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Hong, S.-P., Green, K.A. and Luks, K.D., 1993. Phase equilibria of the mixtures methane + n-hexane + n-hexatriacontane, methane + toluene + naphthalene, and methane + n -hexane + naphthalene. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 87: 255-272. Solid-liquid-vapor phase equilibria for the binary mixtures methane + n-hexatriacontane and methane + naphthalene were measured using stoichiometric techniques. Also, methane solubilities in mixtures of n-hexane+n-hexatriacontane at 343.15 and 347.15 K, in mixtures of toluene + naphthalene at 323.15, 333.15, 343.15 and 351.30 K, and in mixtures of n-hexane + naphthalene at 351.30 K were measured. These phase equilibrium data can provide equation-of-state binary interaction parameters for methane + n-hexatriacontane and methane + naphthalene at temperatures below the heavier species' melting point, in which states these mixtures are normally solid-fluid systems. In addition, binary interaction parameters can be obtained from these data for the hydrocarbon pairs n-hexane + n-hexatriacontane, toluene + naphthalene, and n-hexane + naphthalene.

Certain complex, multicomponent mixtures can be represented as continuous distributions of species, typically expressed as a function of one or more parameters (such as carbon number) or physical properties. Rather than use a continuous distribution directly when performing flash calculations, one often uses quadrature to choose a set of discrete components (pseudocomponents) to mimic the distribution. We critically examine the validity of systematically updating the (quadrature) identification of n pseudocomponents during a multiple-contact process, in order to compensate for the changing compositional nature of the system. We show that updating procedures can produce computational results for a multiple-contact process that diverge from those one obtains using n pseudocomponents of fixed identification, where n is very large. As an illustration, the case of a semicontinuous live oil repeatedly contacted with fresh CO 2 is considered

Patton, C.L. and Luks, K.D., 1993. Multiphase equilibrium behavior of the mixture ethane + 1-decanol + n-docosane. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 85: 181-190. The phase equilibrium behavior of the liquid-liquid-vapor (11g) region of the mixture ethane + 1-decanol + n-docosane was examined. This ternary system was studied experimentally using visual-cell stoichiometric techniques with pressure discrimination of ±0.01 bar, accomplished by using a cell pressure transducer in conjunction with a dead-weight gauge. The three-phase region was located between the 11g loci of the binary mixtures ethane + 1-decanol and ethane + n-docosane and bounded below by a lower critical end point (1 = 1−g) locus and above by an upper critical end point (1−1 = g) locus. Phase compositions and molar volumes are reported for the two liquid phases along the 298.15 and 304.15 K isotherms. Separabilities between the liquid phases of the two solutes are presented and discussed for the two isotherms.

Green, K.A., Zhou, S. and Luks, K.D., 1993. The fractal response of robust solution techniques to the stationary point problem. Fluid Phase Equilibria 84: 49-78. The mathematical nature and physical significance of the stationary point problem, as related to the computation of phase equilibria, is reviewed. Robust (Newton) techniques are used to compute stationary points in composition space for three ternary systems: (1) a simple model of excess Gibbs energy; (2) a Type I van der Waals mixture at a temperature and pressure which does not have any real-root multiplicity when solving the cubic equation-of-state; (3) the same Type I van der Waals mixture at a temperature and pressure which has real-root multiplicity when solving the cubic equation-of-state. All three examples can exhibit fractal behavior with respect to the points of initiation of the robust solution technique. The occurrence and nature of the fractal patterns are a function of the location of the reference point of the solution search in the composition space.

Hong S.-P. and Luks K.D., 1992. Multiphase equilibria of the mixture carbon dioxide + toluene + naphthalene. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 74: 133-144. Solid-liquid-vapor (slg) phase equilibria for the ternary mixture CO2 + toluene + naphthalene are measured at temperatures below the binary slg locus of CO2 + naphthalene using a stoichiometric (visual cell) technique. Conjugate slg runs are performed so that the compositions and molar volumes of both fluid phases in the presence of the solid phase can be determined. These data can be useful for evaluating the equation-of-state parameters for CO2 + naphthalene as a component pair at temperatures below the latter species' melting point. The boundaries of the liquid-liquid-vapor region are also reported for the ternary mixture.

Patton, C.L., Green, K.A. and Luks, K.D., 1992. Analysis of the n-component n-phase equilibrium extremum problem. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 72: 267-275 The general condition for a pressure extremum in the n-component n-phase composition surface when projected onto pressure-temperature coordinates is identified. For n = 2, the physical situation is well known, being either the state of criticality (liquid = gas) or azeotropy (x1g = x11). For n > 2, it is shown that the extremum results from the existence of a linear relation between the compositions of the n phases, with azeotropy being a special case of that constraint.

Solid-liquid-vapor (SLV) phase equilibria for the ternary mixture C0 2 + n -hexane + n -hexatriacontane ( n -C 36 H 74 ) are measured at temperatures below the SLV locus of C0 2 + n -hexatriacontane using a stoichiometric (visual cell) technique. Conjugate runs are performed so that the compositions and molar volumes of both the fluid phases in the presence of the solid phase can be determined. These data can be useful for evaluating the equation-of-state parameters of the n-hexatriacontane as a fluid component at temperatures below its melting point.

