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Objetivo: La evaluación de resultados cualitativos demanda la utilización de instrumentos sistemáticos y reproducibles. No existe actualmente un instrumento para evaluación de resultados en cirugía de contorno corporal. nuestro objetivo fue desarrollar un nuevo instrumento de autoreporte de resultados desde la perspectiva del paciente (PROM) para medir calidad de vida (CdV) asociada a satisfacción corporal. Materiales y Métodos: Se siguió un diseño fase 3 estándar para la creación de un instrumento de autoreporte de resultados por el paciente; en la fase 1 se utilizó un diseño cualitativo en 45 pacientes para desarrollar un marco conceptual y crear los dominios e ítems de la escala preliminar. En la fase 2, se condujo una evaluación de la población a gran escala en 1.340 pacientes a fin de reducir los ítems y dominios. En la fase 3, se realizó una evaluación final del instrumento desarrollado en 34 pacientes. La evaluación estadística incluyó análisis de factores, RASCH y regresión multivariada. Las propiedades psicométricas medidas fueron la confiabilidad interna de la escala, correlaciones item-test, item-retest y correlación test-retest. Resultados: El instrumento desarrollado consta de 4 dominios (Satisfacción con el abdomen, vida sexual, autoestima-vida social y síntomas psicológicos) y 20 ítems en total. El puntaje puede variar entre 20 (peor) y 100 (mejor). La tasa de respuesta fue 100%, confiabilidad interna 93,3%, concordancia test-retest 97,7%. La calidad de vida (CdV) asociada a imagen corporal fue superior en hombres que en mujeres (p < 0,001) y disminuye con la edad (p = 0,004) e incremento del IMC (p < 0,001). Los pacientes de cirugía de contorno corporal post bariátrica, puntuaron menos que los pacientes de estética en todos los dominios del instrumento Body-QoL (p < 0,001). En el postoperatorio el puntaje mejoró un promedio de 21,9 ± 16,9 (tamaño efecto 1,8, p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La calidad de vida asociada a satisfacción corporal puede ser medida de manera confiable con el instrumento Body-QoL. Puede ser utilizado en pacientes estéticos y postbariátricos, lipectomías asistidas por aspiración, lipoabdominoplastías, abdominoplastías y body-lift inferiores además de entregar un acercamiento basado en evidencia a la práctica clínica estándar. Background: The assessment of patient satisfaction and quality of life after body remodeling surgery is important. Aim: To develop and assess a self-report instrument to evaluate the results of bariatric and body remodeling surgery. Material and Methods: A three phase methodology was used. In phase 1, literature was reviewed and in depth interviews to patients were carried out, creating a preliminary instrument that was applied to 1,340 patients in phase 2. In phase 3, the final assessment of the instrument was performed, applying it to 34 patients. The psychometric properties of the in instrument were evaluated. Results: The instrument has four domains (satisfaction with abdomen, sexual life, self-esteem and social life and psychological symptoms) and 20 items. Its score ranges from 20 (worst) to 100 (better). Response rate was 100%, internal reliability was 93% and test-re test concordance was 98%. Body shape related quality of life was significantly higher in men than in women. It decreases with age and with increasing body mass index. Patients subjected to bariatric surgery had lower scores than patients subjected to esthetic surgery. In the postoperative period, the score improved by 21.9 ± 16.9 points. Conclusions: The instrument developed can reliably measure quality of life associated with body shape.

