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1,112 results on '"Lilge, Lothar"'

102. Stimulated raman scattering microscopy reveals silicone in breast tissue

Author

Schmidt, Robert W., van Haasterecht, Ludo, Zada, Liron, de Bakker, Erik, Barbé, Ellis, Leslie, Heather A., Vethaak, A. Dick, Gibbs, Susan, de Boer, Johannes F., Niessen, Frank B., van Zuijlen, Paul P.M., Groot, Marie Louise, Ariese, Freek, Huang, Zhiwei, Lilge, Lothar D., LaserLaB - Biophotonics and Microscopy, Biophotonics and Medical Imaging, E&H: Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, AIMMS, Environment and Health, Oral Cell Biology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Huang, Zhiwei, Lilge, Lothar D., Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, VU University medical center, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Pathology, Other Research, Molecular cell biology and Immunology, Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Systems & Network Neuroscience, AMS - Tissue Function & Regeneration, Paediatric Surgery, AII - Cancer immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and CCA - Cancer biology and immunology

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, stomatognathic diseases, technology, industry, and agriculture, macromolecular substances, complex mixtures
Abstract

Light microscopes don't have the ability to identify silicone (PDMS) particles from implants in histological slides. We describe a label-free method based on stimulated Raman scattering microscopy to locate and identify silicone in breast tissue.

Published
2021
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103. Translation of third and second harmonic generation microscopy into the clinic for the assessment of fresh lung tumor tissue

Author

Van Huizen, L.M.G., Daniels, J.M.A., Radonic, T., van Mourik, F., Dickhoff, C., Bahce, I., Annema, J.T., Groot, M.L., Huang, Zhiwei, Lilge, Lothar D., Huang, Zhiwei, Lilge, Lothar D., Pulmonology, CCA - Cancer biology and immunology, CCA - Imaging and biomarkers, Biophotonics and Medical Imaging, LaserLaB - Biophotonics and Microscopy, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, Pulmonary medicine, CCA - Cancer Treatment and quality of life, Pathology, Cardio-thoracic surgery, Surgery, and VU University medical center

Abstract

We show a portable third and second harmonic generation microscope in the clinic generating 3D real-time high resolution images of fresh lung tumor tissue providing immediate pathological feedback for clinicians potentially reducing endoscopy/operation time.

Published
2021
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109. Modeling the efficiency of UV at 254 nm for disinfecting the different layers within N95 respirators

Author

Abdalrhman, Abdallatif Satti, Wang, Chengjin, Manalac, Angelica, Weersink, Madrigal, Yassine, Abdul‐Amir, Betz, Vaughn, Barbeau, Benoit, Lilge, Lothar, Hofmann, Ron, Abdalrhman, Abdallatif Satti, Wang, Chengjin, Manalac, Angelica, Weersink, Madrigal, Yassine, Abdul‐Amir, Betz, Vaughn, Barbeau, Benoit, Lilge, Lothar, and Hofmann, Ron

Abstract

The study presented a Monte Carlo simulation of light transport in eight commonly used filtered facepiece respirators (FFRs) to assess the efficacy of UV at 254 nm for the inactivation of SARS-CoV-2. The results showed different fluence rates across the thickness of the eight different FFRs, implying that some FFR models may be more treatable than others, with the following order being (from most to least treatable): models 1512, 9105s, 1805, 9210, 1870+, 8210, 8110s and 1860, for single side illumination. The model predictions did not coincide well with some previously reported experimental data on virus inactivation when applied to FFR surfaces. The simulations predicted that FFRs should experience higher log reductions (>>6-log) than those observed experimentally (often limited to ~5-log). Possible explanations are virus shielding by aggregation or soiling, and a lack of the Monte Carlo simulations considering near-field scattering effects that can create small, localized regions of low UV photon probability on the surface of the fiber material. If the latter is the main cause in limiting practical UV viral decontamination, improvement might be achieved by exposing the FFR to UV isotropically from all directions, such as by varying the UV source to the FFR surface angle during treatment.

