652 results on '"Lotze-Campen, Hermann"'
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102. We need a food system transformation—In the face of the Russia-Ukraine war, now more than ever
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Pörtner, Lisa M., primary, Lambrecht, Nathalie, additional, Springmann, Marco, additional, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Gaupp, Franziska, additional, Freund, Florian, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Gabrysch, Sabine, additional
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- 2022
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103. Landscape-scale repercussions of global action for climate and biodiversity protection
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von Jeetze, Patrick, primary, Weindl, Isabelle, additional, Johnson, Justin, additional, Borrelli, Pasquale, additional, Panagos, Panos, additional, Bacca, Edna Molina, additional, Karstens, Kristine, additional, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Dietrich, Jan, additional, Minoli, Sara, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
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- 2022
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104. Assessing Inter-Sectoral Climate Change Risks: The Role of ISIMIP
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Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Arnell, Nigel W, Ebi, Kristie L, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Raes, Frank, Rapley, Chris, Smith, Mark Stafford, Cramer, Wolfgang, Frieler, Katja, Reyer, Christopher P. O, Schewe, Jacob, van Vuuren, Detlef, and Warszawski, Lila
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Meteorology And Climatology - Abstract
The aims of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP) are to provide a framework for the intercomparison of global and regional-scale risk models within and across multiple sectors and to enable coordinated multi-sectoral assessments of different risks and their aggregated effects. The overarching goal is to use the knowledge gained to support adaptation and mitigation decisions that require regional or global perspectives within the context of facilitating transformations to enable sustainable development, despite inevitable climate shifts and disruptions. ISIMIP uses community-agreed sets of scenarios with standardized climate variables and socioeconomic projections as inputs for projecting future risks and associated uncertainties, within and across sectors. The results are consistent multi-model assessments of sectoral risks and opportunities that enable studies that integrate across sectors, providing support for implementation of the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
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- 2017
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105. Climate change risks for African agriculture
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Müller, Christoph, Cramer, Wolfgang, Hare, William L., Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Kates, Robert W.
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- 2011
106. Managing the Low-Carbon Transition – From Model Results to Policies
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Knopf, Brigitte, Edenhofer, Ottmar, Flachsland, Christian, Kok, Marcel T. J., Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Luderer, Gunnar, Popp, Alexander, and van Vuuren, Detlef P.
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- 2010
107. On sustainability of bioenergy production: Integrating co-emissions from agricultural intensification
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Popp, Alexander, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Leimbach, Marian, Knopf, Brigitte, Beringer, Tim, Bauer, Nico, and Bodirsky, Benjamin
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- 2011
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108. Accounting for local temperature effect substantially alters afforestation patterns
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Windisch, Michael Gregory, primary, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Lejeune, Quentin, additional, Schleussner, Carl-Friedrich, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
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- 2022
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109. Economically Efficient and Environmentally Sustainable Irrigation Potentials: a Spatially Explicit Global Assessment
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Beier, Felicitas Dorothea, primary, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Karstens, Kristine, additional, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Stenzel, Fabian, additional, von Jeetze, Patrick José, additional, Popp, Alexander, additional, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional
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- 2022
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110. From LTER to LTSER : Conceptualizing the Socioeconomic Dimension of Long-term Socioecological Research
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Haberl, Helmut, Winiwarter, Verena, Andersson, Krister, Ayres, Robert U., Boone, Christopher, Castillo, Alicia, Cunfer, Geoff, Fischer-Kowalski, Marina, Freudenburg, William R., Furman, Eeva, Kaufmann, Rüdiger, Krausmann, Fridolin, Langthaler, Ernst, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mirtl, Michael, Redman, Charles L., Reenberg, Anette, Wardell, Andrew, Warr, Benjamin, and Zechmeister, Harald
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- 2006
111. Land-use transition for bioenergy and climate stabilization: model comparison of drivers, impacts and interactions with other land use based mitigation options
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Popp, Alexander, Rose, Steven K., Calvin, Katherine, Van Vuuren, Detlef P., Dietrich, Jan Phillip, Wise, Marshall, Stehfest, Elke, Humpenöder, Florian, Kyle, Page, Van Vliet, Jasper, Bauer, Nico, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Klein, David, and Kriegler, Elmar
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- 2014
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112. The value of bioenergy in low stabilization scenarios: an assessment using REMIND-MAgPIE
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Klein, David, Luderer, Gunnar, Kriegler, Elmar, Strefler, Jessica, Bauer, Nico, Leimbach, Marian, Popp, Alexander, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, Humpenöder, Florian, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Edenhofer, Ottmar
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- 2014
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113. Trade-offs between land and water requirements for large-scale bioenergy production
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Bonsch, Markus, Humpenöder, Florian, Popp, Alexander, Bodirsky, Benjamin, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, Rolinski, Susanne, Biewald, Anne, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Weindl, Isabelle, Gerten, Dieter, and Stevanovic, Miodrag
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- 2016
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114. Food consumption, diet shifts and associated non-CO 2 greenhouse gases from agricultural production
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Popp, Alexander, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Bodirsky, Benjamin
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- 2010
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115. Estimating global land system impacts of timber plantations using MAgPIE 4.3.5
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Mishra, Abhijeet, primary, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, additional, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Sohngen, Brent, additional, P. O. Reyer, Christopher, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
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- 2021
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116. German pig farmers’ perceived agency under different nitrogen policies
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Stuhr, Luisa, primary, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Jaeger-Erben, Melanie, additional, Beier, Felicitas, additional, Hunecke, Claudia, additional, Collignon, Quitterie, additional, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional
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- 2021
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117. Climate Change and Food Systems
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Mirzabaev, Alisher, Olsson, Lennart, Bezner Kerr, Rachel, Pradhan, Prajal, Rivera Ferre, Marta Guadalupe, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann
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Food systems ,Climate change ,Inequalities ,Natural resources, energy and environment - Abstract
Climate change affects the functioning of all the components of food systems, often in ways that exacerbate existing predicaments and inequalities between regions of the world and groups in society. At the same time, food systems are a major cause for climate change, accounting for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, food systems can and should play a much bigger role in climate policies. This policy brief highlights nine actions points for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the food systems. The policy brief shows that numerous practices, technologies, knowledge and social capital already exist for climate action in the food systems, with multiple synergies with other important goals such as the conservation of biodiversity, safeguarding of ecosystem services, sustainable land management and reducing social and gender inequalities. Many of these solutions are presently being applied at local scales around the world, even if not at sufficient levels. Hence, the major effort for unleashing their potential would involve overcoming various technical, political- economic and structural barriers for their much wider application. Some other solutions require research and development investments now but focus on helping us meet the longer-term challenges of climate change on food systems in the second half of this century when most existing food production practices will face unprecedented challenges. In the short term, these pro- poor policy changes and support systems can create a range of positive changes well beyond food systems without delay. In the long-term, investments in research will help ensure food security and ecosystem integrity for coming generations.
