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Objective To explore the effect of low replacement plasma exchange (LPE) combined with double plasma molecular adsorption ( DPMAS ) in the treatment of patients with chronic acute liver failure ( ACLF) and its influence on liver function, inflammatory cytokines and short-term prognosis. Methods One hundred patients with ACLF were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group by envelope method, with 50 cases in each group. On basis of routine symptomatic treatments (liver protection, removing jaundice, reducing enzymes, anti-viruses, bleeding prevention), the control group and the observation group were treated with plasma exchange (PE) and LPE plus DPMAS, respectively. The liver function, coagulation function, the levels of inflammatory cytokines, incidence of adverse reactions, and 90-day survival rate were compared between the two groups after treatment. Results After treatment, the liver function and coagulation function in the observation group were significantly improved (P < 0.05) and the levels of inflammatory cytokines were significantly lowered than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the 90-day survival rate and the total incidence of adverse reactions between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion LPE combined with DPMAS can effectively improve liver function and coagulation function, and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines in ACLF patients, with high safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of combining Bifidobacterium live bacteria preparation with entecavir in the treatment of hepatitis B cirrhosis and its effect on cytokines and liver function. Methods: 88 patients with HBV-induced cirrhosis admitted to Qinzhou People's Hospital, Qinzhou, China between January 2021 and January 2023 were divided into control and study groups with 44 patients each. Control group received entecavir, while study group received Bifidobacterium live bacteria preparation in addition to entecavir. Clinical treatment outcomes, liver function, liver fibrosis, immune function, and inflammatory cytokine indices were compared between the two groups. Results: There was a significant increase in total effective rate of treatment in study group (95.45 %) compared to control group (79.55 %; p < 0.05). After treatment, the study group showed significantly lower levels of alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP), and type IV collagen (IV-C), and higher levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ compared to control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, study group exhibited significantly lower levels of IL-6, TNF-a, and HS-CRP after treatment compared to control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combined use of Bifidobacterium live bacteria preparation and entecavir in treating HBV-induced cirrhosis demonstrates significant clinical improvement. This combined approach effectively enhances liver function, improves immune response reduces inflammation and liver fibrosis. Hence, in future studies, efforts will be directed towards improving absorption and reducing the metabolism/excretion of the drug to validate these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Utilization of hepatitis C viremic (HCV+) deceased donor kidneys (DDKT) for aviremic recipients increases opportunities for transplantation with excellent short‐term outcomes. Our primary aim was to understand longer‐term outcomes, specifically assessing kidney and liver function in the first year posttransplant. Methods: This was a retrospective single‐center study of adult DDKT recipients of HCV+ kidneys (cases) matched 1:1 to recipients of HCV‐ kidneys (comparators). Between‐group outcomes were analyzed using comparisons of means and proportions, survival analysis methods, and multivariable mixed effects models. Results: Sixty‐five cases and 65 comparators had statistically comparable demographic and clinical characteristics. There were no between‐group differences in serum creatinine or estimated glomerular filtration rate at month 12 (p =.662) or in their trajectories over months 1–12 (p >.292). Within the first 60 days, rates of liver function values >3 times upper limit of normal among cases were comparable to comparators for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (14% vs. 6%, p =.242) and higher for alanine transaminase (ALT) (23% vs. 6%, p =.011). AST declined during the first 8 weeks (p =.005) and stabilized for both groups (p =.406) during the following 10 months. ALT declined during the first 8 weeks (p <.001), continued to decline over months 3–12 (p =.016), and the trajectory was unrelated to antiviral therapy initiation among cases. Conclusions: Aviremic recipients of HCV+ kidneys had comparable kidney outcomes to matched recipients of HCV‐ kidneys. Despite more HCV+ recipients having an elevation in ALT within the first 60 days, ALT values normalized with no identified liver complications attributed to HCV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Auricularia auricula-judae (AAJ) has been cultivated for food in China for centuries, and is also used as a folk medicine for the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there are few studies on the effects of different processing technologies on the therapeutic efficacy of AAJ to date. This study investigated the effectiveness of the AAJ made by using superfine grinding and enzymatic pre-digestion technologies, respectively, in a high-fat diet obese rat model. It was found that oral administrations of two AAJ products significantly alleviated dyslipidemia by decreasing serum lipid levels and restoring liver functions. AAJ products made by using pre-digestion technology have appreciable potential to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders over other products, possibly due to the higher levels of dietary fiber, crude polysaccharides, and total flavonoids released from AAJ during processing. By analysis of transcriptome sequencing and protein expression, it was clear that starch and sucrose metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism-related factors involved in fatty acid synthesis and metabolism in the liver of obese rats were significantly improved. This study gives further evidence that AAJ significantly ameliorates the progression of glucose and lipid metabolism in obese rats. Moreover, this study demonstrated for the first time that the pre-digestion method may be a better and more efficient processing approach for the improvement of AAJ bioavailability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aimed to study the effect of Bupleuri radix and its extract on the growth, physiology and biochemistry, liver antioxidant, and antibacterial ability of juvenile koi carp. A total of 360 juvenile koi carp with an initial body weight of (21.0±0.5) g were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates in each group and 40 juvenile koi carp in each replicate. The juvenile koi carp in the group K, group C, and group T were fed a basal diet, a basal diet + 5‰ Bupleuri radix meal, a basal diet + 5‰ Bupleuri radix extract. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed that in the serum of juvenile koi carp, the activity of lysozyme (LZM) in the group C and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in the group C and group T at 14 days were significantly higher than those at 0 day, and significantly higher than those in the group K (P<0.05). In the liver (SOD) and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the group C at 14 days were significantly higher than those at 0 day (P<0.05), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the group C was lower than that at 0 day and 7 days. In the challenge test, the mortality rate of juvenile koi carp in the group K within 24 hours was 41.7%. The mortality rate in the group C was 18.3% and the protection rate was 56%. The mortality rate in the group T was 21.7% and the protection rate was 48%. In the serum, the interleukin-13 (IL-13) content in the group C at 48 hours was significantly higher than that at 24 hours and 96 hours (P<0.05), and the immunoglobulin M (IgM) content in the group C and group T at 48 hours was significantly higher than that at 24 hours (P<0.05). In the liver, the content of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, and IgM in the group C at 48 hours were significantly higher than those at 24 hours, and the content of IL-13 in the group C was significantly higher than that of the group K (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that adding Bupleuri radix and its extract to the diet for 14 days can effectively improve the physiological and biochemical indexes and anti-Aeromonas vickeri ability of juvenile koi carp, but the action time and effect of the two are different, and the effect of Bupleuri radix is more prominent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dietary choline is needed to maintain normal health, including normal liver function in adults. Fatty liver induced by a choline-deficient diet has been