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101. A Terminal Event

Author

Lai, Andrew R., primary, Sheu, Leslie, additional, Gensler, Lianne S., additional, McQuaid, Kenneth, additional, and Dhaliwal, Gurpreet, additional

Published
2019
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108. Adipose Tissue Exosomal Proteomic Profile Reveals a Role on Placenta Glucose Metabolism in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Author

Jayabalan, Nanthini, primary, Lai, Andrew, additional, Ormazabal, Valeska, additional, Adam, Stefanie, additional, Guanzon, Dominic, additional, Palma, Carlos, additional, Scholz-Romero, Katherin, additional, Lim, Ratana, additional, Jansson, Thomas, additional, McIntyre, Harold David, additional, Lappas, Martha, additional, and Salomon, Carlos, additional

Published
2018
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112. Proteomic Characterization of Transfusable Blood Components: Fresh Frozen Plasma, Cryoprecipitate, and Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Data-Independent Mass Spectrometry

Author

Hwang, Ji Hui, Lai, Andrew, Tung, John-Paul, Harkin, Damien G, Flower, Robert L, and Pecheniuk, Natalie M

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous collection of particles that play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication, primarily due to their ability to transport molecules, such as proteins. Thus, profiling EV-associated proteins offers insight into their biological effects. EVs can be isolated from various biological fluids, including donor blood components such as cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen plasma (FFP). In this study, we conducted a proteomic analysis of five single donor units of cryoprecipitate, FFP, and EVs derived from these blood components using a quantitative mass spectrometry approach. EVs were successfully isolated from both cryoprecipitate and FFP based on community guidelines. We identified and quantified approximately 360 proteins across all sample groups. Principal component analysis and heatmaps revealed that both cryoprecipitate and FFP are similar. Similarly, EVs derived from cryoprecipitate and FFP are comparable. However, they differ between the originating fluids and their derived EVs. Using the R-package MS-DAP, differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. The DEPs for all comparisons, when submitted for gene enrichment analysis, are involved in the complement and coagulation pathways. The protein profile generated from this study will have important clinical implications in increasing our knowledge of the proteins that are associated with EVs derived from blood components.

Published
2024
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113. Proteomic analysis of exosomes reveals an association between cell invasiveness and exosomal bioactivity on endothelial and mesenchymal cell migrationin vitro

Author

Sharma, Shayna, primary, Alharbi, Mona, additional, Kobayashi, Miharu, additional, Lai, Andrew, additional, Guanzon, Dominic, additional, Zuñiga, Felipe, additional, Ormazabal, Valeska, additional, Palma, Carlos, additional, Scholz-Romero, Katherin, additional, Rice, Gregory E., additional, Hooper, John D., additional, and Salomon, Carlos, additional

Published
2018
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123. The effect of surface conductance on lateral gated quantum devices in Si/SiGe heterostructures.

Author

Lin, Xi, Hu, Jingshi, Lai, Andrew P., Zhang, Zhenning, MacLean, Kenneth, Dillard, Colin, Xie, Ya-Hong, and Kastner, Marc A.

Subjects
QUANTUM dots, HETEROSTRUCTURES, SILICON, GERMANIUM, QUANTUM theory
Abstract

Quantum dots in Si/SiGe heterostructures are expected to have relatively long electron spin decoherence times, because of the low density of nuclear spins and the weak coupling between nuclear and electron spins. We provide experimental evidence suggesting that electron motion in a conductive layer parallel to the two-dimensional electron gas, possibly resulting from the donors used to dope the Si quantum well, is responsible for the well-known difficulty in achieving well-controlled dots in this system. Charge motion in the conductive layer can cause depletion on large length scales, making electron confinement in the dot impossible, and can give rise to noise that can overwhelm the single-electron charging signal. Results of capacitance versus gate bias measurements to characterize this conductive layer are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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130. Exosomes present in circulation of women with gestational diabetes mellitus carry a specific set of microRNAs associated with insulin resistant

Author

Guanzon, Dominic, primary, Jayabalan, Nanthini, additional, Palma, Carlos, additional, Nair, Soumyalekshmi, additional, Scholz-Romero, Katherin, additional, Kinhal, Vyjayanthi, additional, Lai, Andrew, additional, McIntyre, David, additional, Jansson, Thomas, additional, Rice, Gregory, additional, Lappas, Martha, additional, and Salomon, Carlos, additional

Published
2017
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135. Oxygen tension regulates the miRNA profile and bioactivity of exosomes released from extravillous trophoblast cells – Liquid biopsies for monitoring complications of pregnancy

Author

Truong, Grace, primary, Guanzon, Dominic, additional, Kinhal, Vyjayanthi, additional, Elfeky, Omar, additional, Lai, Andrew, additional, Longo, Sherri, additional, Nuzhat, Zarin, additional, Palma, Carlos, additional, Scholz-Romero, Katherin, additional, Menon, Ramkumar, additional, Mol, Ben W., additional, Rice, Gregory E., additional, and Salomon, Carlos, additional

Published
2017
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139. VALIDATION OF BONE MARROW FAT QUANTIFICATION IN THE PRESENCE OF TRABECULAR BONE USING MRI

Author

Gee, Christina S, Nguyen, Jennifer TK, Marquez, Candice J, Heunis, Julia, Lai, Andrew, Wyatt, Cory, Han, Misung, Kazakia, Galateia, Burghardt, Andrew J, Karampinos, Dimitrios C, Carballido-Gamio, Julio, and Krug, Roland

