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547 results on '"Korpi, Esa R."'

115. DECOMPRESSIVE CRANIECTOMY FOR INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE

Author

Marinkovic, Ivan, primary, Strbian, Daniel, additional, Pedrono, Eric, additional, Vekovischeva, Olga Y., additional, Shekhar, Shashank, additional, Durukan, Aysan, additional, Korpi, Esa R., additional, Abo-Ramadan, Usama, additional, and Tatlisumak, Turgut, additional

Published
2009
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120. Xenon Does Not Affect γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor Binding in Humans

Author

Salmi, Elina, primary, Laitio, Ruut M., additional, Aalto, Sargo, additional, Maksimow, Anu T., additional, Långsjö, Jaakko W., additional, Kaisti, Kaike K., additional, Aantaa, Riku, additional, Oikonen, Vesa, additional, Metsähonkala, Liisa, additional, Någren, Kjell, additional, Korpi, Esa R., additional, and Scheinin, Harry, additional

Published
2008
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123. From synapse to behavior: rapid modulation of defined neuronal types with engineered GABAA receptors

Author

Wulff, Peer, primary, Goetz, Thomas, additional, Leppä, Elli, additional, Linden, Anni-Maija, additional, Renzi, Massimiliano, additional, Swinny, Jerome D, additional, Vekovischeva, Olga Y, additional, Sieghart, Werner, additional, Somogyi, Peter, additional, Korpi, Esa R, additional, Farrant, Mark, additional, and Wisden, William, additional

Published
2007
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128. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Differential Long-Term Neuroadaptation After Methamphetamine and the Substituted Cathinone 4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone).

Author

den Hollander, Bjørnar, Dudek, Mateusz, Ojanperä, Ilkka, Kankuri, Esko, Hyytiä, Petri, and Korpi, Esa R.

Subjects
CATHINONE, METHAMPHETAMINE, MEPHEDRONE, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, MANGANESE, LABORATORY rats
Abstract

Background: In recent years there has been a large increase in the use of substituted cathinones such as mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone, 4-MMC), a psychostimulant drug that shows a strong resemblance to methamphetamine (METH). Unlike METH, which can produce clear long-term effects, the effects of 4-MMC have so far remained elusive. We employ manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), a highly sensitive method for detecting changes in neuronal activation, to investigate the effects of METH and 4-MMC on the brain. Methods: In Wistar rats we performed a MEMRI scan two weeks after binge treatments (twice daily for 4 consecutive days) of METH (5 mg/kg) or 4-MMC (30mg/kg). Furthermore, locomotor activity measurements and novel object recognition tests were performed. Results: METH produced a widespread pattern of decreased bilateral activity in several regions, including the nucleus accumbens, caudate putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, and hippocampus, as well as several other cortical and subcortical areas. Conversely, 4-MMC produced increased bilateral activity, anatomically limited to the hypothalamus and hippocampus. Drug treatments did not affect the development of locomotor sensitization or novel object recognition performance. Conclusions: The pattern of decreased brain activity seen after METH corresponds closely to regions known to be affected by this drug and confirms the validity of MEMRI for detecting neuroadaptation two weeks after amphetamine binge treatment. 4-MMC, unlike METH, produced increased activity in a limited number of different brain regions. This highlights an important difference in the long-term effects of these drugs on neural function and shows precisely the anatomical localization of 4-MMC-induced neuroadaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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129. GABAA receptor drugs and neuronal plasticity in reward and aversion: focus on the ventral tegmental area.

Author

Vashchinkina, Elena, Panhelainen, Anne, Aitta-aho, Teemu, Korpi, Esa R., Sanna, Enrico, and Trantham-Davidson, Heather

Subjects
GABA receptors, NEUROPLASTICITY, BENZODIAZEPINES, DOPAMINE, MESENCEPHALIC tegmentum
Abstract

GABAA receptors are the main fast inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain, and targets for many clinically important drugs widely used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, insomnia and in anesthesia. Nonetheless, there are significant risks associated with the long-term use of these drugs particularly related to development of tolerance and addiction. Addictive mechanisms of GABAA receptor drugs are poorly known, but recent findings suggest that those drugs may induce aberrant neuroadaptations in the brain reward circuitry. Recently, benzodiazepines, acting on synaptic GABAA receptors, and modulators of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors (THIP and neurosteroids) have been found to induce plasticity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons and their main target projections. Furthermore, depending whether synaptic or extrasynaptic GABAA receptor populations are activated, the behavioral outcome of repeated administration seems to correlate with rewarding or aversive behavioral responses, respectively. The VTA dopamine neurons project to forebrain centers such as the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex, and receive afferent projections from these brain regions and especially from the extended amygdala and lateral habenula, forming the major part of the reward and aversion circuitry. Both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABAA drugs inhibit the VTA GABAergic interneurons, thus activating the VTA DA neurons by disinhibition and this way inducing glutamatergic synaptic plasticity. However, the GABAA drugs failed to alter synaptic spine numbers as studied from Golgi-Cox-stained VTA dendrites. Since the GABAergic drugs are known to depress the brain metabolism and gene expression, their likely way of inducing neuroplasticity in mature neurons is by disinhibiting the principal neurons, which remains to be rigorously tested for a number of clinically important anxiolytics, sedatives and anesthetics in different parts of the circuitry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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135. The in Vivo Contributions of TASK-1-Containing Channels to the Actions of Inhalation Anesthetics, the α2 Adrenergic Sedative Dexmedetomidine, and Cannabinoid Agonists

Author

Linden, Anni-Maija, primary, Aller, M. Isabel, additional, Leppä, Elli, additional, Vekovischeva, Olga, additional, Aitta-aho, Teemu, additional, Veale, Emma L., additional, Mathie, Alistair, additional, Rosenberg, Per, additional, Wisden, William, additional, and Korpi, Esa R., additional

Published
2006
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