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It is crystal clear that we can count several reasons to learn English language. People all over the world learn English as a second or foreign language. Authorities contain English language in their school syllabuses, and students begin learning it at a very young age. It is the language of science, technology, trade, diplomacy, and many other fields. Competency in using English enhances the possibility of having a good job in home country or abroad. It is simply the magic wand of several opportunities. However, how different groups like Cono tribe regard English is an intriguing issue that needs to be investigated. Considering all these dimensions, this study investigates the attitudes of a diverse group, in our case Cono tribe, towards the importance of English language education at early ages. Based upon a descriptive research design, an interview designed by the researchers was directed to the members of the mentioned group. The findings of the study bring diverse views of the studied group. Besides, the results obtained from this descriptive study may prove to be of some help for the researchers in the related research area.

International audience; We introduce a modal separation logic MSL whose models are memory states from separation logic and the logical connectives include modal operators as well as separating conjunction and implication from separation logic. With such a combination of operators, some fragments of MSL can be seen as genuine modal logics whereas some others capture standard separation logics, leading to an original language to speak about memory states. We analyse the decidability status and the computational complexity of several fragments of MSL, leading to surprising results, obtained by designing proof methods that take into account the modal and separation features of MSL. For example, the satisfiability problem for the fragment of MSL with <>, the inequality modality Diff and separating conjunction * is shown Tower-complete whereas the restriction either to <> and * or to Diff and * is only NP-complete.

Medications used to manage chronic pain have documented side effects including drug dependency, drug interaction, and adverse systemic reactions. This case study used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to understand how one individual experienced chronic neck pain including pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions. Convenience sampling identified Ms. P, an individual with a 10-year history of chronic pain. The research questions were: “How does one individual with chronic neck pain describe their experience living with neck pain?” and “How does one individual with chronic neck pain manage their pain?” Three super-ordinate themes emerged: pain pervades everything, finding relief, and recovery. Findings suggest that living with chronic pain is framed by both the experience of severe pain and the search for a cure. Fear, panic, and despair accompany ongoing pain. Initially, the participant’s physician prescribed medications including narcotics, which are described as a slippery slope. In desperation, the participant sought alternative treatments.

Transforming the landscape as a launchpad for demographic growth—From the Neolithic Revolution to the Industrial Revolution—Passionaries, conflict and demographic change—Demographic stabilization in developed countries, demographic explosion in developing countries—Do we follow the r-strategy or K-strategy of population—Energy’s “magic wand” for extreme population growth—Is there enough time to complete the demographic transition?

Children’s pop-up books are considered to be the synthesis of arts, communications and functional properties. The deep analysis of design-form use has been conducted and their classification has been worked out. The diagrams of component elements frequency use in pop-up books have been built and it has been established that maximal visual effect is acquired by dint of the most widely used constructions of the ‘rising stage’, ‘box’, ‘V-shape fold’ and ‘sliding plane’. A system analysis has been used for the children’s pop-up book model design. It has also been acquired that visual organization of form facilities subsystem, which is included in its composition comes most difficult and multi-element. The subsystem represents clear system of visualization, aimed at modeling book’s design form, technology of production and sets requirements to properties of materials. All this allows to define the circle of the factors related to projecting of children’s pop-up books, and has an important methodological and practical value. It has been established, that paper properties is the most important factor, influencing the quality and reliability of the pop-up book’s form design. Therefore mechanical properties of the selected samples of paper were investigated for the choice of paper, that can provide reliability of form design construction. Tests’ data is presented as pentacle of properties. It has also been determined, that pressed film paper is most capable of providing mechanical strength and necessary deformation properties for pop-up book design form engineering. The results obtained were ascertained within the framework of term, bachelor and master’s degree papers at the department of graphic arts in designing of different types of books construction: G. Rodari ‘The Magic Wand’, H. C. Andersen ‘Thumbelina’, Ukrainian folk-tale ‘Koza-Dereza’. Their design reflects the modern tendencies of form-making of children’s pop-up books and provides functional and composition unity of book construction, that assists to increase aesthetic qualities of childrens’ books.

