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Abstract Religious fasting in Ramadan the 9th month of the lunar year is one of five pillars in Islam and is practiced for a full month every year. There may be risks with fasting in patients with a history of metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS). There is little published evidence on the possible complications during fasting and needs stronger recommendations and guidance to minimize them. An international survey was sent to surgeons to study the types of complications occurring during religious fasting in patients with history of MBS to evaluate the risk factors to manage and prepare more evidence-based recommendations. In total, 21 centers from 11 countries participated in this survey and reported a total of 132 patients with complications occurring during religious fasting after MBS. The mean age of patients with complications was 36.65 ± 3.48 years and mean BMI was 43.12 ± 6.86 kg/m2. Mean timing of complication occurring during fasting after MBS was 14.18 months. The most common complications were upper GI (gastrointestinal) symptoms including [gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), abdominal pain, and dyspepsia], marginal ulcers and dumping syndrome in 24% (32/132), 8.3% (11/132) and 23% (31/132) patients respectively. Surgical management was necessary in 4.5% of patients presenting with complications (6/132) patients due to perforated marginal or peptic ulcer in Single Anastomosis Duodenoileostomy with Sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S), one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), obstruction at Jejunojenostomy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (1/6) and acute cholecystitis (1/6). Patients after MBS should be advised about the risks while fasting including abdominal pain, dehydration, and peptic ulcer disease exacerbation, and a thorough review of their medications is warranted to minimize complications.

Abstract Background Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) has been proposed as a simple and effective screening tool for assessing central obesity and cardiometabolic risk in both adult and pediatric populations. However, evidence suggests that the use of a uniform WHtR cut-off of 0.50 may not be universally optimal for pediatric populations globally. We aimed to determine the optimal cut-offs of WHtR in children and adolescents with increased cardiometabolic risk across different countries worldwide. Methods We used ten population-based cross-sectional data on 24,605 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years from Brazil, China, Greece, Iran, Italy, Korea, South Africa, Spain, the UK, and the USA for establishing optimal WHtR cut-offs. We performed an external independent test (9,619 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years who came from other six countries) to validate the optimal WHtR cut-offs based on the predicting performance for at least two or three cardiometabolic risk factors. Results Based on receiver operator characteristic curve analyses of various WHtR cut-offs to discriminate those with ≥ 2 cardiometabolic risk factors, the relatively optimal percentile cut-offs of WHtR in the normal weight subsample population in each country did not always coincide with a single fixed percentile, but varied from the 75th to 95th percentiles across the ten countries. However, these relatively optimal percentile values tended to cluster irrespective of sex, metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria used, and WC measurement position. In general, using ≥ 2 cardiometabolic risk factors as the predictive outcome, the relatively optimal WHtR cut-off was around 0.50 in European and the US youths but was lower, around 0.46, in Asian, African, and South American youths. Secondary analyses that directly tested WHtR values ranging from 0.42 to 0.56 at 0.01 increments largely confirmed the results of the main analyses. In addition, the proposed cut-offs of 0.50 and 0.46 for two specific pediatric populations, respectively, showed a good performance in predicting ≥ 2 or ≥ 3 cardiometabolic risk factors in external independent test populations from six countries (Brazil, China, Germany, Italy, Korea, and the USA). Conclusions The proposed international WHtR cut-offs are easy and useful to identify central obesity and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents globally, thus allowing international comparison across populations.

Abstract Homing based on path integration (H-PI) is a form of navigation in which an animal uses self-motion cues to keep track of its position and return to a starting point. Despite evidence for a role of the hippocampus in homing behavior, the hippocampal spatial representations associated with H-PI are largely unknown. Here we developed a homing task (AutoPI task) that required a mouse to find a randomly placed lever on an arena before returning to its home base. Recordings from the CA1 area in male mice showed that hippocampal neurons remap between random foraging and AutoPI task, between trials in light and dark conditions, and between search and homing behavior. During the AutoPI task, approximately 25% of the firing fields were anchored to the lever position. The activity of 24% of the cells with a lever-anchored field predicted the homing direction of the animal on each trial. Our results demonstrate that the activity of hippocampal neurons with object-anchored firing fields predicts homing behavior.

