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Summary Endophytic fungal communities of Dysphania ambrosioides, a hyperaccumulator growing at two Pb‐Zn‐contaminated sites, were investigated through culture‐dependent and culture‐independent approaches. A total of 237 culturable endophytic fungi (EF) were isolated from 368 tissue (shoot and roots) segments, and the colonization rate (CR) ranged from 9.64% to 65.98%. The isolates were identified to 43 taxa based on morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS sequence analysis. Among them, 13 taxa (30.23%) were common in plant tissues from both sites; however, dominant EF were dissimilar. In culture‐dependent study, 1989 OTUs were obtained through Illumina Miseq sequencing, and dominant EF were almost same in plant tissues from both sites. However, some culturable EF were not observed in total endophytic communities. We suggest that combination of both culture‐dependent and culture‐independent methods will provide more chances for the precise estimation of endophytic fungal community than using either of them. The tissue had more influence on the culturable fungal community structure, whereas the location had more influence on the total fungal community structure (including culturable and unculturable). Both culture‐dependent and culture‐independent studies illustrated that endophytic fungal communities of D. ambrosioides varied across the sites, which suggested that HM concentration of the soil may have some influence on endophytic fungal diversity.

Porous graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite as scaffold has attracted increasing attention in bone tissue engineering recently. In this study, GO nanosheets was modified by 2,2′-(ethylenedioxy)-diethnethiol (EDDET), and dithiol-modified GO (DT-GO) nanosheets were obtained. The results confirmed that GO nanosheets were cross-linked by EDDET, meanwhile, the distance between GO layers reduced after modification. Next, DT-GO nanosheets were further incorporated into alginate hydrogels to fabricate DT-GO/alginate (DT-GA) nanocomposite as scaffold. The prepared DT-GA nanocomposite behaved the laminar network morphology with interconnected porous structure confirmed by SEM analysis. In addition, the DT-GA nanocomposite with the concentration of DT-GO nanosheets at 16.7% showed the highest porosity value and lowest compressive strength. Furthermore, the bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) showed a good proliferation on DT-GA nanocomposite, demonstrated that prepared nanocomposite had a good cytocompatibility, which was identified by CCK-8 assay and fluorescent microscopy images. Lastly, ALP activity analysis certified that BMSCs seeded on DT-GA nanocomposite could differentiate into osteoblastic phenotype. Above results suggest that the dithiol-modified GO/alginate nanocomposite has the potential to be applied in bone tissue engineering.

The diversity and heavy metal (HM) tolerance of endophytic fungi (EF) associated with Dysphania ambrosioides, a hyperaccumulator from two Pb–Zn contaminated sites were investigated. A total of 237 culturable EF were isolated and identified to 43 taxa based on morphological characteristics and rDNA internal transcribed spacer analysis, of which 13 occurred as endophytes of both sites, while other taxa were only found in either site. The colonization rate, dominant genera, community structure of EF as well as the HM content in the plant from two sites were significantly different. We suggest that these differences may result from the difference in the soil HM content: lower HM content in the soil, more EF in the plant, which may enhance the plant HM accumulation and thus result higher HM in it. HM tolerance tests indicated that 50% of the isolates exhibited HM tolerance. Among them, two isolates exhibited better HM tolerance, of which FT2G59 could tolerate Pb, Zn, and Cd, and the minimum inhibitory ...

About: The dataset is the new version of water use data in https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.897933 with some revision in the coordinate in the dataset. The dataset constitutes the first reconstructed global water use data product at sub-annual and sub-national/gridded resolution that is derived from different models and data sources; it was generated by spatially and temporally downscaling country-scale estimates of sectoral water withdrawals from FAO AQUASTAT (and state-scale estimates of USGS for the US). In addition, the industrial sector was disaggregated into manufacturing, mining and cooling of thermal power plants by using historical estimates from GCAM. Downscaling was performed using the output of various models and new modeling approaches, which includes the spatial and temporal downscaling methodologies for water withdrawal in previous studies (Wada et al., 2011; Voisin et al., 2013; Hejazi et al., 2014). For the consumptive water use, irrigation water consumption is reconstructed based on estimates by 4 GHMs and consumptive water use efficiency (the proportion of water consumption to water withdrawal), which is calculated based on simulation of Flörke et al (2013) and USGS estimates, is used to generated global consumptive water use for the remaining sector. Therefore, a global monthly gridded (0.5 degree) sectoral water use dataset for the period 1971–2010, which distinguishes six water use sectors, i.e. irrigation, domestic, electricity generation (cooling of thermal power plants), livestock, mining, and manufacturing, was reconstructed. The detailed descriptions for this dataset are presented in Huang et al (2018). Contact: For further questions please contact Zhongwei Huang ( huangzw@nuist.edu.cn)., {"references":["Huang, Z., Hejazi, M., Li, X., Tang, Q., Leng, G., Liu, Y., Döll, P., Eisner, S., Gerten, D., Hanasaki, N., and Wada, Y.: Reconstruction of global gridded monthly sectoral water withdrawals for 1971–2010 and analysis of their spatiotemporal patterns, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2017-551, in review, 2017.","Wada, Y., Van Beek, L., Viviroli, D., Dürr, H. H., Weingartner, R., and Bierkens, M. F.: Global monthly water stress: 2. Water demand and severity of water stress, Water Resources Research, 47, 2011.","Voisin, N., Liu, L., Hejazi, M., Tesfa, T., Li, H., Huang, M., Liu, Y., and Leung, L.: One-way coupling of an integrated assessment model and a water resources model: evaluation and implications of future changes over the US Midwest, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17, 4555-4575, 2013.","Flörke, M., Kynast, E., Bärlund, I., Eisner, S., Wimmer, F., and Alcamo, J.: Domestic and industrial water uses of the past 60 years as a mirror of socio-economic development: A global simulation study, Global Environmental Change, 23, 144-156, 2013.","Hejazi, M., Edmonds, J., Clarke, L., Kyle, P., Davies, E., Chaturvedi, V., Wise, M., Patel, P., Eom, J., and Calvin, K.: Longterm global water projections using six socioeconomic scenarios in an integrated assessment modeling framework, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 81, 205-226, 2014."]}

This paper aims at exploring the efficient strategies of movie-subtitle translation by analyzing the problems in the translating process in terms of linguistic and cultural obstructions. By evaluating the English-Chinese translated version of the film The Shawshank Redemption, a 1994 American drama released by the Time Warner Company, the author tries to show how relevance theory works in dealing with the problems in translation, namely cultural differences, word games, style and omission in translation. Relevance theory is powerful and efficient in overcoming linguistic, cultural and stylistic obstacles in translation process. It allows translators more freedom to recreate their own translation versions rather than being trapped in the “meaning and form” dilemma as (translation) is supposed to “render the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text” (Newmark, 2001: 5). This is especially true in the movie subtitle translation due to its unique features as a text and the expectation from the audiences.