 2007 in the three main branches of the Delta (Chilia, Sulina and Sfantu Gheorghe) and in the secondary delta of the Chilia branch. Samples were analyzed for trace elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) and TiO 2, Fe 2O3, MnO, CaCO 3 and total organic carbon. Cluster analysis (CA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that levels of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were in fluenced by anthropogenic activities. At the opposite, concentrations of Cr and Ni largely originated from the weathering of rocks located in the Romanian part of the Danube catchment and naturally rich in these elements. Data analysis using Self- Organizing Maps con firmed the conclusions of CA/PCA and further detected that the contamination tended to be higher in the Chilia and Sulina arms than in the Sfantu Gheorghe arm. The potential ecological risks due to trace element contamination in the Danube Delta could be identi fied as moderate and localized, provided that the presence of the natural sources of Cr and Ni was properly considered. The available results suggest that monitoring sediment quality at the mouths of Sulina and Sfantu Gheorghe arms is probably enough to get a picture of the sediment quality along their entire lengths. However, a larger network of monitoring points is necessary in the Chilia and secondary Chilia delta to account for the presence of local point sources and for the more complex hydrodynamic of this part of the Danube Delta.
Published: 2013
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115. Sedimentology, palaeoenvironments and biostratigraphy of the Pliocene-Pleistocene carbonate platform of Grande-Terre (Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles forearc)

Author: Cornee, Jean-Jacques, Leticee, Jean-Len, Munch, Philippe, Quillevere, Frederic, Lebrun, Jean-Frédéric, Moissette, Pierre, Braga, Juan-Carlos, Melinte-Dobrinescu, Mihaela, DE MIN, Lyvane, Oudet, Julien, Randrianasolo, Auran, Bassins, Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique de la Lithosphere, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Universidad de Granada (UGR), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR)
Subjects: Caribbean, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, tropical carbonates, tectonics, Early Quaternary, sea-level changes, Late Neogene
Abstract: International audience; Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits from Grande-Terre (Guadeloupe archipelago, French Lesser Antilles) provide a remarkable example of an isolated carbonate system built in an active margin setting, with sedimentation both controlled by rapid sea-level changes and tectonic movements. Based on new field, sedimentological and palaeontological analyses, these deposits have been organized into four sedimentary sequences (S1 to S4) separated by three subaerial erosion surfaces (SB0, SB1 and SB2). Sequences S1 and S2 ('Calcaires inférieurs à rhodolithes') deposited during the late Zanclean to early Gelasian (planktonic foraminiferal Zones PL2 to PL5) in low subsidence conditions, on a distally steepened ramp dipping eastward. Red algal-rich deposits, which dominate the western part of Grande-Terre, change to planktonic foraminifer-rich deposits eastward. Vertical movements of tens of metres were responsible for the formation of SB0 and SB1. Sequence S3 ('Formation volcano-sédimentaire', 'Calcaires supérieurs à rhodolithes' and 'Calcaires à Agaricia') was deposited during the late Piacenzian to early Calabrian (Zones PL5 to PT1a) on a distally steepened, red algal-dominated ramp that changes upward into a homoclinal, coral-dominated ramp. Deposition of Sequence S3 occurred during a eustatic cycle in quiet tectonic conditions. Its uppermost boundary, the major erosion surface SB2, is related to the Cala1 eustatic sea-level fall. Finally, Sequence S4 ('Calcaires à Acropora') probably formed during the Calabrian, developing as a coral-dominated platform during a eustatic cycle in quiet tectonic conditions. The final emergence of the island could then have occurred in late Calabrian times.
Published: 2012
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116. COLD-WATER Coral carbonate mounds as palaeo-archives : the Plio-Pleistocene sediment record from the Challenger Mound (NE Atlantic)

Author: Thierens, M., Pirlet, H., Dorschel, B., Huvenne, V.A.I., Titschack, J., Stuut, J.B., Colin, Christophe, Browning, E., Tyrrell, S., Lee, J., Loutre, M.F., Vanhaecke, F., Henriet, J.P., Wheeler, A.J., School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Cork] (BEES), University College Cork (UCC), Renard Centre of Marine Geology, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Flanders Marine Institute, VLIZ, Southampton Geology & Geophysics, National Oceanography Centre (NOC), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Senckenberg am Meer, Abteilung für Meeresforschung, Marine Geology, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astronomie et de Géophysique Georges Lemaître (UCL-ASTR), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Dpt of Analytical Chemistry, and Gent University
Subjects: [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

117. High-resolution sea surface reconstructions off Cape Hatteras over the last 10 ka

Author: Cleroux, C., Debret, M., Cortijo, E., Duplessy, J.C., Dewilde, F., Reijmer, J.J.G., Massei, N., Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology, Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology FALW, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Dynamic Earth and Resources, and Amsterdam Global Change Institute
Subjects: [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], SDG 14 - Life Below Water
Abstract: This study presents high-resolution foraminiferal-based sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity and upper water column stratification reconstructions off Cape Hatteras, a region sensitive to atmospheric and thermohaline circulation changes associated with the Gulf Stream. We focus on the last 10,000 years (10 ka) to study the surface hydrology changes under our current climate conditions and discuss the centennial to millennial time scale variability. We observed opposite evolutions between the conditions off Cape Hatteras and those south of Iceland, known today for the North Atlantic Oscillation pattern. We interpret the temperature and salinity changes in both regions as co-variation of activities of the subtropical and subpolar gyres. Around 8.3ka and 5.2-3.5 ka, positive salinity anomalies are reconstructed off Cape Hatteras. We demonstrate, for the 5.2-3.5 ka period, that the salinity increase was caused by the cessation of the low salinity surface flow coming from the north. A northward displacement of the Gulf Stream, blocking the southbound low-salinity flow, concomitant to a reduced Meridional Overturning Circulation is the most likely scenario. Finally, wavelet transform analysis revealed a 1000-year period pacing the δ18O signal over the early Holocene. This 1000-year frequency band is significantly coherent with the 1000-year frequency band of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) between 9.5 ka and 7 ka and both signals are in phase over the rest of the studied period. Copyright 2012 by the American Geophysical Union.
Published: 2012
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118. A two-step process for the reflooding of the Mediterranean after the Messinian Salinity Crisis

Author: Ferran Estrada, Daniel Aslanian, Rolando Armijo, Jean-Loup Rubino, Gülsen Uçarkuş, Dragana Tomić, M. Namık Çağatay, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Nikola Dumurdžanov, Ziyadin Cakir, Jean-Pierre Brun, Georges Clauzon, Ivan Zagorchev, Estelle Leroux, Jean-Pierre Suc, Laurent Jolivet, Jean-Louis Olivet, François Bache, Vesna Lesić, Bertrand Meyer, Gwenaël Jouannic, Laurent Londeix, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Marina Rabineau, Antonio Tadeu dos Reis, Ludovic Mocochain, Dimitrios Sokoutis, Istvan Csato, Christian Gorini, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GNS Science [Lower Hutt], GNS Science, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Marines (GM), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Instituto de Ciencias del Mar de Barcelona (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Oceanografia Geologica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UERJ), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje (UKIM), Geological Institute of BAS, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS), Geolomagnetic Institute, ITU (GEOLOGY AND MINING DEPARTMENT), Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), ISES, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Department of Geology, Collin Collège, Maden Fakültesi = Faculty of mines [Istanbul], Sytèmes Tectoniques, Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS-INSU AMEDITER CNRS-INSU TerMex, ANR-06-BLAN-0156,EGEO,Rhéologie et déformation de la lithosphère égéenne(2006), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de recherche Géosciences Marines (Ifremer) (GM), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Sts Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of mining and geology, University of Belgrade [Belgrade]-University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGE), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Geological Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Systèmes Tectoniques, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre Armoricain de Recherches en Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Mines and eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, and Tectonics
Subjects: decic basin, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Evaporite, Aardwetenschappen, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, northern apennines, Diachronous, Structural basin, sea level, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, di tetto formations, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Paleontology, miocene pliocene boundary, Stratotype, Mediterranean sea, paleo environmental changes, earliest zanclean age, 14. Life underwater, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, reflooding, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, desiccated deep basin, southern France, Geology, 6. Clean water, subsidence studies, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Subaerial, section marche province, depositional environments
Abstract: Bache, François ... et. al.-- 29 pages, 22 figures, 1 table, additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2117.2011.00521.x/suppinfo, The Messinian Salinity Crisis is well known to have resulted from a significant drop of the Mediterranean sea level. Considering both onshore and offshore observations, the subsequent reflooding is generally thought to have been very sudden. We present here offshore seismic evidence from the Gulf of Lions and re-visited onshore data from Italy and Turkey that lead to a new concept of a two-step reflooding of the Mediterranean Basin after the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The refilling was first moderate and relatively slow accompanied by transgressive ravinement, and later on very rapid, preserving the subaerial Messinian Erosional Surface. The amplitude of these two successive rises of sea level has been estimated at ≤500 m for the first rise and 600-900 m for the second rise. Evaporites from the central Mediterranean basins appear to have been deposited principally at the beginning of the first step of reflooding. After the second step, which preceeded the Zanclean Global Stratotype Section and Point, successive connections with the Paratethyan Dacic Basin, then the Adriatic foredeep, and finally the Euxinian Basin occurred, as a consequence of the continued global rise in sea level. A complex morphology with sills and sub-basins led to diachronous events such as the so-called 'Lago Mare'.This study helps to distinguish events that were synchronous over the entire Mediterranean realm, such as the two-step reflooding, from those that were more local and diachronous. In addition, the shoreline that marks the transition between these two steps of reflooding in the Provence Basin provides a remarkable palaeogeographical marker for subsidence studies. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists, This work is a contribution to ANR ‘EGEO’ Project, to CNRS/INSU ‘Actions Marges’ Project (AMEDITER), and to ‘Bassins ne´oge`nes et manteau en Méditerranée’ (TerMEx CNRS/INSU)
Published: 2012
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119. Drowning of a carbonate platform as a precursor stage of the Early Toarcian global anoxic event (Southern Provence sub-Basin, South-east France)

