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103. Preparation of activated carbon through the pyrolysis of waste bamboo chips and evaluation of its CO2adsorption efficacy

Author

Wu, Zhengshun, Liu, Yufei, Xu, Yonghui, Zhan, Wei, Liu, Yiyun, Zhang, Dingle, and Xu, Yi

Abstract

To mitigate the environmental impact of forestry waste, this study presents an innovative approach to convert waste bamboo chips (WB) into high-value activated carbon via pyrolysis, followed by KOH activation of the resulting semi-coke (SC). This process produces activated carbon with an exceptionally high specific surface area, suitable for CO2adsorption applications. We employed comprehensive thermogravimetric analysis (TG), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to characterize the pyrolysis behavior and reaction kinetics of WB. The primary mass loss in WB pyrolysis, amounting to 82.8 wt.%, occurs during devolatilization at 270–430 °C. The Coats-Redfern method estimates an average activation energy of 64.2 kJ/mol. The pyrolysis gas predominantly comprises carbon-containing components. Optimal activation with a KOH-to-biochar ratio of 2:1 yielded activated carbon with a surface area of 2883 m2/g. This activated carbon demonstrated a maximum CO2adsorption capacity of 4.14 mmol/g. The successful application of WB pyrolysis products in bioenergy illustrates its potential for diverse environmental applications.

Published
2024
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105. A formal model of Checked C1.

Author

Li, Liyi, Liu, Yiyun, Postol, Deena, Lampropoulos, Leonidas, Van Horn, David, and Hicks, Michael

Subjects
*SPATIAL memory, *SEMANTICS
Abstract

We present a formal model of Checked C, a dialect of C that aims to enforce spatial memory safety. Our model pays particular attention to the semantics of dynamically sized, potentially null-terminated arrays. We formalize this model in Coq, and prove that any spatial memory safety errors can be blamed on portions of the program labeled unchecked; this is a Checked C feature that supports incremental porting and backward compatibility. While our model's operational semantics uses annotated ("fat") pointers to enforce spatial safety, we show that such annotations can be safely erased. Using PLT Redex we formalize an executable version of our model and a compilation procedure to an untyped C-like language, as well as use randomized testing to validate that generated code faithfully simulates the original. Finally, we develop a custom random generator for well-typed and almost-well-typed terms in our Redex model, and use it to search for inconsistencies between our model and the Clang Checked C implementation. We find these steps to be a useful way to co-develop a language (Checked C is still in development) and a core model of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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106. A formal model of Checked C1.

Author

Li, Liyi, Liu, Yiyun, Postol, Deena, Lampropoulos, Leonidas, Van Horn, David, and Hicks, Michael

Subjects
SPATIAL memory, SEMANTICS
Abstract

We present a formal model of Checked C, a dialect of C that aims to enforce spatial memory safety. Our model pays particular attention to the semantics of dynamically sized, potentially null-terminated arrays. We formalize this model in Coq, and prove that any spatial memory safety errors can be blamed on portions of the program labeled unchecked; this is a Checked C feature that supports incremental porting and backward compatibility. While our model's operational semantics uses annotated ("fat") pointers to enforce spatial safety, we show that such annotations can be safely erased. Using PLT Redex we formalize an executable version of our model and a compilation procedure to an untyped C-like language, as well as use randomized testing to validate that generated code faithfully simulates the original. Finally, we develop a custom random generator for well-typed and almost-well-typed terms in our Redex model, and use it to search for inconsistencies between our model and the Clang Checked C implementation. We find these steps to be a useful way to co-develop a language (Checked C is still in development) and a core model of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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107. Lipid Alteration Signature in the Blood Plasma of Individuals With Schizophrenia, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder

