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Background:The shoulder is the most complex joint in the body. The large freedom of motion in this joint is the main cause of instability. Instability varies in its degree, direction, etiology and volition and there is a large spectrum of conditions.Methods:Based on literature research and also in our own experience, we propose to elucidate the reader about the natural history of instability and its importance for the appropriate management of this pathology, by answering the following questions:What happens in the shoulder after the first dislocation? Which structures suffer damage? Who are the patients at higher risk of recurrence? How does the disease evolve without treatment? Will surgical treatment avoid future negative outcomes and prevent degenerative joint disease? Who should we treat and when?Results:80% of anterior-inferior dislocations occur in young patients. Recurrent instability is common and multiple dislocations are the rule. Instability is influenced by a large number of variables, including age of onset, activity profile, number of episodes,delay between first episode and surgical treatment.Conclusion:Understanding the disease and its natural evolution is determinant to decide the treatment in order to obtain the best outcome. It is crucial to identify the risk factors for recurrence. Delay in surgical treatment, when indicated, leads to worse results. Surgical technique should address the type and severity of both soft tissue and bone lesions, when present.

Submitted by Iolanda Valente (ivalente@iscap.ipp.pt) on 2019-12-05T16:18:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria_Teresa_Garrido_MIEN_2019.pdf: 3076719 bytes, checksum: 9cfeb38193da53fb45e6c23dde7d289a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-12-05T16:18:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria_Teresa_Garrido_MIEN_2019.pdf: 3076719 bytes, checksum: 9cfeb38193da53fb45e6c23dde7d289a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-11-20

Menadžerska etika ili etičko ponašanje menadžera je najvažniji uvjet da bi poduzeće uspješno poslovalo i bilo na korist široj društvenoj zajednici. Kada govorimo o menadžerskoj etici misli se na ponašanje menadžera koje bi trebalo slijedit općeprihvaćene norme jednakih ljudskih prava, solidarnosti i poštivanja zakona prilikom poslovanja. Glavni način na koji se odvija neetično ponašanje menadžera je korupcija iz koje proizlaze svi ostali oblici neetičnog ponašanja u poslovanju kao štetna društvena pojava koja narušava temeljne društvene vrijednosti. Neetično ponašanje menadžera se događa kada on zbog osobne koristi zanemaruje opće interese koje je dužan štititi obzirom na zakone i ovlasti koje ima dok upravlja poslovanjem. Postoji individualna korupcija koja je prisutna u svim područjima ljudskog djelovanja i koja je najraširenija dok institucionalna korupcija utječe na raspadanje vrijednosti u društvu jer uzrokuje strah, neizvjesnost i pad morala kod većine građana. Najrašireniji vidovi korupcije su primanje i davanje mita, nesavjesno poslovanje, protuzakonito poslovanje. Sprječavanje korupcije je obveza u svakom poduzeću na svim razinama poslovanja a najvažniji način je uspostava unutarnjih kontrola. Unutarnje kontrole imaju zadatak da prate poslovanje i onemogućavaju koruptivno ponašanje. U zadnjoj cjelini rada upoznat ćemo se sa praksom na koji način se uspostavljaju unutarnje kontrole u tvrtki Plovput sa zadatkom da osiguraju etično poslovanje ove javne tvrtke., Manager ethics or ethical behaviour of the manager is the most important condition for the company to successfuly make business or be of use to any wider social community. When we´re talking about manager ethics, we`re actually talking about manager behaviour which should follow the norms of human rights, solidarity and respect of the laws while doing business. The main way that unethical manager behaviour happens is corruption, from which come all the other types of unethical behaviour in business, they are harmful to society and disrupt the core societal values. Unethical manager behaviour happens when the manager, for personal benefit, disregards the interests that he is supposed to protect regarding to laws jurisdiction which he has while managing a business. There also exists individual corruption which is present in all aspects of human functioning, it`s the most widespread while institutional corruption affects the downfall of values in our society because it causes fear and falterinf of morale in most citizens. The most widespread types of corruption are giving and receiving bribes, doing business without a conscience and illegal business. Stopping corruption is a task in every business on all levels of managment, but the most important part is establishing internal controls. Internal controls have the task to monitor business and stop corruptional behaviour. In the last ensemble of the paper, we`re going to introduce ourselves to the way of establishing internal control in the company Plovput with the task to secure ethical business of this public firm.

Ovaj rad će dati pregled stanja u kulturi i kulturnim djelatnostima u Hrvatskoj, s naglaskom na muzeje i na brojke u kulturnim djelatnostima te pregled organizacije muzeja. Nastojat će se uočiti problem u povezivanju menadžmenta i marketinga s kulturnim djelatnostima i institucijama. S opreznim pristupom marketingu i njegovanjem kulture, za strah nema razloga. This paper will give an overview of the situation in culture and cultural activities in Croatia, with an emphasis on museums and figures in cultural activities, and an overview of the organization of museums. An effort will be made to identify the problem of linking management and marketing with cultural activities and institutions. With a cautious approach to marketing and nurturing a culture, there is no reason to fear.

141 p, Withing the framework of the professional practice conducted by the Marketing and Advertising Program related to the Faculty of Economic, Administrative and Accounting Science at Universidad de Santander, it was established the management of the contest Premios Élite a la Creatividad en Marketing y Publicidad 2019, XIX version. This activity required a series of tasks such as planning, organization, execution and control, for the successful development of the event Premios Élite a la Creatividad en Marketing y Publicidad in its nineteenth version, counting with the official and exclusive sponsorship of the cooperative of savings and loan or credit union Cooprofesores. To guarantee the achievement of the stated goals a methodology was implemented consisting in planning and managing the requirements for each of the contest phases (launching, proposal, Short-list, defense and award ceremony). Besides, determining the communication channels according to the audience the message was directed to and regarding the phase developed at the time. Finally, structuring a communication plan contemplating online and offline means which allow efficient and opportune communication. This methodology will be the foundation to leave evidence and will also work as a pilot proposal for the organization of events with similar dimension facilitating their execution and boosting continuous improvement., Dentro de la práctica profesional realizada en el Programa de Mercadeo y Publicidad vinculado a la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Administrativas y Contables de la Universidad de Santander se estableció la gestión del concurso Premios Élite a la Creatividad en Marketing y Publicidad 2019, versión XIX. Esta actividad requirió una serie de labores tales como: planeación, organización, ejecución y control, para el efectivo desarrollo del evento: Premios Élite a la Creatividad en Marketing y Publicidad en su décima novena versión, contando con el patrocinio oficial y exclusivo de la cooperativa de ahorro y crédito Cooprofesores. Para garantizar el logro de los objetivos planteados se desarrolló una metodología que consistió en planificar y gestionar los requerimientos para cada una de las fases que contiene el concurso (lanzamiento, convocatoria, Short-list, sustentaciones y premiación), determinar los canales de comunicación según el público al que iría dirigido el mensaje y según la fase que estuviera en desarrollo y estructurar un plan de comunicación contemplando medios online y offline, los cuales permitieran una comunicación efectiva y oportuna. Esta metodología será el cimiento para dejar evidencia y servirá de propuesta piloto para la organización de eventos con similar dimensión, facilitando la ejecución e impulsando el mejoramiento continuo., Pregrado, Profesional en Mercadeo y Publicidad, 1 Generalidades ........................................................................................................................ 14 1.1 Descripción de la Práctica ............................................................................................. 14 1.2 Justificación .................................................................................................................. 16 1.3 Objetivos ....................................................................................................................... 18 1.3.1 Objetivo general. ....................................................................................................... 18 1.3.2 Objetivos específicos ................................................................................................ 18 1.4 Metodología .................................................................................................................. 19 1.5 Cronograma de Actividades .......................................................................................... 22 2 Planeación de las etapas de los XIX Premios Élite a la Creatividad en Marketing y Publicidad ..................................................................................................................................... 25 2.1 Público objetivo ............................................................................................................ 25 2.2 Copy de la XIX versión de los Premios Élite ............................................................... 25 2.3 Concepto gráfico de la XIX versión de los Premios Élite ............................................ 26 2.4 Brief cooperativa Cooprofesores .................................................................................. 28 2.5 Lanzamiento .................................................................................................................. 28 2.6 Convocatoria ................................................................................................................. 29 2.7 Plan de comunicación ................................................................................................... 29 2.8 Planeador producción gráfica ....................................................................................... 30 2.9 Canales y medios de comunicación .............................................................................. 35 2.9.1 Instagram................................................................................................................... 35 2.9.2 Correo Electrónico. ................................................................................................... 38 2.9.3 Página Web. .............................................................................................................. 40 2.9.4 Publicidad impresa. ................................................................................................... 45 2.9.5 La U Radio 107.7 y La Mega Bucaramanga............................................................. 50 2.9.6 Canales institucionales .............................................................................................. 51 2.9.7 Actividades Pedagógicas. ......................................................................................... 53 2.10 Inscripciones ................................................................................................................. 57 2.11 Short-list ........................................................................................................................ 61 2.12 Entrega de propuestas ................................................................................................... 62 2.13 Selección de la Short-list .............................................................................................. 63 2.14 Presentación de la Short-List ........................................................................................ 65 2.15 Sustentaciones ............................................................................................................... 67 2.16 Ceremonia de Premiación ............................................................................................. 70 2.17 Ganadores de los Premios Élite XIX versión ............................................................... 72 3 Consecución de recursos ....................................................................................................... 75 3.1 Presupuesto Ejecutado .................................................................................................. 75 3.2 Relación agencias Inscritas ........................................................................................... 77 4 Evaluación de procesos de cada etapa del evento ................................................................. 81 4.1 Instrumento ................................................................................................................... 82 4.2 Población y muestra ...................................................................................................... 84 4.3 Resultados ..................................................................................................................... 85 5 CONCLUSIONES ................................................................................................................ 93 6 RECOMENDACIONES ....................................................................................................... 95, Ej. 1