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- 2021
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118. Pathways to Sustainable Land-Use and Food Systems in India By 2050
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Jha, Chandan Kumar, Singh, Vartika, Stevanovic, Miodrag, Dietrich, Philipp, Saxena, Satyam, Mosnier, Aline, Weindl, Isabelle, Bodirsky, Benjamin, Popp, Alexander, Ghosh, Ranjan, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Schmidt-Traub, Guido
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Agricultural and Food Policy ,Land Economics/Use - Abstract
Paper# 19546
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- 2021
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119. Improving the Depiction of Uncertainty in Simulation Models by Exploiting the Potential of Gaussian Quadratures
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Grethe, Harald, Banse, Martin, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Zimmermann, Georg, Stepanyan, Davit, Grethe, Harald, Banse, Martin, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Zimmermann, Georg, and Stepanyan, Davit
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Simulationsmodelle sind ein etabliertes Instrument zur Analyse von Auswirkungen exogener Schocks in komplexen Systemen. Die in jüngster Zeit gestiegene verfügbare Rechenleistung und -geschwindigkeit hat die Entwicklung detaillierterer und komplexerer Simulationsmodelle befördert. Dieser Trend hat jedoch Bedenken hinsichtlich der Unsicherheit solcher Modellergebnisse aufgeworfen und daher viele Nutzer von Simulationsmodellen dazu motiviert, Unsicherheiten in ihren Simulationen zu integrieren. Eine Möglichkeit dies systematisch zu tun besteht darin, stochastische Elemente in die Modellgleichungen zu integrieren, wodurch das jeweilige Modell zu einem Problem (mehrfacher) numerischer Integrationen wird. Da es für solche Probleme meist keine analytischen Lösungen gibt, werden numerische Approximationsmethoden genutzt. Die derzeit zur Quantifizierung von Unsicherheiten in Simulationsmodellen genutzt en Techniken, sind entweder rechenaufwändig (Monte Carlo [MC] -basierte Methoden) oder liefern Ergebnisse von heterogener Qualität (Gauß-Quadraturen [GQs]). In Anbetracht der Bedeutung von effizienten Methoden zur Quantifizierung von Unsicherheit im Zeitalter von „big data“ ist es das Ziel dieser Doktorthesis, Methoden zu entwickeln, die die Näherungsfehler von GQs verringern und diese Methoden einer breiteren Forschungsgemeinschaft zugänglich machen. Zu diesem Zweck werden zwei neuartige Methoden zur Quantifizierung von Unsicherheiten entwickelt und in vier verschiedene, große partielle und allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle integriert, die sich mit Agrarumweltfragen befassen. Diese Arbeit liefert methodische Entwicklungen und ist von hoher Relevanz für angewandte Simulationsmodellierer. Obwohl die Methoden in großen Simulationsmodellen für Agrarumweltfragen entwickelt und getestet werden, sind sie nicht durch Modelltyp oder Anwendungsgebiet beschränkt, sondern können ebenso in anderen Zusammenhängen angewandt werden., Simulation models are an established tool for assessing the impacts of exogenous shocks in complex systems. Recent increases in available computational power and speed have led to simulation models with increased levels of detail and complexity. However, this trend has raised concerns regarding the uncertainty of such model results and therefore motivated many users of simulation models to consider uncertainty in their simulations. One way is to integrate stochastic elements into the model equations, thus turning the model into a problem of (multiple) numerical integration. As, in most cases, such problems do not have analytical solutions, numerical approximation methods are applied. The uncertainty quantification techniques currently used in simulation models are either computational expensive (Monte Carlo [MC]-based methods) or produce results of varying quality (Gaussian quadratures [GQs]). Considering the importance of efficient uncertainty quantification methods in the era of big data, this thesis aims to develop methods that decrease the approximation errors of GQs and make these methods accessible to the wider research community. For this purpose, two novel uncertainty quantification methods are developed and integrated into four different large-scale partial and general equilibrium models addressing agro-environmental issues. This thesis provides method developments and is of high relevance for applied simulation modelers who struggle to apply computationally burdensome stochastic modeling methods. Although the methods are developed and tested in large-scale simulation models addressing agricultural issues, they are not restricted to a model type or field of application.
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- 2021
120. German pig farmers' perceived agency under different nitrogen policies
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Stuhr, Luisa, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Jaeger-Erben, Melanie, Beier, Felicitas Dorothea, Hunecke, Claudia, Collignon, Quitterie, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Stuhr, Luisa, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Jaeger-Erben, Melanie, Beier, Felicitas Dorothea, Hunecke, Claudia, Collignon, Quitterie, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann
- Abstract
Agricultural nitrogen (N) emissions represent the most substantial N source in Germany. Even though multiple policies have been introduced at the EU and German national level to reduce agriculturally sourced reactive Nitrogen (N), Germany is exceeding the target of the government’s national sustainability strategy to limit N surpluses. To form a better view of the current N policy challenges, this paper seeks to identify what constrains family-managed pig farmers in Germany from adopting N-reduced farming practices. Our study applies a practice-based approach and reconstructs farmers’ practice and individual perception of the possible capability to change practices (perceived agency) through problem-centred interviews. The study identifies different ideal types of farmers based on their reported farming practices and perceived agency: The first type feeling overburdened and weary of the current requirements, the second type acting based on routine and incremental improvement efforts, and the third type adapting early and inventing. However, regarding the perceived agency to adopt N-reduced farming practices our results show that all three farmer types report only low to little agency. Based on the findings, the study identifies type-specific and type-spanning constraining factors. To resolve farmers’ perceived contradictions and inconsistencies which result in the unwillingness to accept further N reduction measures, we argue that policies need to address these factors. To enhance long-term paths for sustainable N-reduced farming practices, this study concludes that N policies need to shift towards outcome-oriented policies to create a collective and holistic understanding of the desired outcome while considering their embeddedness into regional and individual contexts., Wellcome Trust and The Rockefeller Foundation, Peer Reviewed
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- 2021
121. The Economic Impact of Exchanging Breeding Material: Assessing Winter Wheat Production in Germany
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Lüttringhaus, Sophia, Gornott, Christoph, Wittkop, Benjamin, Noleppa, Steffen, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann
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pedigree analysis ,impact assessment ,winter wheat production ,ddc:570 ,Germany ,plant breeding ,exchange of breeding material ,economic surplus analysis ,breeder’s exemption ,570 Biologie - Abstract
Climate change impacts imply that the stabilization and improvement of agricultural production systems using technological innovations has become vital. Improvements in plant breeding are integral to such innovations. In the context of German crop breeding programs, the economic impact of exchanging genetic material has yet to be determined. To this end, we analyze in this impact assessment the economic effects on German winter wheat production that are attributable to exchanging parental material amongst breeders in the breeding process. This exchange is supported by the breeders’ exemption, which is an integral part of the German plant variety protection legislation. It ensures that breeders can freely use licensed varieties created by other breeders for their own breeding activities and aims to speed up the development of improved varieties. For our analysis, we created a unique data set that combines variety-specific grain yield, adoption, and pedigree information of 133 winter wheat varieties. We determined the parental pedigree of each variety to see if a variety was created by interbreeding varieties that are internal or external to its specific breeder. Our study is the first that analyzes the economic impact of exchanging genetic material in German breeding programs. We found that more than 90 % of the tested varieties were bred with exchanged parental material, whereby the majority had two external parents. Also, these varieties were planted on an 8.5 times larger area than the varieties that were bred with two internal parents. Due to lower adoption, these only contributed 11 % to the overall winter wheat production in Germany, even though they yielded more. We used an economic surplus model to measure the benefits of exchanging parental breeding material on German winter wheat production. This resulted in an overall estimated economic surplus of 19.2 to 22.0 billion EUR from production year 1972 to 2018. This implies tremendous returns to using the breeder’s exemption, which, from an economic perspective, is almost cost-free for the breeder. We conclude that the exchange of breeding material contributes to improving Germany’s agricultural production and fosters the development of climate-resilient production systems and global food security.