Author

Tkachev, Anna, primary, Stekolshchikova, Elena, additional, Vanyushkina, Anna, additional, Zhang, Hanping, additional, Morozova, Anna, additional, Zozulya, Svetlana, additional, Kurochkin, Ilia, additional, Anikanov, Nickolay, additional, Egorova, Alina, additional, Yushina, Ekaterina, additional, Vogl, Thomas, additional, Senner, Fanny, additional, Schaupp, Sabrina K., additional, Reich-Erkelenz, Daniela, additional, Papiol, Sergi, additional, Kohshour, Mojtaba Oraki, additional, Klöhn-Saghatolislam, Farahnaz, additional, Kalman, Janos L., additional, Heilbronner, Urs, additional, Heilbronner, Maria, additional, Gade, Katrin, additional, Comes, Ashley L., additional, Budde, Monika, additional, Anderson-Schmidt, Heike, additional, Adorjan, Kristina, additional, Wiltfang, Jens, additional, Reininghaus, Eva Z., additional, Juckel, Georg, additional, Dannlowski, Udo, additional, Fallgatter, Andreas, additional, Spitzer, Carsten, additional, Schmauß, Max, additional, von Hagen, Martin, additional, Zorkina, Yana, additional, Reznik, Alexander, additional, Barkhatova, Aleksandra, additional, Lisov, Roman, additional, Mokrov, Nikita, additional, Panov, Maxim, additional, Zubkov, Dmitri, additional, Petrova, Daria, additional, Zhou, Chanjuan, additional, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Pu, Juncai, additional, Falkai, Peter, additional, Kostyuk, Georgiy, additional, Klyushnik, Tatiana, additional, Schulze, Thomas G., additional, Xie, Peng, additional, Schulte, Eva C., additional, and Khaitovich, Philipp, additional

Published
2023
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115. mcr-1--harboring Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Sequence Type 34 in Pigs, China

Author

Yi, Linxian, Wang, Jing, Gao, Yanling, Liu, Yiyun, Doi, Yohei, Wu, Renjie, Zeng, Zhenling, Liang, Zisen, and Liu, Jian-Hua

Subjects
Salmonella, Genes -- Genetic aspects, Epidemiology, Antibacterial agents -- Contamination, Swine -- Genetic aspects, Health
Abstract

Since our report of emergence of a plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism involving the mcr-1 gene in Escherichia coli (1), mcr-1 has been found in >30 countries in 5 continents in [...]

Published
2017
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117. Multi-omics analysis reveals the effects of microbiota on oral homeostasis

Author

Long, Huiqing, primary, Yan, Li, additional, Pu, Juncai, additional, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Zhong, Xiaogang, additional, Wang, Haiyang, additional, Yang, Lu, additional, Lou, Fangzhi, additional, Luo, Shihong, additional, Zhang, Yingying, additional, Liu, Yang, additional, Xie, Peng, additional, Ji, Ping, additional, and Jin, Xin, additional

Published
2022
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119. A Formal Model of Checked C

Author

Li, Liyi, primary, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Postol, Deena, additional, Lampropoulos, Leonidas, additional, Van Horn, David, additional, and Hicks, Michael, additional

Published
2022
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126. The gut microbiome modulates the transformation of microglial subtypes

Author

Xie, Peng, primary, Huang, Yu, additional, Wu, Jing, additional, Zhang, Hanping, additional, Li, Yifan, additional, Wen, Lu, additional, Tan, Xun, additional, Cheng, Ke, additional, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Pu, Juncai, additional, Liu, Lanxiang, additional, Wang, Haiyang, additional, Li, Wen, additional, Perry, Seth, additional, Wong, Ma-Li, additional, Licinio, Julio, additional, and zheng, peng, additional

Published
2022
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127. IS26-Mediated Formation of a Hybrid Plasmid Carrying mcr-1.1

Author

Wu,Renjie, Lv,Luchao, Wang,Chengzhen, Gao,Guolong, Yu,Kaiyang, Cai,Zhongpeng, Liu,Yiyun, Yang,Jun, Liu,Jian-Hua, Wu,Renjie, Lv,Luchao, Wang,Chengzhen, Gao,Guolong, Yu,Kaiyang, Cai,Zhongpeng, Liu,Yiyun, Yang,Jun, and Liu,Jian-Hua