consistently observed in human and animal studies. The effect of insufficient choline intake on hepatic fat accumulation is specific and reversible when choline is added to the diet. Choline requirements are higher in women during pregnancy and lactation than in young non-pregnant women. We reviewed the evidence on whether choline derived from the maternal diet is necessary for maintaining normal liver function in the fetus and breastfed infants. Studies have shown that choline from the maternal diet is actively transferred to the placenta, fetal liver, and human milk. This maternal-to-child gradient can cause depletion of maternal choline stores and increase the susceptibility of the mother to fatty liver. Removing choline from the diet of pregnant rats causes fatty liver both in the mother and the fetus. The severity of fatty liver in the offspring was found to correspond to the severity of fatty liver in the respective mothers and to the duration of feeding the choline-deficient diet to the mother. The contribution of maternal choline intake in normal liver function of the offspring can be explained by the role of phosphatidylcholine in lipid transport and as a component of cell membranes and the function of choline as a methyl donor that enables synthesis of phosphatidylcholine in the liver. Additional evidence is needed on the effect of choline intake during pregnancy and lactation on health outcomes in the fetus and infant. Most pregnant and lactating women are currently not achieving the adequate intake level of choline through the diet. Therefore, public health policies are needed to ensure sufficient choline intake through adding choline to maternal multivitamin supplements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of fish health has acknowledged the significance of helminthology and haematology characteristics as crucial instruments. The utilization of blood parameter measurement has been a longstanding practice in the field of fish health monitoring. The current study aimed to examine the impact of an indigenous infestation of parasites on various blood parameters, including activities of liver, kidney function tests, lipase, amylase, Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The present study was undertaken to investigate the parasitic infection in a sample of 100 fish. The sample consisted of 50 of Euthynnus alletteratus, and 50 Scomber Scombrus. These fish were gathered from the waters of Misrata city, located in Libya. Results revealed the presence of statistically significant differences across various indices in both Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber scombrus. A significant positive association was seen between urea values and many organs in Scomber scombrus, with the exception of the external body. Similarly, in Euthynnus alletteratus, a significant positive correlation was found between urea values and various organs, except for the external body and nostrils. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive link between creatinine levels and several internal organs in Euthynnus alletteratus, with the exception of external body tissues. A favorable correlation was seen between sodium levels and various organs in Scomber scombrus, with the exception of internal organs and the stomach. There was a positive correlation seen between potassium, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), lipase, amylase, CPK, and total protein levels in several organs of both Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber scombrus. A significant correlation was observed between LDH levels and several organs in both Euthynnus alletteratus and Scomber scombrus, with the exception of the external body in Scomber scombrus. In Euthynnus alletteratus, LDH levels were favorably connected with the nose, internal organs, and anterior intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows how zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) affect the blood component of adult male rats utilising a safe, simple and inexpensive plasma jet production approach for varying exposure periods. The ZnO NPs were described as follows: the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern showed that in the UV-visible spectrum of the peak region at 291 nm to 302 nm, the strong intensity peaks indicated the crystalline nature of the ZnO NPs. A field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to look at the morphology of the ZnO NPs. The diameters of the spherical particles ranged from 30 nm to 96 nm. Two sets of ZnO NP dosages are used to investigate the impact of ZnO NPs on component blood. White blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HB) and platelets (Plt) components in the blood increase when ZnO NPs dosages rise. The cytotoxicity of the rat embryonic fibroblast (REF) normal cell line is calculated concurrently and the highest cytotoxicity equals 9% at 100% ZnO NPs concentration. These results suggest that a variety of blood component-affecting disorders may be treated using the ZnO NPs receptor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to examine the protective role and mechanism of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse model of subacute liver injury. The mice were intragastrically injected with 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi water extract after intraperitoneal injection of 0.15% carbon tetrachloride. We found that low-dose or high-dose Fructus Ligustri Lucidi reduced the degree of liver injury, decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels, suppressed malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline contents in the liver tissues of mice, and increased superoxide dismutase content. Additionally, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi decreased concentrations of proinflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and mRNA levels of collagen and fibrosis-associated factors. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi water extract can protect against carbon tetrachloride-induced subacute liver injury in mice. The mechanism is associated with increased antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced lipid peroxidation levels, and suppressed inflammatory and fibrotic responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The effects of genetic polymorphism on a personalized diet and exercise program for steatotic liver disease (SLD) are still unclear. Methods: Participants of this retrospective cohort study were 203 Japanese patients with SLD diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. All of them were introduced the personalized diet and exercise treatment. A diet of 25–30 kcal/kg multiplied by ideal body weight (BW) daily and aerobic and resistance exercise (exercise intensity of 4–5 metabolic equivalents daily, respectively) were performed for 6 days. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in terms of the rate of decrease of liver function tests, glycolipid metabolism markers, physical findings, image findings, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score at 6 months compared with baseline. Furthermore, the impact of genetic polymorphism was also investigated. Results: At 6 months compared with baseline, liver function tests (AST, ALT, γGTP), glycolipid metabolism markers (hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides [TG], low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol), physical findings (BW, body mass index), image finding (liver stiffness measurement), and CVD risk score (Suita score) improved significantly. There was no significant difference in treatment efficacy, except for the rates of decrease of TG, according to genotype PNPLA3 rs738409, TM6SF2 rs58542926, and HSD17B13 rs6834314. The rates of decrease of TG with TM6SF2 CT were significantly higher than those with CC or TT, and the rates of TG with HSD17B13 AA were significantly higher than those with AG by multiple comparisons. Conclusion: Personalized diet and exercise program for SLD improved liver function tests, physical findings, glycolipid metabolism markers, and CVD risk score. Genetic polymorphism might partially affect treatment efficacy. Further studies should be performed to develop an individualized program for SLD, considering genetic polymorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver function has been suggested as a possible factor in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. However, the association between liver function and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of AD biomarkers remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed the data from 1687 adults without dementia from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE study to investigate differences in liver function between pathological and clinical AD groups, as defined by the 2018 National Institute on Aging‐Alzheimer's Association Research Framework. We also examined the linear relationship between liver function, CSF AD biomarkers, and cognition using linear regression models. Furthermore, mediation analyses were applied to explore the potential