Objetivo: La evaluación de resultados cualitativos demanda la utilización de instrumentos sistemáticos y reproducibles. No existe actualmente un instrumento para evaluación de resultados en cirugía de contorno corporal. nuestro objetivo fue desarrollar un nuevo instrumento de autoreporte de resultados desde la perspectiva del paciente (PROM) para medir calidad de vida (CdV) asociada a satisfacción corporal. Materiales y Métodos: Se siguió un diseño fase 3 estándar para la creación de un instrumento de autoreporte de resultados por el paciente; en la fase 1 se utilizó un diseño cualitativo en 45 pacientes para desarrollar un marco conceptual y crear los dominios e ítems de la escala preliminar. En la fase 2, se condujo una evaluación de la población a gran escala en 1.340 pacientes a fin de reducir los ítems y dominios. En la fase 3, se realizó una evaluación final del instrumento desarrollado en 34 pacientes. La evaluación estadística incluyó análisis de factores, RASCH y regresión multivariada. Las propiedades psicométricas medidas fueron la confiabilidad interna de la escala, correlaciones item-test, item-retest y correlación test-retest. Resultados: El instrumento desarrollado consta de 4 dominios (Satisfacción con el abdomen, vida sexual, autoestima-vida social y síntomas psicológicos) y 20 ítems en total. El puntaje puede variar entre 20 (peor) y 100 (mejor). La tasa de respuesta fue 100%, confiabilidad interna 93,3%, concordancia test-retest 97,7%. La calidad de vida (CdV) asociada a imagen corporal fue superior en hombres que en mujeres (p < 0,001) y disminuye con la edad (p = 0,004) e incremento del IMC (p < 0,001). Los pacientes de cirugía de contorno corporal post bariátrica, puntuaron menos que los pacientes de estética en todos los dominios del instrumento Body-QoL (p < 0,001). En el postoperatorio el puntaje mejoró un promedio de 21,9 ± 16,9 (tamaño efecto 1,8, p < 0,001). Conclusiones: La calidad de vida asociada a satisfacción corporal puede ser medida de manera confiable con el instrumento Body-QoL. Puede ser utilizado en pacientes estéticos y postbariátricos, lipectomías asistidas por aspiración, lipoabdominoplastías, abdominoplastías y body-lift inferiores además de entregar un acercamiento basado en evidencia a la práctica clínica estándar.

Introducción: La enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman es una entidad infrecuente, que consiste en la proliferación benigna del tejido fibroso y hematopoyético ubicado generalmente en cabeza y cuello. Se trata de una enfermedad benigna, autolimitada, cuyo tratamiento generalmente se limita a la resección quirúrgica, con elevada tasa de recidiva. Objetivo: Exposición de un caso de Enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman mamario, inicial-mente sugerente de patología maligna. caso clínico: Mujer 69 años derivada de atención primaria por nódulo palpable en mama derecha, mamografía y ecografía mamaria BIRADS 4 y 5, respectivamente. Biopsia Core informa Enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman mamaria. A los dos años de diagnóstico se objetiva lesión de mayor tamaño. Se realizó mastectomía parcial con biopsia de pieza quirúrgica compatible con diagnóstico de Biopsia Core previa. Discusión: La similitud clínica de esta enfermedad con patologías malignas mamarias, asociado a su baja prevalencia, dificultan la pesquisa de casos como el expuesto. En los estudios de imágenes raramente se sospecha. La clave del diagnóstico son los hallazgos histológicos en el que característicamente se observa emperipolesis con tinciones inmunohistoquímicas positivas para S 100 y negativo para CD 1. Dado que es una enfermedad benigna y autolimitada su tratamiento generalmente se limita a la resección quirúrgica. Este permite extirpar el tumor en estudio, realizar el diagnóstico, y aliviar la sintomatología producida por el efecto masa de la lesión. A pesar de lo anterior la recidiva es alta, por lo que el seguimiento debe ser a largo plazo.

Background: Surgery is an effective method for the management of renal hyperparathyroidism. Aim: To report the clinical presentation and results of surgical treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 58 patients aged 46 ± 11 years with secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT2) and 13 patients aged 53 ± 11 years with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT3), operated at a clinical hospital. Results: In 55 cases (77.4%) the indications for surgery were complications of excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) and in 16 patients (22.6%) a failure of medical treatment. Total parathyroidectomy with intraoperative measurement of PTH (PTHop) plus a forearm parathyroid autograft was performed in 54 (93.1%) patients with HPT2 and in all patients with HPT3. PTHop decreased ≥ 75% in 51 patients (88%) with HPT2 and in 9 patients (69.2%) with HPT3, respectively. Cure of the disease was achieved in 52 (89.7%) and 11 (84.6%) patients with HPT2 and 3, respectively. Median follow-up was 41 months. Five (9.6%) patients with HPT2 and two patients (18.2%) with HPT3 had a recurrence of the disease. Conclusions: In patients with renal hyperparathyroidism, the primary indication for surgery was the presence of complications of PTH excess. A drop in PTHop ≥ 75% from baseline predicts healing in 98% and 100% of cases with secondary or tertiary HPT respectively. Surgery was a safe and effective treatment in both groups.

