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Tungsten (W) has been of great importance in the industry due to its chemical stability and mechanical properties, which have allowed W to be used in a wide range of applications. However, in the literature most of the research reports focus on the interaction of tungsten with other elements, forming alloys in compounds such as W2C and WC. Tungsten (W) in the form of a film and without alloys is not presented in the literature, so this research work focused on the study of the structural and morphological nature of W films deposited on to glass and silicon (100) substrates by thermo-resistive evaporation at different current values. The structural nature of the layers is studied using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) identifying the characteristic reflections of the crystalline structure of W in the (110), (200), and (211) planes, where it was found that there is no influence of the current applied to the crystalline structure of the layers. The morphological characteristics of the layers were studied using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), finding a direct relationship between the applied current and the values of roughness and grain size, the thickness of the layers varied between 210 and 260 nm. Using scanning electron microscopy, the high densification of the deposited layers will be verified. This research managed to demonstrate the possibility of depositing thin films using the thermo-resistive evaporation technique in which the structural nature of the block material is preserved. These type of films, according to the literature consulted, could be used in the manufacture of interconnections in microprocessors (Lee et al., 2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A historical outline is provided about the pictorial representation of exochorions within Lepidoptera, in selected scientific treatises by prelinnean authors (Aldrovandi, Moffet, Hooke, Malphigi, Merian, Swammerdam, Harris, and Scudder), between 1602 and 1889. Subsequently, a selection of direct precedents in the research line of Llorente-Bousquets and cols. is referred to and commented upon, organized by their associated styles of production (chirography, photography and scanning electron microscope SEM), in order to compare and discuss their respective contributions to exochorionic studies of Papilionoidea (Insecta: Lepidoptera). The D&G+ model of epistemic virtues is revisited as a demarcation criterion for scientific images, to which two components are added: Natural-Objective Mode (MON) and Collaborative Principle of Representational Division of Labor (PCDTR). PCDTR is proposed as a general axiological meta-criterion in the epistemological analysis and evaluation of scientific images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated morphological processing in developing readers and which factors can modulate this process. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the search was carried out in the Web of Science, Scielo and PsycInfo databases, with no time limits. A total of 192 studies were identified. After the eligibility criteria were applied, 34 articles were included in the final sample, including 28 articles from the references of the sample studies. There is evidence that morphological processing occurs, in different languages, around eight years old, with discrepancies depending on individual, linguistic and psycholinguistic variables. Our findings suggest that, initially, morphological decomposition may be restricted to those complex words where there is orthographic and phonological overlap with another monomorphemic word, with activation of the latter driving the decomposition process. The study contributes to a better understanding of how morphological processing occurs during visual word recognition in children, identifying and discussing variables that can modulate this process. We hope that the results of this study can guide future research on the development of reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the results of a taxonomic revision of the species of Bryconamericus from the Amazon River Basin of Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and the Pacific coastal rivers of Peru. Based on morphological analyses, four valid species are recognized: B. bolivianus Pearson 1924, B. osgoodi Eigenmann & Allen 1942, B. pachacuti Eigenmann 1927 and B. phoenicopterus (Cope 1872). Three new species are described: B. lambayequensis sp. n. from the Cañariaco River, Pacific coast, Peru and two from the Amazon River Basin: B. abalio sp. n. from the Ucayali River drainage, Peru, and B. parapetiensis sp. n. from Itenez/Parapeti, Amazonia, Bolivia. Two species are synonymized and one was recently assigned to another genus: Bryconamericus alfredae is considered a junior synonym of Acrobrycon ipanquianus; Bryconamericus grosvenori is a junior synonym of B. bolivianus. A taxonomic key to these species of Bryconamericus and comments on the conservation status of the Amazonian and Pacific coast freshwater ichthyofauna are also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focused on the study of multiple spiral structures in galaxies undergoing various types of interactions, with a specific emphasis on galaxies NGC 4254 and NGC 5985. Using the two-dimensional Fourier transform, the study provides insights into the complex morphological features of these galaxies. NGC 4254, classified as SA(s)c, reveals prominent m = 1 and m = 2 modes in the Fourier analysis, indicating continuous spiral structures extending from the nucleus to the outer regions. In the case of NGC 5985, classified as SAB(r)b, the dominant Fourier modes are m = 1 and m = 2. The study measured the length of the bar to be 3.9 kpc and a ring with a radius of 10.9 kpc. The presence of discontinuous spiral structures is attributed to numerous bifurcations in the spiral arms. In summary, this research provides valuable insights into the nature of multiple spiral structures in interacting galaxies. The two-dimensional Fourier transform proves to be a valuable tool for uncovering morphological details, offering key insights into the evolutionary histories and environmental influences of NGC 4254 and NGC 5985. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work points out the main studies about the syntax of null subjects and their correlated properties in natural languages within the minimalist program. To this end, we presented and discussed the four types of null subject languages which describe the state of the art of the research within the minimalist program, namely: consistent null-subject languages; partial nullsubject languages; radical null-subject languages; and expletive null-subject languages. Considering that Brazilian Portuguese and Finnish are partial null subject languages, we compare the (as)symmetries in the syntax of null subjects between these languages, using approaches not yet widely discussed in the literature. Going beyond the morphology-syntax interface, we conclude that minimalist studies propose that the formal features (hence abstract) in the functional head T are crucial for the licensing and identification of null subjects, including in radical null-subject languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, amphibians are recognized as the most threatened vertebrate group worldwide. In this context, studies that offer tools for amphibian conservation are strategic to reduce the threats to this group. The absence of detailed descriptions and morphological variation of the anuran larval stage and the lack of identification tools increase the difficulty of anuran larval stage identification by non-specialists. Here we present the morphological characterization of tadpoles of 49 anuran species that occur in the Cerrado biome and transitional areas. Also, we compared our characterization with available descriptions of the tadpole and provided comments about the morphological variation found in our samples. Finally, we produced a taxonomic key as a tool for species identification using the anuran larval stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neuphilologische Mitteilungen is the property of Modern Language Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La investigación que origina este artículo fue realizada con el propósito de determinar los cambios morfológicos más significativos en la imagen urbana de la ciudad de Castro, ubicada en el archipiélago de Chiloé, debido al valor histórico y cultural del área central. El trabajo se enfoca en la zona histórica de Castro, con énfasis en los cambios morfológicos ocurridos en los últimos sesenta años (1960-2020). Comprende un análisis bibliográfico y fotográfico para mostrar su evolución arquitectónica en el último siglo, así como una investigación planimétrica para identificar factores influyentes respecto a las princi-pales variaciones urbanísticas, crecimiento demográfico, ocupación de territorio, for-mas de loteo, densidad y trama urbana. Los resultados muestran que los cambios mor-fológicos generados por desastres, como el incendio o el terremoto del año 1960, fueron factores determinantes para la concepción de una imagen de ciudad. Por otra parte, los resultados señalan que la expansión de la ciudad condicionó la consolidación de barrios con tipología arquitectónica diferente a la tradicional y que no corresponde a la cultura local.