The list segment predicate \(\mathtt {ls}\) used in separation logic for verifying programs with pointers is well-suited to express properties on singly-linked lists. We study the effects of adding \(\mathtt {ls}\) to the full propositional separation logic with the separating conjunction and implication, which is motivated by the recent design of new fragments in which all these ingredients are used indifferently and verification tools start to handle the magic wand connective. This is a very natural extension that has not been studied so far. We show that the restriction without the separating implication can be solved in polynomial space by using an appropriate abstraction for memory states whereas the full extension is shown undecidable by reduction from first-order separation logic. Many variants of the logic and fragments are also investigated from the computational point of view when \(\mathtt {ls}\) is added, providing numerous results about adding reachability predicates to propositional separation logic.

This paper discusses static verification of programs that have been specified using separation logic with magic wands. Magic wands are used to specify incomplete resources in separation logic, i.e., if missing resources are provided, a magic wand allows one to exchange these for the completed resources. One of the applications of the magic wand operator is to describe loop invariants for algorithms that traverse a data structure, such as the imperative version of the tree delete problem (Challenge 3 from the VerifyThis@FM2012 Program Verification Competition), which is the motivating example for our work. Most separation logic-based static verification tools do not provide support for magic wands, possibly because validity of formulas containing the magic wand is, by itself, undecidable. To avoid this problem, in our approach the program annotator has to provide a witness for the magic wand, thus circumventing undecidability due to the use of magic wands. A witness is an object that encodes both instructions for the permission exchange that is specified by the magic wand and the extra resources needed during that exchange. We show how this witness information is used to encode a specification with magic wands as a specification without magic wands. Concretely, this approach is used in the VerCors tool set: annotated Java programs are encoded as Chalice programs. Chalice then further translates the program to BoogiePL, where appropriate proof obligations are generated. Besides our encoding of magic wands, we also discuss the encoding of other aspects of annotated Java programs into Chalice, and in particular, the encoding of abstract predicates with permission parameters. We illustrate our approach on the tree delete algorithm, and on the verification of an iterator of a linked list.

Economists have been concerned about issues of overconfidence at least since Adam Smith (1776, Book I, Chapter X), who wrote in The Wealth of Nations: “The over-weening conceit which the greater part of men have of their own abilities, is an ancient evil remarked by the philosophers and moralists of all ages.” Titans of modern economics have had similar reactions to the “ancient evil.” Daniel Kahneman recently told an interviewer that if he had a magic wand that could eliminate one human bias, he would do away with overconfidence. As Shariatmadari (2015) reports: “Not even he [Kahneman] believes that the various flaws that bedevil decision-making can be successfully corrected. The most damaging of these is overconfidence: the kind of optimism that leads governments to believe that wars are quickly winnable and capital projects will come in on budget despite statistics predicting exactly the opposite.” Kahneman argues that overconfidence “is built so deeply into the structure of the mind that you couldn’t change it without changing many other things.” Evidence concerning the prevalence of overconfidence is widespread and robust. Some of the results have even become fairly well-known in popular culture, like the findings that most drivers believe they are safer than a typical driver, or that

The essay explores the origins of the divining rod and its various uses from the beginnings until the twenty-first century. The diving rod is a magical instrument which is – in contrast to an unspecific magic wand – supposed to be apt to locate objects. From the late fifteenth century onwards, mining professionals as well as lay persons engaging in treasure hunts used the divining rod. Water witching first appeared in the late sixteenth century. Even though some mostly Protestant hardliners condemned dowsing as magic, various authors suggested natural explanations for the alleged efficacy of dowsing. A closer examination of a variety of sources reveals that in the early modern period dowsers were supposed to find virtually anything from suitable building sites to criminals on the run from the law. The divining rod was the universal tool of divination. The key to the enduring success of the divining rod is its simplicity and its cheapness combined with its essentially unlimited applicability.