La calidad en el servicio se ha adquirido de mucha importancia en los últimos años en todos los negocios, debido a que los clientes actualmente tienen expectativas muy elevadas y las competencias son mayores, ya que cada empresa trata de igualarse o exceder dichas expectativas. Se deben ofrecer buenos servicios de calidad y anticiparse para responder a una amplia de necesidades de los clientes. La calidad en el servicio no solamente se trata de cómo saber manejar un producto, si no como servir a los clientes antes y después de su manejo. Es por eso que la calidad en el servicio es utilizada en las organizaciones como dicha herramienta de diferenciación., {"references":["Álvarez, M. (2006). Introducción a la Calidad: aproximación a los sistemas de gestión y herramientas de Calidad. España: Ed. Ideas Propias","Blanco, P. (2001). Atención al Cliente. México: Pirámide","Bonta P. & Faber M. . (2003). Preguntas sobreMarketing y Publicidad. México: Norma","Hernández, Fernández & Baptista. (2010). Metodología de la Investigación. México: Mc Graw Hill","Kotler & Armstrong, G. (2004). Principles of Marketing. New Jersey: Pearson 10th edition","Kotler Bloom & Hayes, P. P. (2004). El Marketing de Servicios Profesionales. España: Paidós","Kotler, P. (2012). Marketing. México: Pearson","Lamb Hair & McDaniel, C. (2005). Fundamentos de Marketing. Madrid. España: Paraninfo","Méndez A., C. (1995). Metodología: Guíapara elaborar diseños de investigación en ciencias económicas, contables y administrativas. México: McGraw Hill","Morales & Hernández. (12 de abril de 2004). La Calidad y su Gestión. Obtenido 24Revista GEON Vol 5 No 2 julio diciembre 2018ISSN 2346-3910 En línea Revista GEON Vol 6No 2julio diciembre 2019La atención al cliente, el servicio,el producto y el precio como variables determinantes de la satisfacción del cliente en una pyme de servicios,Nemecio Valenzuela Salazar, Clara Buentello Martínez, Lilia Gómez, VerónicaVillarreal Sánchez, 18-24de http://www.efdeportes.com/efd76/calidad.htm","Sandhusen, L. (2002). Mercadotecnia Internacional. México: Thompson.","SangriCoral, A. (2008). Introducción a la Mercadotecnia. México: Patria","Solorzano Barrera, G. J. (30 de Septiembre de 2013). Importancia de la calidad del servicio al cliente para el funcionamiento de las empresas. El Buzón de Pacioli(82), 25. Recuperado el 16de noviembre de 2018, de http://www.itson.mx/publicaciones/pacioli/Documents/no82/Pacioli-82pdf","Welch S, & Comer J. (1988). Quantitative Methods for Public Administration: Techniques and Applications. U.S.A: Books/ Cole Publishing Co"]}

In the world the number of visits to the Emergency Department are increasing. LUHS KK same trends are observed in the Emergency Department and about half of the visits are made by the self-arriving patients. To optimize patient care working order was changed aiming to reduce the duration of length of stay, which is one of the most common quality management indicators.

Объектом исследования данной работы является магазин спор-тивного питания «Место силы». Целью выпускной квалификационной работы является анализ развития товарооборота в ООО «Место силы» и определение путей его роста. В работе дано теоретическое обоснование оборота торговой организации, проведен анализ регионального товарооборота в Санкт-Петербурге, приведена организационно-экономическая Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸ÐºÐ° ООО «Место силы». Также произведен анализ товарооборота и факторов, Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ñ‹Ð²Ð°ÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° него влияние, осу-ществлены планирование товарооборота и оценка эффективности Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð¿Ñ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ð¹., The object of the study of this work is a sports nutrition store «Mesto sily». The purpose of the final qualifying work is to analyze the development of trade in LLC «Mesto sily» and determine the ways of its growth. The paper gives a theoretical justification for the turnover of trade organizations, the analysis of regional trade turnover in St. Petersburg, gives organizational and economic characteristics of "Place of power". And gives the analysis of trade turnover and the factors influencing it was also carried out, the planning of trade turnover and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed measures were carried out.

[ES] El objetivo del trabajo consiste en diseñar una aplicación que gestione la productividad y los pedidos de una empresa, dando respuesta a la necesidad de una empresa real. Se pretende implementar dicha solución utilizando tecnologías web., [EN] The objective of the project is to design an application that manages the productivity and orders of a company, responding to the need of a real company. It is intended to implement this solution using web technologies.

O abastecimento de água e o acesso ao saneamento básico são essenciais para a vida humana. A água é muito mais do que um bem ou mercadoria indispensáveis ao crescimento e desenvolvimento, é um Direito Humano de primeira necessidade. Não tendo a humanidade o seu gozo pleno, quer pela sua falta em determinadas regiões, quer pela deficiente distribuição deste recurso natural. Porém, os recursos hídricos têm sido utilizados a uma taxa superior à sua capacidade de reposição, originando problemas de escassez hídrica. A maior parte das doenças relacionadas com a água advêm do inadequado acesso ou inexistente acesso ao saneamento básico, provocando doenças, muitas vezes, mortais. A cobertura do saneamento básico encontra-se atrasada, comparativamente com o sector de abastecimento de água, devendo-se a um conjunto de características de cada país, tal como as condições socioeconómicas, o próprio clima e o investimento na evolução das infraestruturas. Constata-se que a taxa de utilização de água é elevada devido aos desperdícios e consumos descontrolados, sendo que os Estados e as organizações internacionais não têm conseguido desenvolver medidas capazes de travar o seu mau uso, bem como de ultrapassar a escassez da água em algumas regiões do globo. A nível Internacional existem avanços significativos para elevar a qualidade de vida, alargar a cobertura de saneamento, principalmente nas zonas rurais, sensibilizar e informar as comunidades das consequências das más condutas humanas. Contudo, todas as medidas implementadas, quer pelos Estados, quer através de organizações internacionais não têm sido suficientes para a concretização plena dos direitos proclamados. Em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável e da pressão da sociedade visando a melhoria da qualidade de vida, algumas empresas e organizações em geral têm adotado, voluntariamente, políticas ao nível da responsabilidade social e cooperativa. Todavia, os esforços não são suficientes, sendo urgente a cooperação, não só das empresas, organizações e Estados, mas de toda a comunidade internacional. Water supply and access to basic sanitation are essential for human life. Water is much more than a good or commodity indispensable to growth and development, it is a Human Right of first necessity. Humanity does not enjoy its full enjoyment either by its lack in certain regions or by the deficient distribution of this natural resource. However, water resources have been used at a higher rate to its spare capacity, resulting in problems of water scarcity. Most of the diseases related to water arise from inadequate access or no access to basic sanitation, causing conditions often deadly. The coverage of basic sanitation is lagging compared to the water supply sector, due to a set of characteristics of each country, such as socio-economic conditions, climate and investment in infrastructure developments. It is noted that the rate of water use is high due to uncontrolled waste and consumption, and States and international organizations have not been able to develop measures capable of curbing their misuse, as well as overcoming water scarcity in some regions of the globe. At the International level, significant progress has been made in raising the quality of life, expanding sanitation coverage, especially in rural areas, raising awareness and informing communities of the consequences of the greatest human conduct. However, all the measures implemented, either by the States or through international organizations, have not been sufficient for the full realization of the proclaimed rights. In the interest of sustainable development and societal pressure aimed at improving the quality of life, some companies and organizations in general have voluntarily adopted policies on social and cooperative responsibility. However, efforts are not enough, and cooperation is urgently needed not only by businesses, organizations and States, but also by the international community as a whole.

