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A new highly selective fluorescent probe, (E)‐4‐(4‐([2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridin]‐4′‐yl)styryl)‐1‐octadecylpyridin‐1‐ium bromide (ZC‐F8), was designed and synthesized for cadmium detection and cell imaging. The fluorescence spectra of ZC‐F8 exhibited its excellent response towards Cd2+ via intramolecular charge transfer effect and aggregation induced emission effect. The cell‐imaging experiment was carried out to estimate the actual biological application of ZC‐F8. The probe displayed ideal membrane permeable and labeled property for cadmium, indicating its promising application for metal ions detection and tracing in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible papers constructed by one-dimensional nanowires have attracted much attention due to their various applications. Herein, a novel nonwoven fabric with paper-like qualities composed of zinc blende SiC (β-SiC) nanowires was fabricated by a scalable rolling process. The SiC nanowires were synthesized by the carbothermal reduction reaction of the carbon fiber and carbonaceous silica xerogel. The crystal phase, morphology and microscopic structure of the as-prepared SiC nanowires were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The nanowire vapor-solid growth mechanism and preparation process for SiC nanowire nonwoven fabric were also discussed. The freestanding SiC nanowire nonwoven fabric exhibited high flexibility, high mechanical strength, excellent refractory performance and thermal stability. With high flexibility, high mechanical strength, superior nonflammability and thermal stability, the flexible paper-like 3C-SiC nanowire nonwoven fabric materials would be expected to have some potential applications, such as ceramic matrix composites, metal matrix composites, energy storage, catalyst supports, radiation-proof fabric, filtration and separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Extremes of weather and climate can cause disasters such as floods and droughts. Further studies of precipitation extremes are crucial for enabling reliable projections of future changes. In this study, we used a high-resolution (0.5° × 0.5°) gridded precipitation data set to analyse these events across the 11 basins in China between 1961 and 2013 mainly by the Mann-Kendall and generalized extreme value methods. Our results indicated a wetter trend in the Tarim River Basin ( TRB) but drier conditions in the central Yangtze River Basin ( YRB), western Pearl River Basin and eastern Yarlung Tsangpo River Basin. There was an increasing risk of flooding in the mid-lower YRB and Minjiang River Basin ( MRB), and an increasing risk of drought in the central Lantsang River Basin. The results revealed strengthened maximum 1-day precipitation ( RX1DAY) in the Liaohe River Basin ( LB), YRB, MRB and TRB, together with strengthened maximum 5-day precipitation ( RX5DAY) in the Songhua River Basin, MRB and TRB during 1987-2013. RX1DAY and RX5DAY for return periods of 20 and 50 years gradually decreased from southeast to northwest. Along the south-eastern coastline of the Mainland and on Hainan Island, the RX1DAY for the 20- and 50-year return periods would exceed 165 and 195 mm, respectively, whereas the RX5DAY would exceed 270 and 320 mm for the same return periods. Furthermore, summer Southern Oscillation Index ( SOI) positively impacted precipitation extremes in the Yellow River Basin and YRB, and autumn SOI negatively impacted the extremes of the next year in LB and YRB, while winter SOI negatively impacted the extremes of the next year in YRB. Additionally, the East Asia summer monsoon ( EASM) and the South Asia summer monsoon ( SASM) were both associated with precipitation extremes across China; however, EASM contributed more to these events than did the SASM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I defect (CPS1D) is a rare disease with clinical case reports mainly in early neonates or adults, with few reports of first onset in late neonatal to childhood. We studied the clinical and genotypic characteristics of children with childhood onset CPS1D caused by two loci mutations (one of these is a rarely reported non-frame shift mutation) in the CPS1. Case presentation: We present a rare case of adolescent-onset CPS1D that had been misdiagnosed due to atypical clinical features, and further investigations revealed severe hyperammonemia (287µmol/L; reference range 11.2 ~ 48.2umol/L). MRI of the brain showed diffuse white matter lesions. Blood genetic metabolic screening showed elevated blood alanine (757.06umol/L; reference range 148.8 ~ 739.74umol/L) and decreased blood citrulline (4.26umol/L; reference range 5.45 ~ 36.77umol/L). Urine metabolic screening showed normal whey acids and uracil. Whole-exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the CPS1, a missense mutation (c.1145 C > T) and an unreported de novo non-frame shift mutation (c.4080_c.4091delAGGCATCCTGAT), respectively, which provided a clinical diagnosis. Conclusion: A comprehensive description of the clinical