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632 results on '"Krakoff, Jonathan A."'

102. The carbon isotope ratios of nonessential amino acids identify sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumers in a 12-wk inpatient feeding study of 32 men with varying SSB and meat exposures

Author

Johnson, Jessica J, primary, Shaw, Pamela A, additional, Oh, Eric J, additional, Wooller, Matthew J, additional, Merriman, Sean, additional, Yun, Hee Young, additional, Larsen, Thomas, additional, Krakoff, Jonathan, additional, Votruba, Susanne B, additional, and O’Brien, Diane M, additional

Published
2021
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109. The effect of insulin on net lipid oxidation predicts worsening of insulin resistance and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

Koska, Juraj, Ortega, Emilio, Bogardus, Clifton, Krakoff, Jonathan, and Bunt, Joy C.

Subjects
Lipid metabolism -- Research, Insulin resistance -- Research, Type 2 diabetes -- Research, Diabetes -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Suppression of lipid oxidation ([L.sub.ox]) by insulin is impaired in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here we tested whether high [L.sub.ox] represents a primary or acquired characteristic in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Hood-indirect calorimetry was performed under postabsorptive conditions and during a two-step hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rates in mU x [m.sup.-2] x [min.sup.-1]: 40 low and 400 high) in 465 Pima Indians: 317 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 117 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 31 with T2DM. The predictive effect of net lipid oxidation ([L.sub.ox]) on development of T2DM was assessed in 296 subjects (51 of whom developed T2DM), whereas the predictive effect of [L.sub.ox] on followup changes in insulin-mediated glucose disposal (M) and acute insulin response (AIR) was studied in 190 subjects with NGT at baseline. Cross-sectionally, after adjustment for age, sex, body fat (BF), and M low, Lox low was increased in T2DM compared with NGT and IGT subjects (P < 0.05). Prospectively, after adjustment for followup duration, age, sex, BF, M, and AIR, increased clamp [L.sub.ox] predicted T2DM [hazard rate ratios (95% CI): [L.sub.ox] low, 1.5 (1.1, 2.0), P < 0.01; Lox high, 1.3 (1.0, 1.8), P = 0.05]. High [L.sub.ox] low at baseline was also associated with subsequent worsening of M low (P = 0.04). These data indicate that the inability of insulin to suppress [L.sub.ox] may represent an early risk marker for insulin resistance and T2DM that is independent of adiposity, acute insulin secretion, and insulin action on glucose uptake. diabetes mellitus; euglycemic clamp; indirect calorimetry doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00662.2006

Published
2007

110. Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards (RICORS 1.0): A Guide to Conducting and Reporting Human Whole-Room Calorimeter Studies

Author

Chen, Kong Y., Chen, Kong Y., Smith, Steve, Ravussin, Eric, Krakoff, Jonathan, Plasqui, Guy, Tanaka, Shigeho, Murgatroyd, Peter, Brychta, Robert, Bock, Christopher, Carnero, Elvis, Schoffelen, Paul, Hatamoto, Yoichi, Rynders, Corey, Melanson, Edward L., Chen, Kong Y., Chen, Kong Y., Smith, Steve, Ravussin, Eric, Krakoff, Jonathan, Plasqui, Guy, Tanaka, Shigeho, Murgatroyd, Peter, Brychta, Robert, Bock, Christopher, Carnero, Elvis, Schoffelen, Paul, Hatamoto, Yoichi, Rynders, Corey, and Melanson, Edward L.

Abstract

Whole-room indirect calorimeters have been used to study human metabolism for more than a century. These studies have contributed substantial knowledge to the assessment of nutritional needs and the regulation of energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in humans. However, comparing results from studies conducted at different sites is challenging because of a lack of consistency in reporting technical performance, study design, and results. In May 2019, an expert panel was convened to consider minimal requirements for conducting and reporting the results of human whole-room indirect calorimeter studies. We propose Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards, version 1.0 (RICORS 1.0) to provide guidance to ensure consistency and facilitate meaningful comparisons of human energy metabolism studies across publications, laboratories, and clinical sites.

Published
2020

112. Effect of youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus on incidence of end-stage renal disease and mortality in young and middle-aged Pima Indians

Author

Pavkov, Meda E., Bennett, Peter H., Knowler, William C., Krakoff, Jonathan, Sievers, Maurice L., and Nelson, Robert G.

Subjects
Type 2 diabetes -- Complications and side effects, Kidney diseases -- Risk factors, Pimas -- Health aspects
Abstract

The impact of youth- and older-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus on the incidence of diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in Pima Indians is studied. It is observed that early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with substantially increased incidence of ESRD and mortality in middle age, with these outcomes largely due to the longer duration of diabetes mellitus by middle age in individuals diagnosed younger than age 20 years.