mediation effects of AD pathological biomarkers on cognition. Our findings indicated that, with AD pathological and clinical progression, the concentrations of total protein (TP), globulin (GLO), and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine transaminase (ALT) increased, while albumin/globulin (A/G), adenosine deaminase, alpha‐L‐fucosidase, albumin, prealbumin, ALT, and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) concentrations decreased. Furthermore, we also identified significant relationships between TP (β = −0.115, pFDR < 0.001), GLO (β = −0.184, pFDR < 0.001), and A/G (β = 0.182, pFDR < 0.001) and CSF β‐amyloid1–42 (Aβ1–42) (and its related CSF AD biomarkers). Moreover, after 10 000 bootstrapped iterations, we identified a potential mechanism by which TP and GLDH may affect cognition by mediating CSF AD biomarkers, with mediation effect sizes ranging from 3.91% to 16.44%. Overall, our results suggested that abnormal liver function might be involved in the clinical and pathological progression of AD. Amyloid and tau pathologies also might partially mediate the relationship between liver function and cognition. Future research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms and causality to develop an approach to AD prevention and treatment approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Local ablation is an important treatment for liver cancer in cases of cirrhosis. Liver failure may occur after ablation, especially in advanced liver diseases. Currently, there is no standardization for peri-interventional risk assessment. The liver maximum capacity test (LiMAx) is used to assess functional liver capacity, but there is a lack of exploration of its use in this context. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the usefulness of peri-interventional LiMAx measurements in patients with primary or secondary liver cancer who underwent ablation treatment. METHODS: A LiMAx test was performed at 24 hours pre- and postablation in 49 patients. Blood parameters were collected to determine liver function using MELD and ALBI scores. The results of the LiMAx test were related with these scores and to critical postintervention LiMAx values. RESULTS: LiMAx values correlated strongly with MELD and ALBI scores before the intervention and reflected the change in liver function, as shown by an increase in scores after the intervention. Notably, LiMAx values decreased during the intervention. AUC analysis for patients at risk of reaching a critical liver level after the intervention showed a cutoff value of 186μg/kg/h. CONCLUSIONS: The LiMAx test may be a valuable tool in liver ablation for both peri-interventional monitoring of liver function and preintervention risk assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Alcohol consumption is a prevalent behavior among young adults, with potential implications for liver health. This study aims to explore the relationship between various patterns of alcohol consumption and liver function in this demographic group. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 young adults were recruited. Participants completed a detailed questionnaire to report their alcohol consumption habits, including frequency, quantity, and type of alcohol consumed. Liver function was assessed through standard biochemical liver function tests. The study focused on identifying patterns in alcohol consumption and correlating these with liver function test results. Results: The majority of participants engaged in moderate alcohol consumption, with a significant minority reporting heavy drinking patterns. Analysis revealed a statistically significant association between heavy alcohol consumption and impaired liver function, as indicated by altered liver enzyme levels. However, moderate alcohol consumption showed no significant correlation with liver function impairment. Conclusions: This study highlights the potential risks of heavy alcohol consumption on liver function among young adults. It underscores the need for targeted public health interventions and awareness programs aimed at reducing harmful drinking habits in this age group. Further research, particularly longitudinal studies, is essential to fully understand the long-term impacts of different alcohol consumption patterns on liver health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate deep neuromuscular blockade(NMD) and moderate NMD on hepatic perfusion and liver function during laparoscopic hepatectomy. Methods A total of 60 patients who received laparoscopic hepatectomy in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were recruited from Dec 2021 to Dec 2022. They were randomly divided into two groups： deep NMD group(D group, n=30) and moderate NMD group(M group, n=30). D group was induced by administration of rocuronium 0.9 mg/kg followed by continuous infusion to maintain intraoperative post-tetanic count(PTC) of 1-2, while M group was induced by administration of rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg followed by continuous infusion to maintain intraoperative train-of-four(TOF) of 1-2. Indocyanine green(ICG) of 0.25 mg/kg was given intravenously both after induction and after specimen excision, and retention rate at fifteen minutes(ICGR15) was recorded. In addition, intraoperative rocuronium dosage, surgical operation satisfaction score, postoperative shoulder pain, and the occurrence of vomiting on postoperative day 1（POD1) were also recorded. Results Compared with M group, the dosage of rocuronium in D group was significantly increased(P<0.01), but there was no difference of ICGR15 between the two groups(P=0.581), even other parameters of perioperative liver function. The surgical operation satisfaction score was significantly higher(P<0.05), while the postoperative shoulder pain(P=0.037, OR=1.37, 95%CI：1.01-1.86) and the occurrence of vomiting on POD1（P=0.017, OR=1.64, 95%CI：1.07-2.53) were significantly lower in D group than those in M group. Conclusion Compared with moderate NMB, deep NMB can significantly improve surgery condition, reduce postoperative shoulder pain and vomiting. However, there was no significant difference between them on the hepatic perfusion and perioperative liver function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is the gold standard for end-stage liver disease, yet postoperative complications challenge patients and physicians. Indocyanine green (ICG) clearance, a quantitative dynamic test of liver function, is a rapid, reproducible, and reliable test of liver function. This study aimed to systematically review and summarize current literature analyzing the association between ICG tests and post-LT outcomes. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, as main databases, and other sources were searched until August 2022 to identify articles reporting the prognostic value of postoperative ICG tests associated with outcomes of adult LT recipients. Risk of bias of included articles was assessed using Quality In Prognosis Studies tool. Methodological quality varied from low to high across risk of bias domains. Results: Six studies conducted between 1994 and 2018 in Europe, America, and Asia were included. The study population ranged from 50 to 332 participants. ICG clearance on the first postoperative day was associated with early allograft dysfunction, graft loss, 1-month and 3-month patient survival probability, prolonged ICU, and hospital stay. The dichotomized ICG plasma disappearance rate (PDR) provided a strong association with medium-term and long-term outcomes: PDR less than 10%/min with 1-month mortality or re-transplantation (odds ratio: 7.89, 95% CI 3.59-17.34, P<0.001) and PDR less than 16.0%/min with 3-month patient survival probability (hazard ratio: 13.90, 95% CI 4.67-41.35, P <0.01). The preoperative model for end-stage liver disease and body mass index were independent prognostic factors for early allograft dysfunction, early complications, and prolonged ICU stay; post-LT prothrombin time and INR were independently associated with graft loss and bilirubin with a prolonged hospital stay. Conclusion: This review shows that ICG clearance tests are associated with graft function recovery, suggesting that a potential prognostic role of ICG test, as an aid in predicting the post-LT course, could be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the effects of radon on the endogenous antioxidants, biochemical, and hematological parameters of workers in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan. This was carried out to ascertain how radon affects the health of those who work in certain factories producing building materials. The case study group consisted of 70 workers, who were then divided into seven subgroups (gypsum, cement plant, lightweight block, marble, red brick 1, crushed stone, and concrete block 2), while the control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC), levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), the complete blood count (CBC), and liver function tests were evaluated. The statistical analysis revealed that the antioxidant activities