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101. Intraosseous Lipoma

Author

Japour, Christopher, primary, Giorgini, Renato, primary, Aska, Glenroy, primary, Thomas, Mary, primary, and Reynolds, Eric, primary

Published
2010
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104. Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Author

Elizabeth M Race and Anthony J Japour

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, General Medicine, business, Antiretroviral therapy
Published
1998

109. Identification of Genotypic Changes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease That Correlate with Reduced Susceptibility to the Protease Inhibitor Lopinavir among Viral Isolates from Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Patients

Author

Kempf, Dale J., primary, Isaacson, Jeffrey D., additional, King, Martin S., additional, Brun, Scott C., additional, Xu, Yi, additional, Real, Kathryn, additional, Bernstein, Barry M., additional, Japour, Anthony J., additional, Sun, Eugene, additional, and Rode, Richard A., additional

Published
2001
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112. Duodenal plasmacytoma: a rare extramedullary localization simulating carcinoma of the head of the pancreas

Author

J. I. Livingstone, C. Wastell, J. N. el-Japour, G. Schoretsanitis, and N. Watkins

Subjects
Male, endocrine system, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Diagnosis, Differential, Duodenal Neoplasms, immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, neoplasms, Duodenal Neoplasm, Gastrointestinal tract, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pancreatic Neoplasms, medicine.anatomical_structure, Duodenum, Plasmacytoma, Extramedullary plasmacytoma, Differential diagnosis, Pancreas, business, Research Article
Abstract

Summary Plasmacytomas occurring in extramedullary sites are rare tumours, particularly so when located in the gastrointestinal tract. We report the case of a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma arising in the duodenum and simulating a carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. Diagnostic and treatment options are discussed.

Published
1994

116. ABT-378, a Highly Potent Inhibitor of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease

Author

Sham, Hing L., primary, Kempf, Dale J., additional, Molla, Akhteruzammen, additional, Marsh, Kennan C., additional, Kumar, Gondi N., additional, Chen, Chih-Ming, additional, Kati, Warren, additional, Stewart, Kent, additional, Lal, Ritu, additional, Hsu, Ann, additional, Betebenner, David, additional, Korneyeva, Marina, additional, Vasavanonda, Sudthida, additional, McDonald, Edith, additional, Saldivar, Ayda, additional, Wideburg, Norm, additional, Chen, Xiaoqi, additional, Niu, Ping, additional, Park, Chang, additional, Jayanti, Venkata, additional, Grabowski, Brian, additional, Granneman, G. Richard, additional, Sun, Eugene, additional, Japour, Anthony J., additional, Leonard, John M., additional, Plattner, Jacob J., additional, and Norbeck, Daniel W., additional

Published
1998
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118. Interlaboratory concordance of DNA sequence analysis to detect reverse transcriptase mutations in HIV-1 proviral DNA

Author

M. Demeter, Lisa, primary, D'Aquila, Richard, additional, Weislow, Owen, additional, Lorenzo, Eric, additional, Erice, Alejo, additional, Fitzgibbon, Joseph, additional, Shafer, Robert, additional, Richman, Douglas, additional, M. Howard, Thomas, additional, Zhao, Yuqi, additional, Fisher, Eva, additional, Huang, Diana, additional, Mayers, Douglas, additional, Sylvester, Shelly, additional, Arens, Max, additional, Sannerud, Kim, additional, Rasheed, Suraiya, additional, Johnson, Victoria, additional, Kuritzkes, Daniel, additional, Reichelderfer, Patricia, additional, and Japour, Anthony, additional

Published
1998
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123. Association of Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Level withRisk of Clinical Progression in Patients with Advanced Infection

Author

Coombs, R. W., primary, Welles, S. L., additional, Hooper, C., additional, Reichelderfer, P. A., additional, D'Aquila, R. T., additional, Japour, A. J., additional, Kuritzkes, D. R., additional, Richman, D. D., additional, Kwok, S., additional, Todd, J., additional, Jackson, J. B., additional, DeGruttola, V., additional, Crumpacker, C. S., additional, and Kahn, J., additional

Published
1996
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124. Prognostic Value of Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-l) RNA Levels in Patients with Advanced HIV-l Disease and with Little or No Prior Zidovudine Therapy