and genetic features of this patient, who has a rare age of onset and a relatively atypical clinical presentation, will facilitate the early diagnosis and management of this type of late onset CPS1D and reduce misdiagnosis, thus helping to reduce mortality and improve prognosis. It also provides a preliminary understanding of the relationship between genotype and phenotype, based on a summary of previous studies, which reminds us that it may help to explore the pathogenesis of the disease and contribute to genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean is one of the most versatile crops for oil production, human diets, and feedstocks. The vegetative biomass of soybean is an important determinant of seed yield and is crucial for the forage usages. However, the genetic control of soybean biomass is not well explained. In this work, we used a soybean germplasm population, including 231 improved cultivars, 207 landraces, and 121 wild soybeans, to investigate the genetic basis of biomass accumulation of soybean plants at the V6 stage. We found that biomass-related traits, including NDW (nodule dry weight), RDW (root dry weight), SDW (shoot dry weight), and TDW (total dry weight), were domesticated during soybean evolution. In total, 10 loci, encompassing 47 putative candidate genes, were detected for all biomass-related traits by a genome-wide association study. Among these loci, seven domestication sweeps and six improvement sweeps were identified. Glyma.05G047900, a purple acid phosphatase, was a strong candidate gene to improve biomass for future soybean breeding. This study provided new insights into the genetic basis of biomass accumulation during soybean evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mn with Fenton-like effect as metal node to prepare a biocompatibility Mn-CPP. • Mn2+ reacted with H 2 O 2 to produce ROS to realize chemodynamic therapy through Fenton-like reaction. • Mn-CPP loaded chemotherapeutic drug DOX to construct a system for combined chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. A Mn-based metal-organic framework Mn-CPP was synthesized and showed excellent chemodynamic therapy (CDT) effect. DOX was selected and loaded into Mn-CPP obtaining DOX@Mn-CPP to improve the therapeutic properties. DOX@Mn-CPP exhibited better drug release behaviors in the tumor environment than that in normal environment. Besides, the material displayed good biocompatibility to L929 cells and significant effect of lethality on 4T1 cells and Hela cells. The successful fabrication of DOX@Mn-CPP provided the potential application for the combination therapy of chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. A Mn-based metal-organic framework Mn-CPP with good Fenton-like effect was synthesized and showed excellent CDT effect. The anticancer drug DOX was loaded to provide chemotherapeutic effect, which showed the potential application in combination therapy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Comprehensive overview of the advantages for MOFs-derived catalysts is summarized, focusing on enhancive promoters of CO 2 hydrogenation. • The different reaction pathways of CO 2 hydrogenation are concluded, aiming to provide thoroughly understanding for catalysts synthesis. • Synergy effect of different metal-based MOFs catalysts is summarized, supplying outlooks of MOFs-based catalysts for catalytic applications. Conversion of carbon dioxide (CO 2) into high-value chemical products is one promising way to generate clean energy and climate change mitigation. However, reducing CO 2 is generally challenging due to its stable chemical properties and strong C=O bonds. The application of metal-based catalysts could significantly decrease the energy barrier for CO 2 hydrogenation. Recently, the catalysts derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in catalytic applications for CO 2 hydrogenation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advantages of MOFs-derived catalysts in catalytic applications, focusing on commonly used bimetallic catalysts and their mechanistic understanding in enhancing catalytic performances. Additionally, we provide an overview of some bimetallic-based MOFs catalysts, offering convenience and insights for researchers to directly understand the potential applications of MOFs-derived catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A theranostic system Mn@medi-MOF-1 was constructed by medi-MOF-1 and Mn ions. • The system displayed T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance performance. • The system exhibited anticancer therapeutic effect via chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. A metal-organic framework (MOF) medi-MOF-1 containing curcumin with inhibitory effect on tumor growth was adopted for cancer therapy. And theranostic agents Mn ions were loaded to construct a theranostic system Mn@medi-MOF-1 (Mn 14.82 wt% and curcumin 31.62 wt%). In vitro, it displayed T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance performance, ideal ability of ROS production for chemodynamic therapy and stimuli-responsive drug