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456 results on '"Levinson, R"'

107. Constitutive neuronal expression of the immune regulator, programmed death 1 (PD-1), identified during experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Author

Chen L, Pai V, Levinson R, Sharpe AH, Freeman GJ, Braun J, Gordon LK, Chen, Ling, Pai, Vicky, Levinson, Ralph, Sharpe, Arlene H, Freeman, Gordon J, Braun, Jonathan, and Gordon, Lynn K

Abstract

Purpose: Programmed death-1 (PD-1) ligation downregulates active lymphocyte responses. The authors tested whether PD-1 or its ligands are expressed in the posterior segment during active intraocular inflammation.Methods: Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) was induced using interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP 161-180). Ocular inflammation was evaluated by histology and expression of PD-1 ligand tested by immunohistochemistry. PD-1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western immunoblotting.Results: Using immunohistochemistry, PD-1, but not its ligands, was constitutively expressed in retinal neurons of naive mouse retina. Both PD-1 and its ligands were observed, as expected, in sites of active inflammation.Conclusions: PD-1 and its ligands were expressed in sites of active inflammation, in accordance with many other models of inflammatory disease. Surprisingly, PD-1, not previously described outside the immune system, was constitutively expressed in retinal neurons, raising the possibility that PD-1 signaling may be important for neuronal function in the absence of an inflammatory insult. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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109. Healthy eating in primary schools: an educational perspective from a socially deprived area.

Author

Turner S, Levinson R, McLellan-Arnold B, Stevenson S, Donkin A, and Dowler E

Abstract

The issue of access to cheap and healthy food for those living in poverty is now part of the social and health agenda in the United Kingdom. The pilot study described in this paper is investigating access to healthy food in a deprived area of London. The study has three interrelated elements: the local community, the school as part of the community and geographical mapping. The paper focuses on the work that has been undertaken with primary schools in the study area, identifying the strategies being used to collect data and outlining some preliminary findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000

111. Evaluation of breath holding in hypercapnia as a simple clinical test of respiratory chemosensitivity.

Author

Stanley, N N, Cunningham, E L, Altose, M D, Kelsen, S G, Levinson, R S, and Cherniack, N S

Subjects
CARBON dioxide, COMPARATIVE studies, HYPERCAPNIA, LUNGS, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, RESPIRATORY measurements, PULMONARY function tests, RESPIRATORY obstructions, EVALUATION research, HYPOVENTILATION, VITAL capacity (Respiration), PARTIAL pressure
Abstract

Breath holding was used as the basis of a simple test of respiratory chemosensitivity. Breath holding was begun at selected degrees of hypercapnia produced by CO2 rebreathing. In 16 healthy control subjects there was a linear regression of the log of breath-holding time on the PCO2 at the start of breath holding. Breath-holding time (BHT) and the slope of a log BHT/Pco2 plot were closely correlated with the ventilatory response to CO2. In five cases of the idiopathic hypoventilation syndrome, CO2 retention and reduced ventilatory response to CO2 were accompanied by prolonged breath-holding time and the regression of log BHT on Pco2 was abnormally flat. However, in 17 patients with chronic airways obstruction, breath-holding time was never prolonged and the log BHT/Pco2 relationship was normal, even though 13 had a diminished ventilatory response to CO2 and four had chronic CO2 retention. It is concluded that the BHT/Pco2 relationship provides a useful index of respiratory chemosensitivity which is not influenced by airways obstruction. This may be helpful in the detection of impaired chemosensitivity as a cause of CO2 retention even when the ventilation CO2 response is reduced non-specifically by coexisting airways obstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1975

112. FINDING THE 'THERAPEUTIC WINDOW'

Author

Rosenberg, Jack M., Kirschenbaum, Harold L., and Levinson, R. Saul

Subjects
BLOOD testing, HEMOGLOBINOMETRY
Abstract

Deals with the importance of checking the blood levels of patients receiving drug treatment. Difficulty of interpreting blood level data; Limits to look for in blood levels.

Published
1980

117. Cartilage-perichondrial composite graft tympanoplasty in the treatment of posterior marginal and attic retraction pockets.

Author

Levinson, Richard M. and Levinson, R M

Subjects
TYMPANIC membrane surgery, CARTILAGE transplantation, EXTERNAL ear, EAR diseases, EAR, TYMPANOPLASTY
Abstract

The atelectatic retraction pocket (ARP) has been implicated in the development of chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma. The ARP's tendency for persistence or recurrence despite treatment is a significant otologic problem. The purpose of this study is to define and discuss this clinical entity and the use of cartilage-perichondrium tympanoplasty as a safe and predictable method of treatment, reducing destructive complications while maintaining ear function. A retrospective analysis of 85 operated ears is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987
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118. The MORPHProject in 2004

Author

Walker, D. and Levinson, R.