and CEA levels between the case study group and the control group differed significantly. Also, antioxidant enzyme activities and indoor radon concentration, the annual effective dosage, were found to be highly significantly correlated by Pearson and Spearman analyses in the case study group. Additionally, the results demonstrated a substantial correlation in the data between the levels of CEA biomarkers and radon (r=0.478, p0.000). The present results showed that radon concentration increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in a radon concentration-dependent manner (r=0.263 and p 0.05). The aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin activities, on the other hand, were not significantly affected by radon. The most significantly influenced CBC parameter was the low white blood cells (WBC) in the case study group compared to the controls. Low platelet count (PLT) was the secondhighest problematic metric. The other CBC values, however, did not significantly differ between the research group and the control group. This study offers a preliminary image of the endogenous antioxidant systems in employees, especially to show a connection between radon and the occurrence of cancer among workers in Iraq Kurdistan Region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Bicarbonate Ringer's (BR) solution is a direct liver and kidney metabolism-independent HCO3− buffering system. We hypothesized that BR solution would be more effective in improving acid-base equilibrium and more conducive to better liver function than Acetate Ringer's (AR) solution in conventional orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) patients. Methods: Sixty-nine adult patients underwent OLT. Patients in the bicarbonate and acetate groups received BR solution or AR solution as infused crystalloids and graft washing solution, respectively. The primary outcome was the effect on pH and base excess (BE) levels. The secondary outcome measures were the incidence and volume of intraoperative 5% sodium bicarbonate infusion and laboratory indicates of liver and kidney function. Results: The pH and absolute BE values changed significantly during the anhepatic phase and immediately after transplanted liver reperfusion in the bicarbonate group compared with the acetate group (all P < 0.05). The incidence and volume of 5% sodium bicarbonate infusion were lower in the bicarbonate group than in the acetate group (all P < 0.05). The aspartate transaminase (AST) level at 7 postoperative days and the creatine level at 30 postoperative days were significantly higher in the acetate group than in the bicarbonate group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Compared with AR solution, BR solution was associated with improved intraoperative acid-base balance and potentially protected early postoperative liver graft function and reduced late-postoperative renal injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the protective effects of arginine-rich small peptide (ARSP) on liver functions of broilers, a total of 120 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups (3 repli‐ cates per group) according to a 2×2 factorial arrangement. Broilers were fed a basal diet with or without supplementation of 0.5% arginine-riching small pepide (ARSP), and were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg BW lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or the same amount of saline during 27-31 days of age. Serum and liver samples were collected following 3 h and 12 h of injection. The results showed that LPS injection significantly increased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) together with alanine amino‐ transferase (ALT) or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum (P<0.05). At 3 h after injection, ARSP treat‐ ment significantly reduced serum ALP activity (P<0.05) and tended to reduce serum AST activity (P= 0.063). LPS injection significantly increased the contents of various interleukins (suchas IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8) and TNF-α, as well as increased the mRNA expression of various interleukins (suchas IL1β, IL-6 and IL-8) and inflammatory signal molecules (such as TLR2, TLR4 and NF-κB p65) in the liver (P<0.05). However, ARSP treatment significantly alleviate the changes of the above indexes caused by LPS (P<0.05). The above results suggested that supplemental 0.5% ARSP could attenuate LPS-induced hepatic inflammatory damage of broilers by inhibiting TLR2/NF-κB and/or TLR4/NF-κB pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the clinical efficacy of armillariella oral solution in treating patients with chronic hepatitis and its impact on liver function and liver fibrosis. A total of 96 patients with chronic hepatitis admitted to the Sino Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University from June 2018 to January 2021 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group with 48 patients each. The control group was treated with conventional drugs, while the observation group was treated with armillariella oral solution on the basis of the control group. The clinical efficacy, liver function, liver fibrosis indicators, and adverse reactions of the two groups of patients were compared. The total clinical effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); After treatment, the glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase(AST), γ-glutamyl-transferase (γ-GT) in the observation group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0. 05); After treatment, the hyaluronidase (HA), laminin (LN), type III procollagen (PC III) and type IV collagen (IV-C) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05); There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). The efficacy of armillariella oral solution in treating patients with chronic hepatitis is significant, it can significantly improve the liver function of patients, alleviate the degree of liver fibrosis, and has no significant adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This retrospective study compared the impact of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) and lenvatinib (LEN) on the liver function in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: We included 526 patients who received Atez/Bev and 731 who received LEN March 2018 and July 2022 in this study. We conducted a 1:1 propensity‐score‐matched analysis and identified 324 patients in each group for inclusion in the present analysis. Nonlinear mixed‐effects regression models were employed, allowing for the evaluation and inclusion of cases where treatment was interrupted due to disease progression, adverse events, or loss to follow‐up. These models were used to compare the ALBI score between the Atez/Bev and LEN groups. Results: Following propensity score matching, the mean ALBI scores in the Atez/Bev and LEN groups were −2.41 ± 0.40 and −2.44 ± 0.42 at baseline, and −2.17 ± 0.56 and −2.19 ± 0.58 at 12 weeks, respectively. Although the ALBI score significantly worsened during treatment in both groups (p < 0.001), there was no significant difference in the rate of ALBI score deterioration between the groups (p = 0.06). Subgroup analyses showed that LEN‐treated patients with BCLC advanced stage (p = 0.02) and those who initially received the full dose (p < 0.001) had a significantly greater worsening of ALBI score compared to Atez/Bev. Conclusions: Using a nonlinear mixed‐effects regression approach, which allowed for the inclusion of cases with treatment interruption, we found no significant difference in the trend of liver function deterioration between the Atez/Bev and LEN groups. Caution should be exercised for LEN‐treated patients with BCLC advanced stage or those receiving the full dose of LEN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phytoestrogens (PEs) may harm liver function. However, studies in pregnant women are limited. Our study was conducted in pregnant women to assess the effect of serum PEs on liver function markers. We conducted a cross-sectional study focusing in the first trimester of pregnancy. A total of 352 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. We used generalized linear model (GLM) to explore the associations between each PE and each marker of liver function. We used Quantile g-computation (Qgcomp) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to explore the associations between mixed exposure to all PEs and liver function markers. The GLM results showed that equol (EQU), daidzein (DAD), genistein (GEN), enterolactone (ENT), and enterodiol (END) were negatively correlated with albumin (ALB). DAD and GEN were associated with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). DAD, GEN, naringin (NAR), and glycitein (GLY) were related to elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Mixed exposure model results showed that the mixture of PEs was associated with reduced ALB. Our results support the existence of associations between PEs and maternal liver function in the first trimester. Emphasizing the detrimental associations between serum PEs and liver function in pregnant