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- 2020
122. Climate impacts and adaptation options in agriculture: what we know and what we don’t know
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann and Schellnhuber, H.-J.
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- 2009
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123. Innovations for Sustainability: Pathways to an efficient and post-pandemic future
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Nakicenovic, Nebojsa, Grubler, Arnulf, Leininger, Julia, Zimm, Caroline, Clarke, Geoff, Ebi, Kristie, Messner, Dirk, Rockstrom, Johan, van der Leeuw, Sander, Wilson, Charlie, Zusman, Eric, Sachs, Jeffrey, Aguiar, Ana P., Khourdajie, Alaa Al, Arent, Doug, Arimoto, Taeo, Bhowmik, Avit K., Boza-Kiss, Benigna, Breuer, Anita, Carlsen, Henrik, Carrero-Martinez, Franklin, Stancova, Katerina Ciampi, Chabay, Ilan, Chao, Chia-Wei, Colglazier, William E., Collste, David, Comolli, Luis, Chou, Kuei-Tien, Gadelha, Paulo, Galvao, Luiz A., Garret, Banning, Hernandez, Ariel, Iizuka, Michiko, Kanehira, Naoto, Kriegler, Elmar, Kamei, Miho, Linnerooth-Bayer, JoAnne, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Matusiak, Monika, Messerli, Peter, Miller, Jerry, Millward-Hopkins, Joel, Muttarak, Raya, Ngerng, Roy, Obersteiner, Michael, Oswald, Yannick, Oyamada, Kazuhito, Pachauri, Shonali, Paes de Sousa, Romulo, Rainoldi, Alesandro, Rao, Narasimha, Riahi, Keywan, Roehrl, Alexander, Saheb, Yamina, Schmidt, Jörn O., Schmidt-Traub, Guido, Stabeli, Rodrigo G., Steinberger, Julia, Svedin, Uno, Suzuki, Izumi, Tilmes, Klaus, Ullah, Farooq, van Vuuren, Detlef, Visbeck, Martin, Wingens, Christopher, and Yamada, Hirotaka
- Abstract
3rd Report prepared by The World in 2050 initiative
- Published
- 2020
124. Are scenario projections overly optimistic about future yield progress?
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van Zeist, Willem Jan, Stehfest, Elke, Doelman, Jonathan C., Valin, Hugo, Calvin, Katherine, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Havlik, Petr, Humpenöder, Florian, Kyle, Page, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, van Meijl, Hans, Popp, Alexander, Sulser, Timothy B., Tabeau, Andrzej, Verhagen, Willem, Wiebe, Keith, van Zeist, Willem Jan, Stehfest, Elke, Doelman, Jonathan C., Valin, Hugo, Calvin, Katherine, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Havlik, Petr, Humpenöder, Florian, Kyle, Page, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, van Meijl, Hans, Popp, Alexander, Sulser, Timothy B., Tabeau, Andrzej, Verhagen, Willem, and Wiebe, Keith
- Abstract
Historical increases in agricultural production were achieved predominantly by large increases in agricultural productivity. Intensification of crop and livestock production also plays a key role in future projections of agricultural land use. Here, we assess and discuss projections of crop yields by global agricultural land-use and integrated assessment models. To evaluate these crop yield projections, we compare them to empirical data on attainable yields by employing a linear and plateauing continuation of observed attainable yield trends. While keeping in mind the uncertainties of attainable yields projections and not considering future climate change impacts, we find that, on average for all cereals on the global level, global projected yields by 2050 remain below the attainable yields. This is also true for future pathways with high technological progress and mitigation efforts, indicating that projected yield increases are not overly optimistic, even under systemic transformations. On a regional scale, we find that for developing regions, specifically for sub-Saharan Africa, projected yields stay well below attainable yields, indicating that the large yield gaps which could be closed through improved crop management, may also persist in the future. In OECD countries, in contrast, current yields are already close to attainable yields, and the projections approach or, for some models, even exceed attainable yields by 2050. This observation parallels research suggesting that future progress in attainable yields in developed regions will mainly have to be achieved through new crop varieties or genetic improvements. The models included in this study vary widely in their implementation of yield progress, which are often split into endogenous (crop management) improvements and exogenous (technological) trends. More detail and transparency are needed in these important elements of global yields and land use projections, and this paper discusses possibilities of be
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- 2020
125. Bending the curve of terrestrial biodiversity needs an integrated strategy
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Environmental Sciences, Leclère, David, Obersteiner, Michael, Barrett, Mike, Butchart, Stuart H M, Chaudhary, Abhishek, De Palma, Adriana, DeClerck, Fabrice A J, Di Marco, Moreno, Doelman, Jonathan C, Dürauer, Martina, Freeman, Robin, Harfoot, Michael, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hilbers, Jelle P, Hill, Samantha L L, Humpenöder, Florian, Jennings, Nancy, Krisztin, Tamás, Mace, Georgina M, Ohashi, Haruka, Popp, Alexander, Purvis, Andy, Schipper, Aafke M, Tabeau, Andrzej, Valin, Hugo, van Meijl, Hans, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Visconti, Piero, Alkemade, Rob, Almond, Rosamunde, Bunting, Gill, Burgess, Neil D, Cornell, Sarah E, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Ferrier, Simon, Fritz, Steffen, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Grooten, Monique, Harwood, Thomas, Havlík, Petr, Herrero, Mario, Hoskins, Andrew J, Jung, Martin, Kram, Tom, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Matsui, Tetsuya, Meyer, Carsten, Stehfest, Elke, van Vuuren, Detlef P, Environmental Sciences, Leclère, David, Obersteiner, Michael, Barrett, Mike, Butchart, Stuart H M, Chaudhary, Abhishek, De Palma, Adriana, DeClerck, Fabrice A J, Di Marco, Moreno, Doelman, Jonathan C, Dürauer, Martina, Freeman, Robin, Harfoot, Michael, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Hellweg, Stefanie, Hilbers, Jelle P, Hill, Samantha L L, Humpenöder, Florian, Jennings, Nancy, Krisztin, Tamás, Mace, Georgina M, Ohashi, Haruka, Popp, Alexander, Purvis, Andy, Schipper, Aafke M, Tabeau, Andrzej, Valin, Hugo, van Meijl, Hans, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Visconti, Piero, Alkemade, Rob, Almond, Rosamunde, Bunting, Gill, Burgess, Neil D, Cornell, Sarah E, Di Fulvio, Fulvio, Ferrier, Simon, Fritz, Steffen, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Grooten, Monique, Harwood, Thomas, Havlík, Petr, Herrero, Mario, Hoskins, Andrew J, Jung, Martin, Kram, Tom, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Matsui, Tetsuya, Meyer, Carsten, Stehfest, Elke, and van Vuuren, Detlef P