Published
2006

113. Cycling Efficiency during Incremental Cycle Ergometry after 24-hours of Overfeeding or Fasting

Author

Vinales, Karyne L, Schlögl, Mathias, Reinhardt, Martin, Thearle, Marie S, Krakoff, Jonathan, Piaggi, Paolo, University of Zurich, and Vinales, Karyne L

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Ergometry, 11221 Clinic for Geriatric Medicine, Medicine (miscellaneous), 610 Medicine & health, Hyperphagia, Article, Young Adult, Endocrinology, energy expenditure, Humans, exercise physiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Cross-Over Studies, 2701 Medicine (miscellaneous), Fasting, Healthy Volunteers, 1310 Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 2712 Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Energy Metabolism, Female, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 2916 Nutrition and Dietetics, obesity phenotypes
Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine whether net cycling efficiency (NET) is altered by 24-hour fasting or overfeeding and whether it correlates with dietary-related energy expenditure (EE) and future weight change.In a crossover design, healthy subjects fasted or were overfed for 24 hours while in a whole-room calorimeter using five diets with doubled energy needs: standard, high-carbohydrate (75%), high-fat (60%), high-protein (30%), and low-protein (3%) diets. Graded cycling exercise at low power outputs (10-25-50 W) was performed the day before and after each dietary intervention.NET did not change following any dietary intervention (all P 0.05 vs. 0). Individual changes in NET did not correlate with EE responses to dietary interventions. However, the change in NET after low-protein overfeeding was inversely correlated with baseline body fat (r = -0.60, P = 0.01); that is, NET increased in lean but decreased in overweight subjects (Δ = 0.010 ± 0.010 vs. -0.013 ± 0.009, P = 0.0003). Increased NET following the low-protein diet was associated with weight gain after 6 months (r = 0.60, P = 0.05).Despite no substantial effect of acute overfeeding or fasting on NET, the change in NET following low-protein overfeeding depends on adiposity and may influence weight change, suggesting that increased efficiency in a setting of protein scarcity is an adaptive response that may ultimately lead to weight gain.

Published
2017

132. Room Indirect Calorimetry Operating and Reporting Standards (RICORS 1.0): A Guide to Conducting and Reporting Human Whole‐Room Calorimeter Studies

Author

Chen, Kong Y., primary, Smith, Steve, additional, Ravussin, Eric, additional, Krakoff, Jonathan, additional, Plasqui, Guy, additional, Tanaka, Shigeho, additional, Murgatroyd, Peter, additional, Brychta, Robert, additional, Bock, Christopher, additional, Carnero, Elvis, additional, Schoffelen, Paul, additional, Hatamoto, Yoichi, additional, Rynders, Corey, additional, and Melanson, Edward L., additional

Published
2020
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133. Exome Sequencing Identifies A Nonsense Variant in DAO Associated With Reduced Energy Expenditure in American Indians

Author

Piaggi, Paolo, primary, Köroğlu, Çiğdem, additional, Nair, Anup K, additional, Sutherland, Jeff, additional, Muller, Yunhua L, additional, Kumar, Pankaj, additional, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, additional, Kobes, Sayuko, additional, Shuldiner, Alan R, additional, Kim, Hye In, additional, Gosalia, Nehal, additional, Van Hout, Cristopher V, additional, Jones, Marcus, additional, Knowler, William C, additional, Krakoff, Jonathan, additional, Hanson, Robert L, additional, Bogardus, Clifton, additional, and Baier, Leslie J, additional

Published
2020
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146. Reproducibility of ad libitum energy intake with the use of a computerized vending machine system

Author

Venti, Colleen A., Votruba, Susanne B., Franks, Paul W., Krakoff, Jonathan, and Salbe, Arline D.

Subjects
Food habits -- Health aspects, Food habits -- Research, Ingestion -- Health aspects, Ingestion -- Research, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Background: Accurate assessment of energy intake is difficult but critical for the evaluation of eating behavior and intervention effects. Consequently, methods to assess ad libitum energy intake under controlled conditions have been developed. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the reproducibility of ad libitum energy intake with the use of a computerized vending machine system. Design: Twelve individuals (mean [+ or -] SD: 36 [+ or -] 8 y old; 41 [+ or -] 8% body fat) consumed a weight-maintaining diet for 3 d; subsequently, they self-selected all food with the use of a computerized vending machine system for an additional 3 d. Mean daily energy intake was calculated from the actual weight of foods consumed and expressed as a percentage of weight-maintenance energy needs (%WMEN). Subjects repeated the study multiple times during 2 y. The within-person reproducibility of energy intake was determined through the calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between visits. Results: Daily energy intake for all subjects was 5020 [+ or -] 1753 kcal during visit 1 and 4855 [+ or -] 1615 kcal during visit 2. There were no significant associations between energy intake and body weight, body mass index, or percentage body fat while subjects used the vending machines, which indicates that intake was not driven by body size or need. Despite overconsumption (%WMEN = 181 [+ or -] 57%), the reproducibility of intake between visits, whether expressed as daily energy intake (ICC = 0.90), %WMEN (ICC = 0.86), weight of food consumed (ICC = 0.87), or fat intake (g/d; ICC = 0.87), was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Although ad libitum energy intake exceeded %WMEN, the within-person reliability of this intake across multiple visits was high, which makes this a reproducible method for the measurement of ad libitum intake in subjects who reside in a research unit. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00342732. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;91:343-8. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28315.

Published
2010

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