The unique potential of solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectroscopy to provide atomistic-scale piercing insights into the structure and dynamics of complex biomaterials, such as the extracellular matrix of bone and related connective tissues, has been well demonstrated over the past several years. With its highly complex hierarchical architecture, bone indeed represents a significant challenge to structural studies using many conventional analytical and biophysical techniques. Recent instrumental and technological advances have considerably improved the sensitivity and resolution in multidimensional magic-angle spinning SSNMR experiments and have made it possible to obtain key high-resolution information, that are otherwise unobtainable by conventional microscopic and diffraction studies, from insoluble and amorphous heterogeneous materials of biological importance such as bone. In this review, we briefly present recent and continuing advances in the area of SSNMR of bone and related connective tissues like cartilage, by summarizing a selected ensemble of key SSNMR applications that highlight the potential with which this technique has contributed to our growing understanding of the complex structures and dynamics of these materials.

3D-printing, or as it is also known, additive manufacturing (AM), is promising to be one of the determining manufacturing technologies of the present century. It is not a single technology but a fa ...

This paper presents tactics for reasoning about the assertions of separation logic. We formalise our proof methods in Isabelle/HOL based on Klein et al.’s separation algebra library. Our methods can also be used in other separation logic frameworks that are instances of the separation algebra of Calcagno et al. The first method, \( separata \), is based on an embedding of a labelled sequent calculus for abstract separation logic (ASL) by Hou et al. The second method, \( starforce \), is a refinement of separata with specialised proof search strategies to deal with separating conjunction and magic wand. We also extend our tactics to handle pointers in the heap model, giving a third method \( sepointer \). Our tactics can automatically prove many complex formulae. Finally, we give two case studies on the application of our tactics.

Interleukin (IL)-15 as a stand-alone therapy can activate the antitumor functions of immune effector cells resulting in significant tumor regression. Interestingly, combining IL-15 with the a-moiety of its receptor (IL-15R alpha), also called IL-15 transpresentation, increases the in vivo half-life of IL-15 and enhances binding of IL-15 with cells expressing the IL-15R beta gamma, such as NK cells and CDS T cells. These features enlarge the signal transmission of IL-15, resulting in improved proliferation and antitumor activities of both NK cells and CD8(+) T cells, eventually leading to enhanced killing of tumor cells. In this review, we discuss the antitumor strategies in which this IL-15 transpresentation mechanism is implemented, that are currently under preclinical investigation. Furthermore, we give an overview of the studies in which the IL-15/IL-15R alpha complexes are combined with other antitumor therapies. The promising results in these preclinical studies have incited several clinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of IL-15 transpresentation strategies to treat both hematological and advanced solid tumors. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

There is a growing trend in European countries for childbearing to occur later in women’s lives. The recent increase in the use of ART, together with the long-term trend towards later childbearing, raises questions as to the acceptable age of childbearing in contemporary society. ART legislation varies considerably across Europe and age limits for access to fertility treatment are rarely defined. The legislation takes into account the preferences of potential parents; children’s preferences, however, are not ascertained. The article discusses a research method used in a survey of older children and young adults. The objective of the survey was to answer the following questions: What age would children prefer their parents to be if they could choose? What are their reasons? Respondents were asked the following question: “How old would you like your mother and father to be when you are 20 (version for respondents younger than 16) or 25 (version for those older than 16) if you could wave a magic wand?” Furthermore, their reasons for wishing a change were identified through an open question, “Why would you like to change the age of your parents?”

Separation logic is an extension of Hoare logic which is acknowledged as an enabling technology for large-scale program verification. It features two new logical connectives, separating conjunction and separating implication, but most of the applications of separation logic have exploited only separating conjunction without considering separating implication. Nevertheless the power of separating implication has been well recognized and there is a growing interest in its use for program verification. This paper develops a proof system for full separation logic which supports not only separating conjunction but also separating implication. The proof system is developed in the style of sequent calculus and satisfies the admissibility of cut. The key challenge in the development is to devise a set of inference rules for manipulating heap structures that ensure the completeness of the proof system with respect to separation logic. We show that our proof of completeness directly translates to a proof search strategy.