Background: Surgery is an effective method for the management of renal hyperparathyroidism. Aim: To report the clinical presentation and results of surgical treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 58 patients aged 46 ± 11 years with secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT2) and 13 patients aged 53 ± 11 years with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT3), operated at a clinical hospital. Results: In 55 cases (77.4%) the indications for surgery were complications of excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) and in 16 patients (22.6%) a failure of medical treatment. Total parathyroidectomy with intraoperative measurement of PTH (PTHop) plus a forearm parathyroid autograft was performed in 54 (93.1%) patients with HPT2 and in all patients with HPT3. PTHop decreased ≥ 75% in 51 patients (88%) with HPT2 and in 9 patients (69.2%) with HPT3, respectively. Cure of the disease was achieved in 52 (89.7%) and 11 (84.6%) patients with HPT2 and 3, respectively. Median follow-up was 41 months. Five (9.6%) patients with HPT2 and two patients (18.2%) with HPT3 had a recurrence of the disease. Conclusions: In patients with renal hyperparathyroidism, the primary indication for surgery was the presence of complications of PTH excess. A drop in PTHop ≥ 75% from baseline predicts healing in 98% and 100% of cases with secondary or tertiary HPT respectively. Surgery was a safe and effective treatment in both groups.

Introducción: La enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman es una entidad infrecuente, que consiste en la proliferación benigna del tejido fibroso y hematopoyético ubicado generalmente en cabeza y cuello. Se trata de una enfermedad benigna, autolimitada, cuyo tratamiento generalmente se limita a la resección quirúrgica, con elevada tasa de recidiva. Objetivo: Exposición de un caso de Enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman mamario, inicial-mente sugerente de patología maligna. caso clínico: Mujer 69 años derivada de atención primaria por nódulo palpable en mama derecha, mamografía y ecografía mamaria BIRADS 4 y 5, respectivamente. Biopsia Core informa Enfermedad de Rosai Dorfman mamaria. A los dos años de diagnóstico se objetiva lesión de mayor tamaño. Se realizó mastectomía parcial con biopsia de pieza quirúrgica compatible con diagnóstico de Biopsia Core previa. Discusión: La similitud clínica de esta enfermedad con patologías malignas mamarias, asociado a su baja prevalencia, dificultan la pesquisa de casos como el expuesto. En los estudios de imágenes raramente se sospecha. La clave del diagnóstico son los hallazgos histológicos en el que característicamente se observa emperipolesis con tinciones inmunohistoquímicas positivas para S 100 y negativo para CD 1. Dado que es una enfermedad benigna y autolimitada su tratamiento generalmente se limita a la resección quirúrgica. Este permite extirpar el tumor en estudio, realizar el diagnóstico, y aliviar la sintomatología producida por el efecto masa de la lesión. A pesar de lo anterior la recidiva es alta, por lo que el seguimiento debe ser a largo plazo. Background: Rosai Dorfman disease is uncommon and consists in a benign fibrous and hematopoietic tissue proliferation, usually located in the head or neck. It is self-limited and the treatment is the surgical excision of the lesion. Case Report: We report a 69 years old woman consulting for a palpable right breast nodule with a mammography and mammary ultrasound informed as BIRADS 4 and 5, respectively. A core biopsy was informed as a mammary Rosai Dorfman disease. Two years later, due to a lesion growth, the patient was subjected to a partial mastectomy. The pathological study of the surgical piece confirmed the diagnosis of the core biopsy. This disease may resemble a malignant disease and the clue for its diagnosis is the pathological study.