Abstract

Renjie Wu,1– 3,* Luchao Lv,1– 3,* Chengzhen Wang,1– 3 Guolong Gao,1– 3 Kaiyang Yu,1– 3 Zhongpeng Cai,1– 3 Yiyun Liu,1– 3 Jun Yang,1– 3 Jian-Hua Liu1– 4 1Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Microorganisms in Animal, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jian-Hua Liu, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China, Email jhliu@scau.edu.cnPurpose: The objective of this study was to elucidate the characteristics and mechanism of formation of the fusion plasmid pHNSHP24 carrying mcr-1.1.Materials and Methods: mcr-1.1-bearing Escherichia coli SHP24 and the corresponding transconjugant were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) combining the Illumina and MinION platforms to obtain the complete sequences of the fusion plasmid and its original plasmids.Results: Complete sequence analysis and S1 nuclease-pulsed field gel electrophoresis (S1-PFGE) results indicated that E. coli SHP24 carried four plasmids: mcr-1.1-harboring phage-like plasmid pHNSHP24-3, F53:A-:B- plasmid pHNSHP24-4, pHNSHP24-1, and pHNSHP24-2. However, the plasmid pHNSHP24 carrying mcr-1.1 presents in the transconjugant differed from the four plasmids in the donor strain SHP24. Further analysis showed that pHNSHP24 may be the fusion pr

Published
2022

132. Chronic Stress in a Rat Model of Depression Disturbs the Glutamine–Glutamate–GABA Cycle in the Striatum, Hippocampus, and Cerebellum

Author

Xu, Shaohua, Liu, Yiyun, Pu, Juncai, Gui, Siwen, Zhong, Xiaogang, Tian, Lu, Song, Xuemian, Qi, Xunzhong, Wang, Haiyang, and Xie, Peng

Subjects
nervous system, striatum, GC/MS, glutamine–glutamate–GABA cycle, depression, chronic unpredictable mild stress, Original Research
Abstract

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric illness involving multiple brain regions. Increasing evidence indicates that the striatum is involved in depression, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Methods In this study, we performed a gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC/MS)-based metabolomic analysis in the striatum of depressed rats induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). We then compared striatal data with our previous data from the hippocampus and cerebellum to systematically investigate the potential pathogenesis of depression. Results We identified 22 differential metabolites in the striatum between the CUMS and control groups; these altered metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolism. Pathway analysis revealed that the shared metabolic pathways of the striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum were mainly involved in the glutamine–glutamate metabolic system. Four genes in the striatum (GS, GLS2, GLT1, and SSADH), six genes in the hippocampus (GS, SNAT1, GAD1, SSADH, VGAT, and ABAT), and five genes in the cerebellum (GS, ABAT, SNAT1, VGAT, and GDH) were found to be significantly altered using RT-qPCR. Correlation analysis indicated that these differential genes were strongly correlated. Conclusion These results suggest that chronic stress might induce depressive behaviors by disturbing the glutamine–glutamate–GABA cycle in the striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum, and that the glutamine–glutamate–GABA cycle among these three brain regions might generate cooperative action in response to chronic stress.

Published
2020

134. Integrative Analysis of Long Non-coding RNAs, Messenger RNAs, and MicroRNAs Indicates the Neurodevelopmental Dysfunction in the Hippocampus of Gut Microbiota-Dysbiosis Mice

Author

Liu, Lanxiang, primary, Wang, Haiyang, additional, Chen, Xueyi, additional, Zhang, Yangdong, additional, Li, Wenxia, additional, Rao, Xuechen, additional, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Zhao, Libo, additional, Pu, Juncai, additional, Gui, Siwen, additional, Yang, Deyu, additional, Fang, Liang, additional, and Xie, Peng, additional

Published
2022
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144. Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals Shared Pathways in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Brain Tissues of Patients With Schizophrenia

Author

Song, Xuemian, primary, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Pu, Juncai, additional, Gui, Siwen, additional, Zhong, Xiaogang, additional, Chen, Xiaopeng, additional, Chen, Weiyi, additional, Chen, Xiang, additional, Chen, Yue, additional, Wang, Haiyang, additional, Cheng, Ke, additional, Zhao, Libo, additional, and Xie, Peng, additional

Published
2021
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146. A rapid-throughput adaptable method for determining the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides

