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Millennials are a substantial segment of the workforce; they are perceived to be driven by higher pay, quick to be dissatisfied and leave a job, and committed to volunteering. This article examines how these perceptions translate to job mobility in terms of job switching within and across sectors, without drawing cross-generation comparisons. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort (NLSY97) from 2008 to 2013, we notice a trend among millennials of frequent job switching within rather than across sectors. Job dissatisfaction is the strongest predictor of public-sector employees switching jobs within the sector. For sector switching, we find some variation: Low pay corresponds with exiting the nonprofit sector, whereas job dissatisfaction is the strongest predictor of leaving the public sector. Millennials working in the public and nonprofit sectors are less likely to switch sectors if they volunteer. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employees are essential for the effective delivery of public services. Interest in human resource management (HRM) has increased, yet we still have much to learn about the contextually specific aspects of the HRM process in public and nonprofit organizations—how these functions work, what are model practices, and how practices are shaped by organizational and job contexts in the public service. At the same time, research on public service motivation (PSM) has rapidly expanded to understand the unique drive of individuals to serve the public, but like HRM, there are many debates and questions that remain unanswered. We discuss challenges facing both HRM and PSM research and call for a greater examination of PSM in the context of HRM. We do so by focusing on two aspects of the HRM process – job design and recruitment and selection – to see what lessons we have learned from PSM research to date in these areas and what questions arise with avenues for future research to connect PSM and HRM to inform research and practice. We know HRM matters and we know PSM matters but we know little about whether or how to incorporate PSM into HRM processes, policies, and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article argues that the New York Police Department's (NYPD) gang database violates the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Topics discussed include the legal case Floyd v. City of New York, the history of stop and frisk in New York City, and the gang database's disparate racial impact and the historical background of racial profiling in the NYPD.

Public policy increasingly relies upon private philanthropic actors to meet community needs. However, nonprofits located in communities of colour may be disadvantaged in the private grants marketplace. This article examines the complex relationship between grantee location in a community of colour, board networks and the size of grants in public foundations in two metropolitan communities. Larger and better-connected networks are associated with larger grants; however, nonprofits located in communities of colour have smaller and less well-connected networks. These findings confirm the importance of network connections in the grant-making process and raise important questions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public and nonprofit sectors generally pay less than the private sector, and individuals are willing to forgo higher salaries in exchange for greater intrinsic satisfaction derived from making a contribution to society. However, personal financial considerations, such as education debt, may discourage individuals from pursuing careers in lower paying sectors even if they are predisposed to public service motivation (PSM). We surveyed a sample of graduating students to investigate if (a) education debt discourages students from pursuing lower paying public or nonprofit careers and (b) whether PSM overrides the considerations students might make about entering lower paying sectors as their education debt rises. First, we find that education debt has a marginal effect on initially selecting private over public and nonprofit careers. Rising education debt may discourage students from public sector careers after controlling for PSM. We also find that rising education debt may discourage students from nonprofit careers even with high levels of PSM. The present study enhances our understanding of how financial considerations, in the form of education debt, may influence a student's initial choice in pursuing public, private, and nonprofit careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We view public administration, public policy, and nonprofit management as intersectional domains of inquiry and argue that advances in each of these domains requires us to bring knowledge from other domains. Contemporary observers also recognize that many nonprofit organizations go beyond a mere service delivery role and play a central role in policy development, funding, and program administration. Through this special issue, we bring together scholars who are working at the intersection of public administration, public policy and nonprofit management, defining this intersection in a broad and inclusive manner. In addition to encouraging explicit connections across public policy, public administration, and nonprofit management, we highlight understudied aspects of work at this intersection. We believe that conducting research across disciplines and combining the "firepower" of an intersectional perspective is essential for addressing big questions. The special issue contributors have engaged these intersectional themes with verve and imagination. After providing an overview of the relationship between nonprofit management, public administration, and public policy drawing upon the conference hosted at The George Washington University, we briefly characterize individual contributions to the special issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents several essays which illustrate the relations between black performance and black reproduction in the U.S. Topics discussed include singer-songwriter Erykah Badu's ambulatory acts in her music video "Window Seat," the airy poetics of black performance and blackness, and the generational schism between the Black Lives Matter movement and the civil rights movement.