Subjects
Medical and Health Sciences, Sensitivity and Specificity, Phantoms, Article, Imaging, Computer-Assisted, Engineering, Bone Marrow, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Cadaver, Humans, Femur, Image Interpretation, Adiposity, validation, Tibia, Phantoms, Imaging, Reproducibility of Results, Organ Size, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, Tesla, Adipose Tissue, Physical Sciences, Biomedical Imaging, bone marrow fat content, fat quantification
Abstract

BackgroundTo validate six-echo, chemical-shift based MRI with T2 * correction for the quantification of bone marrow fat content in the presence of trabecular bone.MethodsTen bone phantoms were made using trabecular bone cores extracted from the distal femur and proximal tibia of 20 human cadaveric knees. Bone marrow was removed from the cores and the marrow spaces were filled with water-fat gelatin to mimic bone marrow of known fat fractions. A chemical-shift based water-fat separation method with T2 * correction was used to generate fat fraction maps. The proton density fat fractions (PDFF) between marrow regions with and without bone were compared with the reference standard of known fat fraction using the squared Pearson correlation coefficient and unpaired t-test.ResultsStrong correlations were found between the known fat fraction and measured PDFF in marrow without trabecular bone (R(2) = 0.99; slope = 0.99, intercept = 0.94) as well as in marrow with trabecular bone (R(2) = 0.97; slope = 1.0, intercept = -3.58). Measured PDFF between regions with and without bone were not significantly different (P = 0.5). However, PDFF was systematically underestimated by -3.2% fat fraction in regions containing trabecular bone.ConclusionOur implementation of a six-echo chemical-shift based MRI pulse sequence with T2 * correction provided an accurate means of determining fat content in bone marrow in the presence of trabecular bone.

Published
2014

141. An Effective Video Analysis Method for Detecting Red Light Runners

Author

Yung, Nelson H. C. and Lai, Andrew H. S.

Subjects
Traffic regulations -- Management, Electronic surveillance -- Models, Electronic traffic controls -- Laws, regulations and rules, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries, Transportation industry
Abstract

This paper presents a novel method for automatic red light runner detection on a video, which is fundamentally different from the concept of conventional red light camera systems. In principle, it extracts the state of the traffic lights and vehicle motions without any physical or electronic interconnections to the traffic light control system or the buried loop detectors. Purely from the video, the new method first constructs a traffic light sequence and then it estimates vehicle motions beyond the stop line while the light is red. In the former, the spatial and temporal relationships of individual traffic lights are utilized. In the latter, the concept of virtual loop detector has been introduced to emulate the physical loop detectors. A prototype was implemented based on this method and was tested in a number of field trials. The results show that the new method is able to detect multiple red light runners in multiple lanes. It is also capable of tolerating a number of hostile but realistic situation such as: 1) minimum number of traffic light; 2) pseudomotions due to shadows; 3) poor contrast; 4) pedestrian motions; and 5) turning vehicles. Index Terms--Motion estimation, red light camera, traffic light detection, video analysis.

Published
2001

142. Lane Detection by Orientation and Length Discrimination

Author

Lai, Andrew H. S. and Yung, Nelson H. C.

Subjects
Detection, Lane
Abstract

This paper describes a novel lane detection algorithm for visual traffic surveillance applications under the auspice of intelligent transportation systems. Traditional lane detection methods for vehicle navigation typically use spatial masks to isolate instantaneous lane information from on-vehicle camera images. When surveillance is concerned, complete lane and multiple lane information is essential for tracking vehicles and monitoring lane change frequency from overhead cameras, where traditional methods become inadequate. The algorithm presented in this paper extracts complete multiple lane information by utilizing prominent orientation and length features of lane markings and curb structures to discriminate against other minor features. Essentially, edges are first extracted from the background of a traffic sequence, then thinned and approximated by straight lines. From the resulting set of straight lines, orientation and length discriminations are carried out three-dimensionally with the aid of two-dimensional (2-D) to three-dimensional (3-D) coordinate transformation and K-means clustering. By doing so, edges with strong orientation and length affinity are retained and clustered, while short and isolated edges are eliminated. Overall, the merits of this algorithm are as follows. First, it works well under practical visual surveillance conditions. Second, using K-means for clustering offers a robust approach. Third, the algorithm is efficient as it only requires one image frame to determine the road center lines. Fourth, it computes multiple lane information simultaneously. Fifth, the center lines determined are accurate enough for the intended application. Index Terms--Camera parameter estimation, center line detection, edge detection, lane detection.

Published
2000

144. Severe H1N1-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Series

Author

Lai, Andrew R., Keet, Kevin, Yong, Celina M., and Diaz, Janet V.

Subjects
Acute respiratory distress syndrome -- Risk factors, Acute respiratory distress syndrome -- Research, Swine influenza -- Complications and side effects, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.11.004 Byline: Andrew R. Lai (a), Kevin Keet (b), Celina M. Yong (b), Janet V. Diaz (c) Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; ARDS; H1N1 influenza Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome resulting from novel influenza A virus (H1N1) infection remains uncommon. Author Affiliation: (a) Division of Hospital Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (b) Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (c) Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco Article Note: (footnote) Funding: None., Conflict of Interest: None., Authorship: All authors had access to the data and had a role in writing the manuscript.

Published
2010

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