Prihodi sportskih klubova u Republici Hrvatskoj se dijele na izvanproračunske, proračunske te one prihode od građana. Klubovi se u Hrvatskoj velikom većinom financiraju iz proračuna, pa stoga možemo zaključiti da oni imaju proračunske prihode. Takav način i model financiranja nisu najkvalitetniji te sport upravljan na takav način neće postati nikada samoodrživ, a to bi trebao biti glavni cilj. Sport kao djelatnost ima veliku ulogu, kako u društvenom tako i u ekonomskom te političkom životu, te je zbog njegovog značaja nužno kvalitetno organizirati sustav koji će pružiti svim klubovima ulazak na tržište, neće narušavati tržišnu utakmicu, te će biti regulator u sferi upravljanja financijama.Zbog svoje kompleksnosti i širine funkcija koje sport ispunjava, problem financiranja sporta i njegova upravljanja je očit u svim zemljama bez obzira na njihovu razinu razvoja. Prepoznavanje ovog problema te ujedno i njegovo rješavanje bi doprinijelo razvoju hrvatskog gospodarstva, stoga je nužno isti prepoznati. The revenues of sports clubs in the Republic of Croatia are divided into extrabudgetary, budget and income from citizens. Clubs in Croatia are largely financed from the budget, so we can conclude that they have budget revenues. Such a way and the financing model are not the best, and sport managed in such a way will never become self-sustaining, and that should be the main goal. Sport as an activity has a major role both in social and economic and political life, and because of its importance it is necessary to organize a system that will provide all the clubs with market entry, will not distort the market competition and be a regulator in the field of financial management. its complexity and breadth of functions that sport meets, the problem of sport financing and its management is evident in all countries regardless of their level of development. Recognizing this problem and at the same time solving it would contribute to the development of the Croatian economy, so it is necessary to recognize it.

O objetivo deste estudo é, através de uma análise comparativa entre o Crowdfunding do tipo Empréstimo e o sector financeiro, estudar qual a opção mais vantajosa do ponto de vista do financiador/investidor e do ponto de vista do promotor/criador. Para tal, foi efetuada uma análise à base de dados da plataforma Raize e uma análise exploratória do sector bancário português. De forma a apurar qual a forma de financiamento mais vantajosa, foram considerados os critérios Rentabilidade e Risco, do ponto de vista do financiador/investidor, enquanto do ponto de vista do promotor/criador foi considerado o critério Taxa de Juro. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo evidenciam que, com base nos critérios considerados, do ponto de vista do financiador/investidor é mais vantajoso investir no Crowdfunding do tipo Empréstimo do que em produtos do sector bancário, enquanto do ponto de vista do promotor/criador é mais vantajoso solicitar um empréstimo através do sector bancário do que recorrendo ao Crowdfunding. Este estudo demonstra o crescimento do Crowdfunding em Portugal tornandose num novo player no mercado de investimento e de financiamento, contribuindo para a diversificação das alternativas quer do financiamento das empresas quer de investimento para os investidores. The objective of this study is, through a comparative analysis between Crowdfunding of the Loan type and the banking sector, to study which is the most advantageous option from the point of view of the financier/investor and from the point of view of the promoter/creator. For this, an analysis was conducted based on data from Raize platform and an exploratory analysis of the Portuguese banking sector. In order to determine the most advantageous form of financing, the Profitability and Risk criteria were used from the perspective of the financier/investor, while from the perspective of the promoter/creator, the Interest Rate criteria was used. The results obtained in this study show that from the financier/investor perspective it is more advantageous to invest in Crowdfunding of the Loan type than in the banking sector, while from the promoter/creator point of view it is more advantageous to apply for a loan through the banking sector than by using Crowdfunding of the Loan type. This study demonstrates the growth of Crowdfunding in Portugal becoming a new player in the investment and financing market, contributing to the diversification of the alternatives of both corporate financing and investment for investors.

International audience

Cilj ovog završnog rada je ukazati na vaţnost ljudskih potencijala u organizacijama kao temeljne pretpostavke obavljanja djelatnosti, jer oni svojim znanjem, koje je u današnje doba najvrednije, pokreću sve ostale resurse. Menadţment moţe jedino radom s drugima i uz pomoć drugih ostvariti ciljeve poslovnih organizacija, a za to mora posjedovati znanja i vještine upravljanja ljudima. Kvalitetno upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima omogućuje ostvarenje ciljeva poduzeća. Zbog jake konkurencije kojom su danas poduzeća okruţena, kroz strategije koje razvijaju, pokušavaju postići i one minimalne prednosti u odnosu na konkurenciju. U toj borbi za opstanak daljnji razvoj i ostvarivanje profita upravo je upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima prepoznat kao moćan alat za postizanje uspješnosti i poslovne uĉinkovitosti poduzeća. Svaka organizacija mora osobitu paţnju posvetiti upravo organizaciji i upravljanju ljudskim resursima jer u današnje vrijeme uspješne od neuspješnih organizacija se razlikuju u kvaliteti i motiviranosti ljudskih resursa. Nacionalni park Plitviĉka jezera je najstariji, najveći i najposjećeniji nacionalni park u Hrvatskoj zahvaljujući prirodnom fenomenu i dobro razraĊenom sustavu upravljanja ljudskim potencijalima. The object of this thesis is to point out the importance of human resources in organizations as a fundamental precondition for carrying out business activities: with their knowledge, which is nowadays, in digital age, of utmost importance, they propel all the other resources. Only by working with others and helping others, management can achieve the goals of business organizations, for which the knowledge and skills of people management are necessary. Quality management of human resources enables the achievement of company goals. Due to the competitive atmosphere that surrounds today's market, strategies are developed in an attempt to achieve even the minimal advantages over the competition. In this struggle to survive and to further develop and make profit, it is the management of human capital that is recognized as a powerful tool in achieving success and professional effectiveness of a company. Every organization must pay special attention to the organization and management of human resources, because nowadays successful organizations differ from the unsuccessful ones in the quality and motivation of human resources. The National Park Plitvice Lakes is the oldest, biggest and most visited national park in Croatia, which is the result of its natural values but also of the Park’s exemplary and elaborate system of human resources.

National audience

Diplomski projekt z naslovom Vodenje v gradbenih podjetjih obsega analizo vodenja gradbenega podjetja Gradbena mehanizacija, prevozi in trgovina – Babič David, s. p., ki se ukvarja s storitvami z gradbeno mehanizacijo, prevozi razsutega tovora, nizkimi gradnjami in trgovino. Teoretični del projekta obsega teorijo na temo vodenja, planiranja, organizacije ter nadzora procesov v organizacijah. V sklopu vodenja smo se osredotočili na sestavne dele in stile vodenja, značilnosti in lastnosti vodij, komunikacijo in motivacijo ter spodbujanje. V sklopu planiranja, organizacije in nadziranja gradbenih procesov pa smo opisali pomen planiranja, organizacije in nadzora dela v gradbenem podjetju. V aplikativnem delu projekta smo z anketnim vprašalnikom ugotavljali razlike med tem, kako vodenje dojemajo oz. razumejo zaposleni in vodje v izbranem podjetju. Zastavljeno hipotezo diplomskega projekta smo potrdili, saj smo z raziskavo dokazali, da med zaposlenimi in vodjami podjetja obstajajo razlike glede dojemanja vodenja. Največji razliki v razumevanju vodenja med obravnavanima ciljnima skupinama sta povezani z enakopravnim obravnavanjem zaposlenih ter upoštevanjem zdravstvenega stanja in počutja zaposlenih, kjer zaposleni izražajo manj optimistična stališča kot jih ocenjuje vodstvo. Najmanjše razlike med mnenji vodstva in zaposlenih pa so pri trditvah glede prisotnosti vodij pri nadzoru zaposlenih ter motiviranju zaposlenih. My thesis titled Leadership in construction companies encompasses the leadership analysis of an construction company »Gradbena mehanizacija, prevozi in trgovina - Babič David s.p« which deals with services that require construction machinery, bulk cargo transport, low rise construction and trade. The theoretical part of this thesis includes theory regarding leadership, management, and process planning in organizations. On the topic of leadership, we have focused on key components and styles of leading, characteristics and traits of leaders, communication and motivation. On the topic of planning, organization and supervision of construction processes, we have described the meaning of planning, organizing and and supervision of work in a construction company. In the applicable part of this thesis we used a survey questionarre to ascertain the differences in perception of management between the actual management and employees in our chosen company. The set hypothesis was confirmed, as it was proven by research, that the differences in perception between management and employees do exist. The biggest differences between the perception of management of the studied target groups were linked by equal employee treatment and recognition of the health status and welfare of employees, where employees stated less optimistic points of view than the management. The smallest differences between employee and management opinions however, appeared at statements regarding employee supervision and motivation.