The Cryptotis goodwini species group of small-eared shrews (Eulipotyphla, Soricidae) includes at least 12 species discontinuously distributed in the cloud forests from southern Mexico to Honduras. Its taxonomy is still under study, with several species described only in the last decade. Previous genetic studies have highlighted that a population from El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico, previously assigned to C. goodwini , is evolutionarily divergent from the other known species. However, the available specimens from this region have not been examined rigorously. Herein, I use morphological and biogeographic analyses to evaluate the taxonomic status of this population. The results confirm that it is an independent lineage, which I describe here as a new species endemic to Mexico. Overall, this is the largest shrew within the C. goodwini group. Its morphological and genetic distinction is probably due to long-term geographic isolation in the mountains of El Triunfo. I present what is now the first and only record of C. goodwini (sensu stricto) for Mexico. Finally, I identify some priority regions to direct field surveys on the C. goodwini species group to better understand its richness and distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this meta-analysis is to synthesise available research that has evaluated the anthropometric, morphological and somatotype characteristics of water polo players. Studies were identified through electronic databases and manually searched volumes of pertinent journals. It has been determined that a substantial share of the mesomorphic component characterises both male and female water polo players. The somatotype of the junior male section belongs to the balanced mesomorph, while the junior female section belongs to the endomesomorph somatotype. The research of anthropometric characteristics has yielded an average body height and weight of male and female water polo players. It has been determined that the average water polo player has undergone certain changes in terms of some anthropometric characteristics resulting from the secular trend and the morphological adaptation. Higher numerical values in terms of some skeletal dimensionality, voluminosity and body height and mass have proven to be significant indicators of athletic achievement of water polo players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study on the taxonomic characters that have been used to discriminate the different species of the genus Bruchidius included in the unicolor group, represented in the Iberian-Balearic and Canary Islands fauna, is carried out. The taxonomic and biological heterogeneity of the species included in this group is discussed and some criteria are provided for characterization according this heterogeneity. The morphological analysis concludes with the low taxonomic value of its characters to differentiate the species, requiring the use of a set of characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the second half of the nineteenth century, the State of Chile began to settle the various Mapuche groups that remained in what would become Araucanía. Years later, in 1916 and 1917, the State began to draw up colonisation maps of the provinces of Malleco and Cautín in order to gain a comprehensive overview of the territory. These maps include a register of designated Mapuche lands, many of which have endured to the present day. By means of a morphological study of the maps we propose that certain logics of form can be identified in the division of land. Some of these are explicit, in that certain clear morphological interpretations are possible despite the heterogeneity of the lands in question. Others are implicit, influenced by Mapuche logics that pre-date the modern State and have endured in the background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public space is the ideal scenario to analyze and evaluate the correlation between behavior and morphological conditioning factors in the urban structure. This relationship between the behavior of inhabitants and the spatial configuration is experienced as a social result. From this perspective, the success of urban design is perceived from the capacity it has to reconcile spatial conditions with the alternatives it allows for collective relations, from a close and bidirectional relationship. According to urban studies on morphological approaches, from the second half of the twentieth century two formal configurations are recognized: first, one identified as the traditional city layout, understanding cities as interconnected structures of buildings, with the gaps between them forming the blocks; second, the so-called functionalist, whose configuration of buildings includes a free and isolated arrangement in space, generating undefined layouts (Carmona, 2010, p. 77). This research presents a comparative analysis study for public spaces, which combines studies related to the city's typemorphology and crucial treatises on behavior in public spaces. Spatial and behavioral patterns are evaluated in two areas in the city of Quito, Ecuador: on one hand, a square in the Historic Center with a traditional layout: Plaza "La Merced"; and on the other, an urban space with a functionalist layout: Plaza "La República". The study focuses on the generation of diagnostic information that comes directly from the observation of social behavior and the analysis of the morphological elements of the studied space. Finally, this study contrasts the review of specific spatial conditions of a place with the behavioral dynamics of its inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the years 2017 and 2018, leaves and stems with dark brown lesions containing hypophilic telia surrounded by chlorotic halos were collected from Sphaeralcea angustifolia plants located in Axapusco, State of Mexico. Based on the morphological characteristics, the fungus Puccinia sherardiana was identified. Uredinal stage was not detected during the observation period. Verification of the identity of the fungus was carried out by means of a phylogenetic analysis with part of a sequence of the 28S gene of ribosomal DNA. Pathogenicity tests were performed on S. angustifolia plants by inoculating teliospores. The inoculated plants developed symptoms and signs 15 days after inoculation, beginning with the presence of eruptive aecia in the epidermis of the host and later the formation of telia, completing Koch's Postulates. The fungus P. sherardiana was previously described as a rust with a microcyclic life cycle on species of the genera Alcea, Malvastrum, Sidalcea and Sphaeralcea, belonging to the Malvaceae family; however, in this study the pathogen behaved differently. P. sherardiana will continue to be studied to determine if its life cycle is demicyclic in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of the genus Acanthocyclops is described from temporal freshwater bodies in the Sian Ka'an and Calakmul Biosphere Reserves in Southeast Mexico. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp. represents the third species of the genus described from the Neotropics, only after A. rebecae and A. smithae. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp., is recognized as a member of the A. vernalis-robustus species-complex, and its clear divergence with respect to its congeners was supported using comparative morphology and molecular methods. The mtCOI marker revealed a 0.54% K2P divergence within populations of A. fiersi n. sp. and 17.6-22.41% with respect to other members of the A. vernalis-robustus species-complex. Acanthocyclops fiersi n. sp. might be restricted to the Yucatán Peninsula. Comments about the likely underestimated regional diversity of Acanthocyclops and the need of further studies in the Neotropics are provided. An identification key to the species of Acanthocyclops distributed in Mexico is included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The centrifugation of bovine sperm in the 45-90% Percoll gradient is a technique used in in vitro fertilization. The objectives of the study were: to determine the percentages of sperm with positive endosmosis (PE) and negative (NE), individual motility (IM), viability (alive and dead) and normal head and tail morphology at different centrifugation times. The HOST test was used for cell endosmosis, the eosinnigrosin staining for viability and the Minitube Spermac staining for the morphology. Four treatments were evaluated with six repetitions: thawed and centrifuged semen in 45-90% Percoll gradient for 5, 10 and 15 minutes and thawed semen only (control). For the HOST test, the percentages of PE for the 15, 10 and 5 minute centrifugation times were similar with values of 73.92%, 75.19% and 73.63% respectively, however, these differ from the control with 65.11% (P=0.05); the IM percentages for the 15, 10 and 5 minute centrifugation times were 92.00%, 93.00% and 91.50%, being similar to each other, but these differ from the control with 69.5% (P=0.05). The viability was 71.32%, 71.42% and 73.56% for the times of 15, 10 and 5 minutes respectively and they differed from the control with 56.63% (P=0.05). In normal head and tail morphology, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) with values higher than 92% and 82% respectively. It is concluded that centrifugation during 5, 10 or 15 minutes when performing the 45-90% Percoll gradient, does not affect the integrity of the plasma membrane of bovine sperm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus), is a tapeworm that spreads between intermediate and definitive hosts through the ingestion of fecal matter contaminated with the parasite's eggs. The life cycle consists of differentiation from eggs to oncospheres to embryos, which eventually form cysts in organs like the liver, lungs and others. Within these cysts are protoscolices, an intermediate stage of the parasite which develop into adult tapeworms once they infect their definitive hosts. When these hydatid cysts form in humans, it is known as Cystic Echinococcosis (CE). This disease is treated through surgical excision of the cysts and or chemotherapy with benzimidazole compounds. Understanding the morphology of the intermediate developmental stage of E. granulosus, protoscolex stage, can allow researchers to identify defining structural changes and protein functions that could be used to develop treatment modalities for CE. Unique characteristics in the tegumental surface during the protoescolex stage and proteins associated with cyst fertility have all been identified in previous research studies and bring researchers closer to understanding the underlying mechanisms of E. granulosus development, and consequently, means to disrupt it to achieve better control of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