Author: Léonide , Philippe, Floquet , Marc, Durlet , Christophe, Baudin , François, Pittet , Bernard, Lécuyer , Christophe, Géologie des Systèmes Carbonatés (FRE 2761 ), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Study supported by the CNRS ECLIPSE II project 'Sedimentary crises of carbonate systems and biotic crises: the role of palaeoclimates'., Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géologie des Systèmes Carbonatés ( FRE 2761 ), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Sedimentology and Marine Geology, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris ( iSTeP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] ( LGL-TPE ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Southern Provence carbonate platform, carbonate cements, drowning, Carbon isotope, South-east France, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, [ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, [ SDU.STU.PE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography
Abstract: Carbonate platforms: archives of past global change Special Issue; 29 pages; International audience; The Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event is well-known as coinciding with a carbonate crisis, coupled with organic matter accumulation and perturbation of the carbon cycle expressed by carbon-isotope excursions. In this palaeoenvironmental setting, the present research attempts to better constrain the palaeoenvironmental conditions leading to the drowning of a carbonate platform during Late Pliensbachian to Early Toarcian times. This study is based on the integrated sedimentological, diagenetic and geochemical (stable isotopes and Rock-Eval pyrolysis) analysis of several stratigraphic successions located in the Southern Provence sub-Basin (South-east France). Eodiagenetic ferroan calcite cements below two hardground surfaces at the Pliensbachian-Toarcian transition record episodic eutrophication events. Such events were precursor stages of a global palaeoenvironmental perturbation (i.e. a global carbon cycle perturbation) that led to the demise of the carbonate platform and occurred prior to the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. Subsequently, the acme of the palaeoenvironmental deterioration that coincided with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event is recorded by a pronounced negative carbon-isotope excursion -3‰) followed by a positive one (2.87‰), organic matter preservation and inferred high temperature of surface sea water (ca 25°C) as given by oxygen-isotope values from chondrichthyan tooth enamel. Sedimentological comparisons, as well as chemostratigraphic and biostratigraphical correlations between the Early Toarcian sedimentary series of the Southern Provence and Eastern Dauphinois sub-basins, indicate that tectonic tilting occurred earlier in the Southern Provence sub-Basin; this resulted in the preservation of organic-rich deposits in the first sub-basin and depositional hiatus in the second sub-basin. Thus, local conditions, such as contrasting structural setting, could markedly modify the sedimentary signature of a global climatic event.
Published: 2012
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120. The Messinian Salinity Crisis in the Dacic Basin (SW Romania) and early Zanclean Mediterranean-Eastern Paratethys high sea-level connection

Author: Frédéric Quillévéré, Jean-Pierre Suc, Rodica Macaleţ, Georges Clauzon, Istvan Csato, Jean-Loup Rubino, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Damien Do Couto, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie] (NIHWM), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Department of Geology, Collin Collège, Total, CST JF–TG/ISS, Total, CST JF–TG/ISS - Pau, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TerMEx CNRS-INSU, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Tours-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Delta, 010506 paleontology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Fluvial, Gilbert-type fan delta, Late Miocene, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Pontian paleogeography, Fluvial network, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Alluvial fan, Mediterranean sea-level changes, Erosion, Eastern Paratethys, Geology
Abstract: International audience; New field observations and fossil analyses complete and clarify the strong impact of the Mediterranean sea-level changes linked to the peak of the Messinian Salinity Crisis on the Dacic Basin in southwestern Romania. In addition to the Gilbert-type fan delta already evidenced along the Danube River in the area of Turnu Severin, a new Gilbert-type fan delta is described northward. Early Zanclean bottomset beds are evidenced and dated based on nannofossils at the junction of the two coalescing Gilbert-type fan deltas. A clear sedimentological, morphological and chronologic differentiation is established in the area between the Carpathians Late Miocene piedmont alluvial fans and the early Zanclean Gilbert-type fan deltas. The early Zanclean age of the Hinova clays, where the bottomset beds of the Gilbert-type fan deltas are mostly developed, is confirmed by the occurrence of nannofossil markers of Subzone NN12b and a Bosphorian mollusk macrofauna. Early Zanclean inflow of Mediterranean marine waters into the Dacic Basin is also supported by the record of planktonic foraminifers. In the Dacic Basin, the Messinian Salinity Crisis resulted in the cutting of the Iron Gates by a Carpathians river. Fluvial erosion also affected the residual Pannonian Basin and probably catched the paleo-Tisza River which contributed to the erosion of the Iron Gates and to the fluvial drainage of the partly desiccated Dacic Basin. Arguments are reinforced in favor of a marine gateway between the Mediterranean and Dacic Basin through the Balkans before and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis.
Published: 2011
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121. Pliocene and Lower Pleistocene vegetation and climate changes at the European scale: Long pollen records and climatostratigraphy

Author: Jean-Pierre Suc, Georges Clauzon, Stefan Klotz, Florina Deaconu, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Hanna Winter, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Demet Biltekin, Marina Rabineau, Nathalie Combourieu-Nebout, Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Avrasya Yer Bilimleri Enstitüsü = Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences [Istanbul] (AYBE), Istanbul Technical University (ITÜ), Maden Fakültesi = Faculty of mines [Istanbul], Polish Geological Institute, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Institut für Geowissenschaften, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), School of Mines and Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Tech Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Pleistocene, Climate change, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, medicine.disease_cause, Pollen core, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, 13. Climate action, Pollen, medicine, Black sea, Scale (map), [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; The biostratigraphically calibrated long pollen record at DSDP Site 380 (southwestern Black Sea) displays a high-resolution continuous and contrasted evolution of the vegetation in the region for the entire Pliocene and Lower Pleistocene. An accurate correlation is established with the reference global oxygen isotopic curve and with the Northwestern European climatostratigraphy. Climatostratigraphic relationships are evident at the latitudinal and longitudinal scale of Europe, confirming the extensive strength of pollen analysis as a tool for correlations over large distances.
Published: 2010
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122. Magnetochronology of synorogenic Miocene foreland sediments in the Fars arc of the Zagros Folded Belt (SW Iran)

Author: E. Khademi, Jean-Pierre Suc, Jaume Vergés, Elisabet Beamud, Frédéric Mouthereau, Juan C. Larrasoaña, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Sh. Khadivi, Olivier Lacombe, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Geoscience Databas of Iran, National Geoscience Database, Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Geological Survey of Iran, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology, and National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar )
Subjects: Sabkha, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Tectonics, Stratigraphy, Alluvium, Sedimentary rock, Syncline, Zagros fold and thrust belt, Foreland basin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The timing of deformation in the northern Zagros Folded Belt is poorly constrained because of the lack of an accurate absolute chronology of the syntectonic sedimentary sequences. The foreland basin infill in the northern part of the Fars arc is composed of supratidal sabkha deposits (Razak Fm), medium-grained deltaic deposits (Agha Jari Fm) and coarse conglomerates of nearshore fan delta deposits at the base (Bakhtyari Fm, Bk1) and continental alluvial deposits at the top of the section (Bakhtyari Fm, Bk2). A magnetostratigraphic study was carried out in a composite section spanning about 1300 m on the northern flank of the Chahar-Makan syncline. Magnetostratigraphic correlation of the Razak Fm with chron C6n yields an age of 19.7 Ma at the base of the composite section. The transition to Agha Jari Fm is correlated with chron C5Cn, yielding an age of 16.6 Ma. The transition to the conglomerates of the Bakhtyari Fm (Bk1) correlates with the chron C5AD at approximately 14.8 Ma, which is considerably older than previously thought. The base of the Bakhtyari Fm growth strata, and thus the beginning of the deformation in northern Fars, is dated at 14-15 Ma. The topmost preserved Bakhtyari Fm (Bk1) is folded and unconformably overlain by Bakhtyari Fm (Bk2) conglomerates. This indicates that tectonic deformation in northern Zagros was already underway in the Middle Miocene. © 2009 The Authors. Basin Research © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd, European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers and International Association of Sedimentologists.
Published: 2010
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123. GALEACYSTA ETRUSCA COMPLEX: DINOFLAGELLATE CYST MARKER OF PARATETHYAN INFLUXES TO THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA BEFORE AND AFTER THE PEAK OF THE MESSINIAN SALINITY CRISIS

Author: Koraljka Bakrač, Jean-Pierre Suc, Martin J. Head, Gilles Escarguel, Georges Clauzon, Florent Dalesme, Gwenaël Jouannic, Speranta-Maria Popescu, M Süto-Szentai, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Domaines Océaniques (LDO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth Sciences [St. Catharines], Brock University [Canada], National Institite of Marine Geology & Geoecology, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Natural History Collection of Komlo, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, ‘Lago Mare', ‘Lago Mare, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Paleontology, Mediterranean sea, Messinian, Zanclean, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Galeacysta etrusca complex, biology, Brackish water, Dinoflagellate, Paratethys–Mediterranean, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, Oceanography, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Geology, Chronology
Abstract: International audience; More than one thousand specimens of a morphological complex including Galeacysta etrusca Corradini & Biffi 1988 from 11 Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene localities of the Paratethyan and Mediterranean realms have been studied using a biometric approach in part relating to the degree of separation between endocyst and ectocyst. Four stable biometric groups have been distinguished statistically, the occurrence or prevalence of which appears closely linked to environmental conditions irrespective of the realm. Group ‘a' is related to brackish conditions, group ‘b' to marine conditions, group ‘c' to freshwater, and group ‘d' to high nutrient levels. Based on an accurate chronology provided by calcareous nannoplankton bioevents and recognition of the Messinian Erosional Surface, this study reveals: 1. the high sensitivity of the Galeacysta etrusca complex for reconstructing paleoenvironments and discriminating phases of connection and isolation of basins; 2. the detailed history of this species complex which originated in the Pannonian Basin at ca. 8 Ma before invading the Dacic Basin during the interval 6–5.60 Ma, then migrating into the Mediterranean during high sea-level connections (the ‘Lago Mare' events just before and after the peak of the Messinian Salinity Crisis, i.e. at 5.60 Ma and during the interval ca. 5.46–5.278 Ma, respectively), and finally into the Black Sea at ca. 5.13 Ma; 3. an improved paleogeography for the Mediterranean and Paratethyan realms with focus on the location of corridors and the timing of when they were active. Based on field observations and dinoflagellate cyst data, we propose that the reflooding of the Mediterranean Basin by Atlantic waters occurred at ca. 5.46 Ma, about 130 kyr before the Zanclean GSSP (5.332 Ma).
Published: 2009
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124. The Messinian salinity crisis in the Dardanelles region : chronostratigraphic constraints

