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101. Application of the Gaussian mixture model in pulsar astronomy -- pulsar classification and candidates ranking for {\it Fermi} 2FGL catalog

Author: Lee, K. J., Guillemot, L., Yue, Y. L., Kramer, M., and Champion, D. J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Machine learning, algorithms to extract empirical knowledge from data, can be used to classify data, which is one of the most common tasks in observational astronomy. In this paper, we focus on Bayesian data classification algorithms using the Gaussian mixture model and show two applications in pulsar astronomy. After reviewing the Gaussian mixture model and the related Expectation-Maximization algorithm, we present a data classification method using the Neyman-Pearson test. To demonstrate the method, we apply the algorithm to two classification problems. Firstly, it is applied to the well known period-period derivative diagram, where we find that the pulsar distribution can be modeled with six Gaussian clusters, with two clusters for millisecond pulsars (recycled pulsars) and the rest for normal pulsars. From this distribution, we derive an empirical definition for millisecond pulsars as $\frac{\dot{P}}{10^{-17}} \leq3.23(\frac{P}{100 \textrm{ms}})^{-2.34}$. The two millisecond pulsar clusters may have different evolutionary origins, since the companion stars to these pulsars in the two clusters show different chemical composition. Four clusters are found for normal pulsars. Possible implications for these clusters are also discussed. Our second example is to calculate the likelihood of unidentified \textit{Fermi} point sources being pulsars and rank them accordingly. In the ranked point source list, the top 5% sources contain 50% known pulsars, the top 50% contain 99% known pulsars, and no known active galaxy (the other major population) appears in the top 6%. Such a ranked list can be used to help the future follow-up observations for finding pulsars in unidentified \textit{Fermi} point sources., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2012
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102. The optimal schedule for pulsar timing array observations

Author: Lee, K. J., Bassa, C. G., Karuppusamy, R., Kramer, M., Smits, R., and Stappers, B. W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: In order to maximize the sensitivity of pulsar timing arrays to a stochastic gravitational wave background, we present computational techniques to optimize observing schedules. The techniques are applicable to both single and multi-telescope experiments. The observing schedule is optimized for each telescope by adjusting the observing time allocated to each pulsar while keeping the total amount of observing time constant. The optimized schedule depends on the timing noise characteristics of each individual pulsar as well as the performance of instrumentation. Several examples are given to illustrate the effects of different types of noise. A method to select the most suitable pulsars to be included in a pulsar timing array project is also presented., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2012
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103. Profile shape stability and phase jitter analyses of millisecond pulsars

Author: Liu, K., Keane, E. F., Lee, K. J., Kramer, M., Cordes, J. M., and Purver, M. B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) have been studied in detail since their discovery in 1982. The integrated pulse profiles of MSPs appear to be stable, which enables precision monitoring of the pulse times of arrival (TOAs). However, for individual pulses the shape and arrival phase can vary dramatically, which is known as pulse jitter. In this paper, we investigate the stability of integrated pulse profiles for 5 MSPs, and estimate the amount of jitter for PSR J0437-4715. We do not detect intrinsic profile shape variation based on integration times from ~10 to ~100 s with the provided instrumental sensitivity. For PSR J0437-4715 we calculate the jitter parameter to be f_J=0.067+-0.002, and demonstrate that the result is not significantly affected by instrumental TOA uncertainties. Jitter noise is also found to be independent of observing frequency and bandwidth around 1.4 GHz on frequency scales of <100 MHz, which supports the idea that pulses within narrow frequency scale are equally jittered. In addition, we point out that pulse jitter would limit TOA calculation for the timing observations with future telescopes like the Square Kilometre Array and the Five hundred metre Aperture Spherical Telescope. A quantitative understanding of pulse profile stability and the contribution of jitter would enable improved TOA calculations, which are essential for the ongoing endeavours in pulsar timing, such as the detection of the stochastic gravitational wave background., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures, 3 Tables, accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2011
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104. Signatures of asymmetric and inelastic tunneling on the spin torque bias dependence

Author: Manchon, A., Zhang, S., and Lee, K. -J.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: The influence of structural asymmetries (barrier height and exchange splitting), as well as inelastic scattering (magnons and phonons) on the bias dependence of the spin transfer torque in a magnetic tunnel junction is studied theoretically using the free electron model. We show that they modify the "conventional" bias dependence of the spin transfer torque, together with the bias dependence of the conductance. In particular, both structural asymmetries and bulk (inelastic) scattering add {\em antisymmetric} terms to the perpendicular torque ($\propto V$ and $\propto j_e|V|$), while the interfacial inelastic scattering conserves the junction symmetry and only produces {\em symmetric} terms ($\propto |V|^n$, $n\in\mathbb{N}$). The analysis of spin torque and conductance measurements displays a signature revealing the origin (asymmetry or inelastic scattering) of the discrepancy.
Published: 2011
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105. Role of Spin Diffusion in Current-Induced Domain Wall Motion

Author: Manchon, A., Kim, W. -S., and Lee, K. -J.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: Current-induced spin torque and magnetization dynamics in the presence of spin diffusion in magnetic textures is studied theoretically. We uncover an additional torque on the form \sim{\bm\nabla}^2[{\bf M}x({\bf u}\cdot{\bm \nabla}){\bf M}], where {\bf M} is the local magnetization and {\bf u} is the direction of injected current. This torque is inversely proportional to the square of the domain wall width (\approx\frac{1}{W^2}) and strongly depends on the domain wall structure. Whereas its influence remains moderate for transverse domain walls, it can significantly increase the transverse velocity of vortex cores. Consequently, the spin diffusion can dramatically enhance the non-adiabaticity of vortex walls., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2011

106. Pulsars and Gravitational Waves

Author: Lee, K. J., Xu, R. X., and Qiao, G. J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: The relationship between pulsar-like compact stars and gravitational waves is briefly reviewed. Due to regular spins, pulsars could be useful tools for us to detect ~nano-Hz low-frequency gravitational waves by pulsar-timing array technique; besides, they would also be ~kilo-Hz high-frequency gravitational wave radiators because of their compactness. The wave strain of an isolate pulsar depends on the equation state of cold matter at supra-nuclear densities. Therefore, a real detection of gravitational wave should be very meaningful in gravity physics, micro-theory of elementary strong interaction, and astronomy., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures; in: Gravitation and Astrophysics (Proceedings of the IX Asia-Pacific International Conference, 29 June - 2 July, 2009, Wuhan), eds. J. Luo, Z. B. Zhou, H. C. Yeh, and J. P. Hsu, World Scientific, p.162-172
Published: 2011

107. Constraint on parameters of the Inverse Compton Scattering model for radio pulsars

Author: Lv, M., Wang, H. G., Lee, K. J., Qiao, G. J., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model can explain various pulse profile shapes and diversity of pulse profile evolution based on the mechanism that the radio emission is generated through inverse Compton scattering between secondary relativistic particles and radio waves from polar gap avalanches. In this paper, we study the parameter space of ICS model for 15 pulsars, which share the common pulse profile evolution phenomena that the pulse profiles are narrower at higher observing frequencies. Two key parameters, the initial Lorentz factor and the energy loss factor of secondary particles are constrained using the least square fitting method, where we fit the theoretical curve of the "beam-frequency mapping" of the ICS model to the observed pulse widths at multiple frequencies. The uncertainty of the inclination and viewing angles are taken into account in the fitting process. It is found that the initial Lorentz factor is larger than 4000, and the energy loss factor is between 20 and 560. The Lorentz factor is consistent with the prediction of the inner vacuum gap model. Such high energy loss factors suggest significant energy loss for secondary particles at altitudes of a few tens to hundreds of kilometers., Comment: 32 pages,18 figures, Accepted by the ApJ
Published: 2011
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108. Testing Gravity Theories In The Radiative Regime Using Pulsar Timing Arrays

Author: Lee, K. J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: General relativity has predicted the existence of gravitational waves (GW), which are waves of the distortions of space-time with two degrees of polarization and the propagation speed of light. Alternative theories predict more polarizations, up to a maximum of six, and possible deviation of propagation speed from the light speed. The present paper reviews recent proposals to test the gravity theories in the radiation regime by observing GWs using pulsar timing arrays., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, PULSAR CONFERENCE 2010, Chia Laguna Resort, Sardinia, Italy, 10-15 October, 2010
Published: 2011
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109. Gravitational wave astronomy of single sources with a pulsar timing array

Author: Lee, K. J., Wex, N., Kramer, M., Stappers, B. W., Bassa, C. G., Janssen, G. H., Karuppusamy, R., and Smits, R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: Abbreviated: We investigate the potential of detecting the gravitational wave from individual binary black hole systems using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and calculate the accuracy for determining the GW properties. This is done in a consistent analysis, which at the same time accounts for the measurement of the pulsar distances via the timing parallax. We find that, at low redshift, a PTA is able to detect the nano-Hertz GW from super massive black hole binary systems with masses of $\sim10^8 - 10^{10}\,M_{\sun}$ less than $\sim10^5$\,years before the final merger, and those with less than $\sim10^3 - 10^4$ years before merger may allow us to detect the evolution of binaries. We derive an analytical expression to describe the accuracy of a pulsar distance measurement via timing parallax. We consider five years of bi-weekly observations at a precision of 15\,ns for close-by ($\sim 0.5 - 1$\,kpc) pulsars. Timing twenty pulsars would allow us to detect a GW source with an amplitude larger than $5\times 10^{-17}$. We calculate the corresponding GW and binary orbital parameters and their measurement precision. The accuracy of measuring the binary orbital inclination angle, the sky position, and the GW frequency are calculated as functions of the GW amplitude. We note that the "pulsar term", which is commonly regarded as noise, is essential for obtaining an accurate measurement for the GW source location. We also show that utilizing the information encoded in the GW signal passing the Earth also increases the accuracy of pulsar distance measurements. If the gravitational wave is strong enough, one can achieve sub-parsec distance measurements for nearby pulsars with distance less than $\sim 0.5 - 1$\,kpc., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure,, accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2011
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110. Author Correction: A fast radio burst source at a complex magnetized site in a barred galaxy

Author: Xu, H., Niu, J. R., Chen, P., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Zhang, C. F., Fu, H., Filippenko, A. V., Peng, E. W., Zhou, D. J., Zhang, Y. K., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Li, Y., Brink, T. G., Li, D. Z., Lu, W., Yang, Y. P., Caballero, R. N., Cai, C., Chen, M. Z., Dai, Z. G., Djorgovski, S. G., Esamdin, A., Gan, H. Q., Guhathakurta, P., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, C. K., Li, D., Li, H., Li, X. Q., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Niu, C. H., Peng, W. X., Qian, L., Song, L. M., Stern, D., Stockton, A., Sun, J. H., Wang, F. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wang, W. Y., Wu, X. F., Xiao, S., Xiong, S. L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, J., Yang, X., Yao, R., Yi, Q. B., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yu, W. F., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. N., Zhao, Y., Zheng, W. K., Zhu, Y., and Zou, J. H.
Published: 2022
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111. The annular gap model for gamma-ray emission from young and millisecond pulsars

Author: Du, Yuan-Jie, Qiao, G. J., Han, J. L., Lee, K. J., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Pulsed high energy radiation from pulsars is not yet completely understood. In this paper, we use the 3D self-consistent annular gap model to study light curves for both young and millisecond pulsars observed by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The annular gap can generate high energy emission for short-period pulsars. The annular gap regions are so large that they have enough electric potential drop to accelerate charged particles to produce gamma-ray photons. For young pulsars, the emission region is from the neutron star surface to about half of the light cylinder radius, and the peak emissivity is in the vicinity of the null charge surface. The emission region for the millisecond pulsars is located much lower than that of the young pulsars. The higher energy gamma-ray emission comes from higher altitudes in the magnetosphere. We present the simulated light curves for three young pulsars (the Crab, the Vela, the Geminga) and three millisecond pulsars (PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0218+4232, PSR J0437-3715) using the annular gap model. Our simulations can reproduce the main properties of observed light curves., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures and 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2010
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112. Status Update of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array

Author: Verbiest, J. P. W., Bailes, M., Bhat, N. D. R., Burke-Spolaor, S., Champion, D. J., Coles, W., Hobbs, G. B., Hotan, A. W., Jenet, F., Khoo, J., Lee, K. J., Lommen, A., Manchester, R. N., Oslowski, S., Reynolds, J., Sarkissian, J., van Straten, W., Yardley, D. R. B., and You, X. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project aims to make a direct detection of a gravitational-wave background through timing of millisecond pulsars. In this article, the main requirements for that endeavour are described and recent and ongoing progress is outlined. We demonstrate that the timing properties of millisecond pulsars are adequate and that technological progress is timely to expect a successful detection of gravitational waves within a decade, or alternatively to rule out all current predictions for gravitational wave backgrounds formed by supermassive black-hole mergers., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, Amaldi 8 conference proceedings, accepted by Classical & Quantum Gravity
Published: 2009
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113. Lower bounds of altitudes for pulsar $\gamma$-ray radiation

Author: Lee, K. J., Du, Y. J., Wang, H. G., Qiao, G. J., Xu, R. X., and Han, J. L.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Determining radiation location observationally plays a very important role in testing the pulsar radiation models. One-photon pair production in the strong magnetic field, $\gamma-e^{+}e^{1}$, is one of the important physical processes in pulsar radiation mechanisms. Photons near pulsar surface with sufficient energy will be absorbed in the magnetosphere and the absorption optical depth for these GeV $\gamma$-ray photons is usually large. In this paper, we include the aberrational, rotational and general relativistic effects and calculate the $\gamma$-B optical depth for $\gamma$-ray photons. Then we use the derived optical depth to determine the radiation altitude lower bounds for photons with given energies. As a case study, we calculate the lower bounds of radiation altitudes of Crab pulsar for photons with energy from 5 GeV to 1 TeV., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures,Accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2009
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114. The international pulsar timing array project: using pulsars as a gravitational wave detector