Published
2021

110. Bringing third and second harmonic generation microscopy into the clinic for the assessment of fresh lung tissue

Author

Van Huizen, Laura M.G., Seinstra, Daniëlle, Dickhoff, Chris, Radonic, Teodora, Bahce, Idris, Van Mourik, Frank, Annema, Jouke T., Daniels, Johannes M.A., Van Boven, Wim Jan P., Groot, Marie Louise, Lilge, Lothar D., Philipp, Carsten M., Pulmonology, AII - Cancer immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, CCA - Imaging and biomarkers, Cardiothoracic Surgery, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Cardio-thoracic surgery, Pathology, Pulmonary medicine, Lilge, Lothar D., Philipp, Carsten M., LaserLaB - Biophotonics and Microscopy, Biophotonics and Medical Imaging, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging

Subjects
Third harmonic generation microscopy, Frozen section procedure, Microscope, business.industry, Histology, Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy, law.invention, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, law, Validation, Microscopy, Second harmonic generation microscopy, Medicine, Lung tumor, Lung surgery, business, Nuclear medicine, Lung tissue, Clinic
Abstract

Third and second harmonic generation (THG/SHG) microscopy is a novel imaging technique that has been suggested as a promising clinical tool, mainly for cancer diagnosis. Here, we test for the first time a compact, transportable ex-vivo THG/SHG microscope (Tritos Diagnostics B.V.) for clinical use. In lung surgery, immediate feedback on the nature of the excised tissue is important. We will present the first results of an ongoing study in which we image both lung tumor tissue immediately after excision and frozen section biopsies, and compare the images to the golden standard histology. Prior to this study, we performed a set of experiments collecting 3D images of mouse lung tissue to show that the combination of THG and SHG microscopy reveals key lung morphology components.

Published
2019
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117. Design and performance of thin cylindrical diffusers created in Ge-doped multimode optical fibers

Author

Vesselov, Leonid, Whittington, William, and Lilge, Lothar

Subjects
Diffusers -- Research, Optics -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

Cylindrical fiber diffusers have become common tools for various medical therapies. However, their large outer diameters and short lengths restrict their clinical application in some newly developed light therapies. Here, a 250-[micro]m outer-diameter diffuser with an active length that exceeds 5 cm is presented. Diffusers are created in photosensitive optical fibers with outer cladding diameters of 140 [micro]m by use of a structured beam from an excimer laser. Predetermined emission profiles can be achieved. Photometric characteristics, including longitudinal, polar, and azimuthal emission diagrams, were determined by use of a goniometer to assess the light-emission performance of the diffuser. Longitudinal isotropy of better than [+ or -] 10% was achieved. Polar and azimuthal emissions were within [+ or -] 15% of those of an ideal linear Lambertian emitter. Polar uniformity could be improved by an insignificant increase in the outer diameter by use of a diffusing recoating compound. The residual leakage of light at the distal end of the diffuser can be as little as 1%. Other physical parameters tested include minimal bending radius after recoating (1.0 W [cm.sup.-1]). All materials employed were biocompatible. OCIS codes: 170.5180, 170.3890.

Published
2005

118. Microfabricated system for parallel single-cell capillary electrophoresis

Author

Munce, Nigel R., Li, Jianzhao, Herman, Peter R., and Lilge, Lothar

Subjects
Chemistry, Analytic -- Research, Electrophoresis -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

Performing single-cell electrophoresis separations using multiple parallel microchannels offers the possibility of both increasing throughput and eliminating cross-contamination between different separations. The instrumentation for such a system requires spatial and temporal control of both single-cell selection and lysis. To address these problems, a compact platform is presented for single-cell capillary electrophoresis in parallel microchannels that combines optical tweezers for cell selection and electromechanical lysis. Calcein-labeled acute myloid leukemia (AML) cells were selected from an on-chip reservoir and transported by optical tweezers to one of four parallel microfluidic channels. Each channel entrance was manufactured by [F.sub.2]-1aser ablation to form a 20-to 10-[micro]m tapered lysis reservoir, creating an injector geometry effective in confining the cellular contents during mechanical shearing of the cell at the 10-/[micro]m capillary entrance. The contents of individual cells were simultaneously injected into parallel channels resulting in electrophoretic separation as recorded by laser-induced fluorescence of the labeled cellular contents.