Author: Georges Clauzon, Ziyadin Cakir, Gwenaël Jouannic, Jean-Pierre Suc, Bertrand Meyer, Rolando Armijo, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Gülsen Uçarkuş, M. Namık Çağatay, Demet Biltekin, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Séverine Fauquette, Natl Inst Marine Geol & Geoecol, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sch Mines, Istanbul Tech Univ, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Canyon, 010506 paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Dinoflagellate, Paleontology, Fluvial, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Sedimentation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Salinity, 14. Life underwater, Chronostratigraphy, Palaeogeography, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: An intense controversy on chronostratigraphy of upper Miocene–lower Pliocene deposits and the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the Dardanelles area led to a systematic investigation of calcareous nannoplankton content of 10 key-sections representative of the most relevant regional Kirazli and Alcitepe formations. Our study shows clearly that the Kirazli Formation deposits predate the Messinian Salinity Crisis while those of the Alcitepe Formation postdate this outstanding event, which severely impacted the region as widely known around the Mediterranean Basin. Fluvial canyon cutting or gap in sedimentation linked to the peak of the Messinian Salinity Crisis separates the two formations. Detailed palaeoenvironmental investigations (based on the fluctuation and distribution pattern of dinoflagellate cysts, pollen grains and calcareous nannoplankton) allow us to reconstruct the regional palaeogeography before, during and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The gathered data do not indicate any marine corridor between the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Paratethys through the Marmara Sea region at the time of the Messinian Salinity Crisis.
Published: 2009
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125. Flow and sediment processes in a cutoff meander of the Danube Delta during episodic flooding

Author: Laura Jugaru Tiron, Nicolae Panin, Philippe Dussouillez, Jérôme Le Coz, Guillaume Raccasi, Mireille Provansal, Guillaume Dramais, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Hydrologie-Hydraulique (UR HHLY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0207 environmental engineering, 02 engineering and technology, DANUBE DELTA, SEDIMENT, FORMER MEANDER, 01 natural sciences, SEDIMENT FLUXES, MORPHOLOGIE FLUVIALE, Aggradation, RIVER MORPHODYNAMICS, 020701 environmental engineering, Sedimentary budget, Geomorphology, ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER, Stream power, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Bed material load, MEANDRE, MODELE NUMERIQUE, Sediment, Point bar, ACOUSTIC DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER (ADCP), ST. GEORGE BRANCH, 6. Clean water, Flow velocity, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Meander, HYDRODYNAMIQUE, CRUE, DANUBE COURS D'EAU, TRANSPORT SOLIDE, Geology
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]ARCEAU; This article analyzes the water and suspended solid fluxes through a straightened meander of the southern branch of the Danube Delta (the St. George branch) during episodic flooding. The Mahmudia study site corresponds to a vast natural meander which was cut off in 19841988 by an artificial canal opened to shipping. The meander correction accelerated fluxes through the artificial canal and dramatically enhanced deposition in the former meander. After his formation, the cutoff meander acted as sediment storage locations, essentially removing channel and point bar sediments from the active sediment budget of the main channel. Increases in slope and stream power in reaches upstream and downstream have also occurred, but to a lesser degree. During the one-hundred-year recurrent flood in April 2006, bathymetry, flow velocity and discharge data were acquired across several sections of both natural and artificial channels with an acoustic Doppler current profiler (aDcp Workhorse Sentinel 600 kHz, Teledyne RDI) in order to investigate the distribution of the flow and sediment and his impact on sedimentation in a channelized reach and its adjacent cutoff. The contrasting hydro-sedimentary processes at work in both channels and bifurcation/ confluence nodal points are analyzed from the measured flux distribution, morphological profiles and velocity and concentration patterns. In the cutoff, a diminishing of the intensity of the flow velocity (c. 50%) and of the SSC was observed correlated with the aggradation of the river bed. In the bifurcation/confluence nodal points and in the artificial canal were observed the most intensive hydrodynamic activity (high flow velocity, SSC concentration, degradation of the river bad). Both the event-scale and long-term morphological trends of the alluvial system are discussed analyzing the boundary shear stress and SSC variability. Excess boundary shear stress in the sub-reaches directly affected by cutoffs resulted in scour that increased downstream bed material load. These high sediment loads play a key role in driving morphological adjustments towards equilibrium in the cutoff channel. The approach followed in this paper combines detailed episodic in-situ aDcp measurements and robust numerical 1D modeling in order to provide a practical comprehension of the relevant morphodynamical processes. The 1D model reproduces robustly the continuity of hydrodynamical variables along the streamwise axes of the two-channel network. The simulated are used in the paper for highlighting reachscale morphological processes, at both event and long-term scales.
Published: 2009
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126. Paleogeographic evolution and vertical motion of the central Lesser Antilles forearc since the Early Miocene: A potential driver for land fauna dispersals between the americas

Author: Cornée, Jean-Jacques, de Min, Lyvane, Lebrun, Jean-Frédéric, Quillévéré, Frédéric, Melinte-Dobrinescu, Mihaela, Boudagher-Fadel, Marcelle, Montheil, Lény, Marcaillou, Boris, Thinon, Isabelle, Philippon, Mélody, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania), University College of London [London] (UCL), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), and This work has been funded by the French KaShallow cruise program (https://doi.org/10.17600/9020010) and the INSU-SYSTER program OBLISUB.
Subjects: [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Geophysics, Paleogeography, Rifting, Stratigraphy, Lesser antilles, Guadeloupe Archipelago, Economic Geology, Geology, Neogene, Oceanography, Seismic stratigraphy, Fauna dispersal
Abstract: International audience; Phylogenetic studies of present-day terrestrial organisms suggest that faunal dispersals between South America and the Greater Antilles may have occurred during the Cenozoic through the Lesser Antilles. However, because of the lack of geological data to unravel the areas that may have emerged along the Lesser Antilles trench, the migration paths used by their ancestors remain unknown. Here, we present novel paleogeographic maps of the central Lesser Antilles (extending from Guadeloupe to Martinique islands) which are built on the basis of onshore and offshore stratigraphic correlations (50 seismic lines, biostratigraphy of 9 dredged and 29 field samples, six sedimentary logs). We find that repetitive episodes of uplift and drowning have occurred in the central part of the Lesser Antilles during the Neogene. Offshore, the Marie-Galante Basin comprises three sedimentary megasequences that deposited between: (i) the Oligocene and Early Miocene, including the extinct arc, (ii) the Middle and Late Miocene and (iii) the latest Miocene and Holocene. These sediments infill a NNW-SEE trending forearc rift that opened during the Early Miocene. The megasequences are separated by subaerial regional unconformities that affect the rift shoulders. Onshore, we show that the lower part of the carbonate platform in Guadeloupe and La Désirade has deposited during the late Messinian. In Martinique, we refine the age of the carbonate deposits belonging to the extinct arc to the Chattian-Burdigalian, and evidence a major subaerial unconformity corresponding to the Middle Miocene. We propose that between Anguilla and Martinique, from north to south, large archipelagos, which are now drowned, have existed during the early Middle Miocene and the latest Miocene. We suggest that during the Miocene, the Lesser Antilles may have been used as a pathway for land-faunal dispersals from South America.
Published: 2023
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127. Earliest Zanclean age for the Colombacci and uppermost Di Tetto formations of the ‘‘latest Messinian' northern Apennines: New palaeoenvironmental data from the Maccarone section (Marche Province, Italy)

Author: Jean-Pierre Suc, Mihaela-Carmen Melinte, M Süto-Szentai, Georges Clauzon, Speranta-Maria Popescu, Frédéric Quillévéré, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Palynology, 010506 paleontology, Marine dinoflagellate cysts, biology, Zanclean transgression, Paleontology, Ceratolithus, Lago Mare, Biostratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Foraminifera, Mediterranean sea, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Phanerozoic, Calcareous nannofossils, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Sea level, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Marine transgression
Abstract: International audience; The occurrence of planktonic foraminifers in the latest Messinian deposits (uppermost Di Tetto Formation and Colombacci Formation) of the Marche Province (Apennine foredeep, Italy) has stimulated a debate since the 1970s. An earlier palynological study of the entire Maccarone section revealed a pronounced, and a sudden increasing frequency of saccate pollen grains which indicates more distal conditions, and thus a transgression. At first attributed to tectonic activity, this transgression is now interpreted as representing the Zanclean marine transgression after the discovery of Ceratolithus acutus, the calcareous nannofossil marker of the earliest Zanclean in the Mediterranean Sea. Evidence from marine dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifers supports this result. The Colombacci Formation and uppermost part of the Di Tetto Formation (i.e. the entire p–ev2 stratigraphic unit) belong to the earliest Zanclean. The so-called Lago Mare no longer has a regional chronostratigraphic sense, and should be understood as the invasion of Paratethyan organisms via surface waters owing to a connection at high sea-level between the Aegean Sea and the Eastern Paratethys (Dacic Basin). A new robust environmental reconstruction of the northern Apennine foredeep is proposed, which respectively considers the effects of tectonics and Mediterranean eustasy.
Published: 2007
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128. The Role of Fluid Seepage in the Erosion of Mesozoic Carbonate Escarpments

Author: Or M. Bialik, Aaron Micallef, Nader Saadatkhah, Charles K. Paull, Paull, Charles K., 3 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Moss Landing CA USA, Saadatkhah, Nader, 1 Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research GEOMAR Kiel Germany, Bialik, Or, and 2 Department of Geosciences Marine Geology and Seafloor Surveying University of Malta Msida Malta
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Escarpment, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Head (geology), chemistry.chemical_compound, Fluid-structure interaction, Marine geophysics, Carbonate minerals, Geomorphology, Joint (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Submarine topography, Canyon, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Bedrock, Sedimentology, 15. Life on land, Geophysics, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Subaerial, Erosion, Carbonate, Submarine geology, ddc:551.3, Geology
Abstract: Mesozoic submarine carbonate escarpments are erosional features that host box canyons, the formation of which had been attributed to seepage erosion in view of their similarity to subaerial box canyons. The latter had been cited as diagnostic of groundwater activity, although the efficacy of fluid seepage as an erosive agent in bedrock remains controversial. Here we use multibeam echosounder data from the Blake, Campeche, Malta and Florida Escarpments to demonstrate that box canyon formation is, in general, a significant process eroding carbonate escarpments. Numerical modeling based on parameters from the Florida Escarpment shows that box canyons can initiate and retrogressively evolve by fluid seeping via joints, which causes a reduction in rock strength due to fluid pressure and dissolution, resulting in periodic block failure at the canyon head. Box canyon elongation is promoted by an exponential distribution of joint density, an increase in joint density, joints oriented perpendicular and parallel to the escarpment, or an increase in the thickness of the flowing groundwater zone and slope gradient of the escarpment. The angularity of the canyon head decreases with a decrease in joint density and when joint density is uniform, whereas the canyon width is regulated by the extent of the joint set zone. Since the key factors contributing to box canyon formation along the Florida Escarpment appear to characterize the Blake, Campeche and Malta Escarpments, the groundwater model for box canyon formation should be applicable to these escarpments as well., Plain Language Summary: Submarine carbonate escarpments are cliffs of limestone and dolomite that form anomalously steep topography on the Earth's surface. Box canyons—wide canyons with steep walls and semi‐circular heads—are a common feature in carbonate escarpments and they have been associated with groundwater seepage. In this study, we use seafloor depth information from four carbonate escarpments to show that box canyon erosion is a key process driving their evolution. Numerical modeling, on the other hand, suggests that fluid seeping in conditions similar to those of the Florida Escarpment can result in box canyon formation via periodic failure of the canyon head. Since these conditions at the Florida Escarpment can also be found in other escarpments such as the Blake, Campeche and Malta Escarpments, box canyon formation by groundwater seepage is likely a widespread geological process. The location of box canyons may suggest where fluid is seeping along escarpments and where specialized biological communities may be located. Box canyon formation is unlikely to pose a risk to coastal communities and offshore infrastructure., Key Points: Box canyon formation is a significant erosive process across carbonate escarpments. Fluid seeping through joints can drive initiation and retrogressive evolution of box canyons via periodic block failure at the canyon head., EC, H2020, H2020 Priority Excellent Science, H2020 European Research Council (ERC) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663, EC, H2020, H2020 Priority Excellent Science, Marie Skłodowska‐Curie Actions, EC, FP7, FP7 Marie Curie Actions (MCA), Fulbright Association (FULBRIGHT) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010629, David and Lucile Packard Foundation (PF) http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000008
Published: 2021
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129. Early Sasanian landscape modification: New geoarchaeological evidence from the Ardashir Pond in southwest Iran (Palace of Ardashir, third century CE)