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, transradial cardiac catheterization has become the preferred method. However, it can result in a significant complication known as radial artery occlusion (RAO). The medical management of RAO remains controversial, especially with the emergence of novel oral anticoagulants. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the use of these agents for treating RAO, which is the focus of this study using apixaban.METHOD: This pilot double-blinded randomized clinical trial involved 30 patients who developed RAO following transradial coronary angiography. The patients were randomly assigned to receive either apixaban (2.5 mg twice daily) or a conservative approach for 30 days. Doppler ultrasonography was performed at baseline and at the end of the intervention to assess radial artery diameter and the resolution of arterial patency. Demographic, medical, medication, and clinical characteristics were collected.RESULTS: The mean age of the studied population was 59.43±12.14 years, and the majority were males (60%). Radial artery resolution was observed in 21 (70%) patients, independent of medication use. There was no significant association between resolution and age (P-value=0.62), gender (P-value=0.74), body mass index (P-value=0.23), smoking (P-value=0.64), diabetes (P-value=0.999), hypertension (P-value=0.74), statins (P-value=0.999), antiplatelet therapy (P-value=0.999), length of angiography (P-value=0.216), or follow-up arterial diameter (P-value=0.304). Recanalization occurred in 13 (86.7%) cases in the apixaban treatment group, compared to 8 (53.3%) individuals in the control group, indicating a significant difference (P-value=0.046).CONCLUSION: The study findings suggest no demographic, medical, medication, or clinical factors were associated with arterial recanalization. However, a one-month treatment with apixaban at a dose of 2.5 mg twice daily appeared to be effective.

ObjectiveAntibiotic resistance in Salmonella represents a significant global public health concern. Among various serovars, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is prevalent in multiple countries. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the pattern of antibiotic resistance in S. Typhimurium isolates from diverse sources in Iran.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive and systematic search for relevant articles until December 2023 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SID. The collected data were analyzed using Stata software version 17.ResultsEighteen studies examined the pattern of antibiotic resistance in S. Typhimurium for various antibiotics in Iran. Piperacillin and tetracycline exhibited the highest resistance rates, at 79 and 60% respectively, while cefixime and ceftriaxone had the lowest resistance rates at 0%.ConclusionOur findings indicate a high level of antibiotic resistance among the studied antibiotics. This high level of antibiotic resistance raises concerns and underscores the necessity for monitoring the use of antibiotics. Moreover, resistance to these antibiotics was more prevalent in samples isolated from animals compared to other sources. This highlights the importance of animal screening to detect the presence of drug-resistant isolates, with the ultimate goal of reducing antibiotic resistance and preventing the transmission of resistant strains to humans.

Abstract This work introduces an easy method for producing Bi2O3, ZnO, ZnO‐Bi2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) by Biebersteinia Multifida extract. Our products have been characterized through the outcomes which recorded with using powder X‐ray diffractometry (PXRD), Raman, energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), field emission‐scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), and Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) techniques. The finding of SEM presented porous structure and spherical morphology for Bi2O3 and ZnO NPs, respectively. While FE‐SEM image of bimetallic nanoparticles showed both porous and spherical morphologies for them; so that spherical particles of ZnO have sat on the porous structure of Bi2O3 NPs. According to the PXRD results, the crystallite sizes of Bi2O3, ZnO and ZnO−Bi2O3 NPs have been obtained 57.69, 21.93, and 43.42 nm, respectively. Antibacterial performance of NPs has been studied on Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, to distinguish the minimum microbial inhibitory concentration (MIC). Antimicrobial outcomes have showed a better effect for ZnO‐Bi2O3 NPs. Besides, wondering about the cytotoxic action against cancer cell lines, the MTT results have verified the intense cytotoxic function versus breast cancer cells (MCF‐7). According to these observations, obtained products can prosper medical and biological applications.

