101. THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
- Author
-
A E Davis and T D Bolin
- Subjects
Hypogastrium ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Iliac fossa ,Anatomy ,Surgery ,Abdominal wall ,Left Lumbar Region ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Epigastrium ,medicine ,Abdomen ,Right Lumbar Region ,business ,Umbilical region - Abstract
The examination for disease in the gastrointestinal system commences with the inspection of the lips and oral cavity. An assessment is made of the general state of the teeth as well. The abdomen is divided into 9 areas by drawing two horizontal lines, one at the level of the lower costal margins and the other between both anterior superior iliac crests. The areas are designated as follows: (1) right hypochondrium, (2) epigastrium, (3) left hypochondrium, (4) right lumbar region, (5) umbilical region, (6) left lumbar region, (7) right iliac fossa, (8) hypogastrium, and (9) left iliac fossa. The abdomen is examined with the patient lying comfortably, hands by his sides, and head on one pillow, the bladder ideally having been emptied. To ensure that any mass felt is within the abdominal cavity and not in the abdominal wall, the patient's abdominal musculature is contracted by asking him to flex his neck against resistance by the examiner. Intra-abdominal masses become less easily palpable.
- Published
- 1973
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