- Published
- 2020
126. Reply to: An appeal to cost undermines food security risks of delayed mitigation
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Environmental Sciences, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Havlík, Petr, Valin, Hugo, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Doelman, Jonathan C., Fellmann, Thomas, Kyle, Page, Koopman, Jason F.L., Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Müller, Christoph, Ochi, Yuki, Pérez Domínguez, Ignacio, Stehfest, Elke, Sulser, Timothy B., Tabeau, Andrzej, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Takakura, Jun’ya, van Meijl, Hans, van Zeist, Willem Jan, Wiebe, Keith, Witzke, Peter, Environmental Sciences, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Havlík, Petr, Valin, Hugo, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Doelman, Jonathan C., Fellmann, Thomas, Kyle, Page, Koopman, Jason F.L., Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Müller, Christoph, Ochi, Yuki, Pérez Domínguez, Ignacio, Stehfest, Elke, Sulser, Timothy B., Tabeau, Andrzej, Takahashi, Kiyoshi, Takakura, Jun’ya, van Meijl, Hans, van Zeist, Willem Jan, Wiebe, Keith, and Witzke, Peter
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- 2020
127. Managing phenology for agronomic adaptation of global cropping systems to climate change
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Rötter, Reimund Paul, Müller, Christoph, Minoli, Sara, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Rötter, Reimund Paul, Müller, Christoph, and Minoli, Sara
- Abstract
Der Klimawandel fordert die Anbausysteme heraus, um das derzeitige Produktionsniveau zu verbessern oder sogar aufrechtzuerhalten. Es wird erwartet, dass zukünftige Trends bei Temperatur und Niederschlag die Ernteproduktivität beeinträchtigen. Es ist daher notwendig, möglicher Lösungen zur Anpassung der Anbausysteme an den Klimawandel zu untersuchen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, das Wissen über die Anpassung von weltweit relevanten Getreidepflanzen an den Klimawandel zu erweitern. Die zentrale Fragestellung ist, ob globale Anbausysteme an den Klimawandel angepasst werden können, indem die Phänologie der Kulturpflanzen durch Anpassung von Wachstumsperioden und Sorten gesteuert wird. Die Phänologie und die Ertragsreaktionen sowohl auf den Temperaturanstieg als auch auf die Sortenselektion werden zunächst anhand eines Ensembles von “Global Gridded Crop Models” bewertet. Anschließend wird die Komplexität der Anpassung durch phänologisches Management analysiert, insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung der bestehenden großen Wissenslücken bei der Auswahl von Pflanzensorten. Das Ergebnis der Analyse ist ein regelbasierter Algorithmus, der phänologische Zyklen der Kulturpflanzen auswählt, um die Zeit für die Ertragsbildung zu maximieren und Temperatur- und Wasserbelastungen während der Wachstumszyklen der Kulturpflanzen zu minimieren. Die berechneten Aussaatdaten und Wachstumsperioden werden verwendet, um globale Muster von Sorten zu parametrisieren, die an aktuelle und zukünftige Klimaszenarien angepasst sind. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die Pflanzenproduktivität erheblich variieren können, je nachdem, welche Annahmen für das agronomische Management getroffen werden. Änderungen im Management zu vernachlässigen, liefert die pessimistischste Prognose für die zukünftige Pflanzenproduktion. Relativ einfache Ansätze zur Berechnung angepasster Aussaatdaten und Sorten bieten eine Grundlage für die Berücksichtigung autonomer Anpassungsschemata als integ, Climate change is challenging cropping systems to enhance or even maintain current production levels. Future trends in temperature and precipitation are expected to negatively impact crop productivity. It is therefore necessary to explore adaptation options of cropping systems to changing climate. The aim of this thesis is to advance knowledge on adaptation of world-wide relevant grain crops to climate change. The central research question is whether global cropping systems can be adapted to climate change by managing crop phenology through adjusting growing periods and cultivars. Phenology and yield responses to both temperature increase and cultivar selection are first assessed making use of an ensemble of Global Gridded Crop Models. Then, the complexity of adaptation through phenological management is analysed, particularly addressing the existing large knowledge gaps on crop cultivar choice. The outcome of the analysis is a rule-based algorithm that selects crop phenological cycles aiming at maximizing the time for yield formation and minimizing temperature and water stresses during the crop growth cycles. The computed sowing dates and growing periods are used to parametrize global patterns of cultivars adapted to present and future climate scenarios. This thesis demonstrates that the impacts of climate change on crop productivity can vary substantially depending on which assumptions are made on agronomic management. Neglecting any changes in management return the most pessimistic projection on future crop production. Relatively simple approaches to compute adapted sowing dates and cultivars provide a base for considering autonomous adaptation schemes as an integral component of global scale modelling frameworks.