Background: Medication administration errors significantly impact patient safety, potentially leading to severe harm or fatality. Reporting such errors through active systems improves medication administration, thereby enhancing patient safety and the quality of care. However, in the context of Saudi Arabia, little is understood about the causes of medication administration errors and the obstacles hindering their reporting. Objective: This study aimed to explore nurses’ perceptions of the causes of medication administration errors and the barriers to reporting them. Methods: The study employed a qualitative descriptive design, conducting face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 43 nurses from three hospitals in Taif Governorate, Saudi Arabia, between October and November 2023. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants, and thematic analysis was utilized for data analysis. Results: The following themes emerged regarding the causes of medication administration errors: order deficiencies, high workloads and staff shortages, and malpractice. Regarding the barriers to reporting errors, the emerging themes were fear of punishment and lack of support, lack of knowledge and awareness about reporting, and lack of feedback. Conclusion: This study reveals nurses’ perceptions of the causes of medication administration errors and the barriers to reporting them. Recognizing and addressing these causes and barriers are essential for patient safety and the improvement of the healthcare environment. Efforts should be directed toward implementing interventions that address high workloads, enhance staff education and awareness, and promote a workplace culture conducive to reporting errors without fear of repercussions. Additionally, supportive mechanisms, such as feedback systems and resources for professional development, should be implemented to empower nurses to actively participate in error reporting and contribute to continuous improvement in medication administration practices.

One of the greatest challenges to the automated production of goods is equipment malfunction. Ideally, machines should be able to automatically predict and detect operational faults in order to minimize downtime and plan for timely maintenance. While traditional condition-based maintenance (CBM) involves costly sensor additions and engineering, machine learning approaches offer the potential to learn from already existing sensors. Implementations of data-driven CBM typically use supervised and semi-supervised learning to classify faults. In addition to a large collection of operation data, records of faulty operation are also necessary, which are often costly to obtain. Instead of classifying faults, we use an approach to detect abnormal behaviour within the machine’s operation. This approach is analogous to semi-supervised anomaly detection in machine learning (ML), with important distinctions in experimental design and evaluation specific to the problem of industrial fault detection. We present a novel method of machine fault detection using temporal-difference learning and General Value Functions (GVFs). Using GVFs, we form a predictive model of sensor data to detect faulty behaviour. As sensor data from machines is not i.i.d. but closer to Markovian sampling, temporal-difference learning methods should be well suited for this data. We compare our GVF outlier detection (GVFOD) algorithm to a broad selection of multivariate and temporal outlier detection methods, using datasets collected from a tabletop robot emulating the movement of an industrial actuator. We find that not only does GVFOD achieve the same recall score as other multivariate OD algorithms, it attains significantly higher precision. Furthermore, GVFOD has intuitive hyperparameters which can be selected based upon expert knowledge of the application. Together, these findings allow for a more reliable detection of abnormal machine behaviour to allow ideal timing of maintenance; saving resources, time and cost.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is a geometrical isomer of linoleic acid, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity properties. However, the studies reported inconstant results about the CLA-related effects on lipid profiles. As a result, meta-analysis and systematic review were performed to survey the CLA supplementation-related effect on lipid profile including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). To identify the relevant research, a systematic comprehensive search was initiated on the medical databases such as Scopus and PubMed/Medline until December 2022. The overall effect size was estimated by weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in a random effect meta-analysis. In the final quantitative analysis, the meta-analysis considered 35 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1,476 participants (707 controls and 769 cases). The pooled results demonstrated that CLA supplementation, compared with olive oil, significantly increased serum TG levels (WMD: 0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.1; p = 0.04; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.91). With regard to TC level, CLA supplementation compared with placebo significantly reduced TC concentrations (WMD: −0.08 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.14 to −0.02; p < 0.001; I2 = 82.4%). Moreover, the non-linear dose–response analysis indicated a decreasing trend of TC serum level from the 15th week of CLA supplementation compared with olive oil (Pnon-linearity = 0.01). The present meta-analysis and systematic review of 35 RCTs showed that the CLA intervention was able to raise the level of TG in comparison to olive oil; however, it can decrease TC level compared with placebo and olive oil.