Abstract

This note is to bring the ICGA readership up-to-date regarding the state of research on the MORPHproject. There have been significant improvements since the last research publication on MORPH. (Levinson and Weber, 2001). Then the MORPHchess engine played with a peak ICC (Internet Chess Club) rating of 1042. The current version of MORPHplays with a peak ICC rating of 1457. The MORPHengine has gone through several design improvements, and has evolved in strength largely through gains in efficiency.

Published
2004
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122. Intravenous Ribavirin for Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome: Safety and Tolerance during 1 Year of Open-Label Experience

Author

Chapman, Louisa E, Mertz, Gregory J, Peters, Clarence J, Jolson, Heidi M, Khan, Ali S, Ksiazek, Thomas G, Koster, Frederick T, Baum, Kenneth F, Rollin, Pierre E, Pavia, Andrew T, Holman, Robert C, Christenson, John C, Rubin, Phillip J, Behrman, Rachel E, Bell, Linda J Wilson, Simpson, Gary L, Sadek, Ramses F, Armstrong, B, Atterbury, BT, Baacke, G, Bellardi, D, Carroll, M, Cheek, J, Craig, A, Daniels, D, Freeman, W, Held, F, Kessler, D, Konicck, S, Light, A, McGee, J, Savage, J, Sloan, M, Tempest, B, Vaughan, K, Waite, D, Becher, J, Brieman, R, Bulter, J, Schmidt-Dalton, MJ, Hart, DC, Hawk, J, Khabbaz, R, Lloyd, E, Sortir, M, Stokes, S, Torok, TJ, Vitek, C, Harding;, S, England, R, Kioski, C, Mosley, D, Sands, L, Johnson-Baach, T, Ronnau, KJ, Mast, DD, Servi, R, Levinson, R, Yeager, FS, Adam, R, Friedman, B, Lincoln, L, Petersen, EA, Wack, E, Moncada, R, Bassi, S Singh, Rumack, JS, Kuriyama, S, McGovern, J, Olson, D, Garst, P, Butera, ML, Erlich, K, Dinolfo, M, Dalton, C, Hoffman, R, Kuritzkes, D, Madinger, N, Schooley, R, Mass, A, Hofflin, JM, Britton, K, Blum, R, Cott, G, Golub, B, Greenberg, K, Lichtenstien, K, O'Brien, R, Motley, RF, Culliman, M, Fujeta, N, Mason, S, McLeod, GX, Mateos-Mora, M, Demers, D, Jackson, C, Zar, B, Ramakrishna, B, Jones, CL, Lucht, W, Conrad, S, Grier, LR, King, JW, Adelso, J, Kim-Karpe, M, Bergman, M, Schut, R, Sterling, T, Brewer, JH, Anderson, DE, Roehrs, J, Dietrich, JE, Jones, D, Ward, C, Stockfish, JF, Allen, S, Crowell, RE, Cushing, A, Goade, D, Irizarry, L, Jenison, S, Levy, H, Overturf, G, Palmer, D, Quenzer, R, Reed, W, Simpson, S, Williams, J, Berger, BJ, Hussain, F, Berger, B, Sepe, F, Hargreaves, J, Baddour, LM, Parrish, R, Plemmons, R, Radolf, J, Szeyko, G, Elkind, K, Knight, V, Badger, MS, Furlan, J, Gillum, M, Tice, AD, and Barany, J

Abstract

Intravenous ribavirin was provided non-selectively for investigational open-label use among persons with suspected hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the United States between 4 June 1993 and 1 September 1994. Therapy was initiated prior to laboratory confirmation of hantavirus infection because most deaths from HPS occur within 48 h of hospitalization. Thirty patients with confirmed HPS, 105 patients without HPS and 5 patients without adequate diagnostic testing for HPS were enrolled. This observational study arguably provides the most complete information available on ribavirin-associated adverse effects. Although ribavirin was generally well tolerated, 71% of recipients became anaemic and 19% underwent transfusion. An apparent excess of hyperamylasaemia/pancreatitis was either therapy-associated or due to enrolment bias. The 30 enrolled HPS patients had a case–fatality rate of 47% (14/30). It is not possible to assess efficacy with this study design. However, comparison of survival curves for the 30 enrolled HPS patients and 34 patients who developed HPS during the same time period but were not enrolled did not suggest an appreciable drug effect. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial that enrols patients during the prodrome phase would be necessary to assess the efficacy and further define the safety of intravenous ribavirin for HPS.