Author: Hobbs, G., Archibald, A., Arzoumanian, Z., Backer, D., Bailes, M., Bhat, N. D. R., Burgay, M., Burke-Spolaor, S., Champion, D., Cognard, I., Coles, W., Cordes, J., Demorest, P., Desvignes, G., Ferdman, R. D., Finn, L., Freire, P., Gonzalez, M., Hessels, J., Hotan, A., Janssen, G., Jenet, F., Jessner, A., Jordan, C., Kaspi, V., Kramer, M., Kondratiev, V., Lazio, J., Lazaridis, K., Lee, K. J., Levin, Y., Lommen, A., Lorimer, D., Lynch, R., Lyne, A., Manchester, R., McLaughlin, M., Nice, D., Oslowski, S., Pilia, M., Possenti, A., Purver, M., Ransom, S., Reynolds, J., Sanidas, S., Sarkissian, J., Sesana, A., Shannon, R., Siemens, X., Stairs, I., Stappers, B., Stinebring, D., Theureau, G., van Haasteren, R., van Straten, W., Verbiest, J. P. W., Yardley, D. R. B., and You, X. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: The International Pulsar Timing Array project combines observations of pulsars from both Northern and Southern hemisphere observatories with the main aim of detecting ultra-low frequency (~10^-9 to 10^-8 Hz) gravitational waves. Here we introduce the project, review the methods used to search for gravitational waves emitted from coalescing supermassive binary black-hole systems in the centres of merging galaxies and discuss the status of the project., Comment: accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity. Review talk for the Amaldi8 conference series
Published: 2009
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115. TEMPO2, a new pulsar timing package. III: Gravitational wave simulation

Author: Hobbs, G., Jenet, F., Lee, K. J., Verbiest, J. P. W., Yardley, D., Manchester, R., Lommen, A., Coles, W., Edwards, R., and Shettigara, C.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Analysis of pulsar timing data-sets may provide the first direct detection of gravitational waves. This paper, the third in a series describing the mathematical framework implemented into the tempo2 pulsar timing package, reports on using tempo2 to simulate the timing residuals induced by gravitational waves. The tempo2 simulations can be used to provide upper bounds on the amplitude of an isotropic, stochastic, gravitational wave background in our Galaxy and to determine the sensitivity of a given pulsar timing experiment to individual, supermassive, binary black hole systems., Comment: Accepted by MNRAS
Published: 2009
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116. P1156 Characteristics and outcomes of over a million Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients in seven countries: a multinational cohort study

Author: Weisshof, R, primary, Magen-Rimon, R, additional, Voss, E, additional, Swerdel, J, additional, Sheahan, A, additional, Hall, N, additional, Park, J, additional, Park, R W, additional, Lee, K J, additional, Sung, J S, additional, Seo, S I, additional, Falconer, T, additional, Haas, L, additional, Nagy, P, additional, Bowring, M, additional, Cook, M, additional, Miller, S, additional, El-Hay, T, additional, Bivas-Benita, M, additional, Akiva, P, additional, Chowers, Y, additional, and Yanover, C, additional
Published: 2024
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117. The effect of the Solar System Ephemeris on the search for the nano-Hz gravitational wave background.

Author: Guo, Y J, Caballero, R N, Champion, D J, and Lee, K J
Subjects: PULSARS, DATA quality, GRAVITATIONAL waves
Abstract: The detection of the nano-Hz gravitational-wave background (GWB) is one of the main targets of Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). The detection can be achieved via searching for a common signal with quadrapolar correlation between pulsar pairs. Errors in the Solar-System ephemeris (SSE) can induce dipolar correlations in PTA data, which may affect the results of GWB searches, especially when the data quality is not high enough to constrain the correlation pattern. We investigate the effect of unmodelled SSE errors on GWB searches with PTAs, using simulations with properties based on the European Pulsar Timing Array data set. When the GWB signal is strong, SSE errors have little effect on the GWB search results, including parameter inference and model selection. When the GWB signal is weak, SSE errors can lead to overestimation of the GWB amplitude. However, model comparison would show strong support for dipolar correction, which implies the source of the common signal to be SSE-related and helps avoid its misidentification as a GWB signal. This indicates that SSE error is unlikely to be the main source of the common signal detected recently with real PTA data. We also use simulations to test the ability of the SSE model LINIMOSS in absorbing SSE-error signals and leaving the GWB signal intact. We show that marginalizing LINIMOSS planetary parameters with infinite priors is good at absorbing SSE errors, but may also lead to improper absorption of a GWB signal. Caution is therefore required when setting appropriate limits on the priors of SSE parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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118. Penumbral imaging and functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke treated with endovascular thrombectomy versus medical therapy: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data

Author: Berkhemer, Olvert A, Fransen, Puck SS, Beumer, Debbie, van den Berg, Lucie A, Lingsma, Hester F, Yoo, Albert J, Schonewille, Wouter J, Vos, Jan Albert, Nederkoorn, Paul J, Wermer, Marieke JH, van Walderveen, Marianne AA, Staals, Julie, Hofmeijer, Jeannette, van Oostayen, Jacques A., Lycklama à Nijeholt, Geert J., Boiten, Jelis, Brouwer, Patrick A., Emmer, Bart J., de Bruijn, Sebastiaan F., van Dijk, Lukas C., Kappelle, Jaap, Lo, Rob H, van Dijk, Ewoud J., de Vries, Joost, de Kort, Paul L.M., van Rooij, Willem Jan J., van den Berg, Jan S.P., van Hasselt, Boudewijn A.A.M., Aerden, Leo A.M., Dallinga, René J., Visser, Marieke C., Bot, Joseph C.J., Vroomen, Patrick C., Eshghi, Omid, Schreuder, Tobien H.C.M.L., Heijboer, Roel J.J., Keizer, Koos, Tielbeek, Alexander V., den Hertog, Heleen M., Gerrits, Dick G., van den Berg-Vos, Renske M., Karas, Giorgos B., Steyerberg, Ewout W., Flach, Zwenneke, Marquering, Henk A., Sprengers, Marieke E.S., Jenniskens, Sjoerd F.M., Beenen, Ludo F.M., van den Berg, René, Koudstaal, Peter J., van Zwam, Wim H., Roos, Yvo B.W.E.M., van der Lugt, Aad, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J., Majoie, Charles B.L.M., Dippel, Diederik W.J., Brown, Martin M., Liebig, Thomas, Stijnen, Theo, Andersson, Tommy, Mattle, Heinrich, Wahlgren, Nils, van der Heijden, Esther, Ghannouti, Naziha, Fleitour, Nadine, Hooijenga, Imke, Puppels, Corina, Pellikaan, Wilma, Geerling, Annet, Lindl-Velema, Annemieke, van Vemde, Gina, de Ridder, Ans, Greebe, Paut, de Bont-Stikkelbroeck, José, de Meris, Joke, Janssen, Kirsten, Struijk, Willy, Licher, Silvan, Boodt, Nikki, Ros, Adriaan, Venema, Esmee, Slokkers, Ilse, Ganpat, Raymie-Jayce, Mulder, Maxim, Saiedie, Nawid, Heshmatollah, Alis, Schipperen, Stefanie, Vinken, Stefan, van Boxtel, Tiemen, Koets, Jeroen, Boers, Merel, Santos, Emilie, Borst, Jordi, Jansen, Ivo, Kappelhof, Manon, Lucas, Marit, Geuskens, Ralph, Barros, Renan Sales, Dobbe, Roeland, Csizmadia, Marloes, Hill, MD, Goyal, M, Demchuk, AM, Menon, BK, Eesa, M, Ryckborst, KJ, Wright, MR, Kamal, NR, Andersen, L, Randhawa, PA, Stewart, T, Patil, S, Minhas, P, Almekhlafi, M, Mishra, S, Clement, F, Sajobi, T, Shuaib, A, Montanera, WJ, Roy, D, Silver, FL, Jovin, TG, Frei, DF, Sapkota, B, Rempel, JL, Thornton, J, Williams, D, Tampieri, D, Poppe, AY, Dowlatshahi, D, Wong, JH, Mitha, AP, Subramaniam, S, Hull, G, Lowerison, MW, Salluzzi, M, Maxwell, M, Lacusta, S, Drupals, E, Armitage, K, Barber, PA, Smith, EE, Morrish, WF, Coutts, SB, Derdeyn, C, Demaerschalk, B, Yavagal, D, Martin, R, Brant, R, Yu, Y, Willinsky, RA, Weill, A, Kenney, C, Aram, H, Stys, PK, Watson, TW, Klein, G, Pearson, D, Couillard, P, Trivedi, A, Singh, D, Klourfeld, E, Imoukhuede, O, Nikneshan, D, Blayney, S, Reddy, R, Choi, P, Horton, M, Musuka, T, Dubuc, V, Field, TS, Desai, J, Adatia, S, Alseraya, A, Nambiar, V, van Dijk, R, Newcommon, NJ, Schwindt, B, Butcher, KS, Jeerakathil, T, Buck, B, Khan, K, Naik, SS, Emery, DJ, Owen, RJ, Kotylak, TB, Ashforth, RA, Yeo, TA, McNally, D, Siddiqui, M, Saqqur, M, Hussain, D, Kalashyan, H, Manosalva, A, Kate, M, Gioia, L, Hasan, S, Mohammad, A, Muratoglu, M, Cullen, A, Brennan, P, O'Hare, A, Looby, S, Hyland, D, Duff, S, McCusker, M, Hallinan, B, Lee, S, McCormack, J, Moore, A, O'Connor, M, Donegan, C, Brewer, L, Martin, A, Murphy, S, O'Rourke, K, Smyth, S, Kelly, P, Lynch, T, Daly, T, O'Brien, P, O'Driscoll, A, Martin, M, Collins, R, Coughlan, T, McCabe, D, O'Neill, D, Mulroy, M, Lynch, O, Walsh, T, O'Donnell, M, Galvin, T, Harbison, J, McElwaine, P, Mulpeter, K, McLoughlin, C, Reardon, M, Harkin, E, Dolan, E, Watts, M, Cunningham, N, Fallon, C, Gallagher, S, Cotter, P, Crowe, M, Doyle, R, Noone, I, Lapierre, M, Coté, VA, Lanthier, S, Odier, C, Durocher, A, Raymond, J, Daneault, N, Deschaintre, Y, Jankowitz, B, Baxendell, L, Massaro, L, Jackson-Graves, C, Decesare, S, Porter, P, Armbruster, K, Adams, A, Billigan, J, Oakley, J, Ducruet, A, Jadhav, A, Giurgiutiu, D-V, Aghaebrahim, A, Reddy, V, Hammer, M, Starr, M, Totoraitis, V, Wechsler, L, Streib, S, Rangaraju, S, Campbell, D, Rocha, M, Gulati, D, Krings, T, Kalman, L, Cayley, A, Williams, J, Wiegner, R, Casaubon, LK, Jaigobin, C, del Campo, JM, Elamin, E, Schaafsma, JD, Agid, R, Farb, R, ter Brugge, K, Sapkoda, BL, Baxter, BW, Barton, K, Knox, A, Porter, A, Sirelkhatim, A, Devlin, T, Dellinger, C, Pitiyanuvath, N, Patterson, J, Nichols, J, Quarfordt, S, Calvert, J, Hawk, H, Fanale, C, Bitner, A, Novak, A, Huddle, D, Bellon, R, Loy, D, Wagner, J, Chang, I, Lampe, E, Spencer, B, Pratt, R, Bartt, R, Shine, S, Dooley, G, Nguyen, T, Whaley, M, McCarthy, K, Teitelbaum, J, Poon, W, Campbell, N, Cortes, M, Lum, C, Shamloul, R, Robert, S, Stotts, G, Shamy, M, Steffenhagen, N, Blacquiere, D, Hogan, M, AlHazzaa, M, Basir, G, Lesiuk, H, Iancu, D, Santos, M, Choe, H, Weisman, DC, Jonczak, K, Blue-Schaller, A, Shah, Q, MacKenzie, L, Klein, B, Kulandaivel, K, Kozak, O, Gzesh, DJ, Harris, LJ, Khoury, JS, Mandzia, J, Pelz, D, Crann, S, Fleming, L, Hesser, K, 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Joanna, Molyneux, Andy, Robinson, Thompson, Lewis, Steff, Norrie, John, Robertson, Fergus, Perry, Richard, Dixit, Anand, Cloud, Geoffrey, Clifton, Andrew, Madigan, Jeremy, Roffe, Christine, Nayak, Sanjeev, Lobotesis, Kyriakos, Smith, Craig, Herwadkar, Amit, Kandasamy, Naga, Goddard, Tony, Bamford, John, Subramanian, Ganesh, Lenthall, Rob, Littleton, Edward, Lamin, Sal, Storey, Kelley, Ghatala, Rita, Banaras, Azra, Aeron-Thomas, John, Hazel, Bath, Maguire, Holly, Veraque, Emelda, Harrison, Louise, Keshvara, Rekha, Cunningham, James, Campbell, Bruce C V, Majoie, Charles B L M, Menon, Bijoy K, van Zwam, Wim H, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J, Demchuk, Andrew M, Guillemin, Francis, Dávalos, Antoni, Butcher, Kenneth S, Cherifi, Aboubaker, Marquering, Henk A, Macho Fernández, Juan M, Oppenheim, Catherine, Roos, Yvo B W E M, Shankar, Jai, Lingsma, Hester, Hernández-Pérez, María, Bharatha, Aditya, Levy, Elad I, Soudant, Marc, Aja, Lucia, Krings, Timo, Tisserand, Marie, San Román, Luis, Tomasello, Alejandro, Brown, Scott, Liebeskind, David S, Bracard, Serge, Dippel, Diederik W J, Jovin, Tudor G, and Hill, Michael D
Published: 2019
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119. Weight gain associated with the α2a‐adrenergic receptor −1291 C/G polymorphism and olanzapine treatmentPlease cite this article as follows: Park Y‐M, Chung Y‐C, Lee S‐H, Lee K‐J, Kim H, Byun Y‐C, Lim S‐W, Lee H‐J. 2006. Weight Gain Associated With the α2a‐Adrenergic Receptor −1291 C/G Polymorphism and Olanzapine Treatment. Am J Med Genet Part B 141B:394–397.