AbstractBackground: One of the important challenges in urban planning is the inappropriate distribution of urban service uses. The border city of Bandar Dair is no exception to this rule.Objective: The purpose of this research is to measure social justice in the spatial structure of the border city of Bandar Dair with an emphasis on the spatial distribution of service uses.Research Method: In this regard, in the first step, the point position of nine groups of service users was layered based on the existing maps of the municipality. Then, each of the nine service uses was weighted using the Delphi method and experts' questionnaire. Finally, using the capabilities of the GIS (Euclidean Distance and Weighted Overlay), the spatial distribution of each service use was analyzed.Research Innovation: Conducting these studies has not been reported or published in the area, and for the first time, this type of study is being conducted in the city of Dair. It is innovative and new.Findings: The results of the study show that the spatial distribution of administrative police use is suitable and the uses of urban, cultural, and therapeutic green spaces are poorly distributed. The general findings of the research show that in 58.9% of the area of the city of Bandar Dair, the distribution of services is at a good and very good level. On the other hand, 41.09% of the total area of the city has a medium to low distribution of public services. By examining the maps of the research, we realize that in the new areas of the city, a weak and very weak distribution has happened. In other words, as we move from the central area of the city to the outskirts of the city, the distribution of services tends to be weak and very weak.Keywords: Spatial Distribution, Service Uses, Social Justice, Bandar Dair. IntroductionIn sustainable urban development or a sustainable city, justice in access to urban services for all citizens must prevail. There should be no obvious spatial separation in income and social groups, all people and groups have access to basic services and facilities, and residents have equal positions. This will be achieved if urban lands and the allocation of resources and facilities between spatial units and socialization should take place in an equal way and at least with relative equality. The city of Bandar Dair in Bushehr province, as a border city, has grown rapidly both in terms of population and body in the last few decades. But in the meantime, the required urban services have not been developed and distributed in accordance with the growth and expansion of the population and the body. This unbalanced situation has caused social inequalities in different areas of the city. As the surveys show, the marginal and new part of the city has low access to service uses. In other words, the pattern of distribution of service uses has not been in line with the growth and development of the city. As a result, it has caused dissatisfaction in the less privileged areas, promotion of intra-city travel, and spatial displacement of the city's population. Therefore, in this research, we investigate social justice in the spatial structure of the border city of Bandar Dair, emphasizing the spatial distribution of service uses. Therefore, the main goal of the current research is to measure social justice in the spatial structure of the border city of Bandar Dair with an emphasis on the spatial distribution of service uses. Materials and MethodsThe current research is an applied study in terms of its purpose and a descriptive-analytical study in terms of its nature and methodology. This research seeks to measure social justice in the spatial structure of the border city of Bandar Dair with an emphasis on the spatial distribution of service uses. In order to answer the research question, this research has been done in three general stages: the first stage is dedicated to collecting and creating service user layers in Arc-GIS-10.8 and Google Earth Pro software. Therefore, the location of each of the service users was identified using the maps of the current situation of Bandar Dair Municipality as well as Google Earth Pro software and entered into the software as point layers. In the next step, service users were weighted based on the experts' questionnaire information and using the Delphi technique. In this way, after collecting the questionnaire, the relative score of each service use was summed up and each service use was scored, not the service use group (educational, sports, therapeutic, cultural, park and green space, religious). Urban equipment, transportation, warehousing, and police administration were classified into five classes (very good, good, medium, poor, and very poor distribution). In the third step, the Euclidean Distance technique was used to analyze the service level of urban services. Then, all the layers were blurred using the Raster Calculator command in the ArcGIS10.8 software environment. In addition, using the same command, the weight of different users on the maps was applied and finally, layers were overlapped using the Weighted Overlay command. The statistical population of this research includes experts and specialists in the field of urban planning in the city of Bandar Dair. The sample size is selected based on the Delphi method. According to previous studies, usually, 5-30 people are selected. In this research, 30 questionnaires were provided to the experts, and 23 questionnaires were collected without defects. The sampling method is also targeted sampling. For the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the questionnaire was completed by experts, and the results were provided to the experts and approved. Research FindingsBased on the investigations, the distribution of service uses in an area equal to 6.72% of the total area of Bandar Dair city is at a very poor level. In addition, the distribution of main services in 12.82% of the area of this city is at a poor level. Distribution of services has been done in 21.55% of the level of Dair Dam, in 35.65% of the area of the city at a good level, and finally, in an area equal to 23.28% of the distribution of services at a very good level. Discussion of Results and ConclusionsExamining the current land use situation in Bandar Dair shows that the share of residential use was higher than the ideal balance or standard ratio. Regarding the investigated service uses, therapeutic, cultural and urban parks and green spaces are severely lacking, and in terms of spatial distribution, the distribution is also not in good condition. The presence of a lot of barren lands in the city limits can be used as a capacity to improve land uses that are lacking. In addition, the use of urban equipment and transportation and warehousing are deficient in terms of per capita, but in terms of spatial distribution, they are at a good level. Police administrative use with a per capita equivalent of 14.52 square meters is in good condition, and in terms of spatial distribution, it is also at a good level. Educational, sports, and religious uses are in good condition per capita. Some urban uses, such as sports and educational uses, have a high share of the urban area due to the large size of the mentioned parts, which does not necessarily mean a balanced distribution of these uses in different spatial scales. Finally, the examination of the system of partial uses in the mentioned area shows that the contribution of some service elements in its overall distribution is unusual, and therefore the need to adjust and provide some uses is felt. Examining the maps obtained from the research shows that weak and very weak distributions have occurred in the newly developed areas of the city. In other words, as we move from the inner city areas to the outer city areas, the service distribution tends to be poor and very poor. Finally, it can be said that in order to provide residents access to urban services, it is necessary to locate all kinds of public services in the outer and newly developed areas of Bandar Dair, so that spatial justice and appropriate distribution of service uses can be done.