Author: Andrew C. Parnell, Cyril Aubert, Alireza Askari-Chaverdi, François Demory, Abdolmajid Naderi-Beni, Nicolas Faucherre, Elodie Brisset, Elnaz Rashidian, Nick Marriner, Hamid Lahijani, Morteza Djamali, Emmanuel Gandouin, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology, Department of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Goethe University Frankfurt, History Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Archéologie Médiévale et Moderne en Méditerranée (LA3M), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences (INIOAS), Théoriser et modéliser pour aménager (UMR 6049) (ThéMA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Marine Geology Department, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Insight Centre for Data Analytics, Hamilton Institute, Maynooth University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, Sasanian architecture, Wetland, human intervention, waterresource, Structural basin, landscape, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Archaeology, Sedimentary depositional environment, Late Antiquity, Geography, World heritage, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Period (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; The Sasanian period (224–651 CE) marked an era of large-scale urban projects in southwest Asia, including Iran's semi-arid highlands, with particular efforts to manipulate water bodies. This study presents a recent interdisciplinary investigation of a spring-fed pond at the entrance of the Palace of Ardashir (Firuzabad plain, southwest Iran), part of a recently registered World Heritage site. Historical accounts suggest that the entire water system of the plain, including the pond, underwent a hydraulic re-organization at the beginning of the Sasanian period, a fact that has never been investigated geoarchaeologically. A series of sediment cores were retrieved from the pond to probe its evolution and examine the extent of its landscape modification. The cores were sedimentologically described and radiocarbon-dated with age–depth models established based on 57 AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) 14C dates to understand the basin's depositional history. The results indicate that (i) Ardashir Pond has existed as part of a larger wetland complex since at least 4500 years ago, (ii) it was substantially enlarged at the beginning of the Sasanian era, and (iii) it was abandoned at the end of the Sasanian period. The Ardashir Pond is one of the first geoarchaeologically investigated case studies to demonstrate the Sasanian landscape in the framework of the “Iranshahr” sociopolitical concept.
Published: 2021
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130. Late Holocene Changes in Erosion Patterns in a Lacustrine Environment: Landscape Stabilization by Volcanic Activity Versus Human Activity

Author: Sabine Schmidt, Osamu Fujiwara, Jacqueline Vander Auwera, Aurélia Hubert-Ferrari, Yusuke Yokoyama, Gilles Lepoint, Marc De Batist, Shinya Yamamoto, Evelien Boes, Meriam El Ouahabi, Laura Lamair, Vanessa M.A. Heyvaert, Department of Geography, University of Liège, Clos Mercator 3, 4000 Liège, Belgium, Université de Liège, Graduate School of Information Systems, University of Electro-Communications [Tokyo] (UEC), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L.A. Géologie, Pétrologie et Géochimie, MARE Centre, Laboratory for Oceanology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute [Kashiwa-shi] (AORI), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Renard Centre of Marine Geology, and RCMG
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Vulcanian eruption, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Sediment, 15. Life on land, Sedimentation, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Geophysics, Volcano, 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Erosion, Scoria, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Tephra, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The most recent eruption of Mount Fuji (Japan), the VEI 5 Hoei plinian eruption (CE 1707) heavily impacted Lake Yamanaka, a shallow lake located at the foot of Mount Fuji. Here we discuss the influence of the Hoei eruption on the lacustrine sedimentation of Lake Yamanaka using high-resolution geophysical and geochemical measurements on gravity cores. Hoei scoria fallout had two major impacts on Lake Yamanaka: (i) reduction of the sedimentation rate (from similar to 0.16 to similar to 0.09 cm/year) and (ii) the increase of in situ lake productivity. Sedimentation rates after the eruption were relatively low due to the thick scoria layer, trapping underlying sediments in the catchment. The lacustrine system took more than similar to 170 years to begin to recover from the Hoei eruption: most recently sedimentation recovery has been accelerated by changes in land use. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, vegetated strips delimited cultivated parcels, trapping sediment and minimizing anthropogenic impacts on the sedimentation rate. Over the last decade, the decline of agriculture and the increase of other human activities has led to an increase in the sedimentation rate (similar to 1 cm/year). This study highlights the effect of the grainsize of the volcanic ejecta on the sedimentation rate following a volcanic eruption. Coarse-grained tephra are difficult to erode. Therefore, their erosion and remobilization is largely limited to intense typhoons when porous scoria deposits are saturated by heavy rains. Moreover, this study suggests that recent anthropogenic modifications of the catchment had a greater impact on the sedimentation rate than the Hoei eruption.
Published: 2019
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131. Lost islands in the northern Lesser Antilles: possible milestones in the Cenozoic dispersal of terrestrial organisms between South-America and the Greater Antilles

Author: Cornée, Jean-jacques, Münch, Philippe, Philippon, Mélody, Boudagher-fadel, Marcelle, Quillévéré, Frédéric, Melinte-dobrinescu, Mihaela, Lebrun, Jean-frédéric, Gay, Aurelien, Meyer, Solène, Montheil, Lény, Lallemand, Serge, Marcaillou, Boris, Laurencin, Muriel, Legendre, Lucie, Garrocq, Clément, Boucard, Milton, Beslier, Marie-odile, Laigle, Mireille, Schenini, Laure, Fabre, Pierre-henri, Antoine, Pierre-olivier, Marivaux, Laurent, The Garanti And Antithesis Scientific Parties, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université des Antilles (Pôle Guadeloupe), Université des Antilles (UA), Cardiac Unit, Institute of Child Health (UCL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania), Géoazur (GEOAZUR 7329), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Lesser Antilles, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pleistocene, seismic stratigraphy, Cenozoic basins, palaeogeography, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Vertical motions, Biostratigraphy, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Unconformity, Sedimentary depositional environment, Paleontology, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, vertical motions, Stratigraphy, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sedimentary rock, biostratigraphy, Cenozoic, Palaeogeography, Geology, Seismic stratigraphy
Abstract: Our study aims to reconstruct the palaeogeography of the northern part of the Lesser Antilles in order to analyse whether emerged areas might have existed during the Cenozoic, favouring terrestrial faunal dispersals between South America and the Greater Antilles along the present-day Lesser Antilles arc. The stratigraphy and depositional environments of the islands of Anguilla, St Martin, Tintamarre, St Barthélemy, Barbuda and Antigua are reviewed in association with multichannel reflection seismic data acquired offshore since the 80's in the Saba, Anguilla and Antigua Banks and in the Kalinago Basin, including the most recent academic and industrial surveys. Seven seismic megasequences and seven regional unconformities are defined, and calibrated from deep wells on the Saba Bank and various dredges performed during marine cruises since the 70's in the vicinity of the islands. Onshore and offshore correlations allow us to depict an updated and detailed sedimentary organisation of the northern part of the Lesser Antilles from the late Eocene to the late Pleistocene. Paleogeographic reconstructions reveal sequences of uplift and emergence across hundredswide areas during the late Eocene, the late Oligocene, the early middle-Miocene and the latest Miocene-earliest Pliocene, interspersed by drowning episodes. The ∼200 km-long and ∼20 km-wide Kalinago Basin opened as an intra-arc basin during the late Eocene - early Oligocene. These periods of emergence may have favoured the existence of episodic mega-islands and transient terrestrial connections between the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the northern part of the Aves Ridge (Saba Bank). During the Pleistocene, archipelagos and mega-islands formed repeatedly during glacial maximum episodes.
Published: 2021
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132. EMSO ERIC, THE PAN-EUROPEAN INFRASTRUCTURE OF SEAFLOOR AND WATER-COLUMN OBSERVATORIES AROUND THE EUROPEAN SEAS, EXTENDS ITS COVERAGE TO THE ARCTIC

Author: Juan Dañobeitia, Paolo Favali, Laura Beranzoli, Alan Berry, Jérôme Blandin, Mathilde Cannat, Mafalda Carapuço, Ayoze Castro, Laurent Coppola, Eric Delory, Joaquin del Rio Fernandez, Davide Embriaco, Ilker Fer, Bénédicte Ferré, Maria Fredella, Andrew Gates, Alessandra Giuntini, Susan Hartman, Nadine Lantéri, Giuditta Marinaro, Paola Materia, George Petihakis, Vlad Radulescu, Ivan Rodero, Pierre-Marie Sarradin, Zuzia Stroynowski, EMSO ERIC, Rome, Italy, Marine Tech. Unit-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Roma (INGV), Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Marine Institute [Ireland], Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), CNRS IPGP PARIS FRA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Instituto Português de Investigação do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), PLOCAN, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), OBSEA-UPC, Barcelona, Spain, Bergen University College, Tromsø University College, National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), Eurogoos, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Shom, Ifremer, EuroGOOS AISBL, and CNRS, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
Subjects: interdisciplinarity, deep seafl oor and water column, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, ocean observation systems, European Research Infrastructure
Abstract: International audience; EMSO is a distributed Research Infrastructure currently comprising nine Regional Facilities (RFs) and three shallow water test sites, strategically located all the way from the southern entrance of the Arctic Ocean across to the North Atlantic through the Mediterranean to the Black Sea. Since the beginning of 2021 Norway has been integrated as a new EMSO ERIC member, extending the geographical coverage to the Nordic Sea and the Arctic. EMSO’s extension will benefi t from an experienced team managing moored observatories, ocean gliders and the Mohn Ridge Seafl oor and Water Column Observatory.
Published: 2021