Published
2004

121. Inside Cover

Author

Lilge, Lothar, primary, Manalac, Angelica, additional, Weersink, Madrigal, additional, Schwiegelshohn, Fynn, additional, Young‐Schultz, Tanner, additional, Abdalrhman, Abdallatif Satti, additional, Wang, Chengjin, additional, Ngan, Aldrich, additional, Gu, Frank X., additional, Betz, Vaughn, additional, and Hofmann, Ron, additional

Published
2020
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123. Minimal required PDT light dosimetry for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (Erratum)

Author

Lilge, Lothar, primary, Wu, Jenny, additional, Xu, Yiwen, additional, Manalac, Angelica, additional, Molenhuis, Daniel, additional, Schwiegelshohn, Fynn, additional, Vesselov, Leonid, additional, Embree, Wayne, additional, Nesbit, Michael, additional, Betz, Vaughn, additional, Mandel, Arkady, additional, Jewett, Michael A. S., additional, and Kulkarni, Girish S., additional

Published
2020
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130. Absorbed photodynamic dose from pulsed versus continuous wave light examined with tissue-simulating dosimeters

Author

Pogue, Brian W., Lilge, Lothar, Patterson, Michael S., Wilson, Brian C., and Hasan, Tayyaba

Subjects
Photochemotherapy -- Research, Photographic dosimetry -- Research, Optical measurements -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

A dosimetric system has been developed to measure the spatially resolved light dose absorbed by a photosensitizer in a tissue-simulating medium. These gelatin-based dosimeters had macroscopic optical scattering and absorption properties that are typical for homogeneous tissue and contained the photosensitizer benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid (BPD-MA). A reporter molecule, 2[prime]7[prime]-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA), served as an actinometer, which could be photosensitized by BPD-MA to generate a highly fluorescent photoproduct. The relative photosensitizing efficiencies of high-intensity pulsed and cw laser light were compared in these tissue-simulating dosimeters. These measurements demonstrate an increase in penetration for pulsed light as compared with cw light in the dosimeters. A numerical simulation of the light propagation based on optical diffusion theory was used along with the energy levels of the photosensitizer molecule to examine the mechanisms involved in the absorbed dose. The increased penetration of high-intensity pulsed light was due to a transient decrease in the absorption of the photosensitizer, resulting from saturation of the photosensitizer optical transitions. This study provides the first direct comparison of the photodynamic dose absorbed by a photosensitizer using both high-intensity pulsed and cw laser light in a tissue-simulating medium. These measurements demonstrate that a small increase in depth of treatment is possible with pulsed laser light as compared with cw laser light simply on the basis of the unique photochemistry of the photosensitizer. However, this effect still needs to be examined carefully in tumor tissue, where other biological or chemical effects may become significant. Key words: Photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative, tissue optical property, tissue phantom.

Published
1997

131. Pc 4 Photodynamic Therapy of U87-Derived Human Glioma in the Nude Rat

Author

George, John E., III, Ahmad, Yusra, Varghai, Davood, Li, Xiaolin, Berlin, Jeffrey, Jackowe, David, Jungermann, Marc, Wolfe, Michael S., Lilge, Lothar, Totonchi, Ali, Morris, Rachel L., Peterson, Allyn, Lust, David W., Kenney, Malcolm E., Hoppel, Charles L., Sun, Jiayang, Oleinick, Nancy L., and Dean, David

Published
2005
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134. Local Integration of Commercially Available Intra-operative MR-scanner and Neurosurgical Guidance for Metalloporphyrin-Guided Tumor Resection and Photodynamic Therapy

Author

Dean, David, primary, Duerk, Jeffrey, additional, Wendt, Michael, additional, Metzger, Andrew, additional, Lilge, Lothar, additional, Wilson, Brian, additional, Yang, Victor, additional, Selman, Warren, additional, Lewin, Jonathan, additional, and Ratcheson, Robert, additional

Published
2000
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135. Spatially resolved absolute diffuse reflectance measurements for noninvasive determination of the optical scattering and absorption coefficients of biological tissue

Author

Kienle, Alwin, Lilge, Lothar, Patterson, Michael S., Hibst, Raimund, Steiner, Rudolf, and Wilson, Brian C.