BackgroundMycobacterium kansasii infection is one of the most common causes of non-tuberculosis mycobacterial (NTM) disease worldwide. However, accurate information on the global prevalence of this bacterium is lacking. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of M. kansasii in clinical and environmental isolates.MethodsDatabases, including PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science, were utilized to gather articles on the prevalence of M. kansasii in clinical and environmental isolates. The collected data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software.ResultsA total of 118 and 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were used to analyze the prevalence of M. kansasii in clinical and environmental isolates, respectively. The prevalence of M. kansasii in NTM and environmental isolates were 9.4 and 5.8%, respectively. Subsequent analysis showed an increasing prevalence of M. kansasii over the years. Additionally, the results indicated a significant difference in the prevalence of this bacteria among different regions.ConclusionThe relatively high prevalence of M. kansasii among NTM isolates suggests the need for further implementation of infection control strategies. It is also important to establish appropriate diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for screening this microorganism in environmental samples in order to prevent its spread, given its high prevalence in environmental isolates.

IntroductionBrain neoplasms and central nervous system (CNS) disorders, particularly gliomas, have shown a notable increase in incidence over the last three decades, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their regulatory role in gene expression, offering potential enhancements in glioma diagnosis and prognosis.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, included 25 studies for diagnostic accuracy and 99 for prognostic analysis, published until August 27th, 2023. Studies were identified through comprehensive searches of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria encompassed peer-reviewed original research providing sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for miRNAs in glioma diagnosis, as well as survival outcomes with hazard ratios (HRs) or mean survival.Results and discussionMeta-analysis demonstrated miRNAs’ high diagnostic accuracy, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.821 (95% CI: 0.781–0.855) and specificity of 0.831 (95% CI: 0.792–0.865), yielding an AUC of 0.893. Subgroup analysis by specimen type revealed consistent accuracy across blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and tissue samples. Our results also showed miRNAs can be potential prognostic biomarkers. miRNAs showed significant associations with overall survival (OS) (pooled HR: 2.0221; 95% CI: 1.8497–2.2105), progression-free survival (PFS) (pooled HR: 2.4248; 95% CI: 1.8888–3.1128), and disease-free survival (DFS) (pooled HR: 1.8973; 95% CI: 1.1637–3.0933) in tissue specimens. These findings underscore miRNAs’ potential as valuable biomarkers for improving glioma diagnosis and prognosis, offering insights for enhancing clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.