women is essential to ensure maternal liver health during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Twelve Holstein (HOL), 9 Brown Swiss (BRO), and 9 Simmental (SIM) dairy cows raised in the same barn and managed identically were enrolled to characterise the responses to the transition period. From −21 to 28 d from calving (DFC), body condition score (BCS) and milk yield were measured, and blood samples were collected to assess plasma biomarkers of metabolism, minerals, liver function, inflammation, and oxidative status. Compared with SIM, HOL and BRO had higher milk yield during the first week of lactation. HOL had the highest milk yield from the second to the fourth week and the lowest BCS at 28 DFC. SIM had the highest BCS and the highest plasma creatinine and P, reflecting a greater attitude to gain muscle mass. Compared with SIM, BRO and HOL had lower plasma fructosamine, indicating reduced glucose availability driven by lactose synthesis. SIM had the mildest acute phase response at the onset of lactation, as suggested by the lowest ceruloplasmin concentration. HOL had the highest cholesterol and paraoxonase concentrations, and the greatest interleukin-1β production by leukocytes following ex-vivo stimulation, suggesting that they had the quickest resolution of the acute phase response due to the fastest immune cell activation. BRO had the highest concentration of reactive oxygen metabolites, ceruloplasmin, bilirubin, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, γ-glutamyl transferase, and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the lowest concentration of paraoxonase, reflecting the strongest activation of leukocytes and the most severe acute phase response. Together, these results highlight different metabolic and inflammatory conditions around calving in the three explored breeds. Holstein, Brown Swiss, and Simmental are dairy breeds selected for different purposes. These three breeds have different productivity, and metabolic and inflammatory responses during the transition period. Understanding the differences among breeds might improve their management, nutrition, and productivity in commercial dairy farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with hepatic reticulum degeneration (HLD) may eventually develop complications of cirrhosis with splenomegaly and hypersplenism, requiring splenectomy to alleviate hypersplenism and complete lifelong copper therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of splenectomy on liver function in patients with hypersplenism. Methods: A retrospective systematic analysis was conducted on the liver function indicators of 220 HLD patients who underwent splenectomy from January 2015 to January 2018 before surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after surgery. Among them, 30 patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: The Child score increased on the 1st day after surgery and gradually decreased after the 1st day. The level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TB) increased 5 days after surgery (P < .01) and decreased on the 14th day after surgery (P < .01); the level of albumin (ALB) decreased on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th day after surgery (P < .01) and increased on the 14th day (P < .01). The follow-up results of the patient for 6 months showed that the levels of ALT and AST decreased, while the levels of ALB increased 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: Splenectomy is proved to be beneficial for the improvement of liver function in HLD patients combined with hypersplenism, which realize a lifelong anti-copper treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the abnormal manifestations of liver function induced by enoxaparin sodium and its influencing factors. METHODS: Medical records of patients who used enoxaparin sodium in the respiratory ward of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from 2021 to 2022 were collected through the hospital information system. According to Roussel Uclaf causality evaluation method 2015 edition, patients whose evaluation results were “extremely likely”, “highly likely” and “ likely” were selected for analysis. RESULTS: A total of 506 patients were enrolled, including 292 males and 214 females. There were 217 cases of high dose (100 AXaIU/ kg, q12 h) enoxaparin sodium and 289 cases of low dose (2 000 / 4 000 AXaIU, qd). Totally 38 patients (7. 5%) developed abnormal liver indexes induced by enoxaparin sodium ( the results of causality evaluation were “ highly likely” and above), the clinical manifestations were mainly elevated transaminase, with normal bilirubin. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of abnormal liver function in the high dose group (31 cases) was higher than that in the low dose group (7 cases), the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 001). The incidence of abnormal liver function in males (29 cases) was higher than that in females (9 cases), the difference was statistically significant (P = 0. 023). There was no significant difference in age, smoking history, drinking history and duration of drug use (P>0. 05). Good outcomes can be obtained by discontinuation and replacement of non-heparin anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal liver function induced by enoxaparin sodium is a reversible adverse reaction with initial remission of symptoms, mainly manifested by elevated aminotransferase, which can be cured after replacement of non-heparin drugs. High dose enoxaparin and male patients are high risk factors for abnormal liver function, and it is necessary to strengthen the drug monitoring of during clinical use of enoxaparin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reactive oxygen species play significant roles in the development of many diseases. Beneficial actions of many plant extracts are associated with their antioxidant effects. Studies have also reported beneficial biological actions of aqueous extracts of Prosopis africana, including their antimicrobial and antidiabetic actions. However, mechanisms underlying these actions are poorly understood. This study conducted phytochemical screening of the plant extract and investigated its antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects in rats with acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. Aqueous extracts of P. africana extracts were prepared. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was conducted. Wistar rats were pre-treated with or without P. africana extracts (50–200 mg/kg bw) for 10 days prior to acetaminophen intoxication. Levels of thiobarbituric reactive substances, reduced ascorbic acid, catalase activities, enzyme markers of liver function, and erythrocyte levels of cholesterol and phospholipid were measured. Abundance of all phytochemicals screened was observed. Total flavonoid and total phenolic composition were estimated as 64.12 ± 2.11 mg QE/g and 43.17 ± 1.32 GE/g, respectively. Paracetamol (2 g/kg bw) increased serum TBARS (4.1-fold, P < 0.001), catalase activity (3.9-fold, P < 0.001), AST (5.8-fold, P < 0.001), ALT (6.5-fold, P < 0.001), and ALP (12.5-fold, P < 0.001) compared with saline-treated rats. Treatment of rats with extracts of P. africana inhibited the effect of paracetamol on TBARS (11.4–45.4%, P < 0.05–0.001), catalase activity (35.0% to 63.3%, P < 0.001), AST (21.9–60.9%, P < 0.001), ALT (20.1–67.7%, P < 0.001), and ALP (26.8–49.8%, P < 0.001) in a dose-treatment manner. Also, levels of reduced ascorbic acid increased in rats pre-treated with P. africana extracts at concentrations ≥ 100 mg/kg bw (1.3–1.5-fold, P < 0.01–P < 0.001. P. africana extract inhibited elevation of cholesterol (12.6–54.6%, P < 0.001) and phospholipids (24.8–36.2%, P < 0.001). These results indicated that therapeutic effect of P. africana may be linked with antioxidative and hepatoprotective effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have unique properties as antibacterial effects against locally isolated clinical Escherichia coli. In this study, the evaluated the antibacterial activity of AgNPs, which were synthesized by laser ablation, against locally isolated clinical Escherichia coli on nutrient agar media in vitro. Then assessed the toxicity of the bactericidal dose in albino rats in vivo with hematological, liver, and kidney functions as vital parameters. AgNPs were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL). AgNPs’ shape and nano size were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV-vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV peak absorption was observed at 434 nm, which produced an average particle diameter of 28.09 nm. The SEM and AFM topography images of the synthesized nanoparticles showed that they had a spherical shape. Also studied was the toxicity of the synthesized AgNPs in vivo. Four groups of albino rats were used. The liver and kidneys were found to be the main organs that accumulate AgNP. In this study, we examined the influence of intraperitoneally injected AgNPs on blood parameters (complete blood picture) and liver and kidney functions of