Amphidromous gobies, especially those of the Sicydiinae subfamily, represent most of the diversity and abundance of the freshwater fish assemblages in tropical islands. These species spawn in rivers, spend months in the ocean as pelagic larvae and return to freshwater to grow and reproduce. This doctoral thesis aims at describing the phenology and some mechanisms of the dynamics of migration in freshwater of two Sicydiinae species in Réunion Island: Sicyopterus lagocephalus and Cotylopus acutipinnis. These studies highlighted that larval downstream migration to the sea, immediately after hatching, occurs mainly during austral summer and a few hours after sunset in downstream reaches. Seasonal and daily fluctuations of the flow regime also greatly influence the abundances, the transport duration from spawning site to the sea and the survival of larvae during their downstream migration. After their return to the freshwater, juveniles settle in the watersheds from the estuary to the most upstream reaches. The highest abundances of juveniles migrating to upstream reaches are observed during low flow conditions at the end of the afternoon. Finally, locomotor performances are better for S. lagocephalus compared to C. acutipinnis. These better locomotor performances, supported by more diverse morphologies, are among the factors explaining the presence of S. lagocephalus from Eastern Pacific Ocean to Western Indian Ocean when C. acutipinnis is endemic to the Mascarenes Archipelago. Based on the results obtained in this doctoral thesis, management and conservation recommendations are suggested especially for the restoration of fish passage at several migration barriers such as dams and weirs., Les gobies amphidromes et, en particulier, ceux de la sous famille des Sicydiinae représentent une part importante de la diversité et de l'abondance des peuplements de poissons d'eau douce des îles tropicales. Ces espèces se reproduisent dans les rivières et ont une phase larvaire marine pendant plusieurs mois avant de retourner croitre et maturer en eau douce. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'acquérir des connaissances concernant la phénologie des dynamiques de migration en eau douce de deux espèces de Sicydiinae de La Réunion, Sicyopterus lagocephalus et Cotylopus acutipinnis et les mécanismes qui peuvent en être à l'origine. Ces études montrent que la dévalaison des larves vers la mer immédiatement après leur éclosion avait principalement lieu pendant l'été austral et en début de nuit dans les zones aval. Le débit des cours d'eau et ses fluctuations saisonnières et journalières jouent un rôle prépondérant dans cette dynamique de dévalaison en termes d'abondances de larves dérivant, de temps de dévalaison jusqu'à la mer et de survie des larves. Après leur arrivée en eau douce, les juvéniles vont coloniser l'ensemble des zones des bassins versants. Les plus fortes abondances de juvéniles en migration vers les zones amont sont observées en fin d'étiage et pendant l'après-midi. Enfin, S. lagocephalus présente des performances locomotrices supérieures à celles de C. acutipinnis soutenues par des morphologies plus diverses. Ces meilleures performances, soutenues par des morphologies plus diverses, sont l'un des facteurs qui peuvent expliquer la large aire de répartition de S. lagocephalus, présent dans les océans Indien et Pacifique, par rapport à C. acutipinnis qui est endémique de l’archipel des Mascareignes. Des recommandations de gestion, permettant principalement de restaurer la continuité biologique au niveau des barrages, sont faites au regard des résultats obtenus durant cette thèse.

Zadatak i cilj dobrog menadžera svake organizacije je da na pravi način doprinese maksimalnom iskorištavanju resursa u svrhu ostvarivanja interesa i ciljeva organizacije .Možemo reći da su ljudi najvažniji kapital za ostvarivanje ciljeva organizacije. No ipak do danas se tom najvažnijem resursu u praksi pridavalo najmanje pažnje. Naš zadatak je da to stanje promijenimo i da, što detaljnijim proučavanjem materije upravljanja ljudskim resursima, doprinesemo što boljem statusu radnika u organizacijama a time i boljem statusu radnika u društvu i cjelini. Brojni se teški zadatci stavljaju pred managment ljudskih potencijala u budućnosti. Osim motivacijskih teorija, teoretskog znanja iz managmenta moraju imati i znanja iz područja organizcije i psihologije. Osim toga vrlo važna je i precizna procijena uspiješnosti zaposlenika, nepristrano ocijenjivanje, te omogućavanje njihovog daljnjeg razvoja. Od neizrecive je važnosti također i politika dobrih međuljudskih odnosa, uključivanje radnika u proces odlučivanja, davanje veće odgovornosti, ali i potpuno točno prosuđivanje njihovih zasluga kako bi oni stekli potpuno povijerenje u taj susatav. The task and objective of good managers of any organization is to properly contribute to the maximum utilization of resources in order to achieve the interests and goals of the organization.We could say that the people are the most important capital for achieving the goals of the organization. Yet, to this day this most important resource has had the least attention. Our task is to change this situation, and with a more detailed examination of the matter we contribute to a better status of workers in the organizations and thus the better the status of workers in society.A number of heavy tasks have been put before management of human resources in the future. In addition to motivational theory, theoretical knowledge of managment preople must have knowledge in the field of organization and psychology also. Beside that, importance must be given to precise evaluation of employees results, objective rating and allowing employees further progress. Of great importance is also the politics of good interpersonal relationships, employee involvement in process of making decisions and giving them greater responsibility as the full and precise judgement of their worth so they could completely acquire trust of the system.

Le management interculturel recouvre la gestion des équipes lors des rapprochements d'entreprise, la négociation de contrats, les transferts internationaux des outils de gestion, les aspects intergénérationnels, la performance d'équipes multiculturelles de travail, les actions de formation comme l'expérience subjective d'intégration de futurs expatriés et de leurs familles en terres étrangères.Gestion de la diversité, mobilité des expatriés, communication à distance, performance des équipes multiculturelles, organisations apprenantes... autant de thèmes de profonde actualité qui sont explorés dans cet ouvrage original. Autant d'occasions aussi de déconstruire certaines idées reçues sur la reconnaissance des différences.Ce livre vise à faire un état des lieux des recherches interculturelles les plus influentes en France et dans les champs francophones du travail sur les quarante dernières années. Dans un pays qui est véritablement lui-même que s'il attire à lui et valorise les idées et intelligences venues d'ailleurs, ce livre propose d'abriter ces productions au sein de trois courants principaux de recherche et d'action. S'appuyant à la fois sur des apports sociologiques, des enseignements anthropologiques et des considérations actuelles propres à la discipline de la gestion, cet ouvrage cherche à revenir sur les présupposés conceptuels qui irriguent les recherches de ce champ très composite nommé « interculturel » dans la sphère du travail et à cerner des perspectives nouvelles de développement disciplinaire pour le concept de culture. Si jusqu'à présent les explications en termes de cultures nationales ont été favorisées, le management interculturel entre dans un âge de raison et se doit aussi d'intégrer à son questionnement le lien nécessaire entre cultures et identités, entre force des ancrages collectifs et singularités des trajectoires individuelles.