World Taekwondo (WT) as an Olympic sport gained much more attention than before, and there is a growing need for precise and specific profiles of successful taekwondo competitors. Aim of this investigation was to determine body composition, somatotype, and selected anthropometric parameters/indexes of elite taekwondo champions and medal winners on the most demanding taekwondo tournaments in the World. The sample for this research consisted of n=16 (n=4 male; n=12 female) elite taekwondo champions, n=8 juniors and n=8 seniors, who were European (n=13), and World (n=3) champions of European descent. Data was collected longitudinally for seven years since 2015. Obtained results revealed specific (absolute) phenotype of taekwondo champions, following: PI (11.50 female; 11.85 male), HWR (43.96 female; 44.47 male) and BMI (19.96 female; 22.04 male). Further analysis shows that champions have greater values of body height, and have slightly greater ectomorphy and mesomorphy values in regard to other elite competitors. Presented research is the first publication of referent values for the general anthropometric dataset, and such results represent the anthropometric variability of European WT champions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to describe the morphology of the root canal system of the maxillary first molar in a Chilean population through Cone-Beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations. A descriptive observational study was carried out in which the CBCT examinations of patients who were treated in a private maxillofacial radiology center during the period between January and December 2018 in Temuco, Chile, were used which were observed independently by two previously calibrated researchers. In this analysis 199 CBCT exams were observed. In the mesiobuccal root, Type II, I and IV morphologies predominated respectively, while in the distobuccal and palatal root, Type I morphology predominated. The MB2 canal was present in 62.3 % of cases, with a higher prevalence in young patients. Three separate roots and the presence of four canals were observed in most of the maxillary first molars of the patients in Temuco. A high frequency of the MB2 canal was determined in the root MB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The corpus callosum (CC) includes the majority of fibers linking the two brain hemispheres. Several cross sectional studies showed an association between callosal atrophy and malfunction and neurodegenerative diseases, which may play a role in their pathological manifestations. As a result, the accurate quantification of the corpus callosum is important to have normative values according to sex, age and ethnicity. The purpose of this study is to determine the size of CC in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, and compare it to CC size in healthyindividuals. Midsagittal size of CC were recorded prospectively from 404 routine MR brain examinations in normal individuals. The internal skull surface was measured to calculate CC/internal skull surface ratio. Two groups of patients were studied: 200 (100 male/100 female) healthy individuals and 204 (101 males/103 females) with multiple sclerosis (MS). Mean surface area of CC in controls was 6.58±1.04 cm2 and there was no significant difference between males and females (P< 0.627). CC/internal skull surface ratio was 4.44±0.77 %. MS patients showed a significant decrease in CC size compared to normal controls. Using MR imaging, we measured the mean sizes of the various portions of the CC in normal individuals, in addition to MS patients; these values may provide a useful basis to determine changes occurring in CC structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article in question is the result of activities carried out within the scope of the extension project Educação Lúdica: didactic games in basic education, whose objective is to provide students of the Faculty of Letters Dalcídio Jurandir (UFPA/Altamira) and teachers of the basic education network subsidies for the use of didactic games both in Portuguese language classes and in other subjects. The theoretical foundation includes authors such as Comenius (2001), Brougère (1998), Santos (2001), Lauand (2003) and Almeida (2013). The methodology consists of conducting a course that covers theoretical aspects of playful education, knowledge of various types of didactic games through pratical experience, elaboration of replica of the games presented and creation of new games. From a script containing the necessary requirements for the development of a didactic game, the course participants chose a topic as a teaching objective, selected the materials and made their own games. To finish, there was a conversation circle to reflect on the experiences lived during the course. The positive reactions of the participants point to the relevance of the initiative in providing teachers with subsidies for the use of didactic games in their teaching practice. Among the various games worked in the course, the Morfominó game is presented here, designed for activities related to the study of suffixes that indicate augmentative and diminutive suffixes in the Portuguese language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivou-se interpretar a estrutura e a magnitude da distribuição espacial dos atributos da planta em lavoura de soja. Os atributos avaliados foram amostrados numa área de 22 ha, onde a determinação dos pontos de coleta de amostras se realizou em uma malha de 99 pontos. A análise dos dados possibilitou constatar que os componentes de produção e produtividade da soja (produtividade de grãos, massa de 100 grãos, número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por planta, altura da planta, número de internódios, número de grãos por vagem e massa de grãos por planta) apresentaram correlação e variabilidade espacial. Por meio da cokrigagem, se evidenciou significativa correlação espacial entre a produtividade de grãos da soja, e número de vagens por planta, número de grãos por planta e número de internódios, demonstrando que esses atributos podem servir de parâmetros para avaliação indireta da produtividade da soja