Date Presented 04/04/19 This session presents findings from an interpretive descriptive study exploring OTs’ perspectives of patient education in outpatient physical rehabilitation. The recognition of “I don’t have a magic wand” drove the purpose and process of patient education and encouraged alignment of practice with the profession's agentic and client-centered philosophy. Discussion of findings will facilitate attendees’ critical reflection on their own views of patient education. Primary Author and Speaker: Abigail Brody Additional Authors and Speakers: Brocha Stern, Emma Gentile, Emma Hecht, Kathryn Pelech Contributing Authors: Promita Banik, Alisa Doshi, Prema Khan, Joy Sarraf

Information Communication & Technology makes the entire world a Global Village. The high speed connectivity, communication and technology are turn out to be a magic wand for the human progress and prosperity. But it looks so that this progress is confined with the virtual villages like metros and cities. The semi urban and villages looks far behind from the actuality i.e. implementation of ICT. This Paper is not a critic on the Government efforts. It is merely a survey report to put a thought on the efforts inadequacy, unable to reach up to grass root level. The current study will provide a microscopic view of the ground reality of villages especially in Hardwar district and show reasons why implementation of ICT is not effective over there. The probable solution of implementation of ICT is also worked out in the end.

Vision techniques are presently developed, within a GIS environment, to detect any type of structural and infrastructure damage caused by natural catastrophic events. The aim of this paper is to report on the implementation of a software tool which is able to identify the border of any system that could be damaged by a negative event. The potential of an open source tool named “Magic Wand” is investigated in order to create an innovative procedure which allows to quickly select buildings and artefacts in disaster areas. The pixels of satellite images are the input that the tool requires. Some examples are presented in order to provide the main features of the proposed function.

Due to the huge popularization of the stock trading amongst youth, in the recent years more and more of trading and brokerage houses are trying to find a one ‘easy to understand’ tool for the novice traders. Moving average convergence divergence seems to be the main pick and unfortunately inexperienced traders are relying on this one tool for analysis and trading of various securities. In this paper, I will investigate the validity of MACD as the ‘magic wand’ when solely used in investment trading decision making. The main limitation of this study is that it could be used more widely across industries and various sizes of companies, funds, and other trading instruments.

Challenges in dermatology that can be addressed by photonics research will be explored. Non-invasive, real-time diagnosis of skin lesions would eliminate biopsy risks, minimize patient anxiety by providing more rapid answers and allow diagnosis and treatment in a single visit. Multiple approaches have been tried, but significant limitations of current technologies make them impractical for routine clinic implementation. Photonics can also be used for treatment assessment to determine if intervention is adequate or if further treatment is needed. Ideal feedback should be non-invasive, rapid and accurate. Monitoring for potential adverse effects can greatly improve treatment safety, allowing clinicians to push the limits of therapy while preventing serious complications. Light based therapies can also be improved by increasing photon penetration and selectivity for targeted cells or skin structures. Current light based treatments are in many cases limited by photon penetration. In addition, we often seek to damage a specific chromophore but are not able to distinguish between targeted disease and non-targeted normal structures such as the cells of a melanoma and normal melanocytes and port wine stain versus normal vasculature. Scientist and clinician collaboration can address these and other issues and greatly improve patient care.

The market-based approaches taken up seriously in three of the countries are founded on the neoliberal economic ideas that the 'invisible hand', that is the expression of individual interests will produce social benefits as individuals pursue their own goals in private markets. One lens is provided by the scores of students on the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). Meanwhile, next door Canada flirted briefly with privatization ideas in locales such as Ontario, and then rejected those initiatives in favor of a strong public investment strategy. Democratization was a major theme of the early 1970s in Chileone that extended to education. The Finnish version of decentralization is very different from the kind of decentralization that has occurred in jurisdictions pursuing privatization. As in Chile, the market-based approach has been accompanied by considerable deprofessionalization of teaching in both the private and public sectors.

Demands for relevance often become manifest as suspicions about the impact of social scientific inventions beyond the academy. In Chap. 5, Savransky addresses the question of how to think about the effects that knowledge makes to the worlds with which it connects. While those traditions that have embraced a logic of ‘performativity’ may seem well equipped to give an account of this process, Savransky shows that this logic tends to exaggerate claims to efficacy by oversimplifying the ecological relationships between inventions and the milieus with which they connect. In contrast, Savransky calls for attention to the dynamic and circulating forms of causality involved in making connections and examines the complexities of one historical case—the forced introduction of the concept of ‘belief’ in Colonial India.