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- 2020
128. Peatland protection and restoration are key for climate change mitigation
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Humpenöder, Florian, Karstens, Kristine, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Leifeld, Jens, Menichetti, Lorenzo, Barthelmes, Alexandra, Popp, Alexander, Humpenöder, Florian, Karstens, Kristine, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Leifeld, Jens, Menichetti, Lorenzo, Barthelmes, Alexandra, and Popp, Alexander
- Abstract
Peatlands cover only about 3% the global land area, but store about twice as much carbon as global forest biomass. If intact peatlands are drained for agriculture or other human uses, peat oxidation can result in considerable CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases (GHG) for decades or even centuries. Despite their importance, emissions from degraded peatlands have so far not been included explicitly in mitigation pathways compatible with the Paris Agreement. Such pathways include land-demanding mitigation options like bioenergy or afforestation with substantial consequences for the land system. Therefore, besides GHG emissions owing to the historic conversion of intact peatlands, the increased demand for land in current mitigation pathways could result in drainage of presently intact peatlands, e.g. for bioenergy production. Here, we present the first quantitative model-based projections of future peatland dynamics and associated GHG emissions in the context of a 2 °C mitigation pathway. Our spatially explicit land-use modelling approach with global coverage simultaneously accounts for future food demand, based on population and income projections, and land-based mitigation measures. Without dedicated peatland policy and even in the case of peatland protection, our results indicate that the land system would remain a net source of CO2 throughout the 21st century. This result is in contrast to the outcome of current mitigation pathways, in which the land system turns into a net carbon sink by 2100. However, our results indicate that it is possible to reconcile land use and GHG emissions in mitigation pathways through a peatland protection and restoration policy. According to our results, the land system would turn into a global net carbon sink by 2100, as projected by current mitigation pathways, if about 60% of present-day degraded peatlands would be rewetted in the coming decades, next to the protection of intact peatlands., DFG Priority Program “Climate Engineering: Risks, Challenges, Opportunities?” (SPP 1689), Horizon 2020 Framework Programmehttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010661, Peer Reviewed
- Published
- 2020
129. The Economic Impact of Exchanging Breeding Material: Assessing Winter Wheat Production in Germany
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Lüttringhaus, Sophia, primary, Gornott, Christoph, additional, Wittkop, Benjamin, additional, Noleppa, Steffen, additional, and Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional
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- 2020
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130. Management induced changes of soil organic carbon on global croplands
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Karstens, Kristine, primary, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, additional, Dondini, Marta, additional, Heinke, Jens, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Müller, Christoph, additional, Rolinski, Susanne, additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Weindl, Isabelle, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
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- 2020
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131. Critical Scales for Long-Term Socio-ecological Biodiversity Research
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Dirnböck, Thomas, primary, Bezák, Peter, additional, Dullinger, Stefan, additional, Haberl, Helmut, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, Mirtl, Michael, additional, Peterseil, Johannes, additional, Redpath, Stephan, additional, Singh, Simron Jit, additional, Travis, Justin, additional, and Wijdeven, Sander M. J., additional
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- 2012
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132. Integrated Assessment Models – the Interplay of Climate Change, Agriculture and Land Use in a Policy Tool
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Leimbach, Marian, primary, Popp, Alexander, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, Bauer, Nico, additional, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, additional, and Klein, David, additional
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- 2011
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133. Regional Climate Impacts on Agriculture in Europe
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, primary
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- 2011
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134. Climate Change, Population Growth, and Crop Production: An Overview
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, primary
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- 2011
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135. Peatland protection and restoration are key for climate change mitigation
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Humpenöder, Florian, primary, Karstens, Kristine, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, Leifeld, Jens, additional, Menichetti, Lorenzo, additional, Barthelmes, Alexandra, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
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- 2020
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136. Rising food demand, climate change and the use of land and water
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, primary, Müller, Christoph, additional, Bondeau, Alberte, additional, Smith, Pascalle, additional, and Lucht, Wolfgang, additional
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- 2006
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137. Kühlen Kopf bewahren – Anpassung der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel
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Bachinger, Johann, Eckel, Henning, Flaig, Holger, Gattinger, Andreas, Gödeke, Katja, Gömann, Horst, Heidecke, Claudia, Kemper, Nicole, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Pflanz, Wilhelm, Roth, Ursula, Simon, Jochen, Tamásy, Christine, and Wolter, Frank
- Abstract
KTBL-Tagung vom 20. bis 21. März 2019 in Darmstadt. 
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- 2019
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138. Key determinants of global land-use projections
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80585836, Stehfest, Elke, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Valin, Hugo, Havlik, Petr, Popp, Alexander, Kyle, Page, Tabeau, Andrzej, Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Calvin, Katherine, Doelman, Jonathan C., Fujimori, Shinichiro, Humpenöder, Florian, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, van Meijl, Hans, Wiebe, Keith, 80585836, Stehfest, Elke, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Valin, Hugo, Havlik, Petr, Popp, Alexander, Kyle, Page, Tabeau, Andrzej, Mason-D’Croz, Daniel, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Bodirsky, Benjamin L., Calvin, Katherine, Doelman, Jonathan C., Fujimori, Shinichiro, Humpenöder, Florian, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, van Meijl, Hans, and Wiebe, Keith
- Abstract
Land use is at the core of various sustainable development goals. Long-term climate foresight studies have structured their recent analyses around five socio-economic pathways (SSPs), with consistent storylines of future macroeconomic and societal developments; however, model quantification of these scenarios shows substantial heterogeneity in land-use projections. Here we build on a recently developed sensitivity approach to identify how future land use depends on six distinct socio-economic drivers (population, wealth, consumption preferences, agricultural productivity, land-use regulation, and trade) and their interactions. Spread across models arises mostly from diverging sensitivities to long-term drivers and from various representations of land-use regulation and trade, calling for reconciliation efforts and more empirical research. Most influential determinants for future cropland and pasture extent are population and agricultural efficiency. Furthermore, land-use regulation and consumption changes can play a key role in reducing both land use and food-security risks, and need to be central elements in sustainable development strategies.
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- 2019
139. Economy-wide Modelling of Seasonal Labour and Natural Resource Policies
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Grethe, Harald, Banse, Martin, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Feuerbacher, Arndt, Grethe, Harald, Banse, Martin, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Feuerbacher, Arndt
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Die vorliegende Dissertation widmet sich methodischen und empirischen Forschungsfragen mit Bezug auf saisonale Arbeitsmärkte und Politiken zur nachhaltigen Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen. Hierfür wird ein gesamtwirtschaftlicher Modellierungsansatz angewendet, für den das im südöstlichen Himalaya gelegene Königreich Bhutan als empirische Fallstudie dient. Das methodische Forschungsziel der Arbeit ist, die Relevanz der Darstellung von saisonalen Arbeitsmärkten innerhalb von allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodellen (sog. CGE Modelle) zu ergründen. Dies stellt eine Neuheit in der Literatur dar. Die Arbeit zeigt auf, dass Modelle ohne saisonale Arbeitsmärkte systematisch Ergebnisse, wie Angebotsreaktionen und Wohlstandseffekte, verzerren. Die Saisonalität von Arbeit hat eine hohe Relevanz für gesamtwirtschaftliche Analysen im Kontext landwirtschaftlich geprägter Volkswirtschaften, insbesondere für Untersuchungen des Strukturwandels und agrarpolitischer Interventionen. Empirisch wird die wechselseitige Abhängigkeit von Politiken zum nachhaltigen Management natürlicher Ressourcen mit Zielen des Umweltschutzes und der ländlichen Entwicklung untersucht. Basierend auf unterschiedlichen Modellierungsansätzen, konzentrieren sich drei Studien auf agrar- und forstpolitische Szenarien in Bhutan. Es wird gezeigt, dass Bhutans Ziel, seinen landwirtschaftlichen Sektor auf 100% ökologische Landwirtschaft umzustellen, zu substantiellen Wohlfahrtsverlusten und negativen Folgen für die Ernährungssicherung führen würde. Die Analyse verschiedener forstpolitischer Szenarien demonstriert, dass eine höhere Forstnutzung in Bhutan im Sinne der gesamtwirtschaftlichen und ländlichen Entwicklung nachhaltig möglich ist. Die Arbeit weist auf verschiedene zukünftige Forschungsfelder hin, wie zum Beispiel die Integration von Ökosystemdienstleistungen, was als eine der wesentlichen Einschränkungen bei der modellgestützten Analyse von Politiken zur Nutzung natürlicher Ressourcen identifiziert wurde., Using an economy-wide modelling approach, this dissertation investigates methodological and empirical research questions related to seasonal labour markets and natural resource policies. The Kingdom of Bhutan, located in the south-eastern Himalayas, serves as a case study. The methodological research objective of this thesis is to gain an understanding of the relevance of seasonal labour markets in the context of economy-wide modelling. The depiction of seasonal labour markets at national scale using a seasonal social accounting matrix (SAM) and computable general equilibrium (CGE) model presents a novel development within the literature. It is demonstrated, that the absence of seasonal labour markets leads to systematic bias of model results. The consequences are distorted supply responses and biased welfare effects, underlining the pivotal implications of seasonality for economy-wide analysis in the context of agrarian economies, particularly for scenario analysis involving structural changes and agricultural policy interventions. The empirical research objective addresses the interdependence of natural resource policies with objectives of environmental conservation and rural development. Employing modelling techniques, three studies focus on specific agricultural and forest policy scenarios in Bhutan. Simulating Bhutan’s ambitious policy objective to convert to 100% organic agriculture demonstrates substantial welfare losses and adverse impacts on food security, causing trade-offs with objectives of rural development and food self-sufficiency. Analysing forest policy reforms shows that increased forest utilization contributes to economic development, particularly in rural areas, without jeopardizing the country’s forest conservation agenda. The dissertation points at numerous areas of future research, as for example the incorporation of ecosystem services, which is identified as one key limitation of economy-wide analysis of natural resource policies.