133. Facing water shortages in ancient Iran: new evidence from sedimentary records of the Southern Zagros and historical insights

Author: Brisset, Elodie, Djamali, Morteza, Ricci, Andrea, Balatti, Silvia, Beni, Abdolmajid Naderi, Azadi, Ahmad, Firoozbakhsh, Pejman, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany, Institut für Klassische Altertumskunde, Abt. Alte Geschichte, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany, Marine Geology Department, Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science (INIOAS), Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (RICHT), Iranian Center for Archaeological Research (ICAR), Tehran, Iran, and Brisset, Elodie
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Drought, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Achaemenid, Persepolis, Water, Iran, Lake, [SDV.EE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Sassanid, Qanat, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

134. Acceleration of western Arctic sea ice loss linked to the Pacific North American pattern

Author: Gabriel J. Bowen, Zhongwang Wei, Francis Codron, Zhongfang Liu, Sha Li, Xiaogang He, Camille Risi, Dong Chen, Christopher J. Poulsen, State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering [Singapore], National University of Singapore (NUS), Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, School of Atmospheric Sciences [Zhuhai], Sun Yat-Sen University [Guangzhou] (SYSU), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Tsinghua University [Beijing] (THU), University of Utah, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Downwelling, Sea ice, Arctic climate, Atmospheric science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Greenhouse warming, Advection, General Chemistry, Longwave radiation, Arctic ice pack, 030104 developmental biology, Ocean sciences, Arctic, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Environmental science, human activities, geographic locations
Abstract: Recent rapid Arctic sea-ice reduction has been well documented in observations, reconstructions and model simulations. However, the rate of sea ice loss is highly variable in both time and space. The western Arctic has seen the fastest sea-ice decline, with substantial interannual and decadal variability, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we demonstrate, through both observations and model simulations, that the Pacific North American (PNA) pattern is an important driver of western Arctic sea-ice variability, accounting for more than 25% of the interannual variance. Our results suggest that the recent persistent positive PNA pattern has led to increased heat and moisture fluxes from local processes and from advection of North Pacific airmasses into the western Arctic. These changes have increased lower-tropospheric temperature, humidity and downwelling longwave radiation in the western Arctic, accelerating sea-ice decline. Our results indicate that the PNA pattern is important for projections of Arctic climate changes, and that greenhouse warming and the resultant persistent positive PNA trend is likely to increase Arctic sea-ice loss., The fastest sea-ice decline has been observed in the western Arctic, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, the authors show that the Pacific North American pattern plays an important role in western Arctic sea-ice variability.
Published: 2021
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135. Natural Assurance Schemes Canvas: A Framework to Develop Business Models for Nature-Based Solutions Aimed at Disaster Risk Reduction

Author: Elena López Gunn, Pedro Zorrilla-Miras, Javier Calatrava, Florentina Nanu, Beatriz Mayor, Karina Peña, Albert Scrieciu, Nina Graveline, Thomas Biffin, Kieran Dartee, Roxane Marchal, Philippe Le Coent, Marisol Manzano, I CATALIST MADRID ESP, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), FIELD FACTORS DELFT NLD, Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation (UMR Innovation), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Caisse centrale de Réassurance (CCR), BDG BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT GROUP BUCHAREST ROM, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, and Partenaires INRAE
Subjects: Value (ethics), Disaster risk reduction, Computer science, 020209 energy, Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Business model, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, Ecosystem services, natural assurance schemes, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, GE1-350, business models, Business case, Adaptation (computer science), nature-based solutions, risk reduction, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Flexibility (engineering), Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Differential (mechanical device), Building and Construction, Environmental sciences, Risk analysis (engineering), 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being promoted because they can solve different pursued aims together with providing an additional array of multiple ecosystem services or co-benefits. Nevertheless, their implementation is still being curbed by several barriers, for example, a lack of examples, a lack of finance, and a lack of business cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to facilitate the construction of business models and business cases that identify the elements required to capture value. These are necessary to catalyze investments for the implementation of NBS. This article presents a tool called a Natural Assurance Schemes (NAS) canvas and explains how it can be applied to identify business models for NBS strategies providing climate adaptation services, showing an eye-shot summary of critical information to attract funding. The framework is applied in three case studies covering different contexts, scales, and climaterelated risks (floods and droughts). Finally, a reflective analysis is done, comparing the tool with other similar approaches while highlighting the differential characteristics that define the usefulness, replicability, and flexibility of the tool for the target users, namely policymakers, developers, scientists, or entrepreneurs aiming to promote and implement NAS and NBS projects.
Published: 2021
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136. Characteristics of hydrate-bound gas retrieved at the Kedr mud volcano (southern Lake Baikal)

Author: Andrey Yu. Manakov, Jeffrey Poort, Alexandr Chenskiy, Hirotsugu Minami, Akihiro Hachikubo, Marc De Batist, Satoshi Yamashita, Gennadiy Kalmychkov, A. V. Khabuev, Oleg Khlystov, Alexey Krylov, Kitami Institute of Technology, Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Saint Petersburg State University (SPBU), A.P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Renard Centre of Marine Geology (RCMG), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Irkutsk State University (ISU), and Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry [Novosibirsk] (NIC)
Subjects: ANOMALIES, GULF, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Hydrogen, Energy science and technology, Clathrate hydrate, chemistry.chemical_element, lcsh:Medicine, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Methane, Article, MEXICO, chemistry.chemical_compound, METHANE, Propane, GLOBAL DATASET, [SDU.STU.VO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Volcanology, ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, BASIN, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, lcsh:R, Sediment, Biogeochemistry, HYDROGEN, Environmental sciences, Neopentane, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Earth and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, Hydrate, SEDIMENTS, Mud volcano, ETHANE
Abstract: We reported the characteristics of hydrate-bound hydrocarbons in lake-bottom sediments at the Kedr mud volcano in Lake Baikal. Twenty hydrate-bearing sediment cores were retrieved, and methane-stable isotopes of hydrate-bound gases (δ13C and δ2H of − 47.8‰ to − 44.0‰ V-PDB and − 280.5‰ to − 272.8‰ V-SMOW, respectively) indicated their thermogenic origin accompanied with secondary microbial methane. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the crystals and molecular composition of the hydrate-bound gases suggested that structure II crystals showed a high concentration of ethane (around 14% of hydrate-bound hydrocarbons), whereas structure I crystals showed a relatively low concentration of ethane (2–5% of hydrate-bound hydrocarbons). These different crystallographic structures comprised complicated layers in the sub-lacustrine sediment, suggesting that the gas hydrates partly dissociate, concentrate ethane and form structure II crystals. We concluded that a high concentration of thermogenic ethane primarily controls the crystallographic structure of gas hydrates and that propane, iso-butane (2-methylpropane) and neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane) are encaged into crystals in the re-crystallisation process.
Published: 2020
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137. Ages and stratigraphical architecture of late Miocene deposits in the Lorca Basin (Betics, SE Spain): New insights for the salinity crisis in marginal basins

Author: Antonio Caruso, Christian Hibsch, Emmanuelle Vennin, Jean-Marie Rouchy, Nicolas Olivier, Danièle Bartier, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Cédric Carpentier, Jean-Jacques Cornée, GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléobiodiversité et paléoenvironnements, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), National Institute of Marine Geology and Geo-ecology (GeoEcoMar ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Carpentier C, Vennin E, Rouchy JM, Cornee JJ, Melinte-Dobrinescu M, Hibsch C, Olivier N, Caruso A, Bartier D, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et la société-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, Evaporite, Stratigraphy, Structural basin, Late Miocene, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Neogene, 01 natural sciences, Unconformity, Base-level fluctuations, Paleontology, Messinian, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tortonian, Brackish water, Geology, Salinity crisis, Betics, s Lorca Basin, Spain, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Lorca Basin, [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Base-level fluctuation, engineering, Halite
Abstract: International audience; Unlike most Neogene basins of the Betic Cordillera where the Salinity Crisis is dated to the Messinian, a contradictory Tortonian dating was proposed for evaporites of the Lorca Basin. As a consequence, complex structural models have been proposed in the literature to explain this discrepancy in the timing of evaporites. In order to integrate the Lorca Basin into the geological context of the western Mediterranean domain during the Late Miocene, new sedimentological and stratigraphical studies coupled with new dating were performed, which allow us to propose a Messinian age for both diatomite-bearing deposits and evaporites of the Lorca Basin. These new ages challenge the idea of a Tortonian salinity crisis in the Lorca Basin. Three main events of base-level drop were evidenced during the Messinian. Each event is correlated with successive steps of basin restriction. Shallow salina evaporites were deposited after a base-level fall during the Messinian before a final base-level drop, which led to the entire exposure of the basin. This last exposure is interpreted as coeval with the deposition of first evaporites and halite in the deep Mediterranean basins. The reflooding which allowed the deposition of brackish deposits and a short-lived marine incursion occurred at the end of the Messinian. Base-level drops occurred during eustatic falls amplified by the gradual uplift of the Betic Cordillera. The exhumation of the Tercia ridge along the strike-slip Alhama de Murcia fault system during the Messinian probably favoured the gradual restriction of the basin. A discussion on correlations of main unconformities between several Neogene basins of the Betics is proposed, suggesting a similar structural evolution at the regional scale.
Published: 2020
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138. Marine Group II Euryarchaeota Contribute to the Archaeal Lipid Pool in Northwestern Pacific Ocean Surface Waters

Author: Cenling Ma, Sarah Coffinet, Julius S. Lipp, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs, Chuanlun Zhang, State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, This work was supported by the State Key R&D Project of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0601101 and 2018YFA0605800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91851210, 41530105, and 41673073), the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2018B030311016), the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (K19313901),the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Archaea Geo-Omics, Southern University of Science and Technology and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Program (Grant No. HI 616-14-1). CM was funded by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council (CSC)., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Southern University of Science and Technology [Shenzhen] (SUSTech)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Thaumarchaeota, East China Sea, Northwestern Pacific Ocean, lcsh:QR1-502, Marine Group II Euryarchaeota, Archaeal lipids, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 14. Life underwater, Marine Group I Thaumarchaeota, Original Research, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Ring Index, biology, 030306 microbiology, Chemistry, TEX86, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Oceanic carbon cycle, Euryarchaeota, Surface water, Archaea
Abstract: International audience; Planktonic archaea include predominantly Marine Group I Thaumarchaeota (MG I) and Marine Group II Euryarchaeota (MG II), which play important roles in the oceanic carbon cycle. MG I produce specific lipids called isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), which are being used in the sea surface temperature proxy named TEX86. Although MG II may be the most abundant planktonic archaeal group in surface water, their lipid composition remains poorly characterized because of the lack of cultured representatives. Circumstantial evidence from previous studies of marine suspended particulate matter suggests that MG II may produce both GDGTs and archaeol-based lipids. In this study, integration of the 16S rRNA gene quantification and sequencing and lipid analysis demonstrated that MG II contributed significantly to thepool of archaeal tetraether lipids in samples collected from MG II-dominated surface waters of the Northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO). The archaeal lipid composition in MG II-dominated NWPO waters differed significantly from that of known MG I cultures, containing relatively more 2G-OH-, 2G- and 1G- GDGTs, especially in their acyclic form. Lipid composition in NWPO waters was also markedly different from MG I-dominated surface water samples collected in the East China Sea. GDGTs from MG II-dominated samples seemed to respond to temperature similarly to GDGTs from the MG I-dominated samples, which calls for further study using pure cultures to determine the exact impact of MG II on GDGT-based proxies.
Published: 2020
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139. The Moroccan High Atlas phosphate-rich sediments: Unraveling the accumulation and differentiation processes