Subjects
Neural networks -- Usage, Diagnostic imaging -- Research, Tissues, Reflectance spectroscopy -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

The absorption and transport scattering coefficients of biological tissues determine the radial dependence of the diffuse reflectance that is due to a point source. A system is described for making remote measurements of spatially resolved absolute diffuse reflectance and hence noninvasive, noncontact estimates of the tissue optical properties. The system incorporated a laser source and a CCD camera. Deflection of the incident beam into the camera allowed characterization of the source for absolute reflectance measurements. It is shown that an often used solution of the diffusion equation cannot be applied for these measurements. Instead, a neural network, trained on the results of Monte Carlo simulations, was used to estimate the absorption and scattering coefficients from the reflectance data. Tests on tissue-simulating phantoms with transport scattering coefficients between 0.5 and 2.0 [mm.sup.-1] and absorption coefficients between 0.002 and 0.1 [mm.sup.-1] showed the rms errors of this technique to be 2.6% for the transport scattering coefficient and 14% for the absorption coefficients. The optical properties of bovine muscle, adipose, and liver tissue, as well as chicken muscle (breast), were also measured ex vivo at 633 and 751 nm. For muscle tissue it was found that the Monte Carlo simulation did not agree with experimental measurements of reflectance at distances less than 2 mm from the incident beam. Key words: Tissue optics, reflectance, Monte Carlo, neural network.

Published
1996

136. Why do veins appear blue? A new look at an old question

Author

Kienle, Alwin, Lilge, Lothar, Vitkin, I. Alex, Patterson, Michael S., Wilson, Brian C., Hibst, Raimund, and Steiner, Rudolf

Subjects
Veins, Color vision -- Research, Astronomy, Physics
Abstract

We investigate why vessels that contain blood, which has a red or a dark red color, may look bluish in human tissue. A CCD camera was used to make images of diffusely reflected light at different wavelengths. Measurements of reflectance that are due to model blood vessels in scattering media and of human skin containing a prominent vein are presented. Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the spatially resolved diffuse reflectance for both situations. We show that the color of blood vessels is determined by the following factors: (i) the scattering and absorption characteristics of skin at different wavelengths, (ii) the oxygenation state of blood, which affects its absorption properties, (iii) the diameter and the depth of the vessels, and (iv) the visual perception process.

Published
1996

138. Wearable sensor system for multipoint measurements of blood perfusion: pilot studies in patients with diabetes mellitus

Author

Lilge, Lothar D., Philipp, Carsten M., Zherebtsov, Evgeny A., Zharkikh, Elena V., Kozlov, Igor O., Loktionova, Yulia I., Zherebtsova, Angelina I., Rafailov, Ilya E., Sokolovski, Sergei G., Sidorov, Victor V., Dunaev, Andrey V., Rafailov, Edik U., Lilge, Lothar D., Philipp, Carsten M., Zherebtsov, Evgeny A., Zharkikh, Elena V., Kozlov, Igor O., Loktionova, Yulia I., Zherebtsova, Angelina I., Rafailov, Ilya E., Sokolovski, Sergei G., Sidorov, Victor V., Dunaev, Andrey V., and Rafailov, Edik U.