The purpose of this article is to explore an emerging discourse, that of Internet chatroom conversation. It tries to schematize the conversational relationships of the speakers in a text based medium and apply a pragmatic point of view based on cooperative principles within conversationsEl propósito de este artículo es el de explorar un discurso emergente, como es el de conversaciones en salas chat en el internet. Intenta esquematizar las relaciones conversacionales de los hablantes en un medio escrito y aplica un punto de vista pragmático basado en principios cooperativos dentro de conversaciones

Human performance efficiency and effectiveness in different sports depend to a large extent on the size, weight and proportion of the physique of the athlete. The aim of this study was to identify morphological characteristics of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes. The sample consisted of 25 highly trained male athletes who were classified according to their fighting style; guard fighter (GF) vs. pass fighter (PF). The athletes were assessed for somatotype, body composition and proportionality. For the whole group of athletes the somatotype was 2.23±0.68, 6.33±1.14, and 1.75±0.87 for endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph components, respectively. Muscle and adipose tissue percentages were 52.34±2.15% and 19.30±2.51%, respectively. PF were significantly more mesomorph (p< 0.05) and less ectomorph (p< 0.05) than GF. Also, PF had significantly higher phantom Z score for bone mass vs. GF (0.51±0.57 vs. 0.01±0.54; p

Surgery is an effective method for the management of renal hyperparathyroidism.To report the clinical presentation and results of surgical treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism.Retrospective analysis of 58 patients aged 46 ± 11 years with secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT2) and 13 patients aged 53 ± 11 years with tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT3), operated at a clinical hospital.In 55 cases (77.4%) the indications for surgery were complications of excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) and in 16 patients (22.6%) a failure of medical treatment. Total parathyroidectomy with intraoperative measurement of PTH (PTHop) plus a forearm parathyroid autograft was performed in 54 (93.1%) patients with HPT2 and in all patients with HPT3. PTHop decreased ≥ 75% in 51 patients (88%) with HPT2 and in 9 patients (69.2%) with HPT3, respectively. Cure of the disease was achieved in 52 (89.7%) and 11 (84.6%) patients with HPT2 and 3, respectively. Median follow-up was 41 months. Five (9.6%) patients with HPT2 and two patients (18.2%) with HPT3 had a recurrence of the disease.In patients with renal hyperparathyroidism, the primary indication for surgery was the presence of complications of PTH excess. A drop in PTHop ≥ 75% from baseline predicts healing in 98% and 100% of cases with secondary or tertiary HPT respectively. Surgery was a safe and effective treatment in both groups.

Objetivos: Valorar la correlación entre dolor oncológico y depresión, determinar la prevalencia de depresión en los grupos de casos y controles, y conocer qué factores de la historia clínica del paciente podrían estar potencialmente asociados a la depresión. Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, y multicéntrico. Se recogió información de la historia clínica de pacientes, de al menos 3 meses anteriores al inicio del estudio, de edad ≥ 18 años, que padecían dolor tras el diagnóstico oncológico (EVA ≥ 3) y que cumplimentaron el inventario de depresión de Beck (IDB). Los pacientes se clasificaron como casos y controles en base a la puntuación IDB (≥ 8 y ≤ 7, respectivamente). Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 248 pacientes con una media de edad de 59,0 ± 12,4 años. La media del IDB para el grupo de casos fue 13,1 ± 4,9, y para el grupo control 3,8 ± 2,1. El tiempo medio de supervivencia de los pacientes fue mayor en el grupo control (20,0 meses) en comparación con el grupo caso (12 meses; p = 0,0032). En líneas generales, la puntuación del IDB se correlacionó significativamente con la intensidad del dolor en las últimas 24 horas (0,215; p = 0,0007) y con el número de horas de dolor durante las últimas 24 horas (0,170; p = 0,0073). Presentar un estadio tumoral más avanzado fue uno de los factores que aumentó el riesgo de padecer depresión (p = 0,0113). El análisis multivariante demostró el carácter predictivo del cáncer digestivo (p = 0,0454) y del estadio tumoral T (T2 vs T4; p = 0,0039, y T3 vs T4; p = 0,0012) como factores de riesgo de padecer depresión. Conclusiones: De acuerdo a otros estudios previos, existe una clara correlación entre la intensidad de dolor y el estado psicológico del paciente. El potencial predictivo de ciertos factores clínicos (estadío tumoral y ciertos tipos tumorales) posibilita la identificación de pacientes oncológicos en riesgo de padecer depresión. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between cancer pain and depression, to determine the prevalence of depression in both groups the cases and controls and also to evaluate which factors from the medical records can be potentially associated with depression. Methods: Observational, retrospective and multi-centre study. Patients were ≥18 years old, had medical data ≥ 3 months, experienced pain after cancer diagnosis (VAS ≥ 3) and completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Patients were classified as cases and controls based on the BDI score (≥ 8 y ≤ 7, respectively). Results: A total of 248 patients were included (mean age 59.0 ± 12.4 years). Mean BDI for the case group was 13.1 ± 4.9, and for the control group, 3.8 ± 2.1. Patients in the control group, had a longer survival time (20.0 months) in comparison with patients in the case group (12 months; p = 0.0032). For the overall population, BDI scoring was correlated with the intensity of pain during the last 24 hours (0.215; p = 0.0007) and the hours of pain during the last 24 hours (0.170; p = 0.0073). A more advanced disease stage was also among the factors that increased the risk of depression (p= 0.0113). The multivariate analysis revealed the predictive nature of digestive cancers (p = 0.0454) and T stage (T2 vs T4; p = 0.0039, and T3 vs T4; p = 0.0012) as risk factors for depression. Conclusions: According with previous studies, there is a clear relationship between pain intensity and patient's psychological status. The predictive potential of medical factors for depression (tumor stage and type of cancer) opens the possibility to target patients at risk.