Author

Thai Thanh T. Vo, Ace G. Galermo, Eshani Nandita, Liu Yiyun, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Matthew J. Amicucci, Megan Lee, and Gege Xu

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Chromatography, 010401 analytical chemistry, Selected reaction monitoring, Inulin, 010402 general chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Polysaccharide, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Xyloglucan, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Arabinogalactan, Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, Monosaccharide, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Derivatization, Instrumentation, Spectroscopy
Abstract

Polysaccharides make up the largest non-water component of plant-based foods. Their ability to manipulate the gut microbiome and modulate the immune system has increased interest in the rapid elucidation of their structures. A necessary component for the structural characterization of polysaccharides is the determination of their monosaccharide composition. Current methods of monosaccharide analysis are not suitable for analyzing large sample-sets and are limited by their inability to analyze polysaccharides. We have developed a 96-well plate hydrolysis and derivatization procedure followed by a rapid and sensitive 10-min ultra-high performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry analysis capable of the absolute quantitation of 14 plant monosaccharides. Four polysaccharide standards, inulin, xyloglucan, arabinogalactan, and rhamnogalacturonan-I, which are commonly found in plants, were used to optimize and validate the method. The optimized conditions were applied to eight foods to show the method’s reproducibility and ability to analyze complicated and insoluble polysaccharide mixtures. This approach will allow researchers to obtain accurate and absolute quantitation of monosaccharides in the large sample-sets that are required for agricultural, food, clinical, and nutrition-based studies.

Published
2019

147. Selenite mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress and affects Cd uptake in rice seedlings under different water management systems

Author

Zhao Lijie, Huang Qingqing, Xu Yingming, Liu Yiyun, Liang Xuefeng, and Qin Xu

Subjects
Antioxidant, Iron, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Plant Development, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Selenious Acid, medicine.disease_cause, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, Soil, Malondialdehyde, Rice root, medicine, Soil Pollutants, Food science, Correlation test, Rice plant, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, Cadmium, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Water, food and beverages, Oryza, Hydrogen Peroxide, General Medicine, Pollution, Floods, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Seedlings, Environmental Pollution, Oxidative stress, Selenium, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is toxic throughout the food chain. Selenium (Se) can mitigate Cd accumulation in rice plants, although it is unclear why it has such effect. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of Se application on Cd-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant activities, and the combined effects of Se application and water management on the formation of iron plaque on the rice surface and Fe, Cd, and Se accumulation in rice plants. Rice seedlings were grown in Cd-contaminated soil with or without the addition of Se, and in aerobic or flooded conditions. Exogenous Se reduced Cd-induced oxidative stress. In the flooded treatment, exogenous selenite significantly decreased Cd concentrations in rice tissues, whereas it noticeably enhanced Cd concentrations in rice tissues in the aerobic treatment. Furthermore, selenite addition and flooding promote the formation of iron plaque and increase Fe concentrations in rice tissues. Pearson correlation analysis shows that plant Cd was significantly negatively correlated with Fe concentrations in rice tissues, and plant Fe was significantly positively correlated with Se concentrations in rice tissues, but no significant correlation was found between Cd and Se concentrations Thus, exogenous selenite may indirectly affect Cd uptake by influencing the formation of iron plaque on rice root surface, Fe uptake and Fe levels in rice.

Published
2019

150. Frontispiece: The Electrophilicity of Surface Carbon Species in the Redox Reactions of CuO‐CeO 2 Catalysts

Author

Kang, Liqun, primary, Wang, Bolun, additional, Güntner, Andreas T., additional, Xu, Siyuan, additional, Wan, Xuhao, additional, Liu, Yiyun, additional, Marlow, Sushila, additional, Ren, Yifei, additional, Gianolio, Diego, additional, Tang, Chiu C., additional, Murzin, Vadim, additional, Asakura, Hiroyuki, additional, He, Qian, additional, Guan, Shaoliang, additional, Velasco‐Vélez, Juan J., additional, Pratsinis, Sotiris E., additional, Guo, Yuzheng, additional, and Wang, Feng Ryan, additional

Published
2021
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