Straipsnyje analizuojami teoriniai ir praktiniai socialinės globos įstaigų, dirbančių su senyvo amžiaus asmenimis, teikiamų paslaugų kokybės rodikliai. Socialinių paslaugų kokybė analizuojama socialinių paslaugų kokybės vadybos kontekste, atsižvelgiant į socialinių paslaugų ir jų gavėjų pokyčius (transformaciją). Socialinės globos paslaugų gavėjams būtina užtikrinti kokybiškas paslaugas. Problemą nusako nepakankamas dėmesys socialinės globos įstaigų teikiamų paslaugų kokybės vadybai, kokybės vertinimui bei paslaugų kokybės vertinimo rodikliams, kurie yra svarbūs paslaugų kokybės principus vertinant įstaigų vadovams ir skirtingų pareigybių darbuotojams. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti socialinės globos įstaigų vadovų požiūrį į teikiamų paslaugų atitikimą 10 EQAS kokybės kriterijams. Atskleidžiamas socialinės globos įstaigų vadovų požiūris į teikiamų paslaugų kokybę, pritaikius EQUASS (Europos socialinių paslaugų kokybės sistemą), (The European Quality in Social Services) modelį. Empiriniams duomenims surinkti 2017 m. atliktas kiekybinis tyrimas. Tyrimo metodas – anketinė apklausa. Socialinių paslaugų kokybė vertinama ir klausimynas sudarytas remiantis EQUASS metodika. Tyrime naudojami EQUASS kokybės principai, skaidant juos į smulkesnius kokybės kriterijus, leido atskleisti specifinius veiklos efektyvumo rodiklius, kurie rodo pasiekiamą įstaigos vadovų veiklos efektyvumą laikantis kokybės kriterijų bei nustatyti globos įstaigų vadovų požiūrį į teikiamų paslaugų kokybės vertinimo rezultatus. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad subjektyviu tiriamųjų vertinimu bendras paslaugų kokybės lygmuo socialinės globos įstaigose, dirbančiose su senyvo amžiaus asmenimis, visumoje yra gana aukštas. Tyrimo duomenys atskleidžia, kad socialinės globos įstaigų vadovai labiausiai yra susipažinę ir įgyvendina lyderystės principo kriterijus. Tyrimas parodė, kad subjektyviu vadovų vertinimu įgyvendinant partnerystės principą reikėtų informuoti darbuotojus apie partnerystę su kitomis įstaigomis bei glaudžiau bendradarbiauti su išorės organizacijomis. Social care providers need to ensure quality services to service users. The problem is characterized by insufficient attention to the quality management of service provided by social care institutions, quality assessment and indicators of service quality assessment, which are important when evaluating principles of service quality by the managers of institutions and employees of different positions. The purpose of the research is to reveal the approach of the management of social care institutions towards the results of the quality assessment of the services provided. In order to collect empirical data in 2017 quantitative study was carried out. The SPSS data processing program is used to analyze the research data. The specific efficiency of quality indicators of social care institutions are calculated in accordance with the 10 qualitative principles of the EQUASS system: leadership, personnel, rights, ethics, partnership, participation, orientation to person, complexity, performance orientation and continuous improvement. Research Subjects: Employees of social welfare institutions providing long-term / shortterm social care services for the elderly in Lithuania according to the list of occupations of employees in the field of social services (2014). The research involved 105 heads of institutions, 122 social workers, 36 employment specialists and 78 social work assistants working in social care institutions providing services for the elderly people. Results of the research: The research results revealed that, according to the subjective opinion of the research participants, the service quality level in social care institutions working with elderly people is rather high. The research ascertained that managers of social care institutions are familiar and they are implementing the criteria of leadership principle. The overall results of the respondents‘ responses revealed that there should be a more active promotion of staff for satisfaction and motivation (66%), while managers' opinion on this criterion did not differ from the assessment of other criteria (77%). The research showed that the subjective assessment of managers in implementing the partnership principle should inform employees about partnerships with other institutions and to maintain closer cooperation with external organizations (77.1%). The EQUASS quality principles which were used in research by dividing them into sub-criteria of quality, allowed to reveal specific performance indicators that indicate the available performance‘s effectiveness of the managers of the company in accordance with the quality criteria and ascertain the approach of the management of care institutions towards the results of the quality assessment of the services provided.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to analyze clinical presentation, surgical management, and long-term outcome of patients suffering from biliary diverticulum, namely Todani type II congenital bile duct cyst (BDC). Background: The disease incidence ranges between 0.8% and 5% of all reported BDC cases with a lack of information about clinical presentation, management, and outcome. Methods: A multicenter European retrospective study was conducted by the French Surgical Association. The patients' medical records were included in a Web site database. Diagnostic imaging studies, operative and pathology reports underwent central revision. Results: Among 350 patients with congenital BDC, 19 type II were identified (5.4%), 17 in adults (89.5%) and 2 in children. The biliary diverticulum was located at the upper, middle, and lower part of the extrahepatic biliary tree in 11, 4, and 4 patients (58%, 21%, and 21%, respectively). Complicated presentation occurred in 6 patients (31.6%), including one case of synchronous carcinoma. Surgical techniques included diverticulum excision in all patients. Associated resection of the extrahepatic biliary tree was required in 11 cases (58%) and could be predicted by the presence of complicated clinical presentation. There was no mortality. Long-term outcome was excellent in 89.5% of patients (median follow-uptime: 52 months). Conclusions: According to the present largest Western series of Todani type II BDC, the type of clinical presentation rather than BDC location, was able to guide the extent of biliary resection. Excellent long-term outcome can be achieved in expert centers.

Tema ovog završnog rada je uloga menadžmenta u upravljanju ljudskim resursima. U tom radu autorica je obuhvatila sljedeća poglavlja; ljudske resurse (od procesa i samih funkcija ljudskih potencijala, odjela, zadaće, vještine, ciljeva planiranja do ocjena tekućih potreba), zapošljavanje, centralizacija-decentralizacija, te profesionalni razvoj. Posebni značaj autorica je pridodala poglavljima o ljudskim resursima u tvrtkama 21. stoljeća gdje navodi upravljanje učinkom kroz sustav nagrađivanja postignuća, organizacijski model kreativnosti ali i kreativnost i inovativnost u pojedinim organizacijama. The subject of this final work is the role of management in human resources management. In this work the author includes the following sections; human resources (from of the process and of the function of human resources, the department, the tasks, skills, goals, planning to rating current needs), employment, centralization-decentralization, and professional development. The author gives special attention the chapters on human resources in the companies of the 21st century where it lists the performance management through the system of rewarding achievement, an organizational model of creativity but also the creativity and innovation in individual organizations.

[ES] En el presente trabajo final de grado se analiza y se plantea una propuesta de mejora de la conexión ferroviaria entre las redes gestionadas por el Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF) y la Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia (APV). Antes de empezar con el análisis, se realiza una breve descripción de la Red de Ferrocarril de Interés General y se define el objetivo del trabajo. Seguidamente, se estudia la localización detallada de las redes del Puerto de Valencia y de la estación València La Font de Sant Lluís Classificació, la conexión tanto física como funcional de las redes del ADIF con las de la APV, la descripción de los servicios prestados por el ADIF y por la APV en sus instalaciones y sus respectivas tarifas. Por último, se analizan, los movimientos ferroviarios que se llevan a cabo en 6 etapas distintas, los costes asociados a los movimientos ferroviarios y el organismo que los recaba. Tras el análisis, se plantea la propuesta de mejora para que los movimientos ferroviarios sean más eficientes desde el punto de vista funcional y para que los costes asociados a ellos sean lo más competitivos posibles. Así pues, hacer que el mercado del transporte de mercancías intermodal crezca y tener un sistema de transportes más competitivo y sostenible., [CA] En el present treball final de grau s'analitza i es planteja una proposta de millora de la connexió ferroviària entre les xarxes gestionades per l'Administrador d'Infraestructures Ferroviàries (ADIF) i l'Autoritat Portuària de València (APV). Abans de començar amb l'anàlisi, es realitza una breu descripció de la Xarxa de Ferrocarril d'Interés General i es definix l'objectiu del treball. A continuació, s'estudia la localització detallada de les xarxes del Port de València i de l'estació València La Font de Sant Lluís Classificació, la connexió tant física com funcional de les xarxes de l'ADIF amb les de l'APV, la descripció dels servicis prestats per l'ADIF i per l'APV en les seues instal·lacions i les seues respectives tarifes. Finalment, s'analitzen, els moviments ferroviaris que es duen a terme en 6 etapes distintes, els costos associats als moviments ferroviaris i l'organisme que els recull. Després de l'anàlisi, es planteja la proposta de millora per a que els moviments ferroviaris siguen més eficients des del punt de vista funcional i que els costos associats a ells siguen el més competitius possibles. Així, doncs, fer que el mercat del transport de mercaderies intermodal cresca i tindre un sistema de transports més competitiu i sostenible., [EN] The present project critically examinates and suggests an improvement on the railway connection between the networks managed by the spanish railway infrastructures manager (Administrador De Infraestructuras Ferroviarias ‘ ADIF) together with the Valencia’s Port Authority (Autoridad Portuaria de Valencia - APV). Prior to the development of this analysis, a short description about the general interest’s railway infrastructure is accomplished. Besides, it has been described the main aim of this Project. Afterwards, it is given an in-depth explanation of the Port of Valencias’ location as well as of the railway station that is going to be assessed, which is called Valencia La Font de Sant Lluís ‘Classificació’. The connections of these infrastructures will also be discussed, taking both kinds into account: the phisical connection and the functional one. It has also been included a detailed exposition of the services that are performed by the ADIF along with the APV in their facilities and its fees. Finally, the train movements that take place in 6 different phases are analysed, as well as the costs associated with them and with the organism by whom their are demanded. Once the discussion has concluded, the improvement suggestion so as to the train movements to be more efficient is set out. This proposal is also offered in order to achieve costs as competing as possible. Were these measures to be carried out, the railway freight transport will increase, achieving a more competitive and sustainable transport system.

El estrés laboral es una emoción, sentimiento de ansiedad o tensión física que ocurre cuándo se cree que las exigencias impuestas sobre una persona exceden su habilidad para manejarlas. Para el desarrollo del presente artículo se abordaron las variables de percepción, experiencia, respaldo social y diferencias individuales; definiéndolos como un proceso psicológico esencial mediante el cual la persona selecciona y organiza la información relacionada a su entorno y lo integra en un concepto de realidad por medio de un comportamiento organizacional. En el siguiente artículo se hará uso de métodos de búsqueda de información de comportamientos organizacionales para analizar la relación que tiene el estrés laboral con los comportamientos organizacionales, siendo el modelo del Dr. Wilson Tom el que complementa y se acerca más a nuestro propósito: fomentar a que las organizaciones en conjunto con las personas trabajadoras creen e incluyan actividades y comportamientos para: 1). Eliminar o controlar las fuentes del estrés y 2). Hacer que la persona esté más capacitada para poder enfrentarlo. Esto se pudo lograr a través del reconocimiento que tiene el manejo individual de las personas sobre sus comportamientos e identificar los agentes estresores que afectan la vida de la persona. Después que las personas y/o organizaciones puedan generar consciencia de ello, se necesita decidir qué hacer con ellos, entre las sugerencias prácticas para el manejo individual del estrés se pueden mencionar; 1). Planear por anticipado y practicar de forma adecuada una buena administración del tiempo; 2). Hacer suficiente ejercicio; 3). Sujetarse a prácticas alimenticias saludables y balanceada; 4). Tener un descanso adecuado para evitar enfermedades y en general cuidarse a uno mismo a través del reconocimiento de buenas prácticas que nos arrojan las lecciones aprendidas en situaciones de la vida cotidiana. Work stress is an emotion, feeling of anxiety or physical tension that occurs when it is believed that the demands placed upon a person exceed their ability to handle them. For the development of the present article the variables of perception, experience, social support and individual differences were approached; Defining them as an essential psychological process through which the person selects and organizes the information related to their environment and integrates it into a concept of reality through an organizational behavior. In the following article, we will use information search methods to analyze the relationship between work stress and organizational behavior. Dr. Tom Tom's model complements and is closer to our purpose: to encourage That organizations together with working people create and include activities and behaviors to: 1). Eliminate or control sources of stress and 2). Make the person more able to face it. This could be achieved through the recognition of the individual management of people about their behavior and identify the stressors that affect the life of the person. After people and / or organizations can become aware of this, they need to decide what to do with them, among the practical suggestions for individual stress management can be mentioned; 1). Plan ahead and properly practice good time management; 2). Enough exercise; 3). Subject to healthy and balanced dietary practices; 4). Have adequate rest to avoid diseases and in general take care of oneself through the recognition of good practices that throw us the lessons learned in situations of daily life.