release to inhibit cancer cell growth, indicating its potential applications for multimodal cancer theranostic. A MOF-based system containing 14.82 wt% Mn and 31.62 wt% curcumin was constructed. The system displayed good property of magnetic resonance imaging, chemodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel porous Co@C catalyst derived from pyrolysis of a unique layered metal-organic framework (MOF), with tunable pore sizes and thickness for CO 2 hydrogenation was reported. After preciously optimizing the structure of catalyst, the stability of the layered porous Co@C catalyst can be obviously improved, allowing it to maintain a 25% CO 2 conversion rate over an 80-hour period. Deeply investigate the dependence of the activity and stability of the Co@C catalyst on their composite structure, revealing the dual-confinement effect of stability of pore structure and ordered onion carbon belt effectively prevents the sintering of Co nanoparticles in cycles. [Display omitted] • A non-noble metal-based MOF derived RWGS catalyst was developed. • The Co-C interface and the graphene belt prevent the agglomeration of Co NPs. • The work highlights how structural adjustments can improve CO 2 hydrogenation. Addressing the urgent need for efficient CO 2 reduction, a novel Co@C catalyst was synthesized through the pyrolysis of a unique layered metal–organic framework (MOF), featuring tunable thickness, pore sizes. The CO 2 hydrogenation performance demonstrates an enhancement by an optimized structure that significantly improves stability, maintaining a 25% CO 2 conversion rate over an extended 80-hour period. The catalyst's composite structure exhibits a dual-confinement effect, where the Co-C interface and graphitic carbon belt stabilize Co nanoparticles, preventing sintering during reaction cycles. This study delves into the structural modifications necessary for catalytic optimization in CO 2 hydrogenation, offering valuable insights for designing efficient catalysts for CO 2 reduction and advancing sustainable energy solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The biocompatible MIL-53(Fe) was synthesized and utilized to load Ag ions via a simple impregnation resulting in an antibacterial system Ag@MIL-53(Fe). The materials were characterized by PXRD and SEM. The loading capacity and antibacterial performance of powders at different mass ratio were further investigated. The Ag ions content of Ag@MIL-53(Fe) reached to maximum (about 40.62 ​wt%) at the mass ratio of 1:1 which was measured by ICP. The inhibition zone radius of material (Ag 40.62 ​wt%) showed the optimal efficiency against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) while MIL-53(Fe) demonstrated negligible antimicrobial performance. The excellent antibacterial activity and desirable biocompatibility of Ag@MIL-53(Fe) implied its promising prospect in antibacterial. Ag ions as a typical antibacterial agent was loaded into MIL-53(Fe) via a simple impregnation method resulting in an antibacterial system Ag@MIL-53(Fe). MIL-53(Fe) exhibited the poor inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli while the obvious inhibition zone of Ag@MIL-53(Fe) was observed, the phenomena implied the excellent antibacterial behaviors of Ag@MIL-53(Fe) against both S. aureus and E. coli. [Display omitted] • A biocompatible MOF MIL-53(Fe) was synthesized. • Ag ions was loaded into MIL-53(Fe) to construct an antibacterial system Ag@MIL-53(Fe). • Ag@MIL-53(Fe) (Ag 40.62 wt%) showed optimal efficiency against both S. aureus and E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A Y-based metal-organic framework ZJU-16 was synthesized by a typical solvothermal method. • ZJU-16 had a satisfactory encapsulation loading of ibuprofen sodium (about 53.46 wt%). • ZJU-16 as a potential oral drug carrier showed excellent pH-responsive release. A Y-based metal-organic framework ZJU-16 with outstanding biocompatibility was synthesized by solvothermal method from organic nitrogen heterocycle ligand H 3 TATB and Y(NO 3) 3 •6H 2 O. ZJU-16 was selected as an oral drug carrier and encapsulated an anionic anti-inflammatory drug Ibuprofen sodium (IBUNa) resulting in IBUNa@ZJU-16. The maximum capacity of IBUNa was about 53.46 wt% at the mass ratio of 2:1. The drug release behavior was investigated and the result exhibited excellent pH-responsive release. Drug molecules neligible released in the simulated environment of the stomach (pH 2.0). Meanwhile, the IBUNa were released in the simulated intestinal environment (pH 7.4) significantly, indicating its possible application as an oral drug carrier. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal polyphenol compound Fe-TA (TA is tannin) was applied for surface modification to improve the selective adsorption capacity of UiO-67 on cationic dyes. The modified material UiO-67@Fe-TA, which named UFT-X, exhibited significantly selective adsorption of cationic dye. Then the Freundlich isotherm model and quasi second-order kinetics model were employed to characterize the adsorption of UiO-67@Fe-TA, and the maximum adsorption quantity was 1415.56 mg/g. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiency remained above 80% after 6 cycles. The research provided a strategy of materials design and modification for selective adsorption on mixed dyes. UiO-67 was modified with Fe-TA and the surface of the modified material was negatively charged. It was used for adsorbing cationic dyes and repelling anionic dyes. The modified material UiO-67@Fe-TA exhibited significant selective adsorption of cationic dye. [Display omitted] • The surface of UiO-67 was successfully modified by Fe-TA. • The modification has the advantages of simple, fast and low cost. • The modified material significantly enhanced the selective adsorption of UiO-67 to cationic dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal–organic framework HKUST-1 with admirable biocompatibility was selected to load antibiotic tetracycline hydrate (TCN) obtaining TCN@HKUST-1, which had excellent antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus. TCN@HKUST-1 revealed utilizable potentiality in the field of biological antibacterial. [Display omitted] Antibiotics are powerful weapons against bacteria and the unique porous structure makes metal–organic frameworks be good choices for antibiotic delivery. In this work, metal–organic framework HKUST-1 with excellent biocompatibility was synthesized to entrap the antibacterial tetracycline hydrate (TCN) obtaining TCN@HKUST-1 system. The drug loading amount of the system was 54.90 wt%. TCN@HKUST-1 showed excellent antibacterial effects against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli due to the antibacterial Cu2+ and TCN, revealing utilizable potentiality in the field of antibacterial application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new 4,7-disubstituted quinoline derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity. The representative compound 10k could inhibit colorectal cancer growth through inducing autophagy via excessively targeting stabilization of ATG5. [Display omitted] • A series of new 4,7-disubstituted quinoline derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as antitumor agents. • Compound 10k was found to be the most potent antitumor agent. • Compound 10k effectively inhibited tumor growth and decreased tumor weight in animal models. • Compound 10k inhibit colorectal cancer growth through inducing autophagy via excessively targeting stabilization of ATG5. A series of new 4,7-disubstituted quinoline derivatives was designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity. The results demonstrated that compounds 10c , 10g , 10i , 10j and 10k displayed potent antiproliferative activity with IC 50 value of lower than 5.0 μM against human tumor cell lines, and N-(3-nitrophenyl)-7-((3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)oxy)quinoline - 4-amine 10k was found to be the most potent antiproliferative agent against HCT-116, HepG2, BCG-823, A549 and A2780 cell lines with IC 50 values of 0.35, 1.98, 0.60, 0.39 and 0.67 μM, respectively. The antitumor efficacy of the representative compound 10k in mice was also evaluated, and the results showed that compound 10k effectively inhibited tumor growth and decreased tumor weight in animal models. Further investigation on mechanism of action indicated that compound 10k could inhibit colorectal cancer growth through inducing autophagy via excessively targeting stabilization of ATG5. Therefore, these quinoline derivatives are a new class of molecules that have the potential to be developed as new antitumor drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal-organic framework (MOF) Mn-PBC was synthesized and it showed theranostic effect containing T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance property and chemodynamic therapy effect. Considering its porous structure, an anti-cancer doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was loaded into MOF which was named DOX@Mn-PBC. It showed controllable drug release under different pH and temperature. Moreover, the system displayed more excellent tumor suppressive effect than Mn-PBC. The Mn-based system containing anti-cancer drugs displayed promising application as a tumor theranostic agent. [Display omitted] • A metal-organic framework Mn-PBC with theranostic effect was synthesized successfully. • The DOX was loaded into Mn-PBC to obtain DOX@Mn-PBC that showed pH and temperature dual-responsive drug delivery. • The DOX@Mn-PBC exhibited excellent T 1 -weighted MRI property and multimodal therapy effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio-immunotherapy driven by radiation-induced immunogenic cell death (ICD) is emerging as a potential opportunity to address conventional radiotherapy (RT) that is only applicable to localized tumor treatment. However, the effective activation of ICD during RT is severely limited by radiation dose, weak tumor immunogenicity, and radio-resistance caused by tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a novel bimetallic hybrid nanoscale coordination nanostimulator is first proposed by phosphate backbone doped with copper