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- 2019
140. Key determinants of global land-use projections
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Environmental Sciences, Stehfest, Elke, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Valin, Hugo, Havlik, Petr, Popp, Alexander, Kyle, Page, Tabeau, Andrzej, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Calvin, Katherine, Doelman, Jonathan C, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Humpenöder, Florian, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, van Meijl, Hans, Wiebe, Keith, Environmental Sciences, Stehfest, Elke, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, Valin, Hugo, Havlik, Petr, Popp, Alexander, Kyle, Page, Tabeau, Andrzej, Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Hasegawa, Tomoko, Bodirsky, Benjamin L, Calvin, Katherine, Doelman, Jonathan C, Fujimori, Shinichiro, Humpenöder, Florian, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, van Meijl, Hans, and Wiebe, Keith
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- 2019
141. Promoting Sustainable Intensification of African Indigenous Vegetable Production in Kenya
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mutai, Benjamin, Engels, Christof, Kurgat, Barnabas, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Mutai, Benjamin, Engels, Christof, and Kurgat, Barnabas
- Abstract
Afrikanisches einheimisches Gemüse (AIVs) hat in letzter Zeit in ganz Afrika südlich der Sahara (SSA) aufgrund des zunehmenden Bewusstseins für deren Ernährung und gesundheitlichen Nutzen größere Anerkennung gefunden. Dieses wachsende Verbraucherbewusstsein hat zu einer erhöhten Nachfrage nach AIV-Verbrauch geführt, was wiederum zu einer verstärkten Produktion von AIV geführt hat. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, das Ausmaß und die zugrunde liegenden Faktoren zu bewerten, die Einfluss auf die Einführung nachhaltiger Intensivierungsmethoden (SIPs) haben (Einsatz von verbesserten Bewässerungssystemen, integrierte Bodendüngung, organischer Dünger und AIV - Diversifizierung) (2) Die Übernahme von SIP in Bezug auf den Lebensunterhalt der Landwirte und (3) eine Bewertung der wirtschaftlichen Leistung und der ökologischen Ergebnisse von Bodendüngungsstrategien, um Bodenbewirtschaftungsstrategien zu empfehlen, die die Produktion, den Lebensunterhalt und den Klimaschutz optimieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass der Einsatz von organischem Dünger und die Diversifizierung der AIV in ländlichen und stadtnahen Produktionsgebieten weit verbreitet waren, wohingegen verbesserte Bewässerungssysteme und ein integriertes Bodenfruchtbarkeitsmanagement eher gering waren und in ländlichen Gebieten sogar erheblich niedriger waren als in Stadtrandgebieten. Darüber hinaus wurden Komplementaritäten und Substituierbarkeiten zwischen SIPs identifiziert, was darauf hindeutet, dass eine Änderung der Richtlinien, die sich auf ein einzelnes SIP auswirkt, Auswirkungen auf andere verwandte SIPs haben kann. Die Ergebnisse der Determinanten von SIP zeigen, dass die Marktintegration, das Haushaltseinkommen und die städtischen Gemüseproduktionsumgebungen die Haupttreiber der Akzeptanz waren. Darüber hinaus erhöht die Einführung von SIPs sowohl das Gesamteinkommen der Haushalte als auch die Ernte. Darüber hinaus optimiert die integrierte Strategie zur Bodenfruchtbarkeit die Wirtschafts- und Umweltleis, African indigenous vegetables (AIVs) have recently gained greater recognition across sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) because of increased awareness on their nutrition and health benefits. This rising consumer consciousness has caused an increase in demand for consumption of AIVs, which in turn has led to increased intensification of AIV production. The aim of this thesis was therefore, to evaluate the level and underlying factors influencing the adoption of sustainable intensification practices (SIPs) (use of improved irrigation systems, integrated soil fertilisation, organic manure and AIV diversification), (2) examined the impacts of SIP adoption on farmers’ livelihoods, and (3) assessed economic performance and ecological outcomes of soil fertilisation strategies in order to recommend soil fertility management strategies which optimises production, livelihood and climate trade-offs. The results revealed that use of organic manure and AIV diversification were widely adopted across rural and peri-urban production areas while improved irrigation systems and integrated soil fertility management was rather low, and even significantly lower in rural areas than in peri-urban areas. Moreover, complementarities and substitutabilities between SIPs were also identified indicating that a change in policy affecting a single SIP might have a spill over effect on other related SIPs. The results of determinants of SIPs shows that market integration, household income and peri-urban vegetable production environments were the major drivers of adoption. In addition, adoption of SIPs significantly increases both total household and crop incomes. Furthermore, integrated soil fertility manage strategy optimises economic and environmental performance. Therefore, integrated soil fertility management is a potential pathway to sustainably intensify AIV production.