Os microplásticos podem ser gerados por diversas atividades humanas e são encontrados em diferentes reservatórios ambientais, como os sedimentos fluviais. Considerando a rica biodiversidade da Amazônia e a intensa interferência antrópica na região, torna-se fundamental avaliar o estado dos seus recursos hídricos. Desse modo, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a abundância, morfologia e cor dos microplásticos nos sedimentos do Rio Xingu, no Pará. A coleta de dados e análises foram realizadas em fevereiro de 2023. Os microplásticos foram coletados nos sedimentos do rio e extraídos a partir de princípios de densidade e flotação. Assim, foi detectada uma abundância média de 204±60 partículas/kg, com prevalência das fibras (56,86%) e dos fragmentos (25%), seguidos pelos feixes de fibra (10,78%) e esferas (7,35%). A maioria dos microplásticos encontrados era transparente (57,84%). Nossos resultados revelaram que a abundância de microplásticos no Rio Xingu é maior do que em sistemas dulcícolas localizados zonas agrícolas e de conservação, sendo comparável com aqueles inseridos em áreas urbanas e industriais. Desse modo, destaca-se a necessidade de ações políticas, sociais e ambientais para remediar a presença de microplásticos em sistemas fluviais amazônicos.

Introducción. El moho del pedúnculo de la piña es un complejo de microorganismos, que se compone por varios hongos, bacterias y levaduras, que afectan a la fruta en su etapa poscosecha. Objetivo. Caracterizar las levaduras asociadas al moho del pedúnculo de la piña en poscosecha, y evaluar el efecto de diferentes temperaturas sobre el crecimiento de las levaduras durante el almacenamiento. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó la caracterización morfológica de 24 aislamientos; posteriormente, se seleccionaron 9 aislamientos representativos para la caracterización molecular. Para evaluar el crecimiento de las levaduras a diferentes temperaturas, se colocaron suspensiones de estas en concentraciones de 10-6 unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) sobre placas Petri con el medio PDA (papa-dextrosa-agar). Las placas se almacenaron en una cámara con temperaturas a 4°C, 8°C, 12°C, 16°C y 20°C, y se contó el número de colonias a los 2, 3, 4 y 5 días, de iniciado el experimento. Resultados. Para la descripción microscópica, las células presentaron formas redondas, ovaladas y cilíndricas. En la descripción macroscópica, las formas de las colonias de las levaduras fueron redondas y/o ovaladas. La consistencia de las colonias de las levaduras no pigmentadas fue mantecosa o cremosa, mientras que en las pigmentadas fueron mucoides. En la descripción molecular, las levaduras pigmentadas se clasificaron en las siguientes especies: Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, R. toruloides, R. diobovata, Sporidiobolus pararoseus y S. carnicolor, y las levaduras no pigmentadas en Candidata intermedia, Meyerozyma guilliermondii y M. caribbica. Para el ensayo de temperaturas, se observó que conforme la temperatura de almacenamiento disminuyó en 4°C, las colonias de las levaduras tardaron un día más en hacerse visibles. Conclusión. Se encontró similitud entre la morfología de los aislamientos, por lo que la caracterización molecular permitió identificar la presencia de especies con potencial de biocontroladores para los patógenos asociados al moho.