Bakalauro darbe „Lietuvos karo policijos personalo administravimo gerinimo gairės“ dėmesys skiriamas bendriems personalo administravimo aspektams, taip pat personalo administravimo procesui Lietuvos kariuomenėje ir karo policijoje. Darbe apibrėžiamos pagrindinės personalo administravimo karo policijoje praktinės funkcijos ir jų įgyvendinamo tvarka, ar karo policijoje vykdomas personalo administravimas yra kryptingas ir kokios yra silpniausios karo policijos personalo administravimo funkcijos, reikalaujančios didesnio institucijos dėmesio. Taip pat formuluojamos išvados dėl personalo administravimo karo policijoje funkcionalumo bei teikiami pasiūlymai dėl personalo administravimo gerinimo karo policijoje. Darbą sudaro įvadas, du skyriai, išvados, rekomendacijos, literatūros sąrašas ir priedai. Personalo administravimas yra dinaminis procesas ir nuolat reikalauja analizės ir vertinimo, taigi tyrimo tikslas yra išanalizuoti personalo administravimo procesą karo policijoje ir išryškinti silpnąsias ir stipriąsias karo policijos personalo administravimo funkcijas. Darbe keliami uždaviniai išanalizuoti personalo administravimo teorinius aspektus, Lietuvos kariuomenės karinio personalo ir atskirai karo policijos personalo administravimo pobūdį ir ypatumus; anketavimo būdu apklausti karo policijos personalą dėl karo policijos personalo administravimo veiksmingumo ir pateikti išvadas ir pasiūlymus dėl personalo administravimo funkcijų gerinimo gairių karo policijoje. Pirmame skyriuje apibrėžiami pagrindiniai personalo administravimo proceso aspektai, atliekamas teorinis personalo administravimo koncepcijos pagrindimas. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas Lietuvos kariuomenės ir karo policijos personalo administravimo aspektams. Antrame skyriuje pateikiama tyrimo metodologija, atliekama empirinė analizė, kaip ir kokiu būdu yra įgyvendinamas personalo administravimo procesas karo policijoje; vertinama dabartinė personalo administravimo proceso karo policijoje situacija. Pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas bendradarbiavimo, kompetencijos, motyvacijos ir mokymo sistemos aspektams padalinyje. Pateikiamos karo policijos personalo administravimo gerinimo gairės. Darbo pabaigoje teikiamos tyrimo rezultatus apibendrinančios išvados, siūlymai, literatūros sąrašas, priedai. Atliekant tyrimą taikyti šie moksliniai metodai: mokslinės literatūros ir teisės aktų analizė, anketinė apklausa, kokybinių statistinių duomenų analizė, duomenų lyginimas, apibendrinimas, grafinis vaizdavimas. Pažymėtina, kad atliekant tyrimą, padėjo ir darbo autoriaus ilgametė praktinė patirtis karo policijoje, tarptautinėse operacijose. Literatūros sąrašas sudarytas iš 30 šaltinių ir kitos medžiagos lietuvių bei anglų kalbomis, taip pat ir teisės aktų., This bachelor’s thesis “Personnel administration guidelines for improving in Military police of Lithuanian armed forces“is aimed at revealing and analyzing general personnel administration aspects, also personnel administration process in Lithuanian armed forces and Military police, presenting the key findings of the thesis and guidelines for improving personnel administration in Military police, formulating and making conclusions, as well as setting proposals how to improve the appropriate personnel administration process in Military police. The structure of the thesis has been defined with the logic of the study, its aim and objectives. The thesis consists of introduction, two chapters, conclusions and recommendations, also a list of references. Introduction presents topicality of the subject, the purpose of the study, tasks, object of the study and the problem of this research, as well as the applied scientific methods and methodology. Chapter 1 provides for a general description of personnel administration process; theoretical substantiation of the concept of personnel administration, its functions in the practice. Special attention in this chapter is devoted to the personnel administration aspects in Lithuanian armed forces and Military police. Chapter 2 presents the methodology of a research, provides an empirical analysis of how personnel administration process is ensured in Military police; the current situation of personnel administration process in Military police is studied. The main attention is attached to cooperation, competence, training system and motivation aspects in the unit. Guidelines for improving personnel administration in Military police are also presented. The author in his research applied general scientific methods: literature and legislative analysis, questionnaire, qualitative analysis of statistical data, data comparison, generalization, and presentation of visualization. The above-discussed scientific methods helped to formulate conclusions and proposals, provided at the end of the work. The implementation of the scientific and practical findings, derived in the course of the research, will definitely contribute to the enhancement of the conceptual framework of administrative support to Military police, ensuring an effective personnel administration process. Moreover, in the course of the research the author made use of his long-term practical experience gained during his work in Military police and participations in international operations. A list of references of the thesis contains 30 sources and other informative resources in Lithuanian, and English as well as legislation.

In today`s globalized business environments the road to survival and success is through customer satisfaction. Particularly for the service companies, employees are also required to show emotional labor in the service delivery in addition to their physical performance based on the fact that customer satisfaction is directly related to the emotions displayed by employees. Canalizing employees to perform emotional labor is an important issue. Here, the internal marketing practices emerge as a managerial tool. Accordingly employees perceptions towards internal marketing practices that are considered to have important consequences on companies, and the way internal marketing practices affect employees ‘emotional labor behavior are the matters of concern. The purpose of this study is to examine how internal marketing activities in tourism enterprises affect the behavior of emotional labor of the staff working in tourism enterprises. In this study, the effects of internal marketing activities on to the behavior of emotional labor of employees were examined. The survey was conducted on 136 employees working in hotel businesses operating in the Kocaeli province tourism sector and the hypotheses developed to investigate whether the internal marketing policies applied by hotel operators affect the behavior of emotional labor and the hypotheses developed for this purpose were tested with structural equation model as the SmartPLS 2.0. The literature of the study as conceptually has been extensively reviewed and after the analysis the findings of the research have been interpreted according to the literature. Findings show that internal marketing practices are positively and significantly related to surface acting and deep acting. Moreover, findings do not provide any empirical evidence to support the direct relationship between internal marketing practices and emotional mismatch. In addition to that, in the study some issues such as the importance of emotional labor for tourism enterprises and the relationship between the practices of internal marketing and emotional labor are discussed and suggested

Siekiant pagerinti procesų valdymą, reikia ne tik efektyvinti organizacijose vykdomus procesus, bet ir keisti mąstymą. Organizacijos gali taikyti Lean sistemos principus beveik bet kokioje aplinkoje, kurios veikloje galime apibrėžti darbo procesus. Pažvelgus į tokias veiklas per Lean prizmę matome, kad efektyvumas darbe gali pakilti per labiau struktūrizuotus problemų sprendimus, lankstesnį išteklių paskirstymą ir tobulesnį požiūrį į valdymo žinias. Nepakankamai geras požiūris į klientą viešose institucijose, - piliečiai jau suvokia, kad jie mokėdami mokesčius valstybei, jau sumokėjo valstybinėse įstaigose dirbantiems ir nori efektyvumo ir kokybės viešojo aptarnavimo srityje, juos piktina neefektyviai naudojamas darbo laikas ir ištekliai, uždelsti veiklos procesai, tose srityse, kur privačiose organizacijose vykdoma sparčiai. Šie veiksniai skatina analizuoti Lean metodų taikymą ir viešąjame sektoriuje., Assessment of the principles and application of practice of the LEAN system in a company providing cultural services. The following methods of research were used in the paper: Analysis of scientific literature – analysis of publications of Lithuanian and foreign scientists and books on the implementation of the LEAN system, to promote the performance efficiency of the organisational system. The observation and document analysis were used for collection of research data. Collected quality data were analysed and interpreted using the content analysis. The synthesis of the results of scientific literature and empirical research was used for the development of the model.