Even though Carol Shields’s work has received considerable attention, very few monographs have been devoted to her: Adriana Trozzi’s was the first one (Carol Shields’ Magic Wand: Turning the Ordinary into the Extraordinary, 2001) and the second and most recent one so far was Alex Ramon’s enlightening Liminal Spaces: The Double Art of Carol Shields (2008). Contrary to these, Brenda Beckman-Long’s Carol Shields and the Writer-Critic does not examine Shields’s work exhaustively as she leaves asi...

Bibliometry is changing how science is organized . The count and examination of published works and references in research journals seem to be a magic wand that enables us to embrace the boundless, allowing us to capture in figures, talent, success and place, both in the history of science and of humanity.

Summary. Part 1. Some action patterns of the Magpie Goose are clearly ritualized as signal actions, whilst others, although not so ritualized, are none the less characteristic of particular moods of the bird. It is considered that the action patterns form a simple language such that individual geese are aware and can often anticipate the actions of other geese. Particular attention is given to fighting actions, which appear on the second day of a goose's life, and to “concerting”, at first a threat display but later also used in pair maintenance, where it appears very similar in function to the triumph display of true geese. Part 2. The family, comprising the reproductive group and its offspring, is the fundamental entity in Magpie Goose flocks. Males may be paired to one or two females, but they dominate their mates and offspring and defend a “territory” around them from other geese. Magpie Goose flocks are built up of families, each of which acts independently except in an alarm situation, when the flock acts as an entity. Flocks build up at feeding, roosting and watering sites, and although constant in location are probably composed of a different combination of families each day. The flock behaviour of Magpie Geese closely parallels that of the true geese. No alarm stimuli have been found which are innately recognized by Magpie Geese. The fact that alarm stimuli are learnt, taken with the unstable nature of the flocks, suggests that it may be very difficult to produce a “magic wand” which effectively scares the birds from rice crops.

This article explores the reading behaviours of 10 young competent nursery and reception children, The 10 children were selected from a group of 54 case study children involved in the national Bookstart evaluation study, Bookstart: Planting a Seed for Life (2005). This group of young readers, from different socioeconomic groups, were identified as reading in advance of their peers. The first part of this article explores the children's attitudes to reading, their responses to selected texts and their understanding of early phonological and letter knowledge. Second, the article reports on the findings from interviews with the parents of these children in order to illuminate the home literacy events that shape these young children's reading competences. This article is based on the larger scale national evaluation study of the Bookstart project, Bookstart: Planting a Seed for Life (2005). The evaluation was set up to explore the effectiveness of the Bookstart programme and the impact of early book giving on...

International audience; MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are now recognised as key regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes. Over the past few years, hundreds of miRNAs have been identified from various organisms including vertebrates, nematodes, insects and plants. A high level of conservation of some miRNAs from animals to plants underlines their crucial role in eukaryotes. Although biogenesis and mode of action of miRNAs are now quite well understood, their numerous and specific regulatory functions remain to be unravelled. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on miRNAs in insects, which was mainly acquired through the study of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.

Development cannot be left to the “magic wand” of market forces alone. This observation has been vindicated by the dismal failure of the IMF/World Bank policies in Africa since the 1970s/80s. That development needs an active state participation and some deliberately dirigiste policies brooks no controversy. Interestingly, even the World Bank has begrudgingly come to accept the centrality of the state in development after peddling policies premised on market fundamentalism for decades. Consensus is now emerging in development discourses in Africa that both states and markets do play an important complimentary role in the development process. The idea that this article canvasses is that both democracy and development need a robust, capable, democratic developmental state. A democratic developmental state operates in such a way that it leaves ample room for other key non-state actors to make their critical input in the development agenda and the democratization process. The article revisits the debate on the...

Women are delaying starting their families. High-profile women such as Cherie Blair and Madonna are having successful pregnancies with healthy babies in their forties. Is this sending out messages to women that delaying conception during their twenties and thirties is a good idea? Fertility treatment can overcome certain age-related hurdles but is certainly not the magic wand some expect it to be.

I have taught year-long archetypal groups for many years which I describe in A Poem About the Archetypal Group. Usually, we meet in groups of 8 to 10 women and talk about different archetypes and how they represent a part of us. We share stories, tea, and create art. In the poems The Fool Archetype, We All Have The Right To Cast Spells, and Those Who Know and Remember I talk about three different Archetypes and their meanings.