Author: Radouan El Bamiki, El Hassane Chellaï, Mohamed Marzoqi, Mihaela Carmen Melinte-Dobrinescu, Gilles Merzeraud, Michel Séranne, Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Géologie [FSSM], Faculté des Sciences Semlalia Marrakech, and National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Stratigraphy, Geochemistry, Reworking, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary depositional environment, Petrography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phosphate accumulation, Marl, Paleogene, Winnowing, Francolite, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sediment, Geology, 15. Life on land, Phosphate, Turbidite, chemistry, High Atlas Morocco, Facies, Upper Cretaceous
Abstract: International audience; The phosphate series of the Moroccan High Atlas accumulated during the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene phosphogenic period, on a biologically-productive shallow-water platform. These phosphate-rich sediments were deposited during a relative sea-level cycle generating major stratigraphic surfaces. Five different types of phosphatic lithofacies are recognized based on their petrographic and sedimentologic features. The pristine phosphate lithofacies corresponds to phosphatic marls formed by francolite authigenesis within the outer platform domain below the storm wave-base (primary phosphogenesis zone). This primary phosphatic lithofacies can be differentiated as a result of the interaction between hydrodynamic autocyclic processes and allocyclic forcing. Accordingly, the granular phosphate lithofacies was formed by in-situ storm and bottom currents that winnowed the pristine phosphate. This winnowed lithofacies, composed of densely-packed peloids, shows relatively high P2O5 concentrations. The turbiditic phosphate resulted from the basinward transport and deposition of other phosphate types by gravity flows leading to normally-graded phosphatic sediment. The phosphatic lags were formed by wave reworking and transporting of pristine and associated granular facies within the inner platform. The karst-filling phosphate corresponds to former phosphate types transported by early transgressive currents and trapped within karstic pockets as phospharudites. The distribution of the different phosphate types across the margin and within the depositional sequences is controlled by the effects of relative sea-level changes. The pristine phosphate and associated winnowed facies are found above the major maximum flooding surface, which is dated by nannoflora to the Selandian-Thanetian transition. The phosphatic turbidites occurred during periods of high sea-level. The karst-related phosphatic facies accumulated during early transgressive stages. The phosphatic lags accumulated mainly during the regressive phases of third and fourth-order sequences. The accumulation processes of the different phosphatic lithofacies control the ore grade of the phosphatic sediments: repeated storm-induced winnowing of pristine phosphate contributes to the enrichment of the phosphate ore grade.
Published: 2020
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140. Modus Operandi of the International Centre for Advanced Studies on River-Sea Systems (DANUBIUS-RI)

Author: Jana Friedrich, Sina Bold, Peter Heininger, Chris Bradley, Andrew Tyler, Adrian Stanica, Danubius-PP Consortium, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], University of Stirling, National Institute of Marine Geology and Geoecology (Romania), and European Project
Subjects: 13. Climate action, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: DANUBIUS-RI, the International Centre for Advanced Studies on River- Sea Systems, is a distributed environmental research infrastructure on the Roadmap of the European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI). DANUBIUS-RI offers a new paradigm in aquatic science: the River- Sea continuum approach. It aims to provide an integrated research infrastructure with interdisciplinary expertise encompassing: remote and in-situ observation systems (including ships), experimental facilities, laboratories, modelling tools and resources for knowledge exchange along freshwater-seawater continua throughout Europe, from river source to sea. The Science and Innovation Agenda of DANUBIUS (SIA), presented in a tandem presentation, provides the scientific rationale that underpins the technical and organisational design of the research infrastructure, hence the components and their interaction. The research needs and priorities identified in the SIA shape the design of the infrastructure to ensure DANUBIUS-RI provides the interdisciplinary expertise, tools and capacities required.This presentation describes the DANUBIUS-RI components, their functions and interactions, the governance structure and services of the RI to demonstrate how DANUBIUS-RI will transform its mission into science and services for the benefit of healthy River-Sea Systems.The DANUBIUS-RI Components comprise the Hub, Data Centre, Nodes, Supersites, e-Learning Office and Technology Transfer Office, distributed across Europe. DANUBIUS-ERIC, as legal entity, provides the effective governance framework: it coordinates, manages, harmonizes and communicates the activities carried out by the DANUBIUS-RI Components.The DANUBIUS Commons will be a key element of DANUBIUS-RI: a set of harmonised regulations, methods, procedures and standards for scientific and non-scientific activities, to guarantee the integrity, relevance, consistency and elevated quality of DANUBIUSRI’s products and services. The DANUBIUS Commons will provide the framework to ensure that the outputs of DANUBIUS-RI are compatible, comparable, and exchangeable throughout the research infrastructure, and within the user community.The DANUBIUS-RI Services span a range of disciplines, which is essential to address the major research questions and challenges in River-Sea Systems. Seven categories of services have been developed: (1) digital and non-digital data; 2) tools, methods and expert support; (3) study and measurements; (4) diagnostic and impact; (5) solution development; tests, audit, validation and certification; and (7) training.DANUBIUS-RI will cooperate closely with other research infrastructures, including ICOS-ERIC, EMSOERIC, EURO-ARGO ERIC, LifeWatch ERIC and eLTER; with research infrastructure networks such as HYDRALAB and JERICO; with River Basin and Regional Seas Commissions; with data programmes and initiatives such as the European Copernicus programme, EUMETSAT and SeaDataNet; and with research programmes and initiatives such as JPI Water and JPI Oceans.DANUBIUS-RI has completed its preparatory phase (DANUBIUS-PP) at the end of 2019, and now started its implementation. The first components successfully applied for EU infrastructural funding (EFRE). DANUBIUS-RI is expected to be operational by 2023.
Published: 2020
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141. Etablishing the first continuous Holocene tephrostratigraphy on Kerguelen Archipelago, subantarctic Indian Oean

Author: Eivind Støren, Stéphane Guédron, Bertrand Moine, Anouk Leloup, Nathalie Vanderputten, Jérôme Poulenard, Anne-Lise Develle, Elisabeth Michel, Pierre Sabatier, Emmanuel Malet, Fabien Arnaud, Nicolas Le Viavan, Bernard Fanget, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Jean-Louis Reyss, Marc De Batist, Vincent Perrot, Jostein Bakke, Katrien Heirman, Aymerick Servettaz, Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Department of Earth Science and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway, L'Institut polaire français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Renard Centre of Marine Geology, Department of Geology and Soil Sciences, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
Subjects: geography, Paleontology, geography.geographical_feature_category, Volcano, Outcrop, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Archipelago, Sediment, Glacial period, Chronostratigraphy, Geology, Holocene, Chronology
Abstract: Here we present the first Holocene-long continuous chronology of volcanic eruptions on Kerguelen archipelago, where no evidence of Holocene volcanic activity has been published so far. Our chronicle is based upon sedimentological, chronological and geochemical data form two sediment cores, taken in two different depocenters of a large lake, Lake Armor, located ca. 70 km away from the archipelago’s potentially active volcanic area. This allowed us to confidently attribute the origin of pumice-rich or ash-rich layers to contemporaneous volcanic eruptions. Altogther eight main eruptions, as well as three secondary ones, were here documented and dated, among which the youngest occurred during the Middle Age, between 890 and 980 AD. The oldest eruption is also by far the strongest one and deposited more than 1.2m of up-to 3cm large pumices, 70 km away from the volcanic edifice. It occurred at the very beginnning of the Holocene (11 ka cal. BP), suggesting a climatic control after glacial retreat upon volcanic activity. Additionnal evidences from lake sediment and geological outcrops, both close to Lake Armor and in remote areas over Kerguelen mainland, open the future possibility of a better reconstruction of major eruptions deposit spreading and thus an assessment of their intensity. This established chronostratigraphy will be useful to synchronise paleoenvironment record at least at the scale of the archipelago as well as in surrounding marine areas where Holocene climate reconstructions are particularly sparse.
Published: 2020
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142. Magnetic Fingerprints of Modern Sediments in the South China Sea Resulting From Source‐to‐Sink Processes

Author: Ramon Egli, Pinxian Wang, C. Laj, Michael Sarnthein, Catherine Kissel, Camille Wandres, Climat et Magnétisme (CLIMAG), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Geosciences [Kiel], Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics [Vienna] (ZAMG), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL)
Subjects: South china, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], Geochemistry, South China Sea, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, 14. Life underwater, Source to sink, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Magnetite, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, magnetic mineralogy, Terrigenous sediment, Continental shelf, Sediment, Hematite, Geophysics, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Magnetic mineralogy, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, marine sediments, Geology
Abstract: More than 650 million tons/year of fluvial sediment are delivered from continental regions into the South China Sea (SCS). Previous studies have shown that the composition of the magnetic fraction of riverine sediments drained into the SCS is significantly variable from north to south. On the basis of this evidence, we now examine a full set of magnetic properties for a number of core‐tops taken at water depth comprised mostly between 800 and 3500 m. Room‐temperature magnetic parameters and thermal spectra are used to obtain information about the concentration and mineralogical magnetic composition. Spatial changes are observed in the relative proportion of magnetite and hematite with an increase of the latter toward the south, similarly to the observation on land. However, the N‐S contrast is much weaker in marine core tops than in river sediments, because of the role played by the shelf in partly trapping river‐borne sediments, in particular in the southern SCS. In part, sediments also reach the continental slope and the deep basins, being transported and mixed by surface and deep‐water currents, which yield the magnetite‐hematite mixing in the south. For the first time, we characterize a wide spectrum of magnetic properties of modern marine sediment in the South China Sea. Our results give important insights into the modern pathways of sediment particles, depicting the source‐to‐sink processes that affect the terrigenous sediment load.
Published: 2018
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143. Long-term in situ observations on typhoon-triggered turbidity currents in the deep sea