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- 2019
142. Understanding Implications of Key Economic Factors for Land Dynamics and Food Systems in a Changing World
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Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Le Mouël, Chantal, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, Wang, Xiaoxi, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Le Mouël, Chantal, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, and Wang, Xiaoxi
- Abstract
Aufbauend auf dem agrarökonomischen, dynamischen Optimierungsmodell MAgPIE, zeigen die hier vorgestellten Forschungsergebnisse, dass die Governance-Leistung einen bedeutenden Einfluss auf den technologischen Fortschritt und das Wachstum der Flächenproduktivität hat, insbesondere für in der Entwicklung begriffene Regionen wie Lateinamerika, Afrika südlich der Sahara, Südasien und Südostasien. Dies wirkt sich wiederum auf die Landnutzungsdynamik aus, einschließlich der Ausdehnung von Ackerflächen und der Entwaldung. Neben Umweltauswirkungen beeinflusst die Governance-Leistung auch Lebensmittelpreise und das Handelsverhalten, und damit die Existenzgrundlagen vieler Menschen. Darüber hinaus legt die Dissertation nahe, dass sich das globale Produktivitätswachstum trotz unterschiedlicher sozioökonomischer Bedingungen wahrscheinlich fortsetzen wird. Die Größenordnung der Wachstumsrate unter den jeweiligen Bedingungen variiert jedoch, je nach verwendeten Produktivitätsindizes. Unterschiede in den sozioökonomischen Gegebenheiten führen zu einer Zunahme des Produktivitätswachstums im Ackerbau, was tiefgreifende Auswirkungen auf die Anbaufläche und die Lebensmittelpreise hat. Nicht zuletzt zeigen die Ergebnisse der Dissertation, dass die Liberalisierung des Agrarhandels negative Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das landwirtschaftliche Angebot abfedern kann, den Anstieg der Lebensmittelpreise im Zuge von erheblichen klimabedingten Ertragseinbußen begrenzen und die Ausdehnung der Anbauflächen im globalen Maßstab verringern kann. In bestimmten Regionen kann es aufgrund von veränderten Handelsmustern zu einer Ausdehnung der Anbauflächen kommen. In Zusammenschau der Ergebnisse aus den Einzelstudien vertieft die vorliegende Dissertation das Verständnis für potenzielle Zielkonflikte und Synergien von wirtschaftspolitischen Optionen, die darauf abzielen, die Produktionskapazitäten im landwirtschaftlichen Sektor der steigenden Nachfrage entsprechend auszubauen., Building upon an agro-economic dynamic optimization model known as MAgPIE, this dissertation fseeks to enhance representation of the economic factors in the model. The research findings reveal that governance performance has a significant impact on technological progress and land productivity growth, especially for developing regions, such as Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. This, in turn, exerts impacts on land dynamics, including cropland expansion and deforestation. Aside from environmental impacts, governance performance affects livelihoods, as it influences food prices and trade patterns. Moreover, the dissertation suggests that global productivity growth is likely to continue, despite differences in possible socioeconomic conditions. However, the magnitude of the growth rate under each set of conditions will vary, according to different productivity indices. Differences in socioeconomic conditions lead to a spread in productivity growth in the crop sector, which will have profound implications for cropland expansion and food prices. Last but not least, the dissertation argues that liberalizing agricultural trade can buffer negative impacts from climate change on agricultural supply, limit increasing food prices in a scenario of high-end climate impacts on crop yields, and reduce cropland expansion on the global scale, though it may induce cropland expansion in certain regions due to changes in trade patterns. Synthesizing the findings from the individuals studies of which it is comprised, the dissertation is intended to enhance understanding of the trade-offs and synergies of economic options for agricultural outputs to keep pace with increasing demand and, thereby, contribute to the core discussion among agricultural economists on food production and its economic and environmental impacts.
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- 2019
143. Projected environmental benefits of replacing beef with microbial protein
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Humpenöder, Florian, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Weindl, Isabelle, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Linder, Tomas, and Popp, Alexander
- Abstract
Ruminant meat provides valuable protein to humans, but livestock production has many negative environmental impacts, especially in terms of deforestation, greenhouse gas emissions, water use and eutrophication1. In addition to a dietary shift towards plant-based diets2, imitation products, including plant-based meat, cultured meat and fermentation-derived microbial protein (MP), have been proposed as means to reduce the externalities of livestock production3–7. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have estimated substantial environmental benefits of MP, produced in bioreactors using sugar as feedstock, especially compared to ruminant meat3,7. Here we present an analysis of MP as substitute for ruminant meat in forward-looking global land-use scenarios towards 2050. Our study complements LCA studies by estimating the environmental benefits of MP within a future socio-economic pathway. Our model projections show that substituting 20% of per-capita ruminant meat consumption with MP globally by 2050 (on a protein basis) offsets future increases in global pasture area, cutting annual deforestation and related CO2emissions roughly in half, while also lowering methane emissions. However, further upscaling of MP, under the assumption of given consumer acceptance, results in a non-linear saturation effect on reduced deforestation and related CO2emissions—an effect that cannot be captured with the method of static LCA.
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- 2022
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144. A framework for the cross-sectoral integration of multi-model impact projections
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Frieler, Katja, Levermann, Anders (Prof. Dr.), Elliott, J., Heinke, Jens, Arneth, A., Bierkens, M. F. P., Ciais, Philippe, Clark, D. B., Deryng, D., Doell, P., Falloon, P., Fekete, B., Folberth, Christian, Friend, A. D., Gellhorn, C., Gosling, S. N., Haddeland, I., Khabarov, N., Lomas, M., Masaki, Y., Nishina, K., Neumann, K., Oki, T., Pavlick, R., Ruane, A. C., Schmid, E., Schmitz, C., Stacke, T., Stehfest, E., Tang, Q., Wisser, D., Huber, Veronika, Piontek, Franziska, Warszawski, Lila, Schewe, Jacob, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, and Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim
- Subjects
ddc:550 ,Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät ,Zentrum für Umweltwissenschaften - Abstract
Climate change and its impacts already pose considerable challenges for societies that will further increase with global warming (IPCC, 2014a, b). Uncertainties of the climatic response to greenhouse gas emissions include the potential passing of large-scale tipping points (e.g. Lenton et al., 2008; Levermann et al., 2012; Schellnhuber, 2010) and changes in extreme meteorological events (Field et al., 2012) with complex impacts on societies (Hallegatte et al., 2013). Thus climate change mitigation is considered a necessary societal response for avoiding uncontrollable impacts (Conference of the Parties, 2010). On the other hand, large-scale climate change mitigation itself implies fundamental changes in, for example, the global energy system. The associated challenges come on top of others that derive from equally important ethical imperatives like the fulfilment of increasing food demand that may draw on the same resources. For example, ensuring food security for a growing population may require an expansion of cropland, thereby reducing natural carbon sinks or the area available for bio-energy production. So far, available studies addressing this problem have relied on individual impact models, ignoring uncertainty in crop model and biome model projections. Here, we propose a probabilistic decision framework that allows for an evaluation of agricultural management and mitigation options in a multi-impact-model setting. Based on simulations generated within the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP), we outline how cross-sectorally consistent multi-model impact simulations could be used to generate the information required for robust decision making. Using an illustrative future land use pattern, we discuss the trade-off between potential gains in crop production and associated losses in natural carbon sinks in the new multiple crop-and biome-model setting. In addition, crop and water model simulations are combined to explore irrigation increases as one possible measure of agricultural intensification that could limit the expansion of cropland required in response to climate change and growing food demand. This example shows that current impact model uncertainties pose an important challenge to long-term mitigation planning and must not be ignored in long-term strategic decision making.