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad hacer un análisis conceptual de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) y su relación explicita con la gestión en el campo ético como fundamento de la imagen corporativa de MABE, por sus características, misión, y visión que representa una función social y un fin trascendente es muy importante para MABE, y por ello se hace un recorrido histórico del concepto y sus diferentes acepciones a través del tiempo para entender la esencialidad del mismo en las prácticas corporativas y organizaciones de la empresa, el método es hermenéutico e interpretativo. En el que hacer gerencial los líderes de las empresas buscan con detenimiento las diversas herramientas para encontrar la llave mágica que les abra la puerta del éxito empresarial, es ahí cuando cobra importancia cada propuesta que brinde innovación. Como consecuencia, los innumerables métodos existentes para la toma de decisiones gerenciales que brindan en muchos casos herramientas para tomar caminos y lograr la decisión más acertada, la aplicación ordenada y sistemática de un proceso el conlleva a la realización de diversas actividades con el propósito de identificar y solucionar problemas relacionados con responsabilidad social, ética y administrativa, la inversión sería un bajo costo comparado con las elevadas ganancias que se obtendrán, es la herramienta ideal para todo gerente y el éxito organizacional humano es vital para el direccionamiento empresarial con el único fin de orientarse sobre el curso que siguen sus negocios mediante la inversión humana. El objetivo de la gestión ética es proporcionar bienestar a los empleados favoreciendo en recursos a la empresa y así conjuntamente apoyar la toma de decisiones responsables y correspondidas manteniendo una conducta respetuosa de legalidad ética, de moral y de compromiso con el medio ambiente que es esencial porque se trata del equilibrio entre la empresa, el hombre y el medio "ecoeficiencia" (disminución del impacto ambiental en relación al volumen de producción obtenido (ambiente, 2003) Este importante paso es necesario en todas las organizaciones y visiblemente se comprueba las numerosas ventajas que reporta la gestión humana comprometida con el ambiente y con su mismo ser. Palabras This research aims to make a conceptual analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility and its explicit relationship with management in the ethical field as a foundation of the corporate image of MABE, for its characteristics, mission, and vision that represents a social function and a Transcendent end is very important for MABE. For this reason, it is made a historical tour of the concept and its different meanings over time to understand its essentiality in the corporate practices and organizations of the company, the method is hermeneutic and interpretative. Nowadays, in our managerial role, business leaders are looking for various tools to find the magic key that opens the door to business success. That is when every proposal that probvides innovation becomes important. As a result, the innumerable existing methods for management decision-making that in many cases provide the tools necessary to take various roads toward proper decision-making using the orderly and systematic application of a process. This leads to the realization of various activities with the purpose of identifying and solving problems related to social responsibility. Investing in administrative ethics would be a lower cost compared to the high profits that would be obtained because it is the ideal tool for every manager. Human organizational success is vital for the business’ direction because it has the sole aim of guiding the course of the business to prioritize human investment. The objective of ethical management is to provide well-being to the employees which will provide more resources to the company and thus jointly support the responsible decision-making by maintaining a respectful conduct of ethical legality, morality, and commitment to the environment. This is essential because is about the balance between the company, the man, and the environment "eco-efficiency" (reduction of the environmental impact in relation to the volume of production obtained). This important step is necessary in all organizations and the many advantages are clearly proven that human management is committed to the environment and the well-being of its employees.

El presente documento es un ensayo crítico, en el cual se describen las principales fallas en la ejecución de la estrategia, específicamente en el proceso de comunicación y/o difusión. Se analizarán diferentes problemas durante la difusión de la estrategia; partiendo desde la alta dirección hasta llegar al trabajador o empleado quien es el que ejecuta lo planeado por la gerencia; verificando así, en qué punto se rompe el proceso de comunicación o se cambia el mensaje, haciendo que la ejecución no sea la deseada por la gerencia y por consiguiente impidiendo el cumplimiento de los objetivos. Igualmente se emitirá una propuesta para su posible solución desde el proceso de planeación para lo anterior se citarán como ejemplo estrategias ejecutadas por las pymes colombianas. The present document is a critical essay, in which is described the main failures in the execution of strategy, specifically in communication or diffusion process. It will be analyzing different problems during that process; from high manage to employees, because they are who execute the strategy planned by the management; looking for that the step that this process is broking and avoiding the target achievement. Likewise, it will be a proposal for a possible solution from the strategic planning. For the above, it will be exposing some examples about some strategies executed by SMEs (pymes) in Colombia.

Hoy en día la administración pública exige que el análisis de las políticas públicas aplique enfoques y herramientas que vayan más allá de la revisión de las características del diseño y los resultados. Cobra relevancia, entonces, el estudio de experiencias de la gestión pública mediante la aplicación del método narrativo que se enfoca en el desarrollo/trayectoria y la operación/funcionamiento de las prácticas gerenciales. El estudio y análisis que se presenta en este trabajo sobre la construcción de una gestión orientada a la participación ciudadana y al valor público del municipio boliviano de La Paz, mediante la aplicación del método narrativo —a partir de la formulación de eventos, establecimiento de relaciones significativas entre eventos y generación de preguntas de investigación relevantes— identifica los avances de esta experiencia en el alineamiento del triángulo estratégico del valor público y evidencia la flexibilidad de este método para el análisis de las prácticas gerenciales. Today, public administration requires that when analyzing public policies there be approaches and tools that go beyond reviewing design characteristics and results. It is important to study the experiences of public management through the application of the narrative method that focuses on development / trajectory and the operation / running of managerial practices. The study and analysis of constituting a management style oriented towards citizen participation and public value of the Bolivian municipality of La Paz, through the application of the narrative method - from the formulation of events, establishment of significant relationships between events and generation of relevant research questions – it identifies the progress of this experience in aligning the strategic triangle of public value and it evidences the flexibility of this method when analyzing managerial practices. policy

Traditional approaches to social innovation focus on products, services, and ideas that enable social problems to be solved. They also often view social innovation as resulting from a cross-fertilization between multiple stakeholders. We advocate for a process-based approach to social innovation internal to organizations, anchored in the concept of ethical love. While love, as a concept, has only received attention recently in academic management research, contrary to its common usage in psychology, we propose a philosophical and anthropological perspective on the call for love in organizations and distinguish with the help of the philosopher Levinas between political love and ethical love. We argue that, while organizations have mainly been used to inspire political love, especially in the field of SI, they need to discover ethical love as a source of innovation, drawing from beyond the organization and psychology. Fil: Defiebre Muller, Renaud. Université Haute-alsace.; Francia Fil: Viola, Federico Ignacio. Universidad Catolica de Santa Fe. Facultad de Filosofía. Instituto de Filosofía; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina Fil: Fatien Diochon, Pauline. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombia Fil: Duenas Ocampo, Sebastian. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Colombia

The aim of this paper is analys of the state of electronic services within the postal system in Serbia in order to improve the management of this services. As an indicator of the state of development we can use benchmarking index of development of postal e-services. Benchmarking index is created by PCA (Principal Component Analysis) method in statistical software Minitab which has been designed for PCA. The development of electronic economy has influence on postal system to improve postal electronic services. In conclusion we can say those who make the decisions and management experts have to define appropriate strategy of e-services.

The present study was conducted in order to examine job stress and organizational commitment of employees in tourism establishments (hotel, restaurant, travel agency, etc.) in Cesme and Kartepe destinations which have different touristic attractions. The study survey was administered to a total of 351 employees working at tourism establishments in Cesme, a summer tourism destination in the province of Izmir and Kartepe, a winter tourism destination in the province of Kocaeli. The data obtained as a result of the study were analyzed with computer software for the purpose of the study. Frequency and percentage distributions were examined in order to reveal demographic characteristics and t-test and pearson correlation analysis were used to test hypotheses. No significant difference in terms of job stress was found between employees working at tourism establishments in Cesme and Kartepe depending on their destination. A significant difference was observed in the organizational commitment scale between employees depending on their destination. According to this result, comparing answers given to the organizational commitment scale according to the distinction of Cesme and Kartepe, it was found that employees working in Cesme had higher organizational commitment. A weak, negative and significant correlation was observed between job stress and organizational commitment of employees working at tourism establishment. OzetBu calisma, farkli turistik cekiciliklere sahip olan Cesme ve Kartepe destinasyonlarinda calisan turizm isletmeleri personelinin, is stresleri ve orgutsel bagliliklari iliskisinin incelenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirma anketi, Izmir ili Cesme yaz turizmi destinasyonu ve Kocaeli-Kartepe kis turizmi destinasyonunda yer alan turizm isletmelerinde calisan toplam 351 personele uygulanmistir. Arastirma sonucunda elde edilen veriler arastirma amaci kapsaminda bilgisayar programi ile analiz edilmistir. Calismada demografik ozellikleri ortaya cikarmak amaci ile frekans ve yuzde dagilimlari incelenmis, hipotezleri test etmek amaciyla t-testi ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanilmistir. Cesme ve Kartepe’de calisan turizm isletmeleri personeli, calistiklari destinasyonlara gore degerlendirildiginde, is stresi olceginde anlamli farklilasmanin olmadigi, gorulmustur. Personel calistiklari yere gore degerlendirildiginde ise, orgutsel baglilik olceginde anlamli bir farklilasmanin oldugu gorulmustur. Orgutsel baglilik olcegine verilen cevaplari Cesme (yaz turizmi), Kartepe (kis turizmi) ayrimina gore karsilastirdigimizda, Cesme destinasyonunda calisan personelin orgutsel bagliliginin daha yuksek oldugu anlasilmaktadir. Turizm isletmeleri personelinin is stresi ile orgutsel bagliligi arasinda ise, dusuk duzeyde negatif ve anlamli bir iliski oldugu gorulmustur.