Este artigo se desenvolve a partir das considerações de que a apropriações nos espaços públicos urbanos está relacionada com os usos e ocupações do solo urbano, e que, a leitura do aspecto edificado do tecido urbano é chave de interpretação para as relações que se estabelecem nos espaços públicos. O principal objetivo é apresentar a influência do uso e ocupação do solo na apropriação do entorno da praça Regina Frigeri Furno, em Vitória-ES. Para tanto, o estudo de caso divide-se em três partes, sendo que a primeira busca estabelecer e entender os períodos de consolidação do tecido urbano em questão; a segunda parte corresponde a análise tipo-morfológica do entorno imediato à praça; e, por fim, a terceira demonstra as relações de apropriação do espaço público com os edifícios do entorno da praça. Como resultado, foi possível demonstrar as considerações iniciais da pesquisa, sendo que, as atividades comerciais e de prestação de serviços, ao lado da própria constituição do tecido urbano, influenciaram nas dinâmicas observadas de apropriação dos espaços públicos.

O modo como os arranha-céus são implementados na forma urbana é primordial para mitigar seus impactos na paisagem da cidade e na percepção ao nível do observador a fim de evitar a falta de relação com edificações existentes. Este artigo propõe uma simulação volumétrica de um arranha-céu na cidade de Porto Alegre abordando a questão contextual – conceito apresentado pelo Council on Tall Building and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) que envolve a morfologia de arranha-céus no século XXI. A análise da simulação, fundamentada na história da verticalização da capital gaúcha, permite examinar dois períodos distintos: morfologia estabelecida por leis de gabarito/escalonamento e a morfologia oriunda de regras do Plano Diretor, período atual. O artigo parte do estudo de Abreu Filho sobre “Vertigem das Alturas”, em que são avaliadas as relações entre a altura e o uso do solo do objeto simulado, em crítica aos Planos Diretores da capital gaúcha. O trabalho possibilita explicar, a partir de um modelo de implementação de projetos de edifícios altos, aspectos de conformação ao contexto pré-existente.

Introducción. La quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) es un cultivo estratégico e importante en la seguridad y soberanía alimentaria. Es el único alimento vegetal que proporciona todos los aminoácidos esenciales. Su amplia diversidad varietal constituye un acervo genético valioso, se adapta a diferentes condiciones agroecológicas y es tolerante a heladas, sequías y salinidad. Objetivo. Caracterización morfoagronómica de la quinua nativa tipo Chimborazo en Ecuador. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en la provincia de Chimborazo, cantón Colta, parroquia Sicalpa, comunidad de Ocpote Tablarumi en Ecuador entre enero y julio de 2021. Se emplearon semillas pertenecientes a una familia andina que las ha seleccionado y conservado ciclo tras ciclo de cultivo durante generaciones familiares. El cultivo se estableció con siembra a chorro continuo a razón de 12 kg/ha en un área total de la parcela de 640 m2 (estimado de 10 240 plantas). Después de la emergencia se seleccionaron al azar y se marcaron 100 plantas que se tomaron como unidades básicas para la caracterización de la población. Se utilizaron descriptores fenotípicos del cultivo establecidos a nivel internacional y se evaluaron caracteres cualitativos (16) y cuantitativos (12). Resultados. Los resultados evidenciaron variabilidad fenotípica. El color del tallo, el color de las estrías, el diámetro de la panoja, longitud de la panoja y días a la cosecha fueron las características que más contribuyeron a la variabilidad observada. Conclusiones. La población de plantas de quinua nativa tipo Chimborazo evaluada a través de 100 individuos, mostró variabilidad fenotípica tanto en características cuantitativas como cualitativas, y con mayor frecuencia en el diámetro de la panoja, la longitud de la panoja, la longitud del peciolo, la altura de la planta, el ancho de la hoja, el rendimiento, el color del tallo y el color de las estrías.

Un estudio de la realidad lingüística en el sur peruano a través de su toponomástica de impronta andina que ponemos a disposición de los especialistas. El castellano arequipeño es el resultado del sustrato quechua, aimara y puquina. Con un enfoque historicista explicaremos el pasado lingüístico, concluyendo que esta variedad no tiene vinculación quechua solamente como se oye por el peso de la tesis del quechuismo primitivo, sino aimara o puquina; examinaremos topónimos de la parte suroriental de la ciudad presentes aún y otros que fueron renominalizados. Los datos los obtuvimos en base al trabajo de campo y de fuentes archivísticas; escogimos una muestra de toponimia mayor y menor para su análisis; confirmando la hipótesis sobre la presencia puquina en la zona estudiada, además de su relación con otras lenguas andinas mayormente la aimara que indicaría un grado de bilingüismo para la época; concluimos asimismo que la muestra toponomástica resultó poliglósica.

La anémona de mar Phymactis clematis posee un esfínter circunscripto de tipo palmado cuya longitud oscila entre 1,06 a 1,67 mm y un ancho entre 0,76 a 1,21 mm. Dicho músculo está constituido por un eje mesogleal y numerosos subejes mesogleales; tanto el eje como los subejes dan sostén al endodermo constitutivo del músculo cuyo borde es liso. Para evaluar la fuerza contráctil se estimuló el esfínter con concentraciones crecientes de KCl en agua de mar en un rango de 20 a 200 mM. Los resultados fueron representados por curvas dosis-respuesta obteniéndose una curva sigmoidea donde la máxima fuerza desarrollada fue de 2,68 ± 0,20 g, con 200 mM de KCl. Se purificaron las proteínas contráctiles a partir de un homogenato en alta fuerza iónica. Luego de centrifugaciones el precipitado obtenido fue resuspendido y una alícuota fue corrida por SDS-PAGE 10%. El análisis de los geles mostró las bandas características de la cadena pesada de miosina, actina, miosinas livianas y una de PM de 105 kDa, la que probablemente corresponda a paramiosina, proteína característica de los invertebrados. La caracterización del esfínter marginal nos permitirá comparar este músculo en distintas situaciones de stress y en diferentes condiciones ambientales y observar las adaptaciones morfológicas, funcionales y bioquímicas que presenta frente a estas variables.