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether exposure to community or neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage as measured by the ADI (Area Deprivation Index) is associated with risk of abnormal birth weight among nulliparous individuals with singleton gestations. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis from the prospective cohort NuMoM2b study (Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be). Participant addresses at cohort enrollment between 6 and 13 weeks of gestation were geocoded at the Census tract level and linked to the 2015 ADI. The ADI, which incorporates the domains of income, education, employment, and housing quality into a composite national ranking of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, was categorized by quartiles (quartile 1, least disadvantaged, reference; quartile 4, most disadvantaged). Outcomes were large for gestational age (LGA; birth weight at or above the 90th percentile) and small for gestational age (SGA; birth weight below the 10th percentile) compared with appropriate for gestational age (AGA; birth weight 10th-90th percentile) as determined with the 2017 U.S. natality reference data, standardized for fetal sex. Multinomial logistic regression models were adjusted for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: Of 8,983 assessed deliveries in the analytic population, 12.7% (n51,143) were SGA, 8.2% (n5738) were LGA, and 79.1% (n57,102) were AGA. Pregnant individuals living in the highest ADI quartile (quartile 4, 17.8%) had an increased odds of delivering an SGA neonate compared with those in the lowest referent quartile (quartile 1, 12.4%) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.32, 95% CI 1.09-1.55). Pregnant individuals living in higher ADI quartiles (quartile 2, 10.3%; quartile 3, 10.7%; quartile 4, 9.2%) had an increased odds of delivering an LGA neonate compared with those in the lowest referent quartile (quartile 1, 8.2%) (aOR: quartile 2, 1.40, 95% CI 1.19-1.61; quartile 3, 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.61; quartile 4, 1.47, 95% CI 1.20-1.74). CONCLUSION: Neonates of nulliparous pregnant individuals living in U.S. neighborhoods with higher area deprivation were more likely to have abnormal birth weights at both extremes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article empirically addresses the effects of network embeddedness on nonprofit organizations’ ability to access financial resources within competitive markets, with a focus in this analysis on the acquisition of foundation grants. We test theory on the role of organizational status in competitive markets using data from a network of nonprofits linked by foundation grants in metropolitan Atlanta during 2000 and 2005. We find that observable characteristics of nonprofits, including size, fundraising expenses, and financial health, explain success in grant markets. However, market status in previous time periods, operationalized as prior relationships with influential foundations in grant markets, additionally explains future grant awards. Our findings suggest that the status conferred through connections to important actors in a network can raise the profile of a nonprofit and increase the probability of grant success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This analysis investigates whether nonprofit board connections with other nonprofit organizations and foundations explain organizational performance in earning foundation grants. Using a sample of 402 nonprofits and sixty-eight foundations in a single metropolitan area, we find that greater connectedness and status interlocks significantly influence organizations' ability to acquire resources. Network effects are partially mediated by the number of past grants received and a nonprofit's financial characteristics, including organizational size, fundraising expenses, and financial health. These findings, while supporting the role of networks in resource attainment, point to the complex and mutual relationships between organizational characteristics, network characteristics, and organizational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The objective of this study was to describe antenatal/intrapartum management and survival of liveborn infants with known trisomy 13 (T13) or trisomy 18 (T18) based on planned neonatal care. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies complicated by T13/T18 at a tertiary center from 2004 to 2015. We included pregnancies with antenatal or neonatal cytogenetic T13/T18 diagnosis and excluded those which were terminated or had a fetal demise < 20 weeks. We compared antenatal/intrapartum management and neonatal survival by planned neonatal care, defined as either neonatal intervention (INT), including neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitative measures or comfort care (CC) without resuscitative measures. Results In this study, 32 women (10 with T13 and 22 with T18) met study criteria; 12 (38%) elected INT and 20 (62%) CC. Compared with those who elected INT, women who elected CC weremore likely to undergo elective induction (40 vs. 0%, p = 0.01), have an intrapartum stillbirth (0 vs. 32%, p = 0.14), and deliver vaginally (25 vs. 63%, p < 0.01). In neonatal survival analysis (n = 26), median survival was longer in the INT group compared with CC group (64 days [interquartile range, IQR: 2, 155) vs. 3 days [IQR]: 0.3, 42), p = 0.28), but survival to hospital discharge was similar (53 vs. 57%, p = 0.95). Conclusion Regardless of desired level of neonatal INT, many women who continue pregnancies complicated by T13/18 have infants who survive beyond hospital discharge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Inorganic arsenic was measureable in all amniotic fluid specimens. • This suggest ubiquitous maternal, and thus fetal, exposure. • This expands our scope of knowledge in environmental contaminants in amniotic fluid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]