Author

Welles, S. L., primary, Jackson, J. B., additional, Yen-Lieberman, B., additional, Demeter, L., additional, Japour, A. J., additional, Smeaton, L. M., additional, Johnson, V. A., additional, Kuritzkes, D. R., additional, D'Aquila, R. T., additional, Reichelderfer, P. A., additional, Richman, D. D., additional, Reichman, R., additional, Fischl, M., additional, Dolin, R., additional, Coombs, R. W., additional, Kahn, J. O., additional, McLaren, C., additional, Todd, J., additional, Kwok, S., additional, and Crumpacker, C. S., additional

Published
1996
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125. Interlaboratory comparison of sequence-specific PCR and ligase detection reaction to detect a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance mutation. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group Virology Committee Drug Resistance Working Group

Author

Shafer, R W, primary, Winters, M A, additional, Mayers, D L, additional, Japour, A J, additional, Kuritzkes, D R, additional, Weislow, O S, additional, White, F, additional, Erice, A, additional, Sannerud, K J, additional, Iversen, A, additional, Pena, F, additional, Dimitrov, D, additional, Frenkel, L M, additional, and Reichelderfer, P S, additional

Published
1996
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131. Standardized peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture assay for determination of drug susceptibilities of clinical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates. The RV-43 Study Group, the AIDS Clinical Trials Group Virology Committee Resistance Working Group

Author

Japour, A J, primary, Mayers, D L, additional, Johnson, V A, additional, Kuritzkes, D R, additional, Beckett, L A, additional, Arduino, J M, additional, Lane, J, additional, Black, R J, additional, Reichelderfer, P S, additional, and D'Aquila, R T, additional

Published
1993
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133. Zidovudine Resistance and HIV-1 Disease Progression during Antiretroviral Therapy

Author

Anthony J. Japour, Patricia Reichelderfer, Seth L. Welles, Clyde S. Crumpacker, Robert W. Coombs, Douglas D. Richman, Victoria A. Johnson, Victor DeGruttola, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Richard T. D'Aquila, and James O. Kahn

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, General Medicine, Drug resistance, medicine.disease, law.invention, Clinical trial, Zidovudine, Pharmacotherapy, Randomized controlled trial, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), law, Internal medicine, Immunology, Internal Medicine, Medicine, business, Didanosine, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the association between resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to zidovudine and clinical progression. Design Retrospective analysis of specimens from patients in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) protocol 116B/117, a randomized comparison of didanosine with continued zidovudine therapy in patients with advanced HIV-1 disease who had received 16 weeks or more of previous zidovudine therapy. Setting Participating ACTG virology laboratories. Patients 187 patients with baseline HIV-1 isolates. Measurements Zidovudine susceptibility testing and assays for syncytium-inducing phenotype were done on baseline HIV-1 isolates. Relative hazards for clinical progression or death associated with baseline clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors were determined from Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results Compared with other patients, 15% (26 of 170) with isolates showing high-level zidovudine resistance (50% inhibitory zidovudine concentration > or = 1.0 microM) had 1.74 times the risk for progressing to a new AIDS-defining event or death (95% CI, 1.00 to 3.03) and 2.78 times the risk for death (CI, 1.21 to 6.39) in analyses that controlled for baseline CD4+ T-lymphocyte count, syncytium-inducing HIV-1 phenotype, disease stage, and randomized treatment assignment. The clinical benefit of didanosine was not limited to patients with highly zidovudine-resistant baseline HIV-1 isolates. Conclusions High-level resistance of HIV-1 to zidovudine predicted more rapid clinical progression and death when adjusted for other factors. However, patients with advanced HIV-1 disease may benefit from a change in monotherapy from zidovudine to didanosine whether high-level HIV-1 resistance to zidovudine is present or absent, and laboratory assessment of zidovudine resistance is not necessary for deciding when to switch monotherapy from zidovudine to didanosine.

Published
1995

135. Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Zidovudine Resistance Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Isolated from Patients after Long-Term Zidovudine Treatment.

Author

Japour, A. J., Welles, S., D'Aquila, R. T., Johnson, V. A., Richman, D. D., Coombs, R. W., Reichelderfer, P. S., Kahn, J. O., Crumpacker, C. S., and Kuritzkes, D. R.

Abstract

Zidovudine resistance mutations at reverse. transcriptase codons 215 or 41 were found in two-