albino rats. Blood ALP and serum test (GOT and GPT), serum urea and serum creatinine were analyzed at 15, 30, and 60 days after injection of 200 mg/kg of PLAL-synthesized AgNP. The results did not indicate statistically significant differences between the control and treatment groups in blood picture and enzyme levels tested that indicate proper liver function. Additionally, no differences in kidney functions were found during varying time intervals in the blood of rats. Thus, PLAL-synthesized AgNPs could inhibit Escherichia coli bacterial growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Biejiajian pill combined with entecavir on liver function, liver fibrosis indexes and peripheral blood transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/smad signaling pathway of patients with chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis.Methods: 132 patients with chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis who were treated to Wangjing Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021～January 2022 were selected, and they were divided into control group and observation group, with 66 cases in each group. The control group was treated with entecavir dispersed-tablet, and the observation group was treated with Biejiajian pill on the basis of the control group. Compared the clinical efficacy, liver function indexes, liver and spleen B-ultrasound indexes, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, liver fibrosis indexes, peripheral blood TGF-β1/smad signaling pathway, adverse reaction rate between two groups. Results: The total effective rate of observation group was 90.91% higher than 74.24% in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment, in the observation group, the inner diameter of the main hepatic portal vein and the thickness of splenic hilum were lower than those in the control group, and the scores of the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment, the levels of direct bilirubin(DBIL), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment, in the observation group, the levels of procollagen type Ⅲ(PC III), collagen type IV(IV-C), hyaluronidase(HAase), and laminin(LN) were lower than the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment, in the observation group, the levels of peripheral blood Smad homolog 7(Smad7) were higher than the control group, and the levels of TGF-β1, and Smad homolog 3(Smad3) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion: Biejiajian pill combined with entecavir can improve the therapeutic effect on patients with chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis, reduce traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, improve the liver function and liver fibrosis injury status. The therapeutic mechanism may be related to the regulation of TGF-β1/smad signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Quetiapine is a drug used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. However, it can cause mild or severe hepatic adverse events and rarely fatal liver damage. This study was aimed at investigating hepatic toxicity caused by quetiapine use by analyzing the information captured from hospital electronic health records by using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership common data model (CDM). Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving a nested case–control method. A CDM based on an electronic health record database from five hospitals between January 2009 and May 2020 was used. We analyzed the status of quetiapine use, adverse events, and hepatic impairment. Results: The numbers of patients with non‐serious and severe hepatic adverse reactions were 2566 (5.05%) and 835 (1.64%) out of 50 766 patients, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio of hepatic adverse events was 2.35 (95% CI: 2.03–2.72), and the odds ratio of severe hepatic adverse events was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.16–2.66). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that quetiapine should be cautiously used, and hepatic function should be monitored in patients using quetiapine because it can cause mild or severe hepatic adverse events, complications, and in rare cases, fatal liver damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Equilibration of metal metabolism is critical for normal liver function. Most epidemiological studies have only concentrated on the influence of limited metals. However, the single and synergistic impact of multiple-metal exposures on abnormal liver function (ALF) are still unknown. A cross-sectional study involving 1493 Chinese adults residing in Shenzhen was conducted. Plasma concentrations of 13 metals, including essential metals (calcium, copper, cobalt, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, and selenium) and toxic metals (aluminum, cadmium, arsenic, and thallium) were detected by the inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS). ALF was ascertained as any observed abnormality from albumin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, and direct bilirubin. Diverse statistical methods were used to evaluate the single and mixture effect of metals, as well as the dose-response relationships with ALF risk, respectively. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of blood lipids in the relation of metal exposure with ALF. The average age of subjects was 59.7 years, and 56.7 % were females. Logistic regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression model consistently suggested that increased levels of arsenic, aluminum, manganese, and cadmium were related to elevated risk of ALF; while magnesium and zinc showed protective effects on ALF (all p-trend < 0.05). The grouped weighted quantile sum (GWQS) regression revealed that the WQS index of essential metals and toxic metals showed significantly negative or positive relationship with ALF, respectively. Aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, and manganese showed linear whilst magnesium and zinc showed non-linear dose-response relationships with ALF risk. Mediation analysis showed that LDL-c mediated 4.41 % and 14.74 % of the relationship of plasma cadmium and manganese with ALF, respectively. In summary, plasma aluminum, arsenic, manganese, cadmium, magnesium, and zinc related with ALF, and LDL-c might underlie the pathogenesis of ALF associated with cadmium and manganese exposure. This study may provide critical public health significances in liver injury prevention and scientific evidence for the establishment of environmental standard.

IntroductionThe easy albumin-bilirubin (EZ-ALBI) score is calculated using the equation: total bilirubin (mg/dl) − 9 × albumin (g/dl), and is used to evaluate liver functional reserve. This study was designed to investigate whether the EZ-ALBI score serves as an independent risk factor for mortality and is useful for stratifying the mortality risk in adult trauma patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from the registered trauma database of the hospital and included 3,637 adult trauma patients (1,241 deaths and 2,396 survivors) due to all trauma caused between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2021. The patients were allocated to the two study groups based on the best EZ-ALBI cutoff point (EZ-ALBI = −28.5), which was determined based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsResults revealed that the non-survivors had a significantly higher EZ-ALBI score than the survivors (−26.4 ± 6.5 vs. −31.5 ± 6.2, p

The metalloid arsenic, known for its toxic properties, is widespread presence in the environment. Our previous research has confirmed that prolonged exposure to arsenic can lead to liver fibrosis injury in rats, while the precise pathogenic mechanism still requires further investigation. In the past few years, the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been found to play a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of liver injury. In this study, we administered varying doses of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and 10 mg/kg.bw MCC950 (a particular tiny molecular inhibitor targeting NLRP3) to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 36 weeks to explore the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in NaAsO2-induced liver injury. The findings suggested that prolonged exposure to NaAsO2 resulted in pyroptosis in liver tissue of SD rats, accompanied by the fibrotic injury, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and liver dysfunction. Moreover, long-term NaAsO2 exposure activated NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver tissue. After treatment with MCC950, the induction of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly attenuated, leading to a decrease in the severity of liver fibrosis and an improvement in liver function. To summarize, those results clearly indicate that hepatic fibrosis and liver dysfunction induced by NaAsO2 occur through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, shedding new light on the potential mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver damage.