Abstract

The growing interest in the development of new wearable electronic devices for mobile healthcare provides great opportunities for the development of methods for assessing blood perfusion in this direction. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is one of the promising methods. A fine analysis of capillary blood ow structure and rhythm in the time and frequency domains, coupled with a new possibility of round-the-clock monitoring can provide valuable diagnostic information about the state of microvascular blood ow. In this study, wearable implementation of laser Doppler flowmetry was utilised for microcirculatory function assessment in patients with diabetes and healthy controls of two distinct age groups. Four wearable laser Doppler flowmetry monitors were used for the analysis of blood microcirculation. Thirty-seven healthy volunteers and 18 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in the study. The results of the studies have shown that the average perfusion differs between healthy volunteers of distinct age groups and between healthy volunteers of the younger age group and patients with diabetes mellitus. It was noted that the average level of perfusion measured on the wrist in the two groups of healthy volunteers has no statistically significant differences found in similar measurements on the fingertips. The wearable implementation of LDF can become a truly new diagnostic interface to monitor cardiovascular parameters, which could be of interest for diagnostics of conditions associated with microvascular disorders.

Published
2019

140. A006 Patterns of Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity in Older Adults Post Hip Fracture

Author

Hamilton, Clayon B., Chesworth, Bert M., Zusman, Enav Zipora, Dawes, Martin, Fleig, Lena, McAllister, Megan M., Cook, Wendy L., McKay, Heather A., Khan, Karim M., Brasher, Penelope, Ashe, Maureen C., Dewan, Neha, MacDermid, Joy, MacIntyre, Norma, Grewal, Ruby, Fricke, Moni, Harvey, Liz, Pereira, Gisele, Garrett, Mark, Babatunde, Folarin Omoniyi, MacDermid, Joy C., McGowan, Emer, Martin, Gillian, Stokes, Emma, Sharma, Vivek, Zia, Nayeem, Kaur, Harraman, Christie, Heather Joyce, Rapko, Sarah Michelle, Stobart, Lori Patricia Graumann, Levac, Danielle E., Miller, Patricia A., Glegg, Stephanie M. N., Colquhoun, Heather, Wright, F. Virginia, Young, Rozlyn, Chan, Catherine, Dawes, Stacey, Tse, Emily, Greig, Alison M., Murphy, Sue, Lowe, Eric, Miles, Luke, Richards, Scott, von Schellwitz, Christopher, Wark, Krysta, Dawson, Lynn, Harrington, Kristyn, Dessureault, Liam, Martin, Anne-Michelle, Tehrani, Pooneh, DeVries, Zachary, Howe, Jo-Anne Adelle, Salbach, Nancy Margaret, Tee, Alda, Moller, Jason, French, Esme, Lang, Melissa, Hoens, Alison, Westby, Marie D., Longstaff, Steven, Duggan, Maureen, Young, Steven James, Tait, James Curtis, Jawl, Bradley, Hoens, Alison Alice Maria, Houghton, Pamela, Nussbaum, Ethne L., Shay, Barbara L., Musselman, Kristin, Miller, Stuart, Pollock, Courtney, Miller, Kimberly, Garland, Jayne, Carvajal, Jennifer, Sheppard, Phillip, Harris, Susan