The liquid-liquid-vapor (LLV) phase equilibria of the ternary mixture ethane + methanol + 1-decanol were experimentally studied by using a visual cell (stoichlometric) technique with pressure discrimination of ±0.01 bar, achieved by coupling a dead-weight gauge to the cell pressure transducer. The pressure, phase compositions, and molar volumes of the two liquid phases of the ternary LLV system are reported at 295.15 K

Extension jusqu'aux diametres 100 et 200 du domaine de la fonction de correlation paire obtenue par la solution de l'equation de Yvon-Born-Green, en utilisant un algorithme de convergence robuste. Completement de la cartiographie des branches pour les diametres 50 et 100 jusqu'a des valeurs de λ0=4πnσ 3 =20. Interpretation des resultats a l'aide de l'analyse de la multiplicite de solution

Liquid—liquid—vapor (LLV) phase equilibrium loci for the binary mixtures nitrous oxide + n-octanol, nitrous oxide + n-decanol and nitrous oxide + n-dodecanol were experimentally studied using a visual cell (stoichiometric) technique. The pressure, temperature, phase compositions and molar volumes of the two liquid phases are reported for all the mixtures. LLV locus end points are reported for all the nitrous oxide + n-alkanol mixtures from n-heptanol to n-hexadecanol; n-heptanol is the first member of the series to exhibit LLV immiscibility with nitrous oxide, while n-hexadecanol is the last. The mixture nitrous oxide + n-decanol exhibits two separate LLV loci.

Liquid-liquid-vapor (LLV) loci for the binary mixtures ethane + n-propanol, ethane + n-butanol, ethane + n-octanol and ethane + n-decanol are studied experimentally using a visual cell (stoichiometric) technique. The pressure, temperature, phase compositions and molar volumes of the two liquid phases are reported for all the mixtures. The vapor phase compositions and molar volumes of the mixtures ethane + n-propanol and ethane + n-butanol are also reported. LLV locus end points are reported for all the ethane + n-alkanol mixtures from ethanol to n-pentadecanol. A transition in the nature of the LLV locus occurs in the homologous series between n-decanol and n-undecanol. For n-undecanol and higher n-alkanols, the lower terminus of the LLV locus is a four-phase solid-liquid-liquid-vapor (SLLV) point, with the termination of LLV immiscibility occurring with n-pentadecanol. For n-decanol and lower n-alkanols to ethanol, the lower terminus is a lower critical end point, with the two liquid phases being critical.

We study constraints on new physics from Higgs production at the LHC in the context of an effective field theory (EFT) focusing on Higgs searches in HV (V=WZ) associated production which are particularly sensitive to the high energy behavior of certain dimension 6 operators. We show that analyses of these searches are generally dominated by a kinematic region where the generic EFT expansion breaks down and establish under which conditions they can nevertheless be meaningful. For example constraints from these searches on the Wilson coefficients of operators whose effects grow with energy can be established in scenarios where a particular combination of fermions and the Higgs are composite and strongly coupled: then bounds from Higgs physics at high energy are complementary to LEP1 and competitive with LEP2.

This report contains a comprehensive technical description of a new international research infrastructure, the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) Facility. It was written between October 2005 and June 2006 and provides a realistic cost estimate and a compelling assessment of the scientific pay-off. The report has been prepared with the contribution of hundreds of people from many laboratories in Europe and even beyond. Their contributions have been harmonised and merged by many editors, and the whole effort has been coordinated by the European Project Team, generously supported and hosted by the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) laboratory.

Adult animal cloning has progressed to allow the production of offspring cloned from adult cells, however many cloned calves die prenatally or shortly after birth. This study examined the expression of three important metabolic enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), citrate synthase, and phosphofructokinase (PFK), to determine if their detection in nuclear transfer (NT) embryos mimics that determined for in vitro produced embryos. A day 40 nuclear transfer produced fetus derived from an adult cell line was collected and fetal fibroblast cultures were established and maintained. Reconstructed NT embryos were then produced from this cell line, and RT-PCR was used to evaluate mRNA reprogramming. All three mRNAs encoding these enzymes were detected in the regenerated fetal fibroblast cell line. Detection patterns were first determined for IVF produced embryos (1-cell, 2-cell, 6-8 cell, morula, and blastocyst stages) to compare with their detection in NT embryos. PFK has three subunits: PFK-L, PFK-M, and PFK-P. PFK-L and PFK-P were not detected in bovine oocytes. PFK subunits were not detected in 6-8 cell embryos but were detected in blastocysts. Results from NT embryo RT-PCR demonstrated that PFK was not detected in 8-cell NT embryos but was detected in NT blastocysts indicating that proper nuclear reprogramming had occurred. Citrate synthase was detected in oocytes and throughout development to the blastocyst stage in both bovine IVF and NT embryos. LDH-A and LDH-B were detected in bovine oocytes and in all stages of IVF and NT embryos examined up to the blastocyst stage. A third subunit, LDH-C was not detected at the blastocyst stage in IVF or NT embryos but was detected in all earlier stages and in mature oocytes. In addition, LDH-C mRNA was detected in gonad isolated from the NT and an in vivo produced control fetus. These results indicate that the three metabolic enzymes maintain normal expression patterns and therefore must be properly reprogrammed following nuclear transfer.