Author: Zhifei Liu, Shaohua Zhao, Yulong Zhao, Benjamin Charles Kneller, Yanwei Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Christophe Colin, Meng Wang, The University of Tennessee [Knoxville], State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Information and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] (CIEE), China Agricultural University (CAU), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Division of Animal and Food Microbiology, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology [Aberdeen], and University of Aberdeen
Subjects: Turbidity current, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cruise, Foundation (engineering), [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Deep sea, Term (time), Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Typhoon, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; Turbidity currents regulate the transport of terrigenous sediment, abundant in carbon and nutrients, from the shelf to the deep sea. However, triggers of deep-sea turbidity currents are diverse and remain debatable in individual cases due to few direct measurements and unpredictable occurrence. Here we present long-term monitoring of turbidity currents at a water depth of 2104 m on the margin of the Gaoping Submarine Canyon off Taiwan, which has the world's highest erosion rates and wettest typhoons. The unique 3.5 year record of in situ observations demonstrates the frequent occurrence of deep-sea turbidity currents (an average of six times per year from May 2013 to October 2016), most of which show enhanced sediment flux, raised temperature, and lowered salinity. They are attributed to elevated discharge of the Gaoping River due to typhoons traversing Taiwan. The total duration of these prolonged turbidity currents amounts to 30% of the entire monitoring period, contributing to similar to 72% of total sediment transport in the lower canyon. Our study demonstrates for the first time that typhoons are the most important triggers, in the long term, of frequent turbidity currents and enhanced sediment delivery into the deep sea in the typhoon-river-canyon environment.
Published: 2018
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144. Intra-arc sedimentation in a low-lying marginal arc, Eocene Clarno Formation, central Oregon

Author: Robinson, P [Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, Nova Scotia (Canada). Centre for Marine Geology]
Published: 1993

145. Transfer of environmental signals from the surface to the underground at Ascunsă Cave, Romania

Author: V. Drăguşin, S. Balan, D. Blamart, F. L. Forray, C. Marin, I. Mirea, V. Nagavciuc, I. Orăşeanu, A. Perşoiu, L. Tîrlă, A. Tudorache, M. Vlaicu, Institute of Speleology, Romanian Academy, National Institute for Marine Geology and Geoecology, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, lcsh:Technology, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, Cave, Environmental monitoring, Organic matter, Precipitation, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:GE1-350, Hydrology, chemistry.chemical_classification, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, lcsh:T, Stable isotope ratio, Moisture recycling, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Karst, lcsh:G, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Meteoric water, Geology
Abstract: We present here the results of a 4-year environmental monitoring program at Ascunsă Cave (southwestern Romania) designed to help us understand how climate information is transferred through the karst system and archived by speleothems. The air temperature inside the cave is around 7 °C, with slight differences between the upper and lower parts of the main passage. CO2 concentrations in cave air have a seasonal signal, with summer minima and winter maxima. These might indicate the existence of an organic matter reservoir deep within the epikarst that continues to decompose over the winter, and CO2 concentrations are possibly modulated by seasonal differences in cave ventilation. The maximum values of CO2 show a rise after the summer of 2014, from around 2000 to about 3500 ppm, following a rise in surface temperature. Using two newly designed types of water–air equilibrators, we were able to determine the concentration of CO2 dissolved in drip water by measuring its concentration in the equilibrator headspace and then using Henry's law to calculate its concentration in water. This method opens the possibility of continuous data logging using infrared technology, without the need for costly and less reliable chemical determinations. The local meteoric water line (δ2H = 7.7 δ18O + 10.1), constructed using monthly aggregated rainfall samples, is similar to the global one, revealing the Atlantic as the strongly dominant vapor source. The deuterium excess values, as high as 17 ‰, indicate that precipitation has an important evaporative component, possibly given by moisture recycling over the European continent. The variability of stable isotopes in drip water is similar at all points inside the cave, suggesting that the monitored drip sites are draining a homogenous reservoir. Drip rates, as well as stable isotopes, indicate that the transfer time of water from the surface is on the order of a few days.
Published: 2017
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146. Foraminiferal εNd in the deep north-western subtropical Pacific Ocean: Tracing changes in weathering input over the last 30,000 years

Author: Christophe Colin, Franck Bassinot, Eric Douville, Qiong Wu, Giuseppe Siani, Zhifei Liu, Quentin Dubois-Dauphin, François Thil, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Holocene climatic optimum, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, biology.organism_classification, Monsoon, 01 natural sciences, Foraminifera, Oceanography, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Circumpolar deep water, River mouth, 14. Life underwater, Glacial period, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Holocene, Sea level, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: This study focuses on the neodymium isotopic composition (eNd) of mixed planktonic foraminifera species in sediment cores collected on the north-western margin of the South China Sea (SCS) and in the western equatorial Pacific. The aim was to identify temporal changes in the eNd of the Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) during its northward penetration in the western subtropical Pacific and to re-evaluate the significance of deep-water eNd changes at the northern margin of the SCS over the past 25 kyr. The past seawater eNd record derived from sediments of the subtropical western Pacific displays a narrow range from − 2.9 ± 0.3 to − 1.6 ± 0.4. This suggests that the eNd of the UCDW is greatly modified during its northward penetration through the process of boundary exchange along the western volcanic margin of the South Pacific and that the unradiogenic eNd signature of the UCDW observed in the South Pacific (about − 6) has not been propagated beyond the equatorial Pacific, at least not over the last 25 kyr. Seawater eNd values obtained from the northern SCS display large variations with values that are lower (− 6.8 ± 0.3 to − 5.6 ± 0.2) for the last glacial period than for the late Holocene (− 5.7 ± 0.3 to − 4.1 ± 0.2). Such glacial eNd cannot be attributed to a higher proportion of southern-sourced water (SSW) as eNd values of the UCDW in the equatorial western Pacific are more radiogenic than those observed in the SCS. The evolution of the seawater eNd values of the northern SCS during the last glacial period and the last climatic transition is coeval with variations in the contribution of sediments from the Pearl River. The low sea level stand of the last glacial period resulted in a more proximal position of the Pearl River mouth relative to core MD05-2904, which a higher input of freshwater and, in particular, detrital sedimentary particles originating from the Pearl River that partially dissolved during sinking led to a decrease in the seawater eNd along the north-western margin of the SCS. Enhanced rainfalls associated with intensified monsoon and more frequent typhoon activities during the early Holocene Climatic Optimum (from 9 to 7 cal kyr BP) are linked to a decrease in sea surface salinity (lower δ18O values of planktonic foraminifera) and a decrease in eNd values (− 6.2 ± 0.3) induced by lithogenic Nd input from pronounced freshwater and sediment discharge from distal rivers.
Published: 2017
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147. Fingerprinting Northeast Atlantic water masses using neodymium isotopes

Author: Qiong Wu, Norbert Frank, Lucile Bonneau, David Van Rooij, Astrid Waldner, Eric Douville, François Thil, Quentin Dubois-Dauphin, Gilles Reverdin, Paolo Montagna, Christophe Colin, Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, RCMG Ghent, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Interactions et Processus au sein de la couche de Surface Océanique (IPSO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-10-LABX-0018,L-IPSL,LabEx Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL): Understand climate and anticipate future changes(2010), ANR-06-BLAN-0146,NEWTON,NORTH-EST ATLANTIC WATER MASS GEOCHEMICAL TRACERS DURING THE PAST 60 YEARS AND BEYOND(2006), ANR-13-BS06-0003,HAMOC,Dynamique des gyres Nord Atlantique et overturning de la Méditerranée au cours des changements climatiques de l'Holocène(2013), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: gyre circulation, Water mass, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Nd isotopic composition, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, North Atlantic Deep Water, hydrology, Labrador Sea Water, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Alboran Sea, Mediterranean sea, Oceanography, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Geochemistry and Petrology, Circumpolar deep water, Northeast Atlantic, Thermohaline circulation, 14. Life underwater, Surface water, Gulf of Cádiz, Geology, seawater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Dissolved neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition (expressed as ?Nd) has been analysed for 82 seawater samples collected from 13 stations stretching from the Alboran Sea to the Iceland Basin. The distribution of the ?Nd values of water masses was thus investigated for the first time along the western European margin in order to explore whether the water masses flowing in the eastern subpolar and subtropical Atlantic reveal distinct isotopic patterns. The Modified Atlantic Water (MAW) in the Alboran Sea displays ?Nd values (between -9.2 ± 0.2 and -8.9 ± 0.2) that are significantly more radiogenic than those reported in previous studies (-10.8 ± 0.2 to -9.7 ± 0.2), suggesting temporal variations in the Nd isotopic composition of the water that enters the Mediterranean Sea from the Strait of Gibraltar. The ?Nd value of the underlying modified Winter Intermediate Water (WIW) has been established for the first time (-9.8 ± 0.3) and is compatible with a Nd signature acquired from the sinking of MAW in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Within the Gulf of Cádiz, southern Mediterranean Sea Water (MSW) (-10.6 ± 0.2) differs slightly from the northern MSW (-9.9 ± 0.4) owing to a significant contribution of modified East Antarctic Intermediate Water (EAAIW) (-10.9 ± 0.2). In the northeast Atlantic, the North Atlantic Current surface water located in the inter-gyre region (north of 46°N) displays ?Nd values of between -14.0 ± 0.3 and -15.1 ± 0.3, reflecting the subpolar gyre signature. Along the western European margin, ?Nd values of surface water decrease toward the north (from -10.4 ± 1.6 to -13.7 ± 1.0) in agreement with the gradual mixing between subtropical and subpolar water. At intermediate depth, ?Nd values decrease from -9.9 ± 0.4 within the Gulf of Cádiz to -12.1 ± 0.2 within the Porcupine Seabight, indicating a strong dilution of the MSW with subpolar water. Within the Rockall Trough and the Iceland Basin, the more negative ?Nd values at mid-depth (
Published: 2017
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148. Controllable Display of Sequential Enzymes on Yeast Surface with Enhanced Biocatalytic Activity toward Efficient Enzymatic Biofuel Cells