Author: Park, Young‐Min, Chung, Young‐Cho, Lee, Seung‐Hwan, Lee, Kang‐Joon, Kim, Hyun, Byun, Young‐Chan, Lim, Se‐Won, Paik, Jong‐Woo, and Lee, Heon‐Jeong
Abstract: Weight gain can be an adverse effect of antipsychotics and is an important factor for long‐term health and treatment compliance. Many reports have shown that the α2‐adrenergic receptor may be related to eating behaviors or lipolytic activities, both associated with body weight change. We hypothesized that there might be a relationship between the α2a‐adrenergic receptor −1291 C/G polymorphism and olanzapine‐induced weight gain. A group of 62 Korean schizophrenic patients participated in a study; weight and height measurements were obtained prior to starting olanzapine and measured again after long‐term treatment. Genotyping for the −1291 C/G polymorphism was performed on all participants. Body weight changes from baseline to endpoint were significantly associated with genotypes (P = 0.028). The frequency of the G allele was significantly higher in subjects who had severe weight gain (defined as a more than 10% weight gain from baseline) compared to subjects who did not have extreme weight gain (less than 10% weight gain from baseline) (X2 = 6.120, P = 0.013; OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.21–5.51). Therefore, the findings from this study support a relationship between the −1291 C/G polymorphism of the α2a‐adrenergic receptor and weight gain in Korean schizophrenic patients receiving olanzapine treatment. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Published: 2006
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120. Gravitational wave detection using pulsars: status of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project

Author: Hobbs, G. B., Bailes, M., Bhat, N. D. R., Burke-Spolaor, S., Champion, D. J., Coles, W., Hotan, A., Jenet, F., Kedziora-Chudczer, L., Khoo, J., Lee, K. J., Lommen, A., Manchester, R. N., Reynolds, J., Sarkissian, J., van Straten, W., To, S., Verbiest, J. P. W., Yardley, D., and You, X. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The first direct detection of gravitational waves may be made through observations of pulsars. The principal aim of pulsar timing array projects being carried out worldwide is to detect ultra-low frequency gravitational waves (f ~ 10^-9 to 10^-8 Hz). Such waves are expected to be caused by coalescing supermassive binary black holes in the cores of merged galaxies. It is also possible that a detectable signal could have been produced in the inflationary era or by cosmic strings. In this paper we review the current status of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project (the only such project in the Southern hemisphere) and compare the pulsar timing technique with other forms of gravitational-wave detection such as ground- and space-based interferometer systems., Comment: Accepted for publication in PASA
Published: 2008
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121. Spin transfer torques in magnetic tunnel junctions

Author: Manchon, Aurélien, Ryzhanova, Natalya, Chschiev, Mairbek, Vedyayev, A., Lee, K. -J., and Dieny, Bernard
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: This chapter presents a review on spin transfer torque in magnetic tunnel junctions. In the first part, we propose an overview of experimental and theoretical studies addressing current-induced magnetization excitations in magnetic tunnel junctions. The most significant results are presented and the main observable characteristics are discussed. A description of the mechanism of spin transfer in ferromagnets is finally proposed. In the second part, a quantum description of spin transport in magnetic tunnel junctions with amorphous barrier is developed. The role of spin-dependent reflections as well as electron incidence and spin-filtering by the barrier are described. We show that these mechanisms give rise to specific properties of spin transfer in tunnel junctions, very different from the case of metallic spin-valves. In the third part, the theoretical observable features of spin transfer in magnetic tunnel junctions are derived and the validity of these results is discussed and compared to recent experiments. To conclude this chapter, we study the mechanism of spin transfer in half-metallic tunnel junctions, expected to mimic MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions.
Published: 2008

122. Radio and gamma-ray emissions from pulsars: possible observational tests

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Wang, H. G., Xu, R. X., and Zhang, B.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: Many models for the pulsar radio and $\gamma$-ray emissions have been developed. The tests for these models using observational data are very important. Tests for the pulsar radio emission models using frequency-altitude relation are presented in this paper. In the radio band, the mean pulse profiles evolve with observing frequencies. There are various styles of pulsar profile - frequency evolutions (which we call as "beam evolution" figure), e.g. some pulsars show that mean pulse profiles are wider and core emission is higher at higher frequencies than that at lower frequencies, but some other pulsars show completely the contrary results. We show that all these "beam evolution" figures can be understood by the Inverse Compton Scattering(ICS) model (see Qiao at al.2001 also). An important observing test is that, for a certain observing frequency different emission components are radiated from the different heights. For the $\gamma$-ray pulsars, the geometrical method (Wang et al. 2006) can be used to diagnose the radiation location for the $\gamma$-ray radiation. As an example, Wang et al. (2006) constrain the $\gamma$-ray radiation location of PSR B1055-52 to be the place near the null charge surface. Here we show that Wang's result matches the proposed radiation locations by the annular gap model as well as the outer gap models., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of "Astrophysics of Compact Objects", 1th-7th, July, 2007
Published: 2007
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123. An annular gap acceleration model for $\gamma$-ray emission of pulsars

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Zhang, B., Wang, H. G., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: If the binding energy of the pulsar's surface is not so high (the case of a neutron star), both the negative and positive charges will flow out freely from the surface of the star. The annular free flow model for $\gamma$-ray emission of pulsars is suggested in this paper. It is emphasized that: (1). Two kinds of acceleration regions (annular and core) need to be taken into account. The annular acceleration region is defined by the magnetic field lines that cross the null charge surface within the light cylinder. (2). If the potential drop in the annular region of a pulsar is high enough (normally the cases of young pulsars), charges in both the annular and the core regions could be accelerated and produce primary gamma-rays. Secondary pairs are generated in both regions and stream outwards to power the broadband radiations. (3). The potential drop in the annular region grows more rapidly than that in the core region. The annular acceleration process is a key point to produce wide emission beams as observed. (4). The advantages of both the polar cap and outer gap models are retained in this model. The geometric properties of the $\gamma$-ray emission from the annular flow is analogous to that presented in a previous work by Qiao et al., which match the observations well. (5). Since charges with different signs leave the pulsar through the annular and the core regions, respectively, the current closure problem can be partially solved., Comment: 11 pages 2 figures, accepted by Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published: 2007
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124. On a synthetical method to constrain 3-D structure of emission regions of pulsars

Author: Wang, H. G., Zhang, H., Cui, X. H., Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Liu, Y., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The main idea and procedure are presented for a new synthetical method on constraining 3-D structure of emission regions of pulsars. With this method the emission regions can be synthetically constrained by fitting multi-wavelength observations features, e.g. pulse widths, phase offsets between radio pulse profiles and high energy light curves, and radio polarization properties. The main technique is based on numerically calculating the emission directions along any open field line via including aberration and retardation effects under a certain magnetic field configuration, e.g. vacuum dipole field. It can be easily extended by involving some further effects or magnetic field line configuration. The role of observed linear polarization properties in the method is discussed. The future application to known X/gamma-ray and radio pulsars will be helpful to test and improve current theoretical models on pulsar emission., Comment: Proceedings of the 363. WE-Heraeus Seminar on: Neutron Stars and Pulsars (Posters and contributed talks) Physikzentrum Bad Honnef, Germany, May.14-19, 2006, eds. W.Becker, H.H.Huang, MPE Report 291, pp.134-136
Published: 2007

125. To Constrain the Parameter Space of the ICS Model

Author: Cui, X. H., Lee, K. J., Qiao, G. J., Yue, Y. L., Xu, R. X., and Wang, H. G.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The pulse profile of pulsar gives geometric information about pulsar's radiation model. After investigating the pulse profiles of PSR B1642-03 and PSR B0950+08, we calculate the ratios of beam width and the emission height between different frequencies. We find that the ratios are almost constants as inclination angle $\alpha$ changes from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$. The ratios can be used to test pulsar's radiation model. In particular it can well constrain the parameter space of the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model. These constrained parameters indicate some physical implication for the ICS model., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to "Advances in Space Research" (Proceedings of COSPAR 2006)
Published: 2006

126. Detecting the stochastic gravitational wave background using pulsar timing

Author: Jenet, Fredrick A., Hobbs, George B., Lee, K. J., and Manchester, Richard N.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The direct detection of gravitational waves is a major goal of current astrophysics. We provide details of a new method for detecting a stochastic background of gravitational waves using pulsar timing data. Our results show that regular timing observations of 40 pulsars each with a timing accuracy of 100 nano-seconds will be able to make a direct detection of the predicted stochastic background from coalescing black holes within five years. With an improved pre-whitening algorithm, or if the background is at the upper end of the predicted range, a significant detection should be possible with only 20 pulsars., Comment: Accepted by ApJ Letters
Published: 2005
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127. Current induced magnetization switching in exchange biased spin-valves for CPP-GMR heads

Author: Deac, A., Lee, K. J., Liu, Y., Redon, O., Li, M., Wang, P., Nozieres, J. P., and Dieny, B.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract: In contrast to earlier studies performed on simple Co/Cu/Co sandwiches, we have investigated spin transfer effects in complex spin-valve pillars with a diameter of 130nm developed for current-perpendicular to the plane (CPP) magneto-resistive heads. The structure of the samples included an exchange biased synthetic pinned layer and a free layer both laminated by insertion of several ultrathin Cu layers. Despite the small thickness of the polarizing layer, our results show that the free layer can be switched between the parallel (P) and the antiparallel (AP) states by applying current densities of the order of 10^7 A/cm^2. A strong asymmetry is observed between the two critical currents IcAP-P and IcP-AP, as predicted by the model of Slonczewski model. Thanks to the use of exchange biased structures, the stability phase diagrams could be obtained in the four quadrants of the (H, I) plan. The critical lines derived from the magnetoresistance curves measured with different sense currents, and from the resistance versus current curves measured for different applied fields, match each other very well. The main features of the phase diagrams can be reproduced by investigating the stability of the solutions of the Landau Lifshitz Gilbert equation including spin torque term within a macrospin model. A spin-transfer saturation effect was observed in the positive currents range. We attribute it to a de-depolarization effect which appears as a consequence of the asymmetric heating of the pillars, whose top and the bottom leads are made of different materials., Comment: 8 figures
Published: 2005

128. Imaging features and safety and efficacy of endovascular stroke treatment: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data