Se hizo una revisión de la bibliografía para la región del Caribe mexicano y cubano con la finalidad de conocer la lista se especies registradas del género Udotea. Se obtuvo un total de 14 entidades para México y 19 para Cuba. Se realizaron colectas de diferentes especies del género Udotea en localidades representativas del Caribe mexicano y cubano, y se evaluaron los caracteres taxonómicos actualmente en uso para la identificación de especies de este género. Finalmente se hizo una evaluación y discusión de los caracteres utilizados para la segregación de especies. A pesar de lo conclusivos que pueden ser los exámenes moleculares para delimitar especies, puede decirse que existe un complejo de especies que aún requieren delimitación morfológica precisa. Udotea dixonii D.S. Littler et M.M Littler y U. flabellum (Ellis et Solander) M. Howe difieren en menos de un 25% de caracteres, de los cuales no siempre se presentan en forma discreta. Semejante problema se presenta entre Udotea looensis D.S. Littler et M.M Littler y U. spinulosa Howe. Consideramos que aún no está resuelta la taxonomía del género en el Atlántico Occidental Tropical. Se ofrecen algunos detalles sobre las estructuras fértiles en Udotea caribaea D.S. Littler et M.M Littler.

El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir con la caracterización de los estilos cerámicos utilizados durante el Período Tardío en el Noroeste argentino a partir del estudio de un conjunto cerámico obtenido en el sitio Loma l´Ántigo, un poblado residencial ocupado entre fines del siglo XIII y fines del siglo XV, situado en el valle del Cajón (Catamarca, Argentina). Se describen y analizan las características estéticas visuales -morfología, tratamiento de superficie, iconografía- y se presenta una caracterización a bajos aumentos de las pastas. Estos resultados son puestos en relación con lo conocido en regiones vecinas, y a partir de ello se plantea la existencia de patrones estéticos y tecnológicos compartidos que atraviesan diferentes espacios geográficos y también cruzan las categorías estilísticas planteadas tradicionalmente para el área y período cronológico mencionados.

Organizacionismos se centra en el problema del rigor geométrico en el estudio de la forma de proyectos de arquitectura paradigmáticos, con el fin de encontrar en ellos los elementos, las relaciones y los comportamientos que los determinan como sistemas formales singulares. Haciendo hincapié en la precisión de la construcción geométrica por medio del uso de plataformas digitales en instancias progresivas de complejización. La construcción de modelos y su parametrización es un medio para el desarrollo de organizaciones precisas y configuraciones formales que escapan a criterios estrictamente funcionales o tectónicos, y se centran en la relación entre los elementos que las componen. El objetivo es la construcción, tanto práctica como argumentativa, de configuraciones complejas emergentes de variaciones formales de casos de estudio arquitectónicos, con el fin de construir marcos de evaluación precisos respecto de su organización en cuanto a forma y comportamiento geométrico. Se evitan procedimientos ligados a aspectos funcionales y se hace foco en la configuración de organizaciones formales basadas en la construcción de modelos según instancias de relacionalidad variables. De este modo, se procura la construcción de una normativa singular del modelo geométrico, con el objeto de construir instancias de variabilidad que deriven en proyectos nuevos.

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a causativização no Asuriní do Xingu, língua Tupí Guaraní, falada pelo povo Asuriní que vive no município de Altamira, estado do Pará. Partindo de pressupostos teóricos da linguística tipológico-funcional, nele são discutidos a formação dos predicados causativos, os tipos de causativização encontrados na língua e os efeitos que provocam na sentença. A causativização morfológica é o tipo predominante nessa língua, sendo os morfemas (mu-), (eru-) e (-ukat) responsáveis por ela. A análise mostra que o morfema (eru-) desempenha função causativa na língua, assim como em Kamaiurá e Emerillon. Ao mesmo tempo, distingue-se de outras línguas da família, como o Guajá e o Tenetehára, para as quais esse morfema é descrito como um aplicativo. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que os dois primeiros morfemas se afixam a raízes verbais intransitivas, enquanto (-ukat) se afixa a raízes transitivas. Após a afixação do morfema causativo ao verbo, a sentença sofre alterações estruturais e funcionais.

Neste artigo, apresentamos alguns aspectos da morfologia nominal da língua Kỳikatêjê1. Inicialmente, apresentamos uma visão geral sobre a língua e o povo Kỳikatêjê da aldeia Kôjakati. Em seguida, descrevemos os tipos de nomes existentes na língua e suas propriedades gramaticais, como as categorias de número e gênero. Por fim, discutimos alguns aspectos da morfologia derivacional dos nomes em Kỳikatêjê, a saber, atenuação, intensificação e a composição. Pretendemos contribuir para os estudos Jê, para um maior e melhor entendimento sobre essa classe de palavra e para o estudo da língua no âmbito escolar, uma vez que o atual estado da língua é de obsolescência, sendo falada apenas pelos idosos e em contextos cada vez mais restritos nos domínios sociais na aldeia Kôjakati.

El espacio público es el escenario idóneo para analizar y evaluar la correlación existente entre el comportamiento y las condicionantes morfológicas en la estructura urbana. Esta relación entre el comportamiento de habitantes y la configuración espacial se experimenta como un resultante social. Desde esta perspectiva, se percibe el éxito del diseño urbano desde la capacidad que tiene de conciliar las condiciones espaciales con las alternativas que permite a las relaciones colectivas, desde una relación estrecha y bidireccional. De acuerdo con los estudios urbanos sobre aproximaciones morfológicas, a partir de la segunda mitad del siglo XX se reconocen dos configuraciones formales: primero, la que se identifica como esquema de ciudad tradicional, en tanto entender las ciudades como estructuras interconectadas de edificaciones, por lo que los vacíos que quedan entre ellas son los que configuran las manzanas; segundo, la denominada funcionalista, cuya configuración de edificaciones comprende una disposición libre y aislada en el espacio, generando esquemas indefinidos (Carmona, 2010, p. 77). Esta investigación presenta un estudio comparativo de análisis para los espacios públicos, el cual conjuga estudios relacionados con tipo-morfología de la ciudad y tratados cruciales sobre el comportamiento en los espacios públicos. Se evalúan los patrones espaciales y de comportamiento en dos áreas en la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador: por un lado, una plaza en el Centro Histórico con un esquema tradicional: Plaza “La Merced”; y por otro, un espacio urbano con un esquema funcionalista: Plaza “La República”. El estudio se enfoca en la generación de información diagnóstica que proviene directamente de la observación sobre el comportamiento social y el análisis de los elementos morfológicos del espacio estudiado. Finalmente, este estudio contrasta la revisión de condiciones espaciales específicas de un lugar con las dinámicas de comportamiento de sus habitantes.