BACKGROUND: Aromatase inhibitors are more effective than is tamoxifen in prevention of breast-cancer recurrence, but at the expense of increased musculoskeletal side-effects, such as carpal tunnel syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess risk factors and the prognostic value of musculoskeletal symptoms during treatment with the steroidal aromatase inhibitor exemestane or with tamoxifen after 2-3 years of tamoxifen. METHODS: In the Intergroup Exemestane Study, postmenopausal women treated for early invasive breast cancer who remained disease free and on treatment after 2-3 years of tamoxifen were randomised to switch to exemestane or to continue tamoxifen for the remainder of the 5-year period of endocrine treatment. The primary endpoint for this retrospective analysis was occurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome and any musculoskeletal events, analysed in the safety population, which consisted of all patients who had received any trial treatment. As well as case-report forms, questionnaires were distributed retrospectively to gain more details of cases of carpal tunnel syndrome. The relation between musculoskeletal symptoms reported by 6 months from randomisation and survival from 9 months onwards was assessed by Cox proportional hazards models. The trial is registered, number ISRCTN11883920. It has completed accrual and follow-up is continuing for enrolled participants. FINDINGS: After a median follow-up of 91·0 months (IQR 83·0-99·2), carpal tunnel syndrome had been reported for 66 (2·8%) of 2319 patients in the exemestane group compared with 13 (0·6%) of 2338 in the tamoxifen group (odds ratio [OR] 5·23, 99% CI 2·39-11·49; p

Despite effective analgesic therapy, inadequate pain control is frequently perceived by patients and caregivers.To assess satisfaction with management of pain in cancer patients.Between January and May 2007, a cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted in 64 Medical Oncology Departments throughout Spain. A total of 525 outpatients with oncological diseases completed a questionnaire with demographic data, characteristics and intensity of pain, and perceptions and attitudes towards pain management at the time of a routine clinical visit. Physicians also completed a questionnaire with tumour-related and treatment-related data. Cluster analysis was used to classify patients into three groups (satisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied or neutral, dissatisfied) according to pain intensity and satisfaction with treatment.Patients satisfied with their analgesic treatment (33%) had lower pain intensities and, when regularly asked about their pain, considered their physicians to be more involved in their treatment. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied patients (neutral) (44%) had higher mean pain intensities. Two-thirds of them achieved marked relief of their pain and also thought that physicians were aware of their situation. Dissatisfied patients (23%) had moderate to severe pain intensities, and said that they were asked less frequently about their pain, and thought that their physicians were less involved in their analgesic treatment.Physician-patient communication and information provided to patients are essential aspects of patient perceptions and attitudes towards control of cancer-related pain. Pain is seen as a condition that may be controlled but affects the capacity to lead a normal life.