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Abstract: A survey was carried out in 1988 to determine the occurrence and distribution of the flyPhytomyza orobanchia Kaltenbach [Diptera: Agromyzidae] on broomrape (Orobanche crenata Forskal) at 21 locations in northwestern Syria. Fruit capsules of broomrape were examined in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) fields. The fly was present at 95% of the locations sampled. Of 630 broomrape plants examined over all locations, 55.5% were infested. Of the 1,890 capsules examined, 32.5% were attacked. Fly populations were highest near the coast where 79% of the broomrapes were damaged. The total seed output of broomrape plants was reduced by 29.4% in the surveyed area due to a mean seed destruction of 91.1% per infested broomrape capsule.

Isolation of fungi from samples of Orobanche crenata Forsk. and Orobanche minor Sm. plants collected from Syria, Morocco, and France yielded 16 different species belonging to nine genera. The most common genera were Alternaria, Fusarlum and Ulocladium. Eleven species out of the 16 had not been known previously to have occurred on Orobanche. In the preliminary laboratory and field tests Ulocladium atrum Preuss. could infect and destroy underground tubercles and emerged shoots of O. crenata provided temperature was around 20°C and the relative humidity between 50% and 80%. Its use as a potential biological control of Orobanche appears promising and should, therefore, be further studied.

Durch Umsetzung von Selenocarbohydrazid mit Cyansäure und Thiocyansäure wurden 1-Carbamoyl-selenocarbohydrazid, NH2-CO-NH-NH-CSe-NH-NH2, und 1-Thiocarbamoyl-seleno-carbohydrazid, NH2-CS-NH-NH-CSe-NH-NH2, durch Reaktion des Sulfates von Selenocarbohydrazid mit Ammoniumthiocyanat das 1.5-Bis-thiocarbamoyl-selenocarbohydrazid, NH2-CS-NH-NH-CSe-NH-NH-CS-NH2, erstmals dargestellt. 1-Carbamoyl-selenocarbo-hydrazid und 1-Thiocarbamoyl-selenocarbohydrazid reagieren mit Aldehyden unter Hydrazonbildung. Zur weiteren Charakterisierung wurden alle Verbindungen IR-spektroskopisch und röntgenographisch untersucht, wobei gezeigt werden konnte, daß sie ganz analog den entsprechenden Thiocarbohydrazid-Derivaten aufgebaut sind.