ions (Cu 2+ ) and hafnium ions (Hf 4+ ), and then modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The PVPylated Cu/Hf-doped phosphate nanostimulator (denoted as CHP) exhibits effective reprogramming of TME, including depletion of tumor endogenous glutathione (GSH), relief of tumor hypoxia and repolarization of M2 phenotypic macrophages, thus achieving tumor radiosensitization at low X-ray irradiation dose, gradually accumulation of tumor endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) and augmenting cuproptosis. In addition, cuproptosis can amplify RT-induced anti-tumor immunity through ICD activation, ultimately resulting in a robust anti-tumor immune response and long-term immunity, evidenced by distant tumor growth inhibition of 4T1-tumor-bearing models. More interestingly, it is discovered that CHP-mediated cuproptosis can be intensifiable during X-ray irradiation. Taken together, this work presents a novel radio-cuproptosis-immunotherapy cascade strategy, offering a new perspective for innovation in the treatment field of breast cancer., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Phytic acid (PA) in grain seeds reduces the bioavailability of nutrient elements in monogastric animals, and an important objective for crop seed biofortification is to decrease the seed PA content. Here, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to generate a PA mutant population targeting PA biosynthesis and transport genes, including two multi-drug-resistant protein 5 ( MRP5 ) and three inositol pentose-phosphate kinases ( IPK1 ). We characterized a variety of lines containing mutations on multiple IPK and MRP5 genes. The seed PA was more significantly decreased in higher-order mutant lines with multiplex mutations. However, such mutants also exhibited poor agronomic performance. In the population, we identified  two lines carrying single mutations in ipk1b and ipk1c , respectively. These mutants exhibited moderately reduced PA content, and regular agronomic performance compared to the wild type. Our study indicates that moderately decreasing PA by targeting single GmIPK1 genes, rather than multiplex mutagenesis toward ultra-low PA, is an optimal strategy for low-PA soybean with a minimal trade-off in yield performance., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-024-00158-4., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s) 2024.)

NADPH oxidase, as a major source of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), assumes an important role in the immune response and oxidative stress response of the body. NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is the first and most representative member of the NADPH oxidase family, and its effects on the development of tumor cells are gaining more and more attention. Our previous study suggested that NCF4 polymorphism in p40phox, a key subunit of NOX2, affected the outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab. It hypothesized that NOX2-mediated ROS could enhance the cytotoxic effects of some anti-tumor drugs in favor of patients with tumors. Several reviews have summarized the role of NOX2 and its congeners-mediated ROS in anti-tumor therapy, but few studies focused on the relationship between the expression of NOX2 and anti-tumor drug resistance. In this article, we systematically introduced the NOX family, represented by NOX2, and a classification of the latest inhibitors and agonists of NOX2. It will help researchers to have a more rational and objective understanding of the dual role of NOX2 in tumor drug resistance and is expected to provide new ideas for oncology treatment and overcoming drug resistance in cancer., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Non-noble metal catalysts now play a key role in promoting efficiently and economically catalytic reduction of CO 2 into clean energy, which is an important strategy to ameliorate global warming and resource shortage issues. Here, a non-noble bimetallic catalyst of CoFe/Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles is successfully designed with a core-shell structure that is well dispersed on the defect-rich carbon substrate for the hydrogenation of CO 2 under mild conditions. The catalysts exhibit a high CO 2 conversion activity with the rate of 30% and CO selectivity of 99%, and extremely robust stability without performance decay over 90 h in the reverse water gas shift reaction process. Notably, it is found that the reversible exsolution/dissolution of cobalt in the Fe 3 O 4 shell will lead to a dynamic and reversible deactivation/regeneration of the catalysts, accompanying by shell thickness breathing during the repeated cycles, via atomic structure study of the catalysts at different reaction stages. Combined with density functional theory calculations, the catalytic activity reversible regeneration mechanism is proposed. This work reveals the structure-property relationship for rational structure design of the advanced non-noble metallic catalyst materials with much improved performance., (© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)