O artigo em tela é fruto das atividades realizadas no âmbito do projeto de extensão Educação Lúdica: jogos didáticos na educação básica, cujo objetivo é fornecer a alunos da Faculdade de Letras Dalcídio Jurandir (UFPA/Altamira) e professores da rede de educação básica subsídios para a utilização de jogos didáticos tanto em aulas de língua portuguesa como de outras disciplinas. A fundamentação teórica inclui autores como Comenius (2001), Brougère (1998), Santos (2001), Lauand (2003) e Almeida (2013). A metodologia consiste na realização de um curso que abrange aspectos teóricos da educação lúdica, conhecimento de variados tipos de jogos didáticos por meio de experiência prática, elaboração de réplicas dos jogos apresentados e criação de novos jogos. A partir de um roteiro contendo os requisitos necessários para o desenvolvimento de um jogo didático, os cursistas escolheram um tópico como objetivo de ensino, selecionaram os materiais e confeccionaram seus próprios jogos. Para finalizar, houve uma roda de conversa para reflexão a respeito das experiências vivenciadas no período do curso. As reações positivas dos participantes apontam para a relevância da iniciativa no sentido de fornecer aos professores subsídios para a utilização de jogos didáticos em sua prática docente. Dentre os diversos jogos trabalhados no curso, apresenta-se aqui o jogo Morfominó, elaborado para atividades relacionadas ao estudo dos sufixos indicadores de grau aumentativo e diminutivo na língua portuguesa.

El presente artículo se propone analizar dimensiones y desafíos del lenguaje inclusivo en la coyuntura argentina actual, considerando el lenguaje inclusivo como problemática que involucra un haz de cuestiones de diversa índole. En particular, el trabajo distingue dos dimensiones. Una primera dimensión aborda un estudio de discursos y saberes metalingüísticos, entre los cuales se detiene en las guías producidas por organismos estatales argentinos. Esta dimensión considera tanto las definiciones de lenguaje y concepciones sobre la relación entre lenguaje y género que anidan en los documentos como las modalidades con las cuales se inscriben las recomendaciones y ejemplos concretos. La segunda dimensión se dedica al tratamiento de las prácticas lingüísticas y discursivas, atendiendo específicamente a cuestiones de variación morfológica entre en las formas flexivas (masculinas, femeninas, no binarias). Para esta segunda dimensión, la propuesta consiste en una aproximación a fenómenos de morfología lingüística a la luz del concepto pecheutiano de formación discursiva.