Published
1999
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123. Comparison of the Effects of Water Immersion and Saline Infusion on Central Haemodynamics in Man

Author

Levinson, R., Epstein, M., Sackner, M. A., and Begin, R.

Abstract

1. The effects of acute intravenous infusion of 2 litres of saline/120 min on pulmonary capillary blood flow (Q?c), diffusing capacity per unit of alveolar volume (DL/VA), functional residual capacity (FRC), and pulmonary tissue plus capillary blood volume (VTPC) were compared with the changes induced by water immersion to the neck for 4 h. Serial measurements were made at 30 min intervals in five normal subjects, utilizing a non-invasive rebreathing method with a gas mixture containing 0·5% acetylene, 0·3% C180, 10% He, 21% O2 and 68·2% N2. 2. Infusion of saline produced a rise in Q?c which was similar to that induced by immersion. This increment in Q?c persisted for the 3 h of observation after stopping the infusion, in contrast to the prompt decrease in Q?c to pre-study values after cessation of immersion. 3. DL/VA was unaffected by saline administration in contrast to the marked and prompt increment induced by immersion. 4. Pulmonary tissue plus capillary blood volume was unchanged during both saline administration and immersion, suggesting that neither gradual saline administration nor immersion induces major extravasation of fluid into the pulmonary interstitial space. 5. The present data indicate that the ‘volume stimulus’ of immersion is similar to that of saline-induced extracellular fluid volume expansion in normal seated subjects. Immersion may be a preferred investigative approach for assessing the effects of volume expansion in subjects in whom rapid reversibility of the ‘volume stimulus’ is desirable.

Published
1977
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125. Prolongation of skin allograft survival by pretreatment of allograft with monoclonal antibody and steroids

Author

Gillis M, Levinson R, Goldberg Eh, and Osler T

Subjects
medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Mice, Inbred Strains, Monoclonal antibody, Triamcinolone Acetonide, Mice, Immune system, Antigen, Graft Enhancement, Immunologic, Allograft survival, medicine, Animals, Transplantation, Homologous, General Nursing, Afferent limb, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Graft Survival, H-2 Antigens, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Immunosuppression, Skin Transplantation, In vitro, surgical procedures, operative, Langerhans Cells, General Health Professions, Immunology, Emergency Medicine, Surgery, business, Burns, Major histocompatibility
Abstract

Treatment of large burns would be simplified by the development of a nonsensitizing allograft which would survive permanently. In our hands, in vitro immune modification of the allograft has prolonged graft survival in mice across major histocompatibility barriers (H-2d to H-2b) by 36% (steroid pretreatment) and 25% (monoclonal antibody to the Iad antigen found on donor Langerhans cells). To our knowledge, monoclonal antibody has not been employed in this capacity previously. Double grafting studies suggest that neither MK-D6 nor steroids enhance graft survival by systemic immunosuppression. Moreover, MK-D6 acts upon the afferent limb of the immune response while steroids interrupt the efferent limb (and probably the afferent limb). These effects are not additive. This modest improvement in allograft survival may have profound importance since allografts supported briefly by host immunosuppression have gone on to indefinite survival in burn victims without further immunologic intervention. This improvement in allograft survival is of fundamental immunologic interest. If synergistic pretreatments can be found, it may ultimately allow allografting of burn victims with the expectation of indefinite graft survival.

Published
1988

126. National EMS research agenda

Author

Sayre, M. R., White, L. J., Brown, L. H., Armacost, M., Dean, J. M., Frame, S. B., Larmon, B., Maclean, S., Mann, N. C., Margolis, G., Melese-D Hospital, I., Neely, K., O Keefe, M., Daniel Spaite, Mchenry, S. D., Davis, T. B., Walker, E., Krohmer, J. R., Panjada, D. G., Kimzey, J., Williams, K., Susman, J., Pollak, A., Kuppermann, N., Krumperman, K., Katz, A., Becher, J. W., Frame, S., Levinson, R., Plant, J., Atkins, J. M., Robinson, K., Doyle, C., Sinclair, J., Moore, L., Scott, J., Ruple, J. A., Hunt, R., Hatley, T., Mcginnis, K., Wood, D., Werman, H., Knipper, K. R., Criss, E., and O Connor, R.

129. Inverted Papilloma of the Nasal Septum

Author

Kelly, J. H., primary, Joseph, M., additional, Carroll, E., additional, Goodman, M. L., additional, Pilch, B. Z., additional, Levinson, R. M., additional, and Strome, M., additional

Published
1980
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137. Rebuttal

Author

Weshler, Z., primary, Loewinger, E.M., additional, Loewenthal, E., additional, Levinson, R., additional, and Fuks, Z., additional

Published
1988
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