R., Moreside, Janice Marie, Scannell, Joan P., Roots, Robin K., Murphy, Susan, Worthington, Anne, Yeung, Euson, Gibson, Barbara, Shaw, jay, Kuper, Ayelet, Nixon, Stephanie, Switzer-McIntyre, Sharon, Song, Wonju, Sharkey, Megan, Norman, Kathleen, Hopkins-Rosseel, Diana, Miller, Carol E., Puri, Carol, Nilson, JoAnn Kathryn, Mulder, Kathy J., Wittmeier, Kristy, Schachter, Candice L., Arnold, Cathy, Oosman, Sarah, Lomotey, Richard, Beavers, Lindsay, Miller, Erin, Manns, Patricia, Kwok, Alyson, Nazarali, Jenna, Schroeder, Linaya, Sehn, Megan, Stout, Kirsten, Potter, Jadon, Singh, Lauren, Durocher, Liz, Roy, Thomas, Abonyi, Sylvia, Oosman, Sarah N., Roberts, Kerrie Anne, Lowcock, Janet Elizabeth, Dhir, Jasdeep, Walton, Dave, Millard, Jim, Mori, Brenda, Evans, Cathy, Webber, Sandra C., Harvey, Elizabeth H., Dean, Brenda G., Proctor, Peggy L., Lindsay, Jane, Harvey, Drew, Hunter, Susan, Batchelor, Frances, Hill, Keith, Hill, Anne-Marie, Mackintosh, Shylie, Payne, Michael, Arnold, Catherine, Johnston, JoAnn Walker, Lanovaz, Joel, Lattimer, Lauren, Richardson, Julie Anne, Letts, Lori, Chan, David, Sinclair, Susanne, Mangin, Derelie, Sarah, Sanford, Wojkowski, Sarah, Donnelly, Catherine, Benson, Katie, Schimmell, Alex, Truong, Devonna, Dunkley, Magen, DePaul, Vincent G., Esculier, Jean-Francois, Bouyer, Laurent Julien, Roy, Jean-Sébastien, Whittaker, Jackie L., Toomey, Clodagh, Nettel-Aguirre, Alberto, Jaremko, Jacob, Woodhouse, Linda J., Emery, Carolyn A., Kennedy, Deborah M., Stratford, Paul, Massei, Michael, Sanzo, Paolo, Przysucha, Eryk, Dhaidan, Ghaith, Maunula, Mikko, Solomon, Vaeda, Souza-Barros, Leanna, Gabison, Sharon, Lilge, Lothar, Ezeugwu, Victor E., Garga, Neera, Manns, Patricia J., Barclay, Ruth, Miller, Pat, Pooyania, Sepideh, Nixon, Stephanie A., Cameron, Cathy, Chambers, Lori, Kassam, Aly, Montgomery, Robin, Worthington, Catherine, Maimbolwa, Margaret, Mbulaheni, Tola, Pierre-Pierre, Valerie, Tattle, Stephen, Katz, Shikma, Kalichman, Leonid, Zaltzman, Yacov, Arad, Racheli, Nachmani, Hadas, Hauser, Daniele, Marcus, Esther-Lee, Bernard, Stephanie, Moffet, Helene, Dumoulin, Chantale, Ouellet, Marie-Pier, Plante, Marie, Odole, Adesola Christiana, Olugbenga-Alfred, Adenike Agnes, Siu, Henry, Razmjou, Helen, Robarts, Susan, Kennedy, Deborah, Holtby, Richard, Bognar, Stephanie, DeFaria, AnneMarie, O’Dwyer, Casey, Pankiw, Elana, Simic, Jennifer, Nyhof-Young, Joyce, Teixeira, Suzanne, Barker, Meghan, Nasopoulos, Theodora, Noad, Jennifer, Patterson, Kara K., Sibley, Kathryn M., Adams, Meaghan Shearer, Staines, W. Richard, Smetaniuk, Tracey, Johnson, Darren, Block, Kristi, Creurer, Jeremy, Schlegel, Magdalena, Verchere, Cynthia, Bellows, Doria B., Durlacher, Kim, Pike, Jeffrey, Bucevska, Marija, Fitzsimmons, Matthew, Bostick, Geoff, Holly, Janet Teresa, Grieve, Sharon, Perez, Roberto SGM., Birklein, Frank, Brunner, Florian, Bruehl, Stephen, Harden, Norm, Packham, Tara, Gobeil, Francois, McCabe, Candy, Moskovitz, Peter, Haigh, Richard, Handford, Midori, Lepine, Kiera, Boccia, Kristina, Ruddick, Francesca, Alyeksyeyeva, Darya, Thompson, Aaron, Holness, Linn, MacDermid, Joy