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present a taxonomic revision of maned sloths, subgenus Bradypus (Scaeopus), a taxon endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and currently composed of a single species, the vulnerable Bradypus torquatus. Our review is based on coalescent species delimitation analyses using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA, morphological analyses, and field observations. Our integrative approach demonstrates that two species of maned sloth can be recognized: the northern maned sloth (Bradypus torquatus Illiger, 1811) occurring in the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe, and the southern maned sloth (Bradypus crinitus Gray, 1850), occurring in Rio de Janeiro and Espirito Santo states. The two species diverged in the Early Pliocene and are allopatrically distributed. We discuss the biogeographic pattern of the two maned sloth species, comparing it with other Atlantic Forest mammals. We also suggest that the conservation status of both maned sloths needs to be reassessed after this taxonomic rearrangement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We applied an integrative taxonomic framework to evaluate the systematics of the Neotropical Black-and-white Becard (Pachyramphus albogriseus Sclater 1857). Combining phylogenomic (ultraconserved elements), morphological, and vocalization data, we confirmed that this species is polyphyletic; some individuals form a clade sister to P. polychopterus and should be afforded species rank as P. salvini Richmond 1899 (Slender-billed Becard), whereas the remaining subspecies of P. albogriseus (Broad-banded Becard) are sister to P. major. We found that P. salvini differs from P. albogriseus in song, color of the lores, wing-bar width, body size, and bill width. Whereas P. albogriseus occurs in montane forest in Costa Rica and Panama (ssp. ornatus) and along the eastern slope of the Andes from northern Venezuela to southern Peru (ssp. albogriseus), P. salvini is found in the lowlands from Pacific Colombia south to northwest Peru and in the Río Marañón drainage. The latter also occurs, possibly only seasonally, along the eastern slope of the Andes, where the two species' ranges approach closely. We treat P. a. guayaquilensis Zimmer 1936 as a junior synonym of P. salvini Richmond 1899, and P. a. coronatus Phelps and Phelps 1953 as a junior synonym of P. a. albogriseus Sclater 1857. This study provides a striking example of a major problem for comparative biology: underestimated and mischaracterized diversity. We argue that there are likely many more cases like this awaiting discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Filología Clásica: Estudios Griegos e Indoeuropeos is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) occupies the first place among roots and tubers planted in Cuba, with yields that have decreased in the last decade. One of the great limitations in potato production are diseases, which affect plants and tubers. The aphids Myzus persicae Sulc and Aphis gossypii Glover are the main species that directly affect the crop in addition to acting as vectors of viral diseases casing the greatest losses to the crop. On the other hand, the manifestations of climate change and trade favor the introduction of new pests such as Bactericera cockerelii Sulc, a potential pest of great importance for the crop. Based on these elements, the objective of this study was to carry out a bibliographic review that made it possible to make available elements that increased knowledge about the identification of vectors and the diseases of probable occurrence in potato to researchers, decision-makers, and technicians. This review will provide them with aspects for the identification, distribution, hosts, damage, and biology of these insects, as well as management methods for their surveillance. From various databases, 41 papers published in journals between 1987 and 2023 were selected. . They will contribute to preserving one of the crops that, due to its productive efficiency and consumption, allows guaranteeing food security of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hungarianidentification keys published so far only allowed the recognition of two Asplenium trichomanes agg. taxa: A. trichomanes subsp. trichomanes and A. t. subsp. quadrivalens. As a result of research in Hungarian herbaria, field surveys and literature review, the occurrence of three tetraploid taxa of Asplenium trichomanes agg. was confirmed in Hungary. Among them, subsp. quadrivalens is widespread throughout the country and can be considered as a common taxon. Thanks to the work of Stefan Jessen, some published data on the occurrence of subsp. hastatum and nothosubsp. lovisianum (the sterile hybrid of subsp. quadrivalens and subsp. hastatum) in Hungary have been known in the literature since 1995. This information, however, has not been included in Hungarian botanical knowledge. These taxa were rediscovered in 2022, thanks to the systematic urban flora mapping of Pécs (since 2006), and herbarium revisions in the same year. Based on our research, in addition to the well-known characteristics, identification of these taxa can also be done according to the proportion of pinnae with lobed base: <20% of pinnae in the case of subsp. quadrivalens, and >50% of pinnae in the case of subsp. hastatum are lobed (auriculate) and symmetrical, while the proportion of lobed base in their hybrid is transitional, much closer to that of subsp. quadrivalens. Based on the known distribution of subsp. hastatum (Aggtelek Karst, Bükk, Buda Mts, Bakony, Sopron Mts, Mecsek), it is a particularly rare, calciphilous fern of the colline-montane belt in Hungary, that would also deserve the classification into the endangered (EN) category of IUCN. For now, however, we recommend treating it as a data-deficient (DD) taxon. Based on the literature, the tetraploid subsp. pachyrachis also has herbarium data from Hungary, however, the revision of the available specimens seems to refute this finding, for now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Asphondylia leucaenae Skuhravá sp. nov. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described from Mexico. Galls occur in flower buttons deforming the fruits of Leucaena diversifolia and L. leucocephala galls (Fabaceae). The presence of these make it impossible to form fruits and cause the death of the branch. Male, female, larva, pupa, and gall are described, and the biology is commented. This new species is only the gall midge species known on Leucaena genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prosopis species (mesquite trees) provide one of the main Non-Timber Forest Products of the Monte Desert and their pods have played an important role as a source of livelihood for the inhabitants of most arid regions of America. Our goals for this study were to analyze the morphological variability of P. flexuosa (mesquite) fruits and the chemical-nutritional properties (moisture content, ash, total protein, total lipids, total crude fiber, soluble sugars and total carbohydrates) of the endocarp-free flour in eight provenances distributed along the latitudinal gradient of the Monte desert (Pipanaco, Fiambalá, Chilecito, Telteca, Montecaseros, Las Catitas, Ñacuñán and San Rafael). The fruits were collected from locations isolated from each other by mountain ranges or by a distance of more than 100 km. A latitudinal differentiation in fruit morphology was observed between the locations. Those from the northernmost location (latitude 27° 58' - 29° 29' S) differed in their morphological characteristics in that they were longer, and therefore have more knots and seeds than the fruits of the southernmost populations (latitude 32° 22' - 35° 18' S). However, there was no observed effect of geographical location on the chemical characterization of the flour. Only the total fat content was higher in the southern population. P. flexuosa flour from Mendoza contained high levels of soluble sugars and carbohydrates in Telteca, which could be related to the water stress tolerance of mesquite trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp., are among the top three most significant nematode parasites of a wide range of vascular plants including several economically important crops. There are more than 100 described species. Identification at the species level is difficult due to morphological similarities and overlapping morphometric characters. This research was carried out between 2017 and 2019 with the aim of identifying Pratylenchus species associated with four crops in Costa Rica. Species of Pratylenchus were identified by their morphological features and with molecular methods. For molecular analysis, rDNA 28S expansion segments D2-D3 were amplified by PCR with D2A and D3B primers and the ITS1 region with the 18S and rDNA1 primers, which were subsequently sent for sequencing. Phylogenetic relationships between Pratylenchus species were established by Bayesian Inference, based on the sequences analyzed. Three species of Pratylenchus were detected: P. brachyurus associated with pineapple (Ananas comosus), P. coffeae with plantain (Musa paradisiaca), and P. zeae associated with rice (Oryza sativa) and star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis). Of the three Pratylenchus species identified in this research, this is the first report of P. zeae associated with star grass in Costa Rica, however, this species had already been reported in rice in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) belongs to the genus Alligator, which is a unique crocodile in China. In order to study the macroscopic structure of the heart of Chinese alligator, we performed detailed cardiac anatomy on five specimens. The heart is in the cranial mediastinum. It is caudally involved by the liver cranial margins, and ventrally by the ribs, intercostal muscles, and sternum and dorsally by the lungs. The wild Chinese alligator heart is a typical four-chamber heart, with two (right and left) atria and ventricles, left and right aorta, pulmonary artery and subclavian artery branch from the aorta. Morphology measures the circumference (129.36 mm), weight (44.14 g), and length of the heart from apex to bottom (52.50 mm). Studies have shown that the shape of the wild Chinese alligator’s heart is consistent with the anatomy of other crocodiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]