Author: Berkhemer, Olvert A, Fransen, Puck SS, Beumer, Debbie, van den Berg, Lucie A, Lingsma, Hester F, Yoo, Albert J, Schonewille, Wouter J, Vos, Jan Albert, Nederkoorn, Paul J, Wermer, Marieke JH, van Walderveen, Marianne AA, Staals, Julie, Hofmeijer, Jeannette, van Oostayen, Jacques A., Lycklama à Nijeholt, Geert J., Boiten, Jelis, Brouwer, Patrick A., Emmer, Bart J., de Bruijn, Sebastiaan F., van Dijk, Lukas C., Kappelle, Jaap, Lo, Rob H, van Dijk, Ewoud J., de Vries, Joost, de Kort, Paul L.M., van Rooij, Willem Jan J., van den Berg, Jan S.P., van Hasselt, Boudewijn A.A.M., Aerden, Leo A.M., Dallinga, René J., Visser, Marieke C., Bot, Joseph C.J., Vroomen, Patrick C., Eshghi, Omid, Schreuder, Tobien H.C.M.L., Heijboer, Roel J.J., Keizer, Koos, Tielbeek, Alexander V., den Hertog, Heleen M., Gerrits, Dick G., van den Berg-Vos, Renske M., Karas, Giorgos B., Steyerberg, Ewout W., Flach, Zwenneke, Marquering, Henk A., Sprengers, Marieke E.S., Jenniskens, Sjoerd F.M., Beenen, Ludo F.M., van den Berg, René, Koudstaal, Peter J., van Zwam, Wim H., Roos, Yvo B.W.E.M., van der Lugt, Aad, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J., Majoie, Charles B.L.M., Dippel, Diederik W.J., Brown, Martin M., Liebig, Thomas, Stijnen, Theo, Andersson, Tommy, Mattle, Heinrich, Wahlgren, Nils, van der Heijden, Esther, Ghannouti, Naziha, Fleitour, Nadine, Hooijenga, Imke, Puppels, Corina, Pellikaan, Wilma, Geerling, Annet, Lindl-Velema, Annemieke, van Vemde, Gina, de Ridder, Ans, Greebe, Paut, de Bont-Stikkelbroeck, José, de Meris, Joke, Janssen, Kirsten, Struijk, Willy, Licher, Silvan, Boodt, Nikki, Ros, Adriaan, Venema, Esmee, Slokkers, Ilse, Ganpat, Raymie-Jayce, Mulder, Maxim, Saiedie, Nawid, Heshmatollah, Alis, Schipperen, Stefanie, Vinken, Stefan, van Boxtel, Tiemen, Koets, Jeroen, Boers, Merel, Santos, Emilie, Borst, Jordi, Jansen, Ivo, Kappelhof, Manon, Lucas, Marit, Geuskens, Ralph, Barros, Renan Sales, Dobbe, Roeland, Csizmadia, Marloes, Hill, MD, Goyal, M, Demchuk, AM, Menon, BK, Eesa, M, Ryckborst, KJ, Wright, MR, Kamal, NR, Andersen, L, Randhawa, PA, Stewart, T, Patil, S, Minhas, P, Almekhlafi, M, Mishra, S, Clement, F, Sajobi, T, Shuaib, A, Montanera, WJ, Roy, D, Silver, FL, Jovin, TG, Frei, DF, Sapkota, B, Rempel, JL, Thornton, J, Williams, D, Tampieri, D, Poppe, AY, Dowlatshahi, D, Wong, JH, Mitha, AP, Subramaniam, S, Hull, G, Lowerison, MW, Salluzzi, M, Maxwell, M, Lacusta, S, Drupals, E, Armitage, K, Barber, PA, Smith, EE, Morrish, WF, Coutts, SB, Derdeyn, C, Demaerschalk, B, Yavagal, D, Martin, R, Brant, R, Yu, Y, Willinsky, RA, Weill, A, Kenney, C, Aram, H, Stys, PK, Watson, TW, Klein, G, Pearson, D, Couillard, P, Trivedi, A, Singh, D, Klourfeld, E, Imoukhuede, O, Nikneshan, D, Blayney, S, Reddy, R, Choi, P, Horton, M, Musuka, T, Dubuc, V, Field, TS, Desai, J, Adatia, S, Alseraya, A, Nambiar, V, van Dijk, R, Newcommon, NJ, Schwindt, B, Butcher, KS, Jeerakathil, T, Buck, B, Khan, K, Naik, SS, Emery, DJ, Owen, RJ, Kotylak, TB, Ashforth, RA, Yeo, TA, McNally, D, 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Alan, McGuinness, Ben, Hope, Ayton, Moriarty, Maurice, Bennett, Patricia, Wong, Andrew, Coulthard, Alan, Lee, Andrew, Jannes, Jim, Field, Deborah, Sharma, Gagan, Salinas, Simon, Cowley, Elise, Snow, Barry, Kolbe, John, Stark, Richard, King, John, Macdonnell, Richard, Attia, John, D'Este, Cate, Saver, Jeffrey L, Goyal, Mayank, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Levy, Elad I., Bonafé, Alain, Mendes Pereira, Vitor, Jahan, Reza, Albers, Gregory W., Cognard, Christophe, Cohen, David J., Hacke, Werner, Jansen, Olav, Jovin, Tudor G., Mattle, Heinrich P., Nogueira, Raul G., Siddiqui, Adnan H., Yavagal, Dileep R., von Kummer, Rüdiger, Smith, Wade, Turjman, Francis, Hamilton, Scott, Chiacchierini, Richard, Amar, Arun, Sanossian, Nerses, Loh, Yince, Baxter, B, Reddy, VK, Horev, A, Star, M, Siddiqui, A, Hopkins, LN, Snyder, K, Sawyer, R, Hall, S, Costalat, V, Riquelme, C, Machi, P, Omer, E, Arquizan, C, Mourand, I, Charif, M, Ayrignac, X, Menjot de Champfleur, N, Leboucq, N, Gascou, G, Moynier, M, du Mesnil 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Boutwell, C, Crandall, S, Schwartzman, M, Weinstein, C, Brion, B, Prothmann, S, Kleine, J, Kreiser, K, Boeckh-Behrens, T, Poppert, H, Wunderlich, S, Koch, ML, Biberacher, V, Huberle, A, Gora-Stahlberg, G, Knier, B, Meindl, T, Utpadel-Fischler, D, Zech, M, Kowarik, M, Seifert, C, Schwaiger, B, Puri, A, Hou, S, Wakhloo, A, Moonis, M, Henniger, N, Goddeau, R, Massari, F, Minaeian, A, Lozano, JD, Ramzan, M, Stout, C, Patel, A, Tunguturi, A, Onteddu, S, Carandang, R, Howk, M, Ribó, M, Sanjuan, E, Rubiera, M, Pagola, J, Flores, A, Muchada, M, Meler, P, Huerga, E, Gelabert, S, Coscojuela, P, Tomasello, A, Rodriguez, D, Santamarina, E, Maisterra, O, Boned, S, Seró, L, Rovira, A, Molina, CA, Millán, M, Muñoz, L, Pérez de la Ossa, N, Gomis, M, Dorado, L, López-Cancio, E, Palomeras, E, Munuera, J, García Bermejo, P, Remollo, S, Castaño, C, García-Sort, R, Cuadras, P, Puyalto, P, Hernández-Pérez, M, Jiménez, M, Martínez-Piñeiro, A, Lucente, G, Dávalos, A, Chamorro, A, Urra, X, Obach, V, Cervera, A, Amaro, S, Llull, L, Codas, J, Balasa, M, Navarro, J, Ariño, H, Aceituno, A, Rudilosso, S, Renu, A, Macho, JM, San Roman, L, Blasco, J, López, A, Macías, N, Cardona, P, Quesada, H, Rubio, F, Cano, L, Lara, B, de Miquel, MA, Aja, L, Serena, J, Cobo, E, Albers, Gregory W, Lees, Kennedy R, Arenillas, J, Roberts, R, Al-Ajlan, F, Zimmel, L, Patel, S, Martí-Fàbregas, J, Salvat-Plana, M, Bracard, S, Ducrocq, Xavier, Anxionnat, René, Baillot, Pierre-Alexandre, Barbier, Charlotte, Derelle, Anne-Laure, Lacour, Jean-Christophe, Richard, Sébastien, Samson, Yves, Sourour, Nader, Baronnet-Chauvet, Flore, Clarencon, Frédéric, Crozier, Sophie, Deltour, Sandrine, Di Maria, Federico, Le Bouc, Raphael, Leger, Anne, Mutlu, Gurkan, Rosso, Charlotte, Szatmary, Zoltan, Yger, Marion, Zavanone, Chiara, Bakchine, Serge, Pierot, Laurent, Caucheteux, Nathalie, Estrade, Laurent, Kadziolka, Krzysztof, Leautaud, Alexandre, Renkes, Céline, Serre, Isabelle, Desal, Hubert, Guillon, Benoît, Boutoleau-Bretonniere, Claire, Daumas-Duport, Benjamin, De Gaalon, Solène, Derkinderen, Pascal, Evain, Sarah, Herisson, Fanny, Laplaud, David-Axel, Lebouvier, Thibaud, Lintia-Gaultier, Alina, Pouclet-Courtemanche, Hélène, Rouaud, Tiphaine, Rouaud Jaffrenou, Violaine, Schunck, Aurélia, Sevin-Allouet, Mathieu, Toulgoat, Frederique, Wiertlewski, Sandrine, Gauvrit, Jean-Yves, Ronziere, Thomas, Cahagne, Vincent, Ferre, Jean-Christophe, Pinel, Jean-François, Raoult, Hélène, Mas, Jean-Louis, Meder, Jean-François, Al Najjar-Carpentier, Amen-Adam, Birchenall, Julia, Bodiguel, Eric, Calvet, David, Domigo, Valérie, Godon-Hardy, Sylvie, Guiraud, Vincent, Lamy, Catherine, Majhadi, Loubna, Morin, Ludovic, Naggara, Olivier, Trystram, Denis, Turc, Guillaume, Berge, Jérôme, Sibon, Igor, Menegon, Patrice, Barreau, Xavier, Rouanet, François, Debruxelles, Sabrina, Kazadi, Annabelle, Renou, Pauline, Fleury, Olivier, Pasco-Papon, Anne, Dubas, Frédéric, Caroff, Jildaz, Godard Ducceschi, Sophie, Hamon, Marie-Aurélie, Lecluse, Alderic, Marc, Guillaume, Giroud, Maurice, Ricolfi, Frédéric, Bejot, Yannick, Chavent, Adrien, Gentil, Arnaud, Kazemi, Apolline, Osseby, Guy-Victor, Voguet, Charlotte, Mahagne, Marie-Hélène, Sedat, Jacques, Chau, Yves, Suissa, Laurent, Lachaud, Sylvain, Houdart, Emmanuel, Stapf, Christian, Buffon Porcher, Frédérique, Chabriat, Hugues, Guedin, Pierre, Herve, Dominique, Jouvent, Eric, Mawet, Jérôme, Saint-Maurice, Jean-Pierre, Schneble, Hans-Martin, Nighoghossian, Norbert, Berhoune, Nadia-Nawel, Bouhour, Françoise, Cho, Tae-Hee, Derex, Laurent, Felix, Sandra, Gervais-Bernard, Hélène, Gory, Benjamin, Manera, Luis, Mechtouff, Laura, Ritzenthaler, Thomas, Riva, Roberto, Salaris Silvio, Fabrizio, Tilikete, Caroline, Blanc, Raphael, Obadia, Michaël, Bartolini, Mario Bruno, Gueguen, Antoine, Piotin, Michel, Pistocchi, Silvia, Redjem, Hocine, Drouineau, Jacques, Neau, Jean-Philippe, Godeneche, Gaelle, Lamy, Matthias, Marsac, Emilia, Velasco, Stephane, Clavelou, Pierre, Chabert, Emmanuel, Bourgois, Nathalie, Cornut-Chauvinc, Catherine, Ferrier, Anna, Gabrillargues, Jean, Jean, Betty, Marques, Anna-Raquel, Vitello, Nicolas, Detante, Olivier, Barbieux, Marianne, Boubagra, Kamel, Favre Wiki, Isabelle, Garambois, Katia, Tahon, Florence, Ashok, Vasdev, Coskun, Oguzhan, Rodesch, Georges, Lapergue, Bertrand, Bourdain, Frédéric, Evrard, Serge, Graveleau, Philippe, Decroix, Jean Pierre, Wang, Adrien, Sellal, François, Ahle, Guido, Carelli, Gabriela, Dugay, Marie-Hélène, Gaultier, Claude, Lebedinsky, Ariel Pablo, Lita, Lavinia, Musacchio, Raul Mariano, Renglewicz-Destuynder, Catherine, Tournade, Alain, Vuillemet, Françis, Montoro, Francisco Macian, Mounayer, Charbel, Faugeras, Frederic, Gimenez, Laetitia, Labach, Catherine, Lautrette, Géraldine, Denier, Christian, Saliou, Guillaume, Chassin, Olivier, Dussaule, Claire, Melki, Elsa, Ozanne, Augustin, Puccinelli, Francesco, Sachet, Marina, Sarov, Mariana, Bonneville, Jean-François, Moulin, Thierry, Biondi, Alessandra, De Bustos Medeiros, Elisabeth, Vuillier, Fabrice, Courtheoux, Patrick, Viader, Fausto, Apoil-Brissard, Marion, Bataille, Mathieu, Bonnet, Anne-Laure, Cogez, Julien, Touze, Emmanuel, Leclerc, Xavier, Leys, Didier, Aggour, Mohamed, Aguettaz, Pierre, Bodenant, Marie, Cordonnier, Charlotte, Deplanque, Dominique, Girot, Marie, Henon, Hilde, Kalsoum, Erwah, Lucas, Christian, Pruvo, Jean-Pierre, Zuniga, Paolo, Arquizan, Caroline, Costalat, Vincent, Machi, Paolo, Mourand, Isabelle, Riquelme, Carlos, Bounolleau, Pierre, Arteaga, Charles, Faivre, Anthony, Bintner, Marc, Tournebize, Patrice, Charlin, Cyril, Darcel, Françoise, Gauthier-Lasalarie, Pascale, Jeremenko, Marcia, Mouton, Servane, Zerlauth, Jean-Baptiste, Lamy, Chantal, Hervé, Deramond, Hassan, Hosseini, Gaston, André, Barral, Francis-Guy, Garnier, Pierre, Beaujeux, Rémy, Wolff, Valérie, Herbreteau, Denis, Debiais, Séverine, Murray, Alicia, Ford, Gary, Muir, Keith W, White, Philip, Brown, Martin M, Clifton, Andy, Freeman, Janet, Ford, Ian, Markus, Hugh, Wardlaw, Joanna, Molyneux, Andy, Robinson, Thompson, Lewis, Steff, Norrie, John, Robertson, Fergus, Perry, Richard, Dixit, Anand, Cloud, Geoffrey, Clifton, Andrew, Madigan, Jeremy, Roffe, Christine, Nayak, Sanjeev, Lobotesis, Kyriakos, Smith, Craig, Herwadkar, Amit, Kandasamy, Naga, Goddard, Tony, Bamford, John, Subramanian, Ganesh, Lenthall, Rob, Littleton, Edward, Lamin, Sal, Storey, Kelley, Ghatala, Rita, Banaras, Azra, Aeron-Thomas, John, Hazel, Bath, Maguire, Holly, Veraque, Emelda, Harrison, Louise, Keshvara, Rekha, Cunningham, James, Román, Luis San, Menon, Bijoy K, Blasco, Jordi, Hernández-Pérez, María, Dávalos, Antoni, Majoie, Charles B L M, Campbell, Bruce C V, Guillemin, Francis, Lingsma, Hester, Epstein, Jonathan, Marquering, Henk, Wong, John H, Lopes, Demetrius, Reimann, Gernot, Dippel, Diederik W J, Coutts, Shelagh, du Mesnil de Rochemont, Richard, Yavagal, Dileep, Ferre, Jean Christophe, Roos, Yvo B W E M, Liebeskind, David S, Lenthall, Robert, Molina, Carlos, Al Ajlan, Fahad S, Reddy, Vivek, Dowlatshahi, Dar, Sourour, Nader-Antoine, Oppenheim, Catherine, Mitha, Alim P, Weimar, Christian, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J, Cobo, Erik, Demchuk, Andrew M, Boers, Anna M M, Ford, Gary A, Brown, B Scott, Jovin, Tudor, van Zwam, Wim H, Hill, Michael D, White, Phil, and Bracard, Serge
Published: 2018
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129. A model for the challenging 'bi-drifting' phenomenon in PSR J0815+09

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Zhang, B., Xu, R. X., and Wang, H. G.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: A new drifting pulsar, PSR J0815+09, was discovered in the Arecibo drift-scan searches. An intriguing feature of this source is that within the four pulse components in the integrated pulse profile, the sub-pulse drifting direction in the two leading components is opposite from that in the two trailing components. In view that the leading theoretical model for pulsar sub-pulse drifting can only interpret one-direction sub-pulse drifting, the observed "bi-drifting" phenomenon from PSR J0815+09 poses a great challenge to the pulsar theory. The inner annular gap (IAG), a new type of inner particle accelerator, was recently proposed to explain both $\gamma$-ray and radio emission from pulsars. Here we show that the coexistence of the IAG and the conventional inner core gap (ICG) offers a natural interpretation to the bi-drifting phenomenon. In particular, the peculiar drifting behavior in PSR J0815+09 can be reproduced within the inverse Compton scattering (ICS) model for pulsar radio emission., Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, ApJL, accepted
Published: 2004
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130. Excitations of incoherent spin-waves due to spin-transfer torque