Christine, Gogia, Pritika, Bello-Haas, Vanina Dal, O’Connell, Megan E., Morgan, Debra, Smith, Jenna, Richardson, Julie, Wong, Andy, Charchun, Sarabjeet, Feehan, Lynne, Cooper, Nicole S., Chong, Evelyn, Cheng, Isabella, Horner, Stephanie, Stairs, Emily, Howland, Raymond, Alsharafi, Zuhair, DasGupta, Tracey, Cho, Nancy Joywynne, Woods, Kyleigh Alexandra, Taylor, Kristin Leigh, Publicover, Cathy, Hatchette, Jill E., Yungblut, Susan M., Parsons, Trisha, Gasparelli, Katie, McKenzie, Brooke, Crowley, Hilary, Virag, Olivia, Seng-iad, Sirirat, Maximos, Melody, McLeod, Kate, Smart, Amanda, Sauvé, Dorianne, Landry, Michel D., Raman, Sudha, Macdonald, Allan Andrew, Kane, Kyra, Ezzat, Allison M., Whittaker, Jackie, Doyle-Baker, Patricia, Rosiers, Piaf Des, MacKay-Lyons, Marilyn, Parker, Robin, Keeler, Laura, McArthur, Caitlin, Patel, Ruchit, Gatobu, Sospeter, Papaioannou, Alexandra, Laprade, Judi, Cheung, Angela M., Jain, Ravi, Lee, Linda, Giangregorio, Lora, Silveira, Anelise, Beaupre, Lauren, Styles-Tripp, Fiona, Luciak-Corea, Charlene, Bouliane, Martin, Balyk, Robert, Lalani, Aleem, Glasgow, Robert, Bergman, Joseph, Sheps, David, Petitclerc, Émilie, Hébert, Luc J., Desrosiers, Johanne, Mathieu, Jean, Gagnon, Cynthia, O’Donovan, Mary Jane, McLean, Linda, Hunter, Judith, Pukall, Caroline, Krupa, Terry, Montpetit-Tourangeau, Katherine, Hudon, Anne, Windsor, Monica, Dyer, Joseph-Omer, Charlin, Bernard, Mamede, Sílvia, van Gog, Tamara, Coghlan, Cara, Mallinger, Hilary, Richard, Jocelynn, Stern, Arlee, Deslauriers, Simon, Raymond, Marie-Hélène, Laliberté, Maude, Lavoie, Amélie, Desmeules, François, Feldman, Debbie E., Perreault, Kadija, Pierre, Alec St, Turpin, Danielle, Piccinin, Adam, Toscan, Jordan, Gross, Anita, Gandhi, Payal, Chan, Katherine, Verrier, Molly, Persadie, Nicholas R., Obeid, Joyce, Scott, Lisa, Piscione, Janine, Mabbott, Donald J., Timmons, Brian W., Sivarajah, Lavan, Bisaro, Derek, Oates, Alison, Ouellet, Philippe, Décary, Simon, Vendittoli, Pascal-André, Macri, Erin M., Crossley, Kay M., d’Entremont, Agnes, Hart, Harvi, Forster, Bruce, Wilson, David, Ratzlaff, Charles, Louie, Dennis R., Eng, Janice, Miller, Jordan, Wideman, Timothy H., Desmeules, Francois, Jaindl, Bryna, Dykes, Lorenne, Coulthard, Jason, Naylen, Jessica, Rochelau, Noelle, Bath, Brenna, Clay, Lynne, Idrees, Muhammed, Trask, Catherine, Boudreau, Kaitlyn Sarah, McNeely, Margaret, Hung, Stanley H., Rafn, Bolette S., Hoens, Alison M., McNeely, Margaret L., Singh, Chiara, Kwan, Winkle, Dingee, Carol K., McKevitt, Elaine C., Kuusk, Urve, Goldsmith, Charles H., Campbell, Kristin L., Ospina, Paula Alejandra, Decary, Simon, Fallaha, Michel, Pelletier, Bruno, Frémont, Pierre, Martel-Pelletier, Johanne, Pelletier, Jean-Pierre, Feldman, Debbie, Massé, Vincent, Sylvestre, Marie-Pierre, Kriellaars, Dean, Stefanik, Joshua J., Bell, Chris, Brigham, L. Keltie, Cyr, Scott, Deneiko, Melanie, Okrainec, Matthew, Kzyzyk, Joanne, Madill, Stéphanie Jane, AlOnazi, Mona M., Miazga, Kirsten J., Culos-Reed, S. Nicole, Yurick, Janice, and Smith-Turchyn, Jenna