IntroductionGut dysbiosis may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis and the severity of complications. Numerous studies have investigated the probiotics as treatments for cirrhosis. However, there is still a lack of definitive evidence confirming the beneficial effects of probiotics on cirrhosis.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of probiotic intervention and control treatments, including placebo, no treatment, and active control, on cirrhosis, published from inception to February 2024. Outcomes included hepatic encephalopathy (HE) reversal, safety and tolerability of probiotics, liver function, quality of life, and other cirrhotic-related outcomes. A meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize evidence.ResultsThirty studies were included. The quantitative synthesis results showed that compared with the control group, probiotics significantly reverse minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) (risk ratio [RR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03 to 2.32) and improve HE (RR 1.94, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.06). Additionally, probiotics demonstrated higher safety and tolerability by causing a lower incidence of serious adverse events (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.87). Probiotics could potentially improve liver function by reducing the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.57, 95% CI -0.85 to −0.30), and displayed favorable changes in quality of life (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.75) and gut flora (SMD 1.67, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.06).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis offers compelling evidence that probiotics are beneficial for cirrhosis by demonstrating reversal of HE, potential for liver function improvements, enhancements in quality of life, and regulation of gut dysbiosis. Furthermore, the apparent safety profile suggests that probiotics are a promising intervention for treating cirrhosis.Clinical trial registration numberCRD42023478380.

Objectives: Point of care testing (POCT) offers the possibility of near bedside patient testing with a reduction of the turn-around time of analysis. The aim of our study was to determine the analytical performances and usability of a recently developed POCT device for the measurement of tests related to liver function. We evaluated the performance of a liver tests panel performed on the LINX EVO® POCT device. Design and methods: The imprecision was determined with the Bio-Rad Liquichek Unassayed Chemistry Control. Method comparison was performed with a Cobas® 8000 analyzer. Samples from twenty healthy volunteers were used to verify the reference intervals. Furthermore, practicality was assessed by the healthcare staff handling the POCT device through a dedicated questionnaire. Results: The imprecision observed was matching the criteria for the in-lab assay with only one exception, globulin, with an observed imprecision of 6.3 % and a criteria of 5.7 %. With the exception of total and direct bilirubin, the POCT method showed good agreement with the in-lab methods. The verification of reference intervals showed that more than 90 % of the healthy volunteer values were included into the reference interval claimed by the manufacturer except for glucose and globulin. The POCT practicality questionnaire was satisfying overall for users. Conclusions: Our study showed very good analytical performances overall for the liver test panel performed on the LINX EVO® POCT instrument.

Objective: Policosanol is a mixture of long chain alcohols refined from sugar cane. Significant reductions in liver enzymes have been observed in some studies. However, the impact of policosanol on liver enzymes remained controversial. The current meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of policosanol supplementation on the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Methods: The literature was systematically searched for studies published up to November 2023 in PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Scopus. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were included to evaluate the intervention effect of policosanol compared to placebo on ALT and AST. DerSimonian and Laird models were used to calculate effect sizes. Results: Twenty-three trials including 2535 participants were included in the study. The combination of effect sizes, regarding the random-effects model, demonstrated significant changes in ALT serum levels after intervention (WMD: −1.48 U/L; 95% CI: −2.33 to −0.64; P = 0.001), and AST (WMD: −1.10 U/L; 95% CI: −1.70 to −0.51; P

Background: Thalassemia major is a genetic disorder characterized by severe anemia and the need for lifelong blood transfusions. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical profile of transfusion-dependent thalassemia major children with reference to serum ferritin levels and liver function. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study included 100 children aged 1–12 years with beta-thalassemia major, who were receiving blood transfusions. Clinical data, including growth parameters, serum ferritin levels, and liver function tests, were collected. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. Results: The study population predominantly consisted of children aged 1–5 years (54%) and males (51%). Hindu children accounted for 85% of the participants. Most children were diagnosed with thalassemia major before the age of 1 year (84%) and were diagnosed through Hb electrophoresis (77%). The majority of children received blood transfusions every 15–30 days (49%). Pre-transfusion hemoglobin levels ranged from

Abstract Background Pemafibrate has been reported to ameliorate lipid profiles and liver dysfunction. However, which patients derive benefit from the hepatoprotective effects of pemafibrate is unclear. Methods We conducted a sub-analysis of the PARM-T2D study where subjects with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertriglyceridemia were prospectively treated with pemafibrate or conventional therapies for 52 weeks. From the original cohort, subjects who had metabolic-associated fatty liver disease without changing their treatment regimens for comorbidities were analyzed. Eligible subjects (n = 293) (average age 61.2 ± 11.7 years, 37.5% female) treated with pemafibrate (pemafibrate, n = 152) or controls who did not change their treatment regimens (controls, n = 141) were divided into three groups based on their alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels: ALT ≤ upper normal limit (UNL) (pemafibrate, n = 65; controls, n = 50), UNL

Abstract Background Status epilepticus (SE) is a type of epileptic activity characterized by a failure of the inhibitory mechanisms that limit seizures, which are mainly regulated by the GABAergic system. This imbalance increases glutamatergic neurotransmission and consequently produces epileptic activity. It is also associated with oxidative stress due to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defences. Unfortunately, long-term treatment with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) may produce hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and haematological alterations. In this way, some secondary metabolites of plants have been used to ameliorate the deterioration of nervous system disorders through their antioxidant properties, in addition to their anticonvulsant effects. An example is Centella asiatica, a plant noted to have a reputed neuroprotective effect related to its antioxidant activity. However, similar to conventional drugs, natural molecules may produce side effects when consumed in high doses, which could occur with Centella asiatica. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of a standardized extract of Centella asiatica L. Urb with tested anticonvulsant activity on biochemical and haematological parameters in rats subjected to lithium/pilocarpine-induced seizures. Methods Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7 each): vehicle (purified water), Centella asiatica (200 and 400 mg/kg), and carbamazepine (CBZ) (300 mg/kg) as a pharmacological control of anticonvulsant activity. Treatments were administered orally every 24 h for 35 consecutive days. On Day 36, SE was induced using the lithium/pilocarpine model (3 mEq/kg, i.p. and 30 mg/kg s.c., respectively), and the behavioural and biochemical effects were evaluated. Results Centella asiatica 400 mg/kg increased the latency to the first generalized seizure and SE onset and significantly reduced the time to the first generalized seizure compared to values in the vehicle group. Biochemical parameters, i.e., haematic cytometry, blood chemistry, and liver function tests, showed no significant differences among the different treatments. Conclusion The dose of Centella asiatica that produces anticonvulsant activity in the lithium/pilocarpine model devoid of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and alterations in haematological parameters suggests that the standardized extract of this plant could be of utility in the development of new safe therapies for the treatment of convulsions associated with epilepsy.