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e analisar a produção científica sobre a temática de competência profissional, as estratégias das instituições de saúde para o seu desenvolvimento e implicações para enfermagem. Trata-se de revisão integrativa e a estratégia de busca foi a consulta às bases eletrônicas MEDLINE, LILACS e SciELO. A coleta foi realizada entre os meses de outubro a dezembro de 2010 e os artigos selecionados estão em português e inglês, totalizando 23 publicações. A análise temática dos dados possibilitou a construção de três categorias: Os significados do conceito de competência profissional; Estratégias para desenvolver a competência profissional; e Implicações para a enfermagem. Constatou-se a predominância do conceito de competência profissional a partir de seus elementos constitutivos, ou seja, de conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes; estratégias educacionais e programas de treinamento para a formação de competências como ações da gerência; e na enfermagem, o desafio de formar profissionais competentes e compromissados. This study aimed to identify and analyze the scientific literature on the topic of professional competence, strategies of health institutions for its development and implications for nursing. It is an integrative review and search strategy was consultation with the electronic databases MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO. Data collection was conducted between October and December 2010 and selected articles in Portuguese and English, a total of 23 publications. The thematic analysis of the data enabled the construction of three categories: The meanings of the concept of professional competence, Strategies for development professional competence and Implications for nursing. It was verified the predominance of the concept of professional competence from their constituent elements, knowledge, skills and attitudes, strategies and educational training programs for skills training and actions of management, and nursing, the challenge of train professionals competent and committed. Este estúdio tuvo como objetivo identificar y analizar la literatura científica sobre el tema de la competencia profesional, las estratégias de las instituciones de salud para su desarrollo y sus implicaciones para la enfermería. Se trata de uma revisión integradora y estrategia de búsqueda se consulta con las bases de datos electrónicas MEDLINE, LILACS y SciELO. La recolección de datos se realizó entre octubre y diciembre de 2010 y los artículos seleccionados están em Portugués e Inglés, con un total de 23 publicaciones. El análisis temático de los datos permitió la construcción de tres categorías: Los significados del concepto de competencia profesional, Estrategias para desarrollar la competencia profesional y Implicaciones para la enfermería. Se verificó el predominio del concepto de competencia profesional de sus elementos constitutivos, es decir, conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes, estrategias y programas educativos de formación para la capacitación y acciones de gestión y de enfermería, el desafío de la formación de profesionales competentes y comprometidos.

U diplomskom radu prvobitno je opisana podjela i opći opis kabela uz odgovarajuće literature. Nakon kraćeg opisa, kreće tehnički opis izgleda visokonaponskih kabela što je popraćeno sa odgovarajućim slikama i shemama gdje je detaljno obrađen izgled i svrha pojedinih dijelova. Također u radu su opisane i termičke karakteristike kabela kao i svi manevri koji se poduzimaju kod kvarova, spajanje kabela te dubine polaganja. Nakon detaljne razrade nadzora, upravljanja i održavanja, dani su toplinski proračun i proračun za određivanje presjeka XLPE kabela popraćeni odgovarajućim shemama i simulacijama. Na samom kraju rada opisuje se pojava korone. Prvobitno je opisan sam pojam korone nakon čega slijede opisi i primjeri njenog nastanka i izbijanja. The thesis begins by describing the division and general description of the cable with the aid of the corresponding references. After the short description, technical description of the appearance of high-voltage cable is described accompanied by corresponding pictures and diagrams which show their detailed appearance and how particular parts operate. Futhermore, the thermal characteristics of the cable, as well as all the maneuvers that are undertaken at damage, the cable connection and the laying depth are elaborated too. After elaborating the conttrol, managment and maintenance, there is math example of thermal estimate and example of determination section of XLPE cable. At the end of thesis, the phenomenon of corona is described. Initialy it begins with informations about corona which is after followed by descriptions and examples of its occurrence and discharges.

Research on Multilatinas has underexplored multinationals from Colombia and their corporate-level international strategy choices to develop into Global Latinas. Building on interviews, documents, and archival data about Grupo Nutresa –Colombia’s most international firm in manufactured goods–, this study unveils and discusses this firm’s corporate-level international strategy choices between 1960 and 2014. A prevailing notion is that most multinationals from Latin America continue to target international operations to focus mainly on their home region through an export, multidomestic or transnational corporate-level international strategy. In contrast, data show that Grupo Nutresa chose to evolve through a sequential approach from an export to a transnational corporate-level international strategy while its international operations were able to transcend its home region to reach North America, Asia, Europe, Africa, and Oceania. These results add to international business research on emergent market multinational companies (EMNCs) from Latin America by unveiling the corporate-level international strategy choices of a Colombian origin Multilatina that transformed into a Global Latina., Las investigaciones sobre Multilatinas han estudiado poco a las multinacionales de origen colombiano y las elecciones a nivel corporativo que estas empresas han realizado sobre su estrategia de internacionalización para convertirse en Latinas Globales. A partir de entrevistas, documentos y datos de archivo sobre el Grupo Nutresa –la empresa colombiana más internacional de bienes manufacturados–, este estudio descubre y discute las elecciones a nivel corporativo que esta empresa realizó sobre su estrategia de internacionalización entre los años 1960 y 2014. Una noción que prevalece acerca de la mayoría de multinacionales de América Latina, es que estas empresas continúan dirigiendo sus operaciones internacionales principalmente hacia su región a través de una estrategia de internacionalización a nivel corporativo exportadora, multidoméstica o transnacional. En contraste, los datos evidencian que el Grupo Nutresa eligió evolucionar a través de un proceso secuencial de una estrategia de internacionalización a nivel corporativo exportadora a una transnacional, mientras que sus operaciones internacionales lograron trascender su región para llegar a Norteamérica, Asia, Europa, África, y Oceanía. Estos resultados aportan a la investigación en negocios internacionales sobre multinacionales de mercados emergentes, particularmente de América Latina, al descubrir y discutir las elecciones a nivel corporativo sobre estrategia de internacionalización de una Multilatina de origen colombiano que se transformó en Latina Global.

U ovom radu provedena je strateška analiza tvrtke “Hidroizolacija Katran d.o.o”, odnosno kako se “Hidroizolacija Katran d.o.o” kao jedna od najdugovječnijih tvrtki u svojoj branši pozicionirala u današnjim uvjetima poslovanja. U tome smislu strateška analiza provedena u radu obuhvatila je: analizu prilika I prijetnji interne I opće okoline, analizu I procjenu tehnologije, analizu konkurencije, analizu ranjivosti poduzeća, analiza sposobnosti menadžmenta, financijsku I tehničku sposobnost poduzeća. Nakon dobivenih rezultata strateške analize provodi se zaključak na temelju kojeg poduzeće isčitava svoje jakosti I slabosti odnosno prilike I prijetnje. In this paper, there's been conducted an strategic analysis of a company „Hidroizolacija Katran d.o.o.“, regarding how „Hidroizolacija Katran d.o.o“ as one of the oldest companies in its field positioned in today's business environment. To find out strategic analysis that was carried out included: analysis of threats and opportunities of intern and general environment, analysis and assessment of technology, analysis of company’s vulnerability, analysis of managers capability, financial and technical capability of company. When all processed data summarized, conclusions of company's strenghts and weaknesses or threats and opportunities were made based on the results of strategic analysis.

Today, organizations are called to respond to the growing needs of its customers in a society of constant changes and challenges. This work develops in the southern region of Ecuador, where binationaal commercial trade takes place due to its geographical location and focuses on assessing the innovation management in Pymes (Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: EMEs) in the service sector and also analyze the use of social media as an innovative strategy for SMEs to be more competitive in the entrepreneur world. Main results show that innovative SMEs display a 52.83% level of compliance, in which dimensions like strategic planning, human resources and social responsibility are the ones that require further improvement in terms of innovation. Furthermore, social media used by SMEs to advertise their services are primarily web pages and social networks like Facebook� and Youtube�. On the other hand, Instagram�, Twitter� and LinkedIn� show a lesser extent. Finally, this research determines that despite the existence of web 2.0 tools managers are still using traditional means of publicity for safety and fidelity reasons. © 2016 AISTI.