Subjects
Poster Presentations, Innovation in Education, Abstract Presentations, Student Abstracts, Proposal Presentations, Physiotherapy Research: from Basic Science to Population Health, Article, Best Practice, Practice Models and Health Policy
Published
2016

141. Potential of Ruthenium as a photosensitizer in radiation-activated Photodynamic Therapy (radioPDT).

Author

Azad, Abul Kalam, Dinakaran, Deepak, Chen, Hua, Lilge, Lothar, McFarland, Sherri, Usmani, Nawaid, Narain, Ravin, Lewis, John, and Moore, Ronald

Abstract

In Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), light is used to activate photosensitizers (PS) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a cell-killing mechanism. However, PDT's application is limited to the surface and small size tumors because of the inefficiency of light in penetrating larger and deep-seated tumors. We have developed novel nanoparticles (NPs) that can be activated by radiation, a process known as the radiation-activated PDT (radioPDT). In our studies we developed a new variant of pegylated poly-lactic-co-glycolic (PEG-PLGA) encapsulated nanoscintillators (NSC) and ruthenium-based photosensitizer (Ru/rPDT) that exhibits minimal cell toxicity while having significant cell killing effect upon radiation activation. Our data suggest that radioPDT with Ru/rPDT can be a more effective strategy than previous protoporphyrin-based iterations in treating many deep-seated tumors. Introduction and Background : Toxicity and normal tissue damage are limiting factors for the application of radiotherapy (RT) where higher doses of radiation is required to cure deep-seated tumor such as prostate cancer. In Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), photosensitizers (PS) are activated by light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill tumor cells. However, the main limitation of the current PDT is the limited tissue penetration of PS-activating light. Thus, PDT cannot be effectively used to treat deep-seated and larger size tumors. RT has higher tissue penetration depth, making the radiation-activated PDT (radioPDT) advantageous in treating deep seated tumors. We aim to develop novel radioPDT nanoparticles (NP) with more efficient anti-cancer therapeutic effect in vitro and in vivo to enhance targeted radiotherapy. Methods: LaF3:Ce3+ nanoscintillators (NSCs) were synthesized in a single step wet chemistry technique. The NSCs along with Ruthenium-based PS (Ru) with matching excitation/emission spectra were successfully encapsulated in PEG-PLGA. UV-Vis spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to confirm the presence of NSCs and Ru, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the size of NP. Singlet oxygen generation was measured by Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green (SOSG) and direct singlet oxygen fluorescence. RadioPDT therapeutic potential was evaluated in PC3 prostate cancer cell under radiation by Alamar Blue cell viability assay. Results: UV-Vis spectrometry and ICP-MS determined the successful PEG-PLGA encapsulation of NSC and Ru. The TEM imaging confirmed the encapsulation NSC inside the nanocarrier PEG-PLGA. TEM and DLS measurements showed the size of radioNP ranged from 90nm to 150nm with polydispersity index of <0.3. Singlet oxygen generation by Ru/rPDT NPs was greater than PPIX based radioPDT (PPIX/rPDT) NPs. Furthermore, the direct measurement of singlet oxygen generation with fluorescence spectroscopy of Ru/rPDT showed preserved singlet oxygen yield and no evidence of quenching. The Ru/rPDT and PPIX/rPDT showed minimal PC3 cell cytotoxicity in dark conditions. The PC3 cell killing efficiency was comparable between Ru/rPDT and PPIX/rPDT either under light or radiation activation. Conclusion: Our in vitro studies show Ru/rPDT significantly increases anti-cancer therapeutic effect of RT, with minimal toxicity. Future studies will refine in vivo NP biodistribution, dosing, and RT dose/fractionation schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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