International audience; Separation logic is a well-known assertion language for Hoare-style proof systems. We show that first-order separation logic with a unique record field restricted to two quantified variables and no program variables is undecidable. This is among the smallest fragments of separation logic known to be undecidable, and this contrasts with decidability of two-variable first-order logic. We also investigate its restriction by dropping the magic wand connective, known to be decidable with non-elementary complexity, and we show that the satisfiability problem with only two quantified variables is not yet elementary recursive. Furthermore, we establish insightful and concrete relationships between two-variable separation logic and propositional interval temporal logic (PITL), data logics, and modal logics, providing an inner circle of closely-related logics.

Permission-based verification logics such as separation logic have led to the development of many practical verification tools over the last decade. Verifiers employ the separating conjunction A*B to elegantly handle aliasing problems, framing, race conditions, etc. Introduced along with the separating conjunction, the magic wand connective, written A -* B, can describe hypothetical modifications of the current state, and provide guarantees about the results. Its formal semantics involves quantifying over states: as such, the connective is typically not supported in automatic verification tools. Nonetheless, the magic wand has been shown to be useful in by-hand and mechanised proofs, for example, for specifying loop invariants and partial data structures. In this paper, we show how to integrate support for the magic wand into an automatic verifier, requiring low specification overhead from the tool user, due to a novel approach for choosing footprints for magic wand formulas automatically. We show how to extend this technique to interact elegantly with common specification features such as recursive predicates. Our solution is designed to be compatible with a variety of logics and underlying implementation techniques. We have implemented our approach, and a prototype verifier is available to download, along with a collection of examples., Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), 37, ISSN:1868-8969, 29th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2015), ISBN:978-3-939897-86-6

The commentary by Buchanan et al. 1 in this issue provides a candid assessment of our progress in the search for genetic determinants of complex diseases. Geneticists, physicians, and especially epidemiologists should take note. In the authors’ evaluation, human genome research has been disappointing, yielding few results with a positive impact on public health. Are the authors correct in their assessment? We need to critically evaluate the points raised by Buchanan et al. 1 and consider the practical suggestions that they offer. One useful framework for exploring the themes presented by Buchanan et al. 1 would be to identify two separate goals (among many others) for research in human genomics. First, there is the search for genetic causes of complex diseases. This immense effort serves as the flagship project for discovery science, an exciting and ever-expanding research programme ‘in which one generates large resources of information on biologic molecules in aggregate without necessarily knowing in advance which pieces of information and which correlations will prove most important’ [p. 34 in Ref. (2)]. Epidemiologists have embraced the search for genetic risk factors and are devoting enormous time, effort, and money to the enterprise. Detailed haplotype structures and tag SNPs now make it possible for epidemiologists to conduct genome-wide association studies using DNA collected from persons with and without disease. 4 Although many researchers recommend caution, 3

In this essay I share pedagogical methods I use to introduce “sociological virgins” to the power of the sociological imagination. These techniques often overlap but they fit into the following categories: Telling Stories (historical anecdotes, local or current events, personal accounts from my life or my research experiences); Waving the Sociological Magic Wand; Shock and Awe, and Role Playing.

Antibiotic resistance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria remains a major challenge for clinicians treating HAP. Since the recent release of linezolid and QD, treatment options for resistant gram-positive bacteria have improved. The development of new substances continues and it is hoped that some of them will be available soon. Investigation has centered on gram-positive bacteria, although multiresistant gram-negative pathogens, such as A haumanii, S maltophilia, and resistant P aeruginosa, are of major clinical relevance. New treatment options are unfortunately not in sight. No antibiotic, however, is a miraculous magic wand against resistant bacteria. The bugs are smart; they have been on this world far longer than humans. Regardless of how innovative the mechanism of action of new substances is, resistance will emerge. The solution is certainly not a nihilistic approach leading to a fearful restriction in the use of new substances. No antibiotic, regardless of its potency, can free the clinician from keeping the difficult balance between individual undertreatment and general overtreatment.

Policy analysts sometimes imagine that problems in the individual market can be fixed by waving a magic wand that makes the individual market function more like the group market. However,...