Abstract Background Sodium butyrate (SB) is a short-chain fatty acid and a safe antibiotic alternative. During 35 days, this study compared the impact of coated SB (Butirex C4) and lincomycin (Lincomix) on broiler growth, gut health, and litter hygiene in 1200 one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks that were randomly assigned into 5-dietary groups with 5-replications each. Groups divided as follows: T1: Basal diet (control), T2: Basal diet with buffered SB (1 kg/ton starter feed, 0.5 kg/ton grower-finisher feeds), T3: Basal diet with 100 g/ton lincomycin, T4: Basal diet with buffered SB (0.5 kg/ton starter feed, 0.25 kg/ton grower-finisher feeds) + 50 g/ton lincomycin, and T5: Basal diet with buffered SB (1 kg/ton starter feed, 0.5 kg/ton grower-finisher feeds) + 50 g/ton lincomycin. Birds were housed in a semi-closed deep litter house, where feed and water were available ad libitum. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results Combined dietary supplementation with SB and lincomycin (T4 and T5) significantly enhanced body weights, weight gains, feed conversion ratio, and profitability index. Also, carcasses in T4 and T5 exhibited the highest dressing, breast, thigh, and liver yields. T5 revealed the best blood biochemical indices, while T3 showed significantly elevated liver and kidney function indices. T4 and T5 exhibited the highest expression levels of IGF-1 and TLR4 genes, the greatest villi length of the intestinal mucosa, and the lowest levels of litter moisture and nitrogen. Clostridia perfringens type A alpha-toxin gene was confirmed in birds’ caeca, with the lowest clostridial counts defined in T4. Conclusions Replacing half the dose of lincomycin (50 g/ton) with 0.5 or 1 kg/ton coated SB as a dietary supplement mixture showed the most efficient privileges concerning birds’ performance and health.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D （25（OH）D） and liver function in children with infectious mononucleosis （IM）. Methods Ninety children with acute IM were enrolled into the IM group， and 40 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period were allocated into the control group. Serum level of 25（OH）D was determined by electrochemiluminescence and the viral load of Epstein-Barr virus DNA （EBV-DNA） in plasma was determined by quantitative fluorescent RT-PCR. Clinical data and serum 25（OH） D levels were compared between two groups. The correlation between 25（OH）D level and atypical lymphocytes， liver function parameters and plasma EBV-DNA in children with IM was analyzed. Results Serum 25（OH）D level in the IM group was significantly lower， whereas the 25（OH）D inadequacy rate was significantly higher than those in the control group （both P < 0.05）. Serum 25（OH）D level was negatively correlated with atypical lymphocytes in the IM group （P < 0.05）. The levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT）， and adenosine deaminase （ADA） in IM children with serum 25（OH）D inadequacy were higher than those in their counterparts with adequate serum 25（OH）D （all P < 0.05）. No significant differences were found in total bilirubin （TBIL）， direct bilirubin （DBIL） and plasma EBV-DNA load between the adequate and inadequate subgroups （all P > 0.05）. In the IM group， serum 25（OH）D level was negatively correlated with ALT， GGT， and ADA （all P < 0.05）， whereas positively correlated with CHE （P < 0.05） and had no correlation with AST， TBIL or DBIL （all P > 0.05）. Conclusions Serum vitamin D insufficiency occurs in children with IM. Vitamin D may be involved in the incidence and development of the course of IM， which is probably associated with liver function impairment.

Abstract Background In this study, by analyzing the correlation between various components of health-related physical fitness (HPF) and liver function indicators, the indicators of physical fitness that were highly correlated with liver function and could be monitored at home were screened to prevent more serious liver disease in the future, and to provide experimental basis for prescribing personalized exercise. Methods A total of 330 faculties (female = 198) of a university were recruited. The indicators of HPF and liver function were measured. Spearman correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression, and cross-lagged panel model was used to data statistics. Results In males, body fat (BF) was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase (ALT); vital capacity and the vital capacity index were positively correlated with albumin; and vertical jump was positively correlated with globulin and negatively correlated with the albumin-globulin ratio (P

Viral hepatitis is a common cause of acute liver injury that can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Viral hepatitis shares similarities with kamalai in Siddha medicine and is managed in accordance with Siddha treatment. Present case is of a 14-year-old male patient who presented with symptoms of fever, fatigue, malaise, and jaundice. Laboratory investigations, abdominal ultrasound features, and clinical findings indicated positive viral hepatitis. The patient was started on Siddha management to suppress Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) replication and prevent progression to chronic hepatitis B infection. The patient's symptoms gradually improved over the next few weeks, and follow-up blood tests showed a significant reduction in the values of elevated liver enzymes, indicating a good response to Siddha medicine treatment. The unique aspect of this case study was that it demonstrates a successful management of viral hepatitis B infection with the Siddha system of medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to evaluate how effective hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicates (HSCASs) and discarded date pits (DDPs) are as dietary adsorbents for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in enhancing the performance and health of broiler chickens aged 16 to 30 days. A total of 240 Ross 308 straight-run broilers were randomly allocated into four dietary groups, each with 10 replicates: a control diet, a control diet with 1000 ppb AFB1, an AFB1-contaminated diet with 0.5% HSCAS, and an AFB1-contaminated diet with 4% DDP. Incorporating HSCASs or DDPs into the AFB1-contaminated diet resulted in significant improvements across various parameters, involving increased body weight, improved feed conversion ratio, higher dressing percentage, decreased relative weights of kidney and spleen, elevated serum levels of total protein, globulin, and glucose, reduced serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and heightened hepatic protein concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity, along with diminished hepatic malondialdehyde content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity. Moreover, both supplements led to increased ileal villus height and surface area, enhanced apparent nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy digestibility, and decreased AFB1 residues in the liver and kidney. Moreover, the dietary inclusion of DDPs significantly decreased relative liver weight, raised serum albumin concentration, lowered serum alkaline phosphatase activity, enhanced hepatic total antioxidant capacity level, and augmented ileal villus width. Conversely, the dietary addition of HSCASs significantly heightened apparent crude protein digestibility. In conclusion, the inclusion of HSCASs and DDPs in AFB1-contaminated diets can mitigate the toxic effects of AFB1 on broiler chickens, with DDPs exhibiting additional advantages in optimizing liver function and gut morphology.