Author: Lee, K. J., Deac, A., Redon, O., Nozieres, J. P., and Dieny, B.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: As predicted by Slonczewski and Berger, the possibility of exciting microwave oscillations in a nanomagnet by a spin-polarized current has been recently demonstrated. This observation opens very important perspectives of applications in RF components. However, some unresolved inconsistencies are found when interpreting the magnetization dynamics results within the coherent spin-torque model (CSM). In some cases, the telegraph noise caused by spin-currents could not be described quantitatively by the CSM. This led to controversies about the need of an effective magnetic temperature model (ETM). Here we interpret the experimental results of Kiselev et al. [Nature 425, 380 (2003)] using micromagnetic simulations. We point out the key role played by incoherent spin-waves excitation due to spin-transfer effects. The incoherence is caused by the spatial inhomogeneities of the local fields, generating a distribution of local precession frequencies. It results in telegraph noise at zero temperature associated with transitions between attraction wells in phase space., Comment: Nature Materials advance online publication, 7 November 2004
Published: 2004
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131. The inner annular Gap for pulsar radiation: gamma-ray and radio emission

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Wang, H. G., Xu, R. X., and Han, J. L.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The inner annular gap (IAG), a new type of inner gap whose magnetic field lines intersect the null charge surface (NCS), is proposed to explain $\gamma$-ray and radio emission from pulsars. The IAG can be an important source for high-energy particles. The particles can radiate between the NCS and the IAG. Some observational characteristics in both $\gamma$-ray and radio bands, such as the $\gamma$-ray emission beams of Crab-like, Vela-like and Geminga-like, can be reproduced by numerical method. It is predicted that the view angle $\zeta$ should be larger than the inclination angle ($\zeta>\alpha$), otherwise the $\gamma$-ray radiation will have little possibility to be observed. Whether the inner annular gap (or cap) is sparking (or free flow) depends on the surface binding energy of the pulsar. In stead of neutron star models, the scenario of the IAG is favorable for bare strange star models, because bare strange stars can easily satisfy the requisite condition to form an IAG for both pulsars ($\vec{\Omega}\cdot \vec{B}<0$) and anti-pulsars ($\vec\Omega \cdot \vec{B}>0$)., Comment: ApJL, accepted
Published: 2004
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132. A Joint model for radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Wang, H. G., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: Although pulsars can radiate electromagnetic wave from radio to gamma ray bands, we still have no a united model to understand the multi-band emission. In this paper the effort for a joint model is presented. The inverse Compton scattering (ICS) and a second acceleration process near the null charge surface are involved to account for the radio and the gama-ray emission, respectively. Various kind of pulse profiles and other observational properties can be reproduced., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure, IAU Symposium No.214 on "High Energy Processes and Phenomena in Astrophysics", August, 2002, Suzhou, China, in press
Published: 2003

133. Radio and gamma-ray emission from pulsars

Author: Qiao, G. J., Lee, K. J., Wang, H. G., and Xu, R. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The radiation of pulsars have been observed for many years. A few pulsars are discovered to have both radio and gamma-ray emission. Many models on pulsar radiation have been developed, but so far we are still lacking an elaborate model which can explain the emission from radio to gamma-rays in detail. In this paper we present a joint model for radio and gamma-ray emission, in which both the dominate emission mechanisms are inverse Compton scattering. The pulse profiles at radio and gamma-ray bands are reproduced for the Crab-like, Vela-like and Geminga-like pulsars, in good agreement with observations., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, in the meeting on "Radio Pulsars", Crete 2002, in press
Published: 2003

134. Transport and Fate of Natural Gas and Brine Escaping from a Hydrocarbon Reservoir Through a Failed Deepwater Well in the Oceanic Subsurface of the Gulf of Mexico