Author: Shuqin Fan, Serge Cosnier, Bo Liang, Xiangjiang Tang, Aihua Liu, Xinxin Xiao, Elisabeth Lojou, Lu Bai, Qingdao University, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques (DCM - BEA ), Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, China Geological Survey, Qingdao 266071, China, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Qingdao University (QDU), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and ANR-16-CE05-0024,Enzymor,Bases moléculaires de l'immobilisation fonctionnelle d'enzymes pour des biopiles performantes(2016)
Subjects: Bioelectric Energy Sources, Starch, Kinetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Catalysis, Glucose Oxidase, chemistry.chemical_compound, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Enzyme Stability, Glucose oxidase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, General Chemistry, Enzymes, Immobilized, Combinatorial chemistry, Yeast, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Enzyme, chemistry, Biocatalysis, biology.protein, Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other, Biosensor
Abstract: A precisely localized enzyme cascade was constructed by integrating two sequential enzymes, glucoamylase (GA) and glucose oxidase (GOx), on a yeast cell surface through an a-agglutinin receptor as the anchoring motif with cohesin-dockerin interaction. The overall catalytic activities of the combinant strains were significantly dependent on the assembly method, enzyme molecular size, enzyme order, and enzyme stoichiometry. The combinant strain with GA-DocC initially bound scaffoldin prior to GOx-DocT exhibited a higher overall reaction rate. The highest overall reaction rate (29.28 ± 1.15 nmol H2O2 min-1mL-1) was achieved when GA/GOx ratio was 2:1 with enzyme order: yeast-GA-GOx-GA, 4-fold enhancement compared to free enzyme mixture. Further, the first example of starch/O2 enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) using codisplayed GA/GOx based bioanodes were assembled, demonstrating excellent direct biomass-to-electricity conversion. The optimized EBFC registered an open-circuit voltage of 0.78 V and maximum power density (Pmax) of 36.1 ± 2.5 μW cm-2, significantly higher than the Pmax for other starch/O2 EBFCs reported so far. Therefore, this work highlights rational organization of sequential enzymes for enhanced biocatalytic activity and stability, which would find applications in biocatalysis, enzymatic biofuel cells, biosensing, and bioelectro-synthesis.
Published: 2020
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149. Large-scale mass wasting on the Miocene continental margin of western India

Author: Sarah Dailey, Yuting Li, Rakesh Saxena, Tara N. Jonell, Anil Kumar, Manish Tiwari, Giancarlo Scardia, Rajeev Saraswat, Paul B. O'Sullivan, Annette Hahn, Gérôme Calvès, Lisa Tauxe, Sergio Andò, Claire M. Routledge, Boo-Keun Khim, Ravi Mishra, Dhananjai Pandey, Elizabeth M. Griffith, Girish Kumar Sharma, H. Liddy, Nikki E. Neubeck, T. Radhakrishna, James A Bendle, Zhaojie Yu, Jerzy S. Blusztajn, Masao Iwai, Kenta Suzuki, Arun Deo Singh, Denise K. Kulhanek, Mitchell W Lyle, G. P. Gurumurthy, A. Ganesh Kumar, Sophia Aharonovich, Stephan Steinke, Z. Xu, Giovanni Coletti, H. Lu, Peng Zhou, Peter D. Clift, Louisiana State Univ, Texas A&M Univ, Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, UCL, Univ Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, GeoSep Serv, Univ Queensland, Natl Ctr Polar & Ocean Res, Univ Milano Bicocca, Purdue Univ, Univ Birmingham, Macquarie Univ, Ohio State Univ, Birbal Sahni Inst Palaeosci, Univ Bremen, Kochi Univ, Pusan Natl Univ, Wadia Inst Himalayan Geol, Natl Inst Ocean Technol, Columbia Univ, Nanjing Univ, Oregon State Univ, Natl Ctr Earth Sci Studies, Natl Inst Oceanog, Oil & Nat Gas Commiss, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Kumaun Univ, Banaras Hindu Univ, Xiamen Univ, Hokkaido Univ, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Chinese Acad Sci, Louisiana State University (LSU), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), School of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Banaras Hindu University [Varanasi] (BHU), Dipartimento di Scienze Geologiche e Geotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, BITS Pilani, K. K. Birla Campus, Goa (India), Nanjing University (NJU), DEPLAN/IGCE/UNESP, Instituto de Geociencias e Ciencias Exatas, Universidade de São Paulo (USP)-Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado [Boulder], Indian Institute of Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment [China, Institute of Oceanology [China], Dailey, S, Clift, P, Kulhanek, D, Blusztajn, J, Routledge, C, Calvès, G, O’Sullivan, P, Jonell, T, Pandey, D, Ando', S, Coletti, G, Zhou, P, Yuting, L, Neubeck, N, Bendle, J, Aharonovich, S, Griffith, E, Gurumurthy, G, Hahn, A, Iwai, M, Khim, B, Kumar, A, Liddy, H, Huayu, L, Lyle, M, Mishra, R, Radhakrishna, T, Saraswat, R, Saxena, R, Scardia, G, Sharma, G, Singh, A, Steinke, S, Suzuki, K, Tauxe, L, Tiwari, M, Zhaokai, X, and Zhaojie, Y
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mass-transport, Arabian Sea, IODP, heavy-minerals, Nataraja Slide, Expedition 355, Mass wasting, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Continental margin, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Passive margin, 14. Life underwater, Siltstone, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, Geology, Calcarenite, Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Clastic rock, Siliciclastic
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T17:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Charles T. McCord Jr Chair in Petroleum Geology at Louisiana State University Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) National Research Foundation of Korea CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, India A giant mass-transport complex was recently discovered in the eastern Arabian Sea, exceeding in volume all but one other known complex on passive margins worldwide. The complex, named the Nataraja Slide, was drilled by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 355 in two locations where it is similar to 300 m (Site U1456) and similar to 200 m thick (Site U1457). The top of this mass-transport complex is defined by the presence of both reworked microfossil assemblages and deformation structures, such as folding and faulting. The deposit consists of two main phases of mass wasting, each consisting of smaller pulses, with generally fining-upward cycles, all emplaced just prior to 10.8 Ma based on biostratigraphy. The base of the deposit at each site is composed largely of matrix-supported carbonate breccia that is interpreted as the product of debris-flows. In the first phase, these breccias alternate with well-sorted calcar-enites deposited from a high-energy current, coherent limestone blocks that are derived directly from the Indian continental margin, and a few clastic mudstone beds. In the second phase, at the top of the deposit, muddy turbidites dominate and become increasingly more siliciclastic. At Site U1456, where both phases are seen, a 20-m section of hemipelagic mudstone is present, overlain by a similar to 40-m-thick section of calcarenite and slumped interbedded mud and siltstone. Bulk sediment geochemistry, heavy-mineral analysis, clay mineralogy, isotope geochemistry, and detrital zircon U-Pb ages constrain the provenance of the clastic, muddy material to being reworked, Indus-derived sediment, with input from western Indian rivers (e.g., Narmada and Tapti rivers), and some material from the Deccan Traps. The carbonate blocks found within the breccias are shallow-water limestones from the outer western Indian continental shelf, which was oversteepened from enhanced clastic sediment delivery during the mid-Miocene. The final emplacement of the material was likely related to seismicity as there are modern intraplate earthquakes close to the source of the slide. Although we hypothesize that this area is at low risk for future mass wasting events, it should be noted that other oversteepened continental margins around the world could be at risk for mass failure as large as the Nataraja Slide. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, E253 Howe Russell Kniffen Geosci Complex, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA Texas A&M Univ, Int Ocean Discovery Program, 1000 Discovery Dr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA UCL, Dept Earth Sci, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England Univ Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Geosci Environm Toulouse, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France GeoSep Serv, 1521 Pine Cone Rd, Moscow, ID 83843 USA Univ Queensland, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia Natl Ctr Polar & Ocean Res, Vasco Da Gama 403804, Goa, India Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Piazza Sci 4, I-20126 Milan, Italy Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England Macquarie Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, 275 Mendenhall Lab,125 South Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Birbal Sahni Inst Palaeosci, 53 Univ Rd, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India Univ Bremen, MARUM, Leobener Str, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Kochi Univ, Dept Nat Environm Sci, 2-5-1 Akebono Cho, Kochi 7808520, Japan Pusan Natl Univ, Div Earth Environm Syst, Busan 60973, South Korea Wadia Inst Himalayan Geol, 33 GMS Rd, Dehra Dun 248001, Uttrakhand, India Natl Inst Ocean Technol, Marine Biotechnol Dept, Velacheiy Tambaram Main Rd, Chennai 600100, Tamil Nadu, India Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA Nanjing Univ, Sch Geog & Oceanog Sci, 163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 CEOAS Adm Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA Natl Ctr Earth Sci Studies, Geosci Div, Aakkulam Trivandrum 695031, India Natl Inst Oceanog, Geol Oceanog Div, Panaji 403004, Goa, India Oil & Nat Gas Commiss, 11 High,Bandra Sion Link Rd, Mumbai 400017, Maharashtra, India Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Geociencias & Ciencias Exatas, 1515 Ave 24-A, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Kumaun Univ, Dept Geol, Naini Tal 263002, India Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Geol, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India Xiamen Univ, Dept Geol Oceanog, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, Peoples R China Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, Peoples R China Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Environm Sci, Kita Ku, N10W5, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Key Lab Marine Geol & Environm, 7 Nanhai Rd, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Geociencias & Ciencias Exatas, 1515 Ave 24-A, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR): 90/2018 National Research Foundation of Korea: 2016R1A2B4008256 National Research Foundation of Korea: 2019R1A2C1007701
Published: 2020
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150. Late Quaternary coccolith weight variations in the northern South China Sea and their environmental controls

Author: Chuanlian Liu, Xiang Su, Luc Beaufort, State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology [Shanghai], Tongji University, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Gephyrocapsa, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Coccolithophore, Paleontology, Ocean acidification, Plankton, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Coccolith, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, 14. Life underwater, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Emiliania huxleyi
Abstract: International audience; Coccolithophores are one of the most abundant and widespread groups of calcifying plankton and have attracted extensive study in terms of their likely response to ocean acidification. Conflicting results concerning coccolithophore calcification have been reported from both experimental and field studies. Due to their minute size, it is difficult to estimate the amount of calcite in coccoliths. Here we apply the SYRACO system to analyzing the weights and lengths of coccoliths produced by the dominant coccolithophore family Noelaerhabdaceae. We obtain high-resolution coccolith weight and length records of GEO (Gephyrocapsa oceanica) and SPC (Emiliania huxleyi and small Gephyrocapsa spp.) groups from sediment core MD05-2904 in the northern South China Sea (SCS) over the past 200 kyr. A calcification index (CI) based on the coccolith weight and length is applied to evaluate the changes in coccolithophore calcification. The two groups of coccolith weights / CIs show different patterns on long term variations and during the last two terminations. We compare the coccolith weight and CI records with the environmental variables and carbonate chemistry parameters calculated in the same core. Our data reveals that sea surface temperature and insolation have weak correlations to coccolith weight and CI on long-term variations. The SPC weight / CI are correlated with the seawater pH and pCO(2) variations while the GEO weight/ CI are more related to the nutrient variations. This implies a more significant role of ocean carbonate chemistry in the calcification of less calcified coccolithophores and nutrient concentration in the heavier calcifying coccolithophores.
Published: 2020
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