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- 2018
145. Comparing impacts of climate change and mitigation on global agriculture by 2050
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Wiebe, Keith, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Sands, Ronald, Frank, Stefan, Havlík, Petr, van Meijl, Hans, Havlik, Petr, Stehfest, Elke, Witzke, Peter, Pérez Domínguez, Ignacio, Leon Bodirsky, Benjamin, van Dijk, Michiel, Doelman, Jonathan, Fellmann, Thomas, Humpenöder, Florian, L Koopman, Jason F, Müller, Christoph, Popp, Alexander, Tabeau, Andrzej, Valin, Hugo, van Zeist, Willem-Jan, and Environmental Sciences
- Subjects
mitigation ,climate change ,adaptation ,Shared socioeconomic pathways ,economic models ,agriculture - Abstract
Systematic model inter-comparison helps to narrow discrepancies in the analysis of the future impact of climate change on agricultural production. This paper presents a set of alternative scenarios by five global climate and agro-economic models. Covering integrated assessment (IMAGE), partial equilibrium (CAPRI, GLOBIOM, MAgPIE) and computable general equilibrium (MAGNET) models ensures a good coverage of biophysical and economic agricultural features. These models are harmonized with respect to basic model drivers, to assess the range of potential impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector by 2050. Moreover, they quantify the economic consequences of stringent global emission mitigation efforts, such as non-CO 2 emission taxes and land-based mitigation options, to stabilize global warming at 2 • C by the end of the century under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. A key contribution of the paper is a vis-` a-vis comparison of climate change impacts relative to the impact of mitigation measures. In addition, our scenario design allows assessing the impact of the residual climate change on the mitigation challenge. From a global perspective, the impact of climate change on agricultural production by mid-century is negative but small. A larger negative effect on agricultural production, most pronounced for ruminant meat production, is observed when emission mitigation measures compliant with a 2 • C target are put in place. Our results indicate that a mitigation strategy that embeds residual climate change effects (RCP2.6) has a negative impact on global agricultural production relative to a no-mitigation strategy with stronger climate impacts (RCP6.0). However, this is partially due to the limited impact of the climate change scenarios by 2050. The magnitude of price changes is different amongst models due to methodological differences. Further research to achieve a better harmonization is needed, especially regarding endogenous food and feed demand, including substitution across individual commodities, and endogenous technological change.
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- 2018
146. Large-scale bioenergy production: How to resolve sustainability trade-offs?
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Humpenöder, Florian, Popp, Alexander, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Weindl, Isabelle, Biewald, Anne, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, Dietrich, Jan Philipp, Klein, David, Kreidenweis, Ulrich, Müller, Christoph, Rolinski, Susanne, and Stevanovic, Miodrag
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land-sparing measure ,sustainable development goal (SDG) ,land-use change ,ddc:690 ,Large-scale bioenergy ,large-scale bioenergy ,ddc:330 ,690 Bau von Gebäuden ,global land-use modeling ,environmental protection ,trade-off - Abstract
Large-scale 2nd generation bioenergy deployment is a key element of 1.5 °C and 2 °C transformation pathways. However, large-scale bioenergy production might have negative sustainability implications and thus may conflict with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda. Here, we carry out a multi-criteria sustainability assessment of large-scale bioenergy crop production throughout the 21st century (300 EJ in 2100) using a global land-use model. Our analysis indicates that large-scale bioenergy production without complementary measures results in negative effects on the following sustainability indicators: deforestation, CO2 emissions from land-use change, nitrogen losses, unsustainable water withdrawals and food prices. One of our main findings is that single-sector environmental protection measures next to large-scale bioenergy production are prone to involve trade-offs among these sustainability indicators—at least in the absence of more efficient land or water resource use. For instance, if bioenergy production is accompanied by forest protection, deforestation and associated emissions (SDGs 13 and 15) decline substantially whereas food prices (SDG 2) increase. However, our study also shows that this trade-off strongly depends on the development of future food demand. In contrast to environmental protection measures, we find that agricultural intensification lowers some side-effects of bioenergy production substantially (SDGs 13 and 15) without generating new trade-offs—at least among the sustainability indicators considered here. Moreover, our results indicate that a combination of forest and water protection schemes, improved fertilization efficiency, and agricultural intensification would reduce the side-effects of bioenergy production most comprehensively. However, although our study includes more sustainability indicators than previous studies on bioenergy side-effects, our study represents only a small subset of all indicators relevant for the SDG agenda. Based on this, we argue that the development of policies for regulating externalities of large-scale bioenergy production should rely on broad sustainability assessments to discover potential trade-offs with the SDG agenda before implementation. Umweltbundesamt EU Horizon 2020 EU Seventh Framework Programme Leibniz Association
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- 2018
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147. Fig. S3 from Coordinating AgMIP data and models across global and regional scales for 1.5°C and 2.0°C assessments
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Rosenzweig, Cynthia, Ruane, Alex C., Antle, John, Elliott, Joshua, Ashfaq, Muhammad, Chatta, Ashfaq Ahmad, Ewert, Frank, Folberth, Christian, Ibrahima Hathie, Havlik, Petr, Hoogenboom, Gerrit, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, MacCarthy, Dilys S., Mason-D'Croz, Daniel, Contreras, Erik Mencos, Müller, Christoph, Perez-Dominguez, Ignacio, Meridel Phillips, Porter, Cheryl, Raymundo, Rubi M., Sands, Ronald D., Carl-Friedrich Schleussner, Valdivia, Roberto O., Valin, Hugo, and Wiebe, Keith
- Abstract
Difference between 2.0 °C and 1.5 °C on rainfed maize with (left) and without (right) CO2 effects for three global gridded crop models (pDSSAT, GEPIC, LPJmL).
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- 2018
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148. The Synergies and Trade-Offs of Planned Adaptation in Agriculture: a General Equilibrium Analysis for Ethiopia
- Author
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Yalew, Amsalu Woldie, primary, Hirte, Georg, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Tscharaktschiew, Stefan, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. MAgPIE 4 – a modular open-source framework for modeling global land systems
- Author
-
Dietrich, Jan Philipp, primary, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Weindl, Isabelle, additional, Stevanović, Miodrag, additional, Karstens, Kristine, additional, Kreidenweis, Ulrich, additional, Wang, Xiaoxi, additional, Mishra, Abhijeet, additional, Klein, David, additional, Ambrósio, Geanderson, additional, Araujo, Ewerton, additional, Yalew, Amsalu Woldie, additional, Baumstark, Lavinia, additional, Wirth, Stephen, additional, Giannousakis, Anastasis, additional, Beier, Felicitas, additional, Chen, David Meng-Chuen, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
150. MAgPIE 4 – A modular open source framework for modeling global land-systems
- Author
-
Dietrich, Jan Philipp, primary, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, additional, Humpenöder, Florian, additional, Weindl, Isabelle, additional, Stevanović, Miodrag, additional, Karstens, Kristine, additional, Kreidenweis, Ulrich, additional, Wang, Xiaoxi, additional, Mishra, Abhijeet, additional, Klein, David, additional, Ambrósio, Geanderson, additional, Araujo, Ewerton, additional, Yalew, Amsalu Woldie, additional, Baumstark, Lavinia, additional, Wirth, Stephen, additional, Giannousakis, Anastasis, additional, Beier, Felicitas, additional, Chen, David Meng-Chuen, additional, Lotze-Campen, Hermann, additional, and Popp, Alexander, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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