Author: Reagan, M. T., Moridis, G. J., Keen, N. D., Lee, K. J., Natter, M., Bjerstedt, T., and Shedd, W. W.
Published: 2019
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135. Effect of general anaesthesia on functional outcome in patients with anterior circulation ischaemic stroke having endovascular thrombectomy versus standard care: a meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author: Berkhemer, Olvert A, Fransen, Puck SS, Beumer, Debbie, van den Berg, Lucie A, Lingsma, Hester F, Yoo, Albert J, Schonewille, Wouter J, Vos, Jan Albert, Nederkoorn, Paul J, Wermer, Marieke JH, van Walderveen, Marianne AA, Staals, Julie, Hofmeijer, Jeannette, van Oostayen, Jacques A., Lycklama à Nijeholt, Geert J., Boiten, Jelis, Brouwer, Patrick A., Emmer, Bart J., de Bruijn, Sebastiaan F., van Dijk, Lukas C., Kappelle, Jaap, Lo, Rob H, van Dijk, Ewoud J., de Vries, Joost, de Kort, Paul L.M., van Rooij, Willem Jan J., van den Berg, Jan S.P., van Hasselt, Boudewijn A.A.M., Aerden, Leo A.M., Dallinga, René J., Visser, Marieke C., Bot, Joseph C.J., Vroomen, Patrick C., Eshghi, Omid, Schreuder, Tobien H.C.M.L., Heijboer, Roel J.J., Keizer, Koos, Tielbeek, Alexander V., den Hertog, Heleen M., Gerrits, Dick G., van den Berg-Vos, Renske M., Karas, Giorgos B., Steyerberg, Ewout W., Flach, Zwenneke, Marquering, Henk A., Sprengers, Marieke E.S., Jenniskens, Sjoerd F.M., Beenen, Ludo F.M., van den Berg, René, Koudstaal, Peter J., van Zwam, Wim H., Roos, Yvo B.W.E.M., van der Lugt, Aad, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J., Majoie, Charles B.L.M., Dippel, Diederik W.J., Brown, Martin M., Liebig, Thomas, Stijnen, Theo, Andersson, Tommy, Mattle, Heinrich, Wahlgren, Nils, van der Heijden, Esther, Ghannouti, Naziha, Fleitour, Nadine, Hooijenga, Imke, Puppels, Corina, Pellikaan, Wilma, Geerling, Annet, Lindl-Velema, Annemieke, van Vemde, Gina, de Ridder, Ans, Greebe, Paut, de Bont-Stikkelbroeck, José, de Meris, Joke, Janssen, Kirsten, Struijk, Willy, Licher, Silvan, Boodt, Nikki, Ros, Adriaan, Venema, Esmee, Slokkers, Ilse, Ganpat, Raymie-Jayce, Mulder, Maxim, Saiedie, Nawid, Heshmatollah, Alis, Schipperen, Stefanie, Vinken, Stefan, van Boxtel, Tiemen, Koets, Jeroen, Boers, Merel, Santos, Emilie, Borst, Jordi, Jansen, Ivo, Kappelhof, Manon, Lucas, Marit, Geuskens, Ralph, Barros, Renan Sales, Dobbe, Roeland, Csizmadia, Marloes, Hill, MD, Goyal, M, Demchuk, AM, Menon, BK, Eesa, M, Ryckborst, KJ, Wright, MR, Kamal, NR, Andersen, L, Randhawa, PA, Stewart, T, Patil, S, Minhas, P, Almekhlafi, M, Mishra, S, Clement, F, Sajobi, T, Shuaib, A, Montanera, WJ, Roy, D, Silver, FL, Jovin, TG, Frei, DF, Sapkota, B, Rempel, JL, Thornton, J, Williams, D, Tampieri, D, Poppe, AY, Dowlatshahi, D, Wong, JH, Mitha, AP, Subramaniam, S, Hull, G, Lowerison, MW, Salluzzi, M, Maxwell, M, Lacusta, S, Drupals, E, Armitage, K, Barber, PA, Smith, EE, Morrish, WF, Coutts, SB, Derdeyn, C, Demaerschalk, B, Yavagal, D, Martin, R, Brant, R, Yu, Y, Willinsky, RA, Weill, A, Kenney, C, Aram, H, Stys, PK, Watson, TW, Klein, G, Pearson, D, Couillard, P, Trivedi, A, Singh, D, Klourfeld, E, Imoukhuede, O, Nikneshan, D, Blayney, S, Reddy, R, Choi, P, Horton, M, Musuka, T, Dubuc, V, Field, TS, Desai, J, Adatia, S, Alseraya, A, Nambiar, V, van Dijk, R, Newcommon, NJ, Schwindt, B, Butcher, KS, Jeerakathil, T, Buck, B, Khan, K, Naik, SS, Emery, DJ, Owen, RJ, Kotylak, TB, Ashforth, RA, Yeo, TA, McNally, D, Siddiqui, M, Saqqur, M, Hussain, D, Kalashyan, H, Manosalva, A, Kate, M, Gioia, L, Hasan, S, Mohammad, A, Muratoglu, M, Cullen, A, Brennan, P, O'Hare, A, Looby, S, Hyland, D, Duff, S, McCusker, M, Hallinan, B, Lee, S, McCormack, J, Moore, A, O'Connor, M, Donegan, C, Brewer, L, Martin, A, Murphy, S, O'Rourke, K, Smyth, S, Kelly, P, Lynch, T, Daly, T, O'Brien, P, O'Driscoll, A, Martin, M, Collins, R, Coughlan, T, McCabe, D, O'Neill, D, Mulroy, M, Lynch, O, Walsh, T, O'Donnell, M, Galvin, T, Harbison, J, McElwaine, P, Mulpeter, K, McLoughlin, C, Reardon, M, Harkin, E, Dolan, E, Watts, M, Cunningham, N, Fallon, C, Gallagher, S, Cotter, P, Crowe, M, Doyle, R, Noone, I, Lapierre, M, Coté, VA, Lanthier, S, Odier, C, Durocher, A, Raymond, J, Daneault, N, Deschaintre, Y, Jankowitz, B, Baxendell, L, Massaro, L, Jackson-Graves, C, Decesare, S, Porter, P, Armbruster, K, Adams, A, Billigan, J, Oakley, J, Ducruet, A, Jadhav, A, Giurgiutiu, D-V, Aghaebrahim, A, Reddy, V, Hammer, M, Starr, M, Totoraitis, V, Wechsler, L, Streib, S, Rangaraju, S, Campbell, D, Rocha, M, Gulati, D, Krings, T, Kalman, L, Cayley, A, Williams, J, Wiegner, R, Casaubon, LK, Jaigobin, C, del Campo, JM, Elamin, E, Schaafsma, JD, Agid, R, Farb, R, ter Brugge, K, Sapkoda, BL, Baxter, BW, Barton, K, Knox, A, Porter, A, Sirelkhatim, A, Devlin, T, Dellinger, C, Pitiyanuvath, N, Patterson, J, Nichols, J, Quarfordt, S, Calvert, J, Hawk, H, Fanale, C, Bitner, A, Novak, A, Huddle, D, Bellon, R, Loy, D, Wagner, J, Chang, I, Lampe, E, Spencer, B, Pratt, R, Bartt, R, Shine, S, Dooley, G, Nguyen, T, Whaley, M, McCarthy, K, Teitelbaum, J, Poon, W, Campbell, N, Cortes, M, Lum, C, Shamloul, R, Robert, S, Stotts, G, Shamy, M, Steffenhagen, N, Blacquiere, D, Hogan, M, AlHazzaa, M, Basir, G, Lesiuk, H, Iancu, D, Santos, M, Choe, H, Weisman, DC, Jonczak, K, Blue-Schaller, A, Shah, Q, MacKenzie, L, Klein, B, Kulandaivel, K, Kozak, O, Gzesh, DJ, Harris, LJ, Khoury, JS, Mandzia, J, Pelz, D, Crann, S, Fleming, L, Hesser, K, Beauchamp, B, Amato-Marzialli, B, Boulton, M, Lopez- Ojeda, P, Sharma, M, Lownie, S, Chan, R, Swartz, R, Howard, P, Golob, D, Gladstone, D, Boyle, K, Boulos, M, Hopyan, J, Yang, V, Da Costa, L, Holmstedt, CA, Turk, AS, Navarro, R, Jauch, E, Ozark, S, Turner, R, Phillips, S, Shankar, J, Jarrett, J, Gubitz, G, Maloney, W, Vandorpe, R, Schmidt, M, Heidenreich, J, Hunter, G, Kelly, M, Whelan, R, Peeling, L, Burns, PA, Hunter, A, Wiggam, I, Kerr, E, Watt, M, Fulton, A, Gordon, P, Rennie, I, Flynn, P, Smyth, G, O'Leary, S, Gentile, N, Linares, G, McNelis, P, Erkmen, K, Katz, P, Azizi, A, Weaver, M, Jungreis, C, Faro, S, Shah, P, Reimer, H, Kalugdan, V, Saposnik, G, Bharatha, A, Li, Y, Kostyrko, P, Marotta, T, Montanera, W, Sarma, D, Selchen, D, Spears, J, Heo, JH, Jeong, K, Kim, DJ, Kim, BM, Kim, YD, Song, D, Lee, K-J, Yoo, J, Bang, OY, Rho, S, Lee, J, Jeon, P, Kim, KH, Cha, J, Kim, SJ, Ryoo, S, Lee, MJ, Sohn, S-I, Kim, C-H, Ryu, H-G, Hong, J-H, Chang, H-W, Lee, C-Y, Rha, J, Davis, Stephen M, Donnan, Geoffrey A, Campbell, Bruce CV, Mitchell, Peter J, Churilov, Leonid, Yan, Bernard, Dowling, Richard, Yassi, Nawaf, Oxley, Thomas J, Wu, Teddy Y, Silver, Gabriel, McDonald, Amy, McCoy, Rachael, Kleinig, Timothy J, Scroop, Rebecca, Dewey, Helen M, Simpson, Marion, Brooks, Mark, Coulton, Bronwyn, Krause, Martin, Harrington, Timothy J, Steinfort, Brendan, Faulder, Kenneth, Priglinger, Miriam, Day, Susan, Phan, Thanh, Chong, Winston, Holt, Michael, Chandra, Ronil V, Ma, Henry, Young, Dennis, Wong, Kitty, Wijeratne, Tissa, Tu, Hans, Mackay, Elizabeth, Celestino, Sherisse, Bladin, Christopher F, Loh, Poh Sien, Gilligan, Amanda, Ross, Zofia, Coote, Skye, Frost, Tanya, Parsons, Mark W, Miteff, Ferdinand, Levi, Christopher R, Ang, Timothy, Spratt, Neil, Kaauwai, Lara, Badve, Monica, Rice, Henry, de Villiers, Laetitia, Barber, P. Alan, McGuinness, Ben, Hope, Ayton, Moriarty, Maurice, Bennett, Patricia, Wong, Andrew, Coulthard, Alan, Lee, Andrew, Jannes, Jim, Field, Deborah, Sharma, Gagan, Salinas, Simon, Cowley, Elise, Snow, Barry, Kolbe, John, Stark, Richard, King, John, Macdonnell, Richard, Attia, John, D'Este, Cate, Saver, Jeffrey L, Goyal, Mayank, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Levy, Elad I., Bonafé, Alain, Mendes Pereira, Vitor, Jahan, Reza, Albers, Gregory W., Cognard, Christophe, Cohen, David J., Hacke, Werner, Jansen, Olav, Jovin, Tudor G., Mattle, Heinrich P., Nogueira, Raul G., Siddiqui, Adnan H., Yavagal, Dileep R., von Kummer, Rüdiger, Smith, Wade, Turjman, Francis, Hamilton, Scott, Chiacchierini, Richard, Amar, Arun, Sanossian, Nerses, Loh, Yince, Baxter, B, Reddy, VK, Horev, A, Star, M, Siddiqui, A, Hopkins, LN, Snyder, K, Sawyer, R, Hall, S, Costalat, V, Riquelme, C, Machi, P, Omer, E, Arquizan, C, Mourand, I, Charif, M, Ayrignac, X, Menjot de Champfleur, N, Leboucq, N, Gascou, G, Moynier, M, du Mesnil de Rochemont, R, Singer, O, Berkefeld, J, Foerch, C, Lorenz, M, Pfeilschifer, W, Hattingen, E, Wagner, M, You, SJ, Lescher, S, Braun, H, Dehkharghani, S, Belagaje, SR, Anderson, A, Lima, A, Obideen, M, Haussen, D, Dharia, R, Frankel, M, Patel, V, Owada, K, Saad, A, Amerson, L, Horn, C, Doppelheuer, S, Schindler, K, Lopes, DK, Chen, M, Moftakhar, R, Anton, C, Smreczak, M, Carpenter, JS, Boo, S, Rai, A, Roberts, T, Tarabishy, A, Gutmann, L, Brooks, C, Brick, J, Domico, J, Reimann, G, Hinrichs, K, Becker, M, Heiss, E, Selle, C, Witteler, A, Al-Boutros, S, Danch, M-J, Ranft, A, Rohde, S, Burg, K, Weimar, C, Zegarac, V, Hartmann, C, Schlamann, M, Göricke, S, Ringlestein, A, Wanke, I, Mönninghoff, C, Dietzold, M, Budzik, R, Davis, T, Eubank, G, Hicks, WJ, Pema, P, Vora, N, Mejilla, J, Taylor, M, Clark, W, Rontal, A, Fields, J, Peterson, B, Nesbit, G, Lutsep, H, Bozorgchami, H, Priest, R, Ologuntoye, O, Barnwell, S, Dogan, A, Herrick, K, Takahasi, C, Beadell, N, Brown, B, Jamieson, S, Hussain, MS, Russman, A, Hui, F, Wisco, D, Uchino, K, Khawaja, Z, Katzan, I, Toth, G, Cheng-Ching, E, Bain, M, Man, S, Farrag, A, George, P, John, S, Shankar, L, Drofa, A, Dahlgren, R, Bauer, A, Itreat, A, Taqui, A, Cerejo, R, Richmond, A, Ringleb, P, Bendszus, M, Möhlenbruch, M, Reiff, T, Amiri, H, Purrucker, J, Herweh, C, Pham, M, Menn, O, Ludwig, I, Acosta, I, Villar, C, Morgan, W, Sombutmai, C, Hellinger, F, Allen, E, Bellew, M, Gandhi, R, Bonwit, E, Aly, J, Ecker, RD, Seder, D, Morris, J, Skaletsky, M, Belden, J, Baker, C, Connolly, LS, Papanagiotou, P, Roth, C, Kastrup, A, Politi, M, Brunner, F, Alexandrou, M, Merdivan, H, Ramsey, C, Given II, C, Renfrow, S, Deshmukh, V, Sasadeusz, K, Vincent, F, Thiesing, JT, Putnam, J, Bhatt, A, Kansara, A, Caceves, D, Lowenkopf, T, Yanase, L, Zurasky, J, Dancer, S, Freeman, B, Scheibe-Mirek, T, Robison, J, Roll, J, Clark, D, Rodriguez, M, Fitzsimmons, B-FM, Zaidat, O, Lynch, JR, Lazzaro, M, Larson, T, Padmore, L, Das, E, Farrow-Schmidt, A, Hassan, A, Tekle, W, Cate, C, Jansen, O, Cnyrim, C, Wodarg, F, Wiese, C, Binder, A, Riedel, C, Rohr, A, Lang, N, Laufs, H, Krieter, S, Remonda, L, Diepers, M, Añon, J, Nedeltchev, K, Kahles, T, Biethahn, S, Lindner, M, Chang, V, Gächter, C, Esperon, C, Guglielmetti, M, Arenillas Lara, JF, Martínez Galdámez, M, Calleja Sanz, AI, Cortijo Garcia, E, Garcia Bermejo, P, Perez, S, Mulero Carrillo, P, Crespo Vallejo, E, Ruiz Piñero, M, Lopez Mesonero, L, Reyes Muñoz, FJ, Brekenfeld, C, Buhk, J-H, Krützelmann, A, Thomalla, G, Cheng, B, Beck, C, Hoppe, J, Goebell, E, Holst, B, Grzyska, U, Wortmann, G, Starkman, S, Duckwiler, G, Jahan, R, Rao, N, Sheth, S, Ng, K, Noorian, A, Szeder, V, Nour, M, McManus, M, Huang, J, Tarpley, J, Tateshima, S, Gonzalez, N, Ali, L, Liebeskind, D, Hinman, J, Calderon-Arnulphi, M, Liang, C, Guzy, J, Koch, S, DeSousa, K, Gordon-Perue, G, Elhammady, M, Peterson, E, Pandey, V, Dharmadhikari, S, Khandelwal, P, Malik, A, Pafford, R, Gonzalez, P, Ramdas, K, Andersen, G, Damgaard, D, Von Weitzel-Mudersbach, P, Simonsen, C, Ruiz de Morales Ayudarte, N, Poulsen, M, Sørensen, L, Karabegovich, S, Hjørringgaard, M, Hjort, N, Harbo, T, Sørensen, K, Deshaies, E, Padalino, D, Swarnkar, A, Latorre, JG, Elnour, E, El-Zammar, Z, Villwock, M, Farid, H, Balgude, A, Cross, L, Hansen, K, Holtmannspötter, M, Kondziella, D, Hoejgaard, J, Taudorf, S, Soendergaard, H, Wagner, A, Cronquist, M, Stavngaard, T, Cortsen, M, Krarup, LH, Hyldal, T, Haring, H-P, Guggenberger, S, Hamberger, M, Trenkler, J, Sonnberger, M, Nussbaumer, K, Dominger, C, Bach, E, Jagadeesan, BD, Taylor, R, Kim, J, Shea, K, Tummala, R, Zacharatos, H, Sandhu, D, Ezzeddine, M, Grande, A, Hildebrandt, D, Miller, K, Scherber, J, Hendrickson, A, Jumaa, M, Zaidi, S, Hendrickson, T, Snyder, V, Killer-Oberpfalzer, M, Mutzenbach, J, Weymayr, F, Broussalis, E, Stadler, K, Jedlitschka, A, Malek, A, Mueller-Kronast, N, Beck, P, Martin, C, Summers, D, Day, J, Bettinger, I, Holloway, W, Olds, K, Arkin, S, Akhtar, N, Boutwell, C, Crandall, S, Schwartzman, M, Weinstein, C, Brion, B, Prothmann, S, Kleine, J, Kreiser, K, Boeckh-Behrens, T, Poppert, H, Wunderlich, S, Koch, ML, Biberacher, V, Huberle, A, Gora-Stahlberg, G, Knier, B, Meindl, T, Utpadel-Fischler, D, Zech, M, Kowarik, M, Seifert, C, Schwaiger, B, Puri, A, Hou, S, Wakhloo, A, Moonis, M, Henninger, N, Goddeau, R, Massari, F, Minaeian, A, Lozano, JD, Ramzan, M, Stout, C, Patel, A, Tunguturi, A, Onteddu, S, Carandang, R, Howk, M, Ribó, M, Sanjuan, E, Rubiera, M, Pagola, J, Flores, A, Muchada, M, Meler, P, Huerga, E, Gelabert, S, Coscojuela, P, Tomasello, A, Rodriguez, D, Santamarina, E, Maisterra, O, Boned, S, Seró, L, Rovira, A, Molina, CA, Millán, M, Muñoz, L, Pérez de la Ossa, N, Gomis, M, Dorado, L, López-Cancio, E, Palomeras, E, Munuera, J, García Bermejo, P, Remollo, S, Castaño, C, García-Sort, R, Cuadras, P, Puyalto, P, Hernández-Pérez, M, Jiménez, M, Martínez-Piñeiro, A, Lucente, G, Dávalos, A, Chamorro, A, Urra, X, Obach, V, Cervera, A, Amaro, S, Llull, L, Codas, J, Balasa, M, Navarro, J, Ariño, H, Aceituno, A, Rudilosso, S, Renu, A, Macho, JM, San Roman, L, Blasco, J, López, A, Macías, N, Cardona, P, Quesada, H, Rubio, F, Cano, L, Lara, B, de Miquel, MA, Aja, L, Serena, J, Cobo, E, Albers, Gregory W, Lees, Kennedy R, Arenillas, J, Roberts, R, Al-Ajlan, F, Zimmel, L, Patel, S, Martí-Fàbregas, J, Salvat-Plana, M, Bracard, S, Ducrocq, Xavier, Anxionnat, René, Baillot, Pierre-Alexandre, Barbier, Charlotte, Derelle, Anne-Laure, Lacour, Jean-Christophe, Richard, Sébastien, Samson, Yves, Sourour, Nader, Baronnet-Chauvet, Flore, Clarencon, Frédéric, Crozier, Sophie, Deltour, Sandrine, Di Maria, Federico, Le Bouc, Raphael, Leger, Anne, Mutlu, Gurkan, Rosso, Charlotte, Szatmary, Zoltan, Yger, Marion, Zavanone, Chiara, Bakchine, Serge, Pierot, Laurent, Caucheteux, Nathalie, Estrade, Laurent, Kadziolka, Krzysztof, Leautaud, Alexandre, Renkes, Céline, Serre, Isabelle, Desal, Hubert, Guillon, Benoît, Boutoleau-Bretonniere, Claire, Daumas-Duport, Benjamin, De Gaalon, Solène, Derkinderen, Pascal, Evain, Sarah, Herisson, Fanny, Laplaud, David-Axel, Lebouvier, Thibaud, Lintia-Gaultier, Alina, Pouclet-Courtemanche, Hélène, Rouaud, Tiphaine, Rouaud Jaffrenou, Violaine, Schunck, Aurélia, Sevin-Allouet, Mathieu, Toulgoat, Frederique, Wiertlewski, Sandrine, Gauvrit, Jean-Yves, Ronziere, Thomas, Cahagne, Vincent, Ferre, Jean-Christophe, Pinel, Jean-François, Raoult, Hélène, Mas, Jean-Louis, Meder, Jean-François, Al Najjar-Carpentier, Amen-Adam, Birchenall, Julia, Bodiguel, Eric, Calvet, David, Domigo, Valérie, Godon-Hardy, Sylvie, Guiraud, Vincent, Lamy, Catherine, Majhadi, Loubna, Morin, Ludovic, Naggara, Olivier, Trystram, Denis, Turc, Guillaume, Berge, Jérôme, Sibon, Igor, Menegon, Patrice, Barreau, Xavier, Rouanet, François, Debruxelles, Sabrina, Kazadi, Annabelle, Renou, Pauline, Fleury, Olivier, Pasco-Papon, Anne, Dubas, Frédéric, Caroff, Jildaz, Godard Ducceschi, Sophie, Hamon, Marie-Aurélie, Lecluse, Alderic, Marc, Guillaume, Giroud, Maurice, Ricolfi, Frédéric, Bejot, Yannick, Chavent, Adrien, Gentil, Arnaud, Kazemi, Apolline, Osseby, Guy-Victor, Voguet, Charlotte, Mahagne, Marie-Hélène, Sedat, Jacques, Chau, Yves, Suissa, Laurent, Lachaud, Sylvain, Houdart, Emmanuel, Stapf, Christian, Buffon Porcher, Frédérique, Chabriat, Hugues, Guedin, Pierre, Herve, Dominique, Jouvent, Eric, Mawet, Jérôme, Saint-Maurice, Jean-Pierre, Schneble, Hans-Martin, Nighoghossian, Norbert, Berhoune, Nadia-Nawel, Bouhour, Françoise, Cho, Tae-Hee, Derex, Laurent, Felix, Sandra, Gervais-Bernard, Hélène, Gory, Benjamin, Manera, Luis, Mechtouff, Laura, Ritzenthaler, Thomas, Riva, Roberto, Salaris Silvio, Fabrizio, Tilikete, Caroline, Blanc, Raphael, Obadia, Michaël, Bartolini, Mario Bruno, Gueguen, Antoine, Piotin, Michel, Pistocchi, Silvia, Redjem, Hocine, Drouineau, Jacques, Neau, Jean-Philippe, Godeneche, Gaelle, Lamy, Matthias, Marsac, Emilia, Velasco, Stephane, Clavelou, Pierre, Chabert, Emmanuel, Bourgois, Nathalie, Cornut-Chauvinc, Catherine, Ferrier, Anna, Gabrillargues, Jean, Jean, Betty, Marques, Anna-Raquel, Vitello, Nicolas, Detante, Olivier, Barbieux, Marianne, Boubagra, Kamel, Favre Wiki, Isabelle, Garambois, Katia, Tahon, Florence, Ashok, Vasdev, Coskun, Oguzhan, Rodesch, Georges, Lapergue, Bertrand, Bourdain, Frédéric, Evrard, Serge, Graveleau, Philippe, Decroix, Jean Pierre, Wang, Adrien, Sellal, François, Ahle, Guido, Carelli, Gabriela, Dugay, Marie-Hélène, Gaultier, Claude, Lebedinsky, Ariel Pablo, Lita, Lavinia, Musacchio, Raul Mariano, Renglewicz-Destuynder, Catherine, Tournade, Alain, Vuillemet, Françis, Montoro, Francisco Macian, Mounayer, Charbel, Faugeras, Frederic, Gimenez, Laetitia, Labach, Catherine, Lautrette, Géraldine, Denier, Christian, Saliou, Guillaume, Chassin, Olivier, Dussaule, Claire, Melki, Elsa, Ozanne, Augustin, Puccinelli, Francesco, Sachet, Marina, Sarov, Mariana, Bonneville, Jean-François, Moulin, Thierry, Biondi, Alessandra, De Bustos Medeiros, Elisabeth, Vuillier, Fabrice, Courtheoux, Patrick, Viader, Fausto, Apoil-Brissard, Marion, Bataille, Mathieu, Bonnet, Anne-Laure, Cogez, Julien, Touze, Emmanuel, Leclerc, Xavier, Leys, Didier, Aggour, Mohamed, Aguettaz, Pierre, Bodenant, Marie, Cordonnier, Charlotte, Deplanque, Dominique, Girot, Marie, Henon, Hilde, Kalsoum, Erwah, Lucas, Christian, Pruvo, Jean-Pierre, Zuniga, Paolo, Arquizan, Caroline, Costalat, Vincent, Machi, Paolo, Mourand, Isabelle, Riquelme, Carlos, Bounolleau, Pierre, Arteaga, Charles, Faivre, Anthony, Bintner, Marc, Tournebize, Patrice, Charlin, Cyril, Darcel, Françoise, Gauthier-Lasalarie, Pascale, Jeremenko, Marcia, Mouton, Servane, Zerlauth, Jean-Baptiste, Lamy, Chantal, Hervé, Deramond, Hassan, Hosseini, Gaston, André, Barral, Francis-Guy, Garnier, Pierre, Beaujeux, Rémy, Wolff, Valérie, Herbreteau, Denis, Debiais, Séverine, Murray, Alicia, Ford, Gary, Muir, Keith W, White, Philip, Brown, Martin M, Clifton, Andy, Freeman, Janet, Ford, Ian, Markus, Hugh, Wardlaw, Joanna, Molyneux, Andy, Robinson, Thompson, Lewis, Steff, Norrie, John, Robertson, Fergus, Perry, Richard, Dixit, Anand, Cloud, Geoffrey, Clifton, Andrew, Madigan, Jeremy, Roffe, Christine, Nayak, Sanjeev, Lobotesis, Kyriakos, Smith, Craig, Herwadkar, Amit, Kandasamy, Naga, Goddard, Tony, Bamford, John, Subramanian, Ganesh, Lenthall, Rob, Littleton, Edward, Lamin, Sal, Storey, Kelley, Ghatala, Rita, Banaras, Azra, Aeron-Thomas, John, Hazel, Bath, Maguire, Holly, Veraque, Emelda, Harrison, Louise, Keshvara, Rekha, Cunningham, James, Campbell, Bruce C V, van Zwam, Wim H, Menon, Bijoy K, Dippel, Diederik W J, Demchuk, Andrew M, Bracard, Serge, Dávalos, Antoni, Majoie, Charles B L M, Ford, Gary A, de la Ossa, Natalia Pérez, Kelly, Michael, Bourcier, Romain, Roos, Yvo B W E M, Bang, Oh Young, Nogueira, Raul G, Devlin, Thomas G, Clarençon, Frédéric, Burns, Paul, Carpenter, Jeffrey, Yavagal, Dileep R, Pereira, Vitor Mendes, Quesada, Helena, Epstein, Jonathan, Rubiera, Marta, Urra, Xabier, Micard, Emilien, Brown, Scott, Guillemin, Francis, van Oostenbrugge, Robert J, Jovin, Tudor G, and Hill, Michael D
Published: 2018
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136. Identifying axion conversion in compact star magnetospheres with radio-wave polarization signatures