The only way to mitigate the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was vaccines. While effective in decreasing the rate and severity of the disease, there also have been considerable adverse events. Since the birth of vaccines, adverse reactions accompanied the immunity, and COVID-19 vaccines are no exceptions. This is a report about a 52-year-old female patient who presented with bilateral redness of the eyes, with normal bilateral visual acuity, postbooster dose of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine. She had no significant past history of any disease or any similar reactions after previous doses. All her physical examinations were normal. Ophthalmic examination disclosed diffuse erythema, and mild scleral edema consistent with bilateral anterior diffused scleritis with negative phenylephrine test. Thereafter, with a course of tapering doses of prednisolone (30 mg at the onset) combined with azathioprine (100 mg/day), over a 2-week period, the condition completely resolved. Very few vaccination-related adverse events may manifest an unrecognized underlying autoimmune vasculopathy which may also require urgent management. As in this case, ocular adverse events, as highlighted, are highly associated with undiagnosed autoimmune diseases and therefore warrant careful assessment by clinicians.

Background. The effects of oligopin as an antioxidant on polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) have not yet been examined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oligopin supplementation on PCOM among patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods. This randomized, placebo-controlled trial was carried out at Shariati Hospital, Arash Hospital, and Yas Hospital, Tehran, Iran, to determine the effect of oligopin (50 mg/d) or placebo in PCOS patients. The ultrasonographic ovarian morphology was assessed in women aged 18–40 years, before and after 3 months of intervention. Results. Among 45 randomized participants, 32 participants, of whom 17 were in the oligopin group and 15 were in the placebo group completed the trial. There was only one adverse event in the oligopin group. The mean (standard deviation) age of the patients was 30.47 (6.30) years and the median (interquartile range) BMI was 27.50 (23.42–33.55). Three months of oligopin therapy significantly decreased ovarian stromal area (p=0.01) and stromal/total area (p=0.003). However, no significant differences were observed in the ovarian volume, ovarian area, 2–9 mm antral follicle counts, or peripheral follicle distribution pattern at 3 months. Conclusion. Among participants with PCOS, the use of oligopin (50 mg) daily, as compared with a placebo, resulted in improvement of the stromal area and stromal/total area at the end of the 3 months of treatment. Further studies are, however, needed to evaluate the longer-term efficacy and safety. This trial is registered with IRCT20140406017139N3.

Osteoporosis has a significant economy, society, and health burden. The recent advancement of available therapies caused ethical questions regarding the use of placebo-controlled studies in osteoporosis. Some specialists believe it is not ethically to subject the study participants to any additional risk when there is already verified effective therapy for the disease and established therapies can significantly decrease the likelihood of osteoporotic fracture. Accordingly, researchers have expressed ethical concerns over placebo-controlled trials. Here, we have briefly addressed ethical and methodological aspects regarding conducting placebo-control trials as well as potential alternatives.

Abstract Background The decline in adropin over the aging process is associated with cardiometabolic risks, and resistance training may affect this decline. We hypothesized that elastic band resistance training (EBRT) would be an effective exercise for increasing adropin and improving the cardiometabolic profile in elderly women. Methods We randomly assigned 28 overweight elderly women (age = 74.04 ± 4.69 years) into one of two groups, EBRT (n = 14) or control (CON; n = 14), to participate in a 12-week (3d/wk) supervised EBRT program. The serum levels of adropin and cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated at baseline and after the intervention. The exercise training protocol consisted of three supervised training sessions (55 min) per week for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results EBRT significantly increased serum adropin levels (p = 0.026), number of repetitions in the 30-second chair-stand test (p = 0.016), and number of repetitions in the 30-second arm curl test (p = 0.032). Moreover, EBRT significantly decreased serum levels of insulin (p = 0.035), TNF-α (p = 0.046), hsCRP (p = 0.037), and insulin resistance (p = 0.045) as well as body fat percentage (p = 0.023). There were no significant between-group differences (p > 0.05) in glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, BMI, and WHR; however, glucose, TC, TG, and BMI significantly changed in the EBRT group (within-group). Furthermore, adropin correlated with body fat percentage (p = 0.020) and BMI (p = 0.014) at pretest and with body fat percentage at posttest (p = 0.016), however, delta values were not significantly related. No correlation was observed between adropin and other biomarkers at any stage of the study. Conclusion EBRT can increase serum adropin levels, which has been associated with improved insulin sensitivity, inflammation, body fat percentage, and physical function in overweight elderly women.