Search

Bayesian estimators and highest posterior density credible intervals are obtained for two popular inequality measures, viz. the Gini index and the Bonferroni index in the case of the Dagum distribution. The study considers informative and non-informative priors, i.e. the Mukherjee-Islam prior and the extension of Jeffrey’s prior, respectively, under the presumption of the Linear Exponential (LINEX) loss function. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out in order to obtain the relative efficiency of both the Gini and Bonferroni indices while taking into consideration different priors and loss functions. The estimated loss proves lower when using the Mukherjee-Islam prior in comparison to the extension of Jeffrey’s prior and the LINEX loss function outperforms the squared error loss function (SELF) in terms of the estimated loss. Highest posterior density credible intervals are also obtained for both these measures. The study used real-life data sets for illustration purposes.

Background The typology of word order in Hindi (Subject-Object-Verb, SOV) differs from that of English (Subject-Verb-Object, SVO). Bilinguals whose two languages have conflicting word order provide a unique opportunity to understand how word order affects language processing. Earlier behavioural and event-related brain potential (ERP) studies with Spanish-Basque bilinguals showed longer reading times and more errors in the comprehension of OSV sentences than SOV sentences in Basque language, indicating that non-canonical word orders (OSV) were difficult to process than canonical word order (SOV). Purpose This study was designed to explore how the difference in word order in Hindi and English languages affects N400 parameters in proficient Hindi−English bilinguals, using semantic congruity paradigm. Methods Twenty-five proficient Hindi−English bilingual subjects were asked to silently read the congruent and incongruent sentences presented in one word at a time in both the languages. ERPs were recorded from midline frontal, central and parietal sites. Results The mean amplitude of the N400 effect at the parietal sites in Hindi−English proficient bilinguals was larger for English than for Hindi but there was no significant difference in the N400 latencies. Conclusion Hindi−English bilingual subjects processed SOV and SVO sentences with equal ease as evidenced by the N400 latencies. Higher amplitude of the N400 effect with English sentences indicate that placing ‘Object’ as the final word makes sentences more predictable than verb as the final word. Understanding the word order difference might help to unravel the neurophysiological mechanisms of language comprehension and may offer some insights in terms of functional advantage of a particular word order in bilinguals.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark feature of cancer. CIN, a source of genetic variation in either altered chromosome number or structure contributes to tumor heterogeneity and has become a hot topic in recent years prominently for its role in therapeutic responses. Synthetic lethality and synthetic rescue based approaches, for example, advancing CRISPR-Cas9 platform, are emerging as a powerful strategy to identify new potential targets to selectively eradicate cancer cells. Unfortunately, only few of them are further explored therapeutically due to the difficulty in linking these targets to small molecules for pharmacological intervention. This, however, can be alleviated by the efforts to bring chemical, bioactivity, and genomic data together, as well as established computational approaches. In this chapter, we will discuss some of these advances, including established databases and in silico target-ligand prediction, with the aim to navigate through the synthetically available chemical space to the biologically targetable landscape, and eventually, to the chemical modeling of synthetic lethality and synthetic rescue interactions, that are of great clinical and pharmaceutical relevance and significance.

Dans un contexte de crise de la reproduction sociale, d'appauvrissement et d’inégalités croissantes, découlant du système capitaliste néo-libéral et financiarisé, des initiatives d'économie solidaire émergent et bouillonnent, à différents niveaux. Elles agissent pour le changement et constituent des voies de résistance au capitalisme et à ses conséquences destructrices. Ce livre présente des réflexions et des pratiques dans le domaine de l'économie solidaire. Il innove particulièrement en dé...

Dans un contexte de crise de la reproduction sociale, d'appauvrissement et d’inégalités croissantes, des myriades d'initiatives menées par des femmes émergent, se connectent et se transforment en force politique. Souvent en marge des circuits officiels, elles agissent à bas bruit mais elles fourmillent, essaiment, bouillonnent. Elles réorganisent et politisent la reproduction sociale, elles redéfinissent le sens du travail et de la valeur, elles explorent de nouvelles façons de faire de l'économie et de la politique, elles construisent des rapports sociaux solidaires et luttent contre leur subordination et pour leurs droits. Ce faisant, elles expriment des pratiques de résistance et agissent pour un changement social féministeet durable. Ce livre explore des pratiques menées par des groupes de femmes dans six régionsd’Amérique latine et d’Inde, en éclairant leurs luttes multiples, leurs fragilités mais aussi leurs forces et leurs réalisations. Il innove en proposant une analyse féministe qui renouvelle en profondeur les perspectives sur l’économie solidaire. Il revisite les débats empiriques et théoriques, mais aussi politiques, sur la reproduction sociale. Repenser la valeur et réorganiser la reproduction sociale dans une perspective solidaire se révèle en effet incontournable pour lutter contre les effets destructeurs et déshumanisants du système capitaliste global patriarcal. En ces temps de profonds bouleversements et d’incertitudes, ce livre offre une lueur d'espoir face aux crises écologique, économique, sociale et démocratique qui secouent l’ensemble de la planète.

The paper develops Bayesian estimators and HPD intervals for the stress strength reliability of generalised inverted exponential distribution using upper record values. For prior distribution, informative prior as well as non-informative prior both are considered. The Bayes estimators are obtained under both symmetric and asymmetric loss functions. A simulation study is conducted to obtain the Bayes estimates of stress strength reliability. Simulated data sets are also considered here for illustration purpose.

The paper develops Bayesian estimators and credible intervals for the reliability function and hazard rate function of Topp-Leone distribution under Type-II censored data by considering informative...

Introduction There have been a number of studies reporting on psychopathology of schizophrenia from South Asia, with the last study being reported about twenty five years back. The present study reports the clinical profile and frequency of symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and discusses the changing trends in psychopathology. Material and Method Three hundred and thirty two patients with schizophrenia, aged 16-55, diagnosed as per DSM-IV-TR, were assessed for psychopathology on operational criteria OPCRIT checklist. The findings were compared with the previous studies on psychopathology of schizophrenia reported from South Asia. Results Delusions (82.8%) followed by hallucinations (69.9%) were the most frequent psychopathology. First rank symptoms (FRS) were present in about three fourth of the subjects. Third person auditory hallucinations (68.6%) were the most common and thought echo (2.9%) was the least common FRS. One FRS was present in 31.7%, two in 24.7%, three in 17.7% and four in 6.8% of the subjects having FRS. A comparison with studies A comparison revealed that the prevalence of FRS were inbetween those reported in studies from Pakistan and India but higher than in the samples evaluated in Sri Lanka. Conclusion Delusions and hallucinations with persecutory themes and FRS continue to be a common symptom in patients with schizophrenia.

Multilevel converter is the high-tech technology for high power medium voltage applications. Inverters are made up off power electronic devices that convert DC quantity into AC quantity. But these devices harvest non-sinusoidal signal and this signal holds harmonics. So as to overcome this problem a multilevel inverter especially in our case we have developed a cascaded multilevel inverter (CMLI) topology in 31-level. We have drafted the recommended inverter topology with the minimum switch count and lower total harmonic distortion [THD]

Additional File 2. (PPTX 2407 kb)

International audience

Additional File 1.

Microcredit/finance programmes have inspired substantial critical research examining their claims to effectively address concerns of poverty, empowerment of (largely) female clients and institutional viability or financial self-sufficiency of the lending institution. Research on microcredit programmes, especially Grameen-styled programmes operating in Bangladesh (home to some of the largest and oldest microcredit programmes) has demonstrated that the institutional structures by which microcre...