Author: Xue, Z. H., primary, Lee, K. J., additional, Gao, X. D., additional, and Xu, R. X., additional
Published: 2023
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137. The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and Comparative Analysis within the Family Poaceae

Author: Raveendar, S., Lee, G. A., Lee, K. J., Shin, M. J., Lee, J. R., Lee, S. Y., Cho, G. T., Ma, K. H., and Chung, J. W.
Published: 2019
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138. Longitudinal Preterm Cerebellar Volume: Perinatal and Neurodevelopmental Outcome Associations

Author: Matthews, Lillian G., Inder, T. E., Pascoe, L., Kapur, K., Lee, K. J., Monson, B. B., Doyle, L. W., Thompson, D. K., and Anderson, P. J.
Published: 2018
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139. Split-Ring Springback Simulations with the Non-associated Flow Rule and Evolutionary Elastic-Plasticity Models

Author: Lee, K. J., Choi, Y., Choi, H. J., Lee, J. Y., and Lee, M. G.
Published: 2018
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140. Strong and weak pulsar radio emission due to thunderstorms and raindrops of particles in the magnetosphere

Author: Chen, X., primary, Yan, Y., additional, Han, J. L., additional, Wang, C., additional, Wang, P. F., additional, Jing, W. C., additional, Lee, K. J., additional, Zhang, B., additional, Xu, R. X., additional, Wang, T., additional, Yang, Z. L., additional, Su, W. Q., additional, Cai, N. N., additional, Wang, W. Y., additional, Qiao, G. J., additional, Xu, J., additional, and Zhou, D. J., additional
Published: 2023
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141. Variable scintillation arcs of millisecond pulsars observed with the Large European Array for Pulsars

Author: Main, R A, primary, Antoniadis, J, additional, Chen, S, additional, Cognard, I, additional, Hu, H, additional, Jang, J, additional, Karuppusamy, R, additional, Kramer, M, additional, Liu, K, additional, Liu, Y, additional, Mall, G, additional, McKee, J W, additional, Mickaliger, M B, additional, Perrodin, D, additional, Sanidas, S A, additional, Stappers, B W, additional, Sprenger, T, additional, Wucknitz, O, additional, Bassa, C G, additional, Burgay, M, additional, Concu, R, additional, Gaikwad, M, additional, Janssen, G H, additional, Lee, K J, additional, Melis, A, additional, Pilia, M, additional, Possenti, A, additional, Wang, L, additional, and Zhu, W W, additional
Published: 2023
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142. The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array IV. Search for continuous gravitational wave signals

Author: Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Ferranti, I., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Manzini, S., Mickaliger, M. B., Nitu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Rana, P., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, Joris, Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z., AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102))
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the results of a search for continuous gravitational wave signals (CGWs) in the second data release (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) collaboration. The most significant candidate event from this search has a gravitational wave frequency of 4-5 nHz. Such a signal could be generated by a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) in the local Universe. We present the results of a follow-up analysis of this candidate using both Bayesian and frequentist methods. The Bayesian analysis gives a Bayes factor of 4 in favor of the presence of the CGW over a common uncorrelated noise process, while the frequentist analysis estimates the p-value of the candidate to be 1%, also assuming the presence of common uncorrelated red noise. However, comparing a model that includes both a CGW and a gravitational wave background (GWB) to a GWB only, the Bayes factor in favour of the CGW model is only 0.7. Therefore, we cannot conclusively determine the origin of the observed feature, but we cannot rule it out as a CGW source. We present results of simulations that demonstrate that data containing a weak gravitational wave background can be misinterpreted as data including a CGW and vice versa, providing two plausible explanations of the EPTA DR2 data. Further investigations combining data from all PTA collaborations will be needed to reveal the true origin of this feature., 12 figures, 15 pages, to be submitted
Published: 2023

143. Prospective randomized comparison of cerebrospinal fluid aspiration and conventional popping methods using 27-gauge spinal needles in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia

Author: Han, J. U., Kim, B. G., Yang, C., Choi, W. H., Jeong, J., Lee, K. J., and Kim, H.
Published: 2020
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144. VAGINAL LEIOMYOMA: A CASE REPORT: EP1167

Author: Lee, N W, Kim, Y Z, Min, J K, Lee, K J, and Song, J Y
Published: 2019
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145. Practical approaches to analyzing PTA data: Cosmic strings with six pulsars

Author: Quelquejay Leclere, H, Auclair, P, Babak, S, Chalumeau, A, Steer, D, Antoniadis, J, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Graikou, E, Griessmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Nitu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, Van Der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Quelquejay Leclere H., Auclair P., Babak S., Chalumeau A., Steer D. A., Antoniadis J., Nielsen A. -S. B., Bassa C. G., Berthereau A., Bonetti M., Bortolas E., Brook P. R., Burgay M., Caballero R. N., Champion D. J., Chanlaridis S., Chen S., Cognard I., Desvignes G., Falxa M., Ferdman R. D., Franchini A., Gair J. R., Goncharov B., Graikou E., Griessmeier J. -M., Guillemot L., Guo Y. J., Hu H., Iraci F., Izquierdo-Villalba D., Jang J., Jawor J., Janssen G. H., Jessner A., Karuppusamy R., Keane E. F., Keith M. J., Kramer M., Krishnakumar M. A., Lackeos K., Lee K. J., Liu K., Liu Y., Lyne A. G., McKee J. W., Main R. A., Mickaliger M. B., Nitu I. C., Parthasarathy A., Perera B. B. P., Perrodin D., Petiteau A., Porayko N. K., Possenti A., Samajdar A., Sanidas S. A., Sesana A., Shaifullah G., Speri L., Spiewak R., Stappers B. W., Susarla S. C., Theureau G., Tiburzi C., Van Der Wateren E., Vecchio A., Krishnan V. V., Wang J., Wang L., Wu Z., Quelquejay Leclere, H, Auclair, P, Babak, S, Chalumeau, A, Steer, D, Antoniadis, J, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Graikou, E, Griessmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Nitu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, Van Der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Quelquejay Leclere H., Auclair P., Babak S., Chalumeau A., Steer D. A., Antoniadis J., Nielsen A. -S. B., Bassa C. G., Berthereau A., Bonetti M., Bortolas E., Brook P. R., Burgay M., Caballero R. N., Champion D. J., Chanlaridis S., Chen S., Cognard I., Desvignes G., Falxa M., Ferdman R. D., Franchini A., Gair J. R., Goncharov B., Graikou E., Griessmeier J. -M., Guillemot L., Guo Y. J., Hu H., Iraci F., Izquierdo-Villalba D., Jang J., Jawor J., Janssen G. H., Jessner A., Karuppusamy R., Keane E. F., Keith M. J., Kramer M., Krishnakumar M. A., Lackeos K., Lee K. J., Liu K., Liu Y., Lyne A. G., McKee J. W., Main R. A., Mickaliger M. B., Nitu I. C., Parthasarathy A., Perera B. B. P., Perrodin D., Petiteau A., Porayko N. K., Possenti A., Samajdar A., Sanidas S. A., Sesana A., Shaifullah G., Speri L., Spiewak R., Stappers B. W., Susarla S. C., Theureau G., Tiburzi C., Van Der Wateren E., Vecchio A., Krishnan V. V., Wang J., Wang L., and Wu Z.
Published: 2023

146. Second Data Release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: Challenging the Ultralight Dark Matter Paradigm

Author: Smarra, C, Goncharov, B, Barausse, E, Antoniadis, J, Babak, S, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Leclere, H, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Smarra, Clemente, Goncharov, Boris, Barausse, Enrico, Antoniadis, J., Babak, S., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Desvignes, G., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Stappers, B. W., Susarla, S. C., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Smarra, C, Goncharov, B, Barausse, E, Antoniadis, J, Babak, S, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Leclere, H, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Smarra, Clemente, Goncharov, Boris, Barausse, Enrico, Antoniadis, J., Babak, S., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Desvignes, G., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Stappers, B. W., Susarla, S. C., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Wang, J., Wang, L., and Wu, Z.
Published: 2023

147. The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array. III. Search for gravitational wave signals

Author: Antoniadis, J, Arumugam, P, Arumugam, S, Babak, S, Bagchi, M, Bak Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Bathula, A, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Dandapat, S, Deb, D, Desai, S, Desvignes, G, Dhanda-Batra, N, Dwivedi, C, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Gopakumar, A, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Gupta, Y, Hisano, S, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Joshi, B, Kareem, F, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kharbanda, D, Kikunaga, T, Kolhe, N, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Maan, Y, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Nobleson, K, Paladi, A, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Prabu, T, Quelquejay Leclere, H, Rana, P, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Singha, J, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Srivastava, A, Stappers, B, Surnis, M, Susarla, S, Susobhanan, A, Takahashi, K, Tarafdar, P, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Venkatraman Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Bak Nielsen, A. -S., Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Quelquejay Leclere, H., Rana, P., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Venkatraman Krishnan, V., Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Antoniadis, J, Arumugam, P, Arumugam, S, Babak, S, Bagchi, M, Bak Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Bathula, A, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Dandapat, S, Deb, D, Desai, S, Desvignes, G, Dhanda-Batra, N, Dwivedi, C, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Gopakumar, A, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Gupta, Y, Hisano, S, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Joshi, B, Kareem, F, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kharbanda, D, Kikunaga, T, Kolhe, N, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Maan, Y, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Nobleson, K, Paladi, A, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Prabu, T, Quelquejay Leclere, H, Rana, P, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Singha, J, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Srivastava, A, Stappers, B, Surnis, M, Susarla, S, Susobhanan, A, Takahashi, K, Tarafdar, P, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Venkatraman Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Bak Nielsen, A. -S., Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Quelquejay Leclere, H., Rana, P., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Venkatraman Krishnan, V., Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., and Wu, Z.
Abstract: We present the results of the search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies using the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) for 25 millisecond pulsars and a combination with the first data release of the Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA). A robust GWB detection is conditioned upon resolving the Hellings-Downs angular pattern in the pairwise cross-correlation of the pulsar timing residuals. Additionally, the GWB is expected to yield the same (common) spectrum of temporal correlations across pulsars, which is used as a null hypothesis in the GWB search. Such a common-spectrum process has already been observed in pulsar timing data. We analysed (i) the full 24.7-year EPTA data set, (ii) its 10.3-year subset based on modern observing systems, (iii) the combination of the full data set with the first data release of the InPTA for ten commonly timed millisecond pulsars, and (iv) the combination of the 10.3-year subset with the InPTA data. These combinations allowed us to probe the contributions of instrumental noise and interstellar propagation effects. With the full data set, we find marginal evidence for a GWB, with a Bayes factor of four and a false alarm probability of 4%. With the 10.3-year subset, we report evidence for a GWB, with a Bayes factor of 60 and a false alarm probability of about 0.1% (3significance). The addition of the InPTA data yields results that are broadly consistent with the EPTA-only data sets, with the benefit of better noise modelling. Analyses were performed with different data processing pipelines to test the consistency of the results from independent software packages. The latest EPTA data from new generation observing systems show non-negligible evidence for the GWB. At the same time, the inferred spectrum is rather uncertain and in mild tension with the common signal measured in the full data set. However, if the spectral index is fixed at 13/3, the two data sets
Published: 2023

148. The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: I. The dataset and timing analysis

Author: Antoniadis, J, Babak, S, Bak Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Graikou, E, Grieaßmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Quelquejay Leclere, H, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, Van Der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Venkatraman Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis J., Babak S., Bak Nielsen A. S., Bassa C. G., Berthereau A., Bonetti M., Bortolas E., Brook P. R., Burgay M., Caballero R. N., Chalumeau A., Champion D. J., Chanlaridis S., Chen S., Cognard I., Desvignes G., Falxa M., Ferdman R. D., Franchini A., Gair J. R., Goncharov B., Graikou E., Grieaßmeier J. M., Guillemot L., Guo Y. J., Hu H., Iraci F., Izquierdo-Villalba D., Jang J., Jawor J., Janssen G. H., Jessner A., Karuppusamy R., Keane E. F., Keith M. J., Kramer M., Krishnakumar M. A., Lackeos K., Lee K. J., Liu K., Liu Y., Lyne A. G., McKee J. W., Main R. A., Mickaliger M. B., Niţu I. C., Parthasarathy A., Perera B. B. P., Perrodin D., Petiteau A., Porayko N. K., Possenti A., Quelquejay Leclere H., Samajdar A., Sanidas S. A., Sesana A., Shaifullah G., Speri L., Spiewak R., Stappers B. W., Susarla S. C., Theureau G., Tiburzi C., Van Der Wateren E., Vecchio A., Venkatraman Krishnan V., Verbiest J. P. W., Wang J., Wang L., Wu Z., Antoniadis, J, Babak, S, Bak Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Desvignes, G, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Graikou, E, Grieaßmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Quelquejay Leclere, H, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Stappers, B, Susarla, S, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, Van Der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Venkatraman Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis J., Babak S., Bak Nielsen A. S., Bassa C. G., Berthereau A., Bonetti M., Bortolas E., Brook P. R., Burgay M., Caballero R. N., Chalumeau A., Champion D. J., Chanlaridis S., Chen S., Cognard I., Desvignes G., Falxa M., Ferdman R. D., Franchini A., Gair J. R., Goncharov B., Graikou E., Grieaßmeier J. M., Guillemot L., Guo Y. J., Hu H., Iraci F., Izquierdo-Villalba D., Jang J., Jawor J., Janssen G. H., Jessner A., Karuppusamy R., Keane E. F., Keith M. J., Kramer M., Krishnakumar M. A., Lackeos K., Lee K. J., Liu K., Liu Y., Lyne A. G., McKee J. W., Main R. A., Mickaliger M. B., Niţu I. C., Parthasarathy A., Perera B. B. P., Perrodin D., Petiteau A., Porayko N. K., Possenti A., Quelquejay Leclere H., Samajdar A., Sanidas S. A., Sesana A., Shaifullah G., Speri L., Spiewak R., Stappers B. W., Susarla S. C., Theureau G., Tiburzi C., Van Der Wateren E., Vecchio A., Venkatraman Krishnan V., Verbiest J. P. W., Wang J., Wang L., and Wu Z.
Abstract: Pulsar timing arrays offer a probe of the low-frequency gravitational wave spectrum (1"100 nHz), which is intimately connected to a number of markers that can uniquely trace the formation and evolution of the Universe. We present the dataset and the results of the timing analysis from the second data release of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA). The dataset contains high-precision pulsar timing data from 25 millisecond pulsars collected with the five largest radio telescopes in Europe, as well as the Large European Array for Pulsars. The dataset forms the foundation for the search for gravitational waves by the EPTA, presented in associated papers. We describe the dataset and present the results of the frequentist and Bayesian pulsar timing analysis for individual millisecond pulsars that have been observed over the last ~25 yr. We discuss the improvements to the individual pulsar parameter estimates, as well as new measurements of the physical properties of these pulsars and their companions. This data release extends the dataset from EPTA Data Release 1 up to the beginning of 2021, with individual pulsar datasets with timespans ranging from 14 to 25 yr. These lead to improved constraints on annual parallaxes, secular variation of the orbital period, and Shapiro delay for a number of sources. Based on these results, we derived astrophysical parameters that include distances, transverse velocities, binary pulsar masses, and annual orbital parallaxes.
Published: 2023

149. The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array. II. Customised pulsar noise models for spatially correlated gravitational waves

Author: Antoniadis, J, Arumugam, P, Arumugam, S, Babak, S, Bagchi, M, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Bathula, A, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Dandapat, S, Deb, D, Desai, S, Desvignes, G, Dhanda-Batra, N, Dwivedi, C, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Gopakumar, A, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Gupta, Y, Hisano, S, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Joshi, B, Kareem, F, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kharbanda, D, Kikunaga, T, Kolhe, N, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Maan, Y, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Nobleson, K, Paladi, A, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Prabu, T, Leclere, H, Rana, P, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Singha, J, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Srivastava, A, Stappers, B, Surnis, M, Susarla, S, Susobhanan, A, Takahashi, K, Tarafdar, P, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Rana, P., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Antoniadis, J, Arumugam, P, Arumugam, S, Babak, S, Bagchi, M, Nielsen, A, Bassa, C, Bathula, A, Berthereau, A, Bonetti, M, Bortolas, E, Brook, P, Burgay, M, Caballero, R, Chalumeau, A, Champion, D, Chanlaridis, S, Chen, S, Cognard, I, Dandapat, S, Deb, D, Desai, S, Desvignes, G, Dhanda-Batra, N, Dwivedi, C, Falxa, M, Ferdman, R, Franchini, A, Gair, J, Goncharov, B, Gopakumar, A, Graikou, E, Grießmeier, J, Guillemot, L, Guo, Y, Gupta, Y, Hisano, S, Hu, H, Iraci, F, Izquierdo-Villalba, D, Jang, J, Jawor, J, Janssen, G, Jessner, A, Joshi, B, Kareem, F, Karuppusamy, R, Keane, E, Keith, M, Kharbanda, D, Kikunaga, T, Kolhe, N, Kramer, M, Krishnakumar, M, Lackeos, K, Lee, K, Liu, K, Liu, Y, Lyne, A, Mckee, J, Maan, Y, Main, R, Mickaliger, M, Niţu, I, Nobleson, K, Paladi, A, Parthasarathy, A, Perera, B, Perrodin, D, Petiteau, A, Porayko, N, Possenti, A, Prabu, T, Leclere, H, Rana, P, Samajdar, A, Sanidas, S, Sesana, A, Shaifullah, G, Singha, J, Speri, L, Spiewak, R, Srivastava, A, Stappers, B, Surnis, M, Susarla, S, Susobhanan, A, Takahashi, K, Tarafdar, P, Theureau, G, Tiburzi, C, van der Wateren, E, Vecchio, A, Krishnan, V, Verbiest, J, Wang, J, Wang, L, Wu, Z, Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Niţu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Rana, P., Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., van der Wateren, E., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., and Wu, Z.
Abstract: Aims. The nanohertz gravitational wave background (GWB) is expected to be an aggregate signal of an ensemble of gravitational waves emitted predominantly by a large population of coalescing supermassive black hole binaries in the centres of merging galaxies. Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs), which are ensembles of extremely stable pulsars at approximately kiloparsec distances precisely monitored for decades, are the most precise experiments capable of detecting this background. However, the subtle imprints that the GWB induces on pulsar timing data are obscured by many sources of noise that occur on various timescales. These must be carefully modelled and mitigated to increase the sensitivity to the background signal. Methods. In this paper, we present a novel technique to estimate the optimal number of frequency coefficients for modelling achromatic and chromatic noise, while selecting the preferred set of noise models to use for each pulsar. We also incorporated a new model to fit for scattering variations in the Bayesian pulsar timing package temponest. These customised noise models enable a more robust characterisation of single-pulsar noise. We developed a software package based on tempo2 to create realistic simulations of European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) datasets that allowed us to test the efficacy of our noise modelling algorithms. Results. Using these techniques, we present an in-depth analysis of the noise properties of 25 millisecond pulsars (MSPs) that form the second data release (DR2) of the EPTA and investigate the effect of incorporating low-frequency data from the Indian Pulsar Timing Array collaboration for a common sample of ten MSPs. We used two packages, enterprise and temponest, to estimate our noise models and compare them with those reported using EPTA DR1. We find that, while in some pulsars we can successfully disentangle chromatic from achromatic noise owing to the wider frequency coverage in DR2, in others the noise models evolve in a much
Published: 2023

150. The second data release from the European Pulsar Timing Array: V. Implications for massive black holes, dark matter and the early Universe

Author: Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Auclair, P., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Barausse, E., Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Caprini, C., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Crisostomi, M., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Fastidio, F., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Gualandris, A., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Khizriev, T., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Middleton, H., Neronov, A., Nitu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Postnov, K., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Rana, P., Pol, A. Roper, Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Semikoz, D., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Smarra, C., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Steer, D. A., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., Truant, R. J., van der Wateren, E., Valtolina, S., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., Wu, Z., Antoniadis, J., Arumugam, P., Arumugam, S., Auclair, P., Babak, S., Bagchi, M., Nielsen, A. -S. Bak, Barausse, E., Bassa, C. G., Bathula, A., Berthereau, A., Bonetti, M., Bortolas, E., Brook, P. R., Burgay, M., Caballero, R. N., Caprini, C., Chalumeau, A., Champion, D. J., Chanlaridis, S., Chen, S., Cognard, I., Crisostomi, M., Dandapat, S., Deb, D., Desai, S., Desvignes, G., Dhanda-Batra, N., Dwivedi, C., Falxa, M., Fastidio, F., Ferdman, R. D., Franchini, A., Gair, J. R., Goncharov, B., Gopakumar, A., Graikou, E., Grießmeier, J. -M., Gualandris, A., Guillemot, L., Guo, Y. J., Gupta, Y., Hisano, S., Hu, H., Iraci, F., Izquierdo-Villalba, D., Jang, J., Jawor, J., Janssen, G. H., Jessner, A., Joshi, B. C., Kareem, F., Karuppusamy, R., Keane, E. F., Keith, M. J., Kharbanda, D., Khizriev, T., Kikunaga, T., Kolhe, N., Kramer, M., Krishnakumar, M. A., Lackeos, K., Lee, K. J., Liu, K., Liu, Y., Lyne, A. G., McKee, J. W., Maan, Y., Main, R. A., Mickaliger, M. B., Middleton, H., Neronov, A., Nitu, I. C., Nobleson, K., Paladi, A. K., Parthasarathy, A., Perera, B. B. P., Perrodin, D., Petiteau, A., Porayko, N. K., Possenti, A., Prabu, T., Postnov, K., Leclere, H. Quelquejay, Rana, P., Pol, A. Roper, Samajdar, A., Sanidas, S. A., Semikoz, D., Sesana, A., Shaifullah, G., Singha, J., Smarra, C., Speri, L., Spiewak, R., Srivastava, A., Stappers, B. W., Steer, D. A., Surnis, M., Susarla, S. C., Susobhanan, A., Takahashi, K., Tarafdar, P., Theureau, G., Tiburzi, C., Truant, R. J., van der Wateren, E., Valtolina, S., Vecchio, A., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Verbiest, J. P. W., Wang, J., Wang, L., and Wu, Z.
Abstract: The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) and Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA) collaborations have measured a low-frequency common signal in the combination of their second and first data releases respectively, with the correlation properties of a gravitational wave background (GWB). Such signal may have its origin in a number of physical processes including a cosmic population of inspiralling supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs); inflation, phase transitions, cosmic strings and tensor mode generation by non-linear evolution of scalar perturbations in the early Universe; oscillations of the Galactic potential in the presence of ultra-light dark matter (ULDM). At the current stage of emerging evidence, it is impossible to discriminate among the different origins. Therefore, in this paper, we consider each process separately, and investigate the implications of the signal under the hypothesis that it is generated by that specific process. We find that the signal is consistent with a cosmic population of inspiralling SMBHBs, and its relatively high amplitude can be used to place constraints on binary merger timescales and the SMBH-host galaxy scaling relations. If this origin is confirmed, this is the first direct evidence that SMBHBs merge in nature, adding an important observational piece to the puzzle of structure formation and galaxy evolution. As for early Universe processes, the measurement would place tight constraints on the cosmic string tension and on the level of turbulence developed by first-order phase transitions. Other processes would require non-standard scenarios, such as a blue-tilted inflationary spectrum or an excess in the primordial spectrum of scalar perturbations at large wavenumbers. Finally, a ULDM origin of the detected signal is disfavoured, which leads to direct constraints on the abundance of ULDM in our Galaxy., Comment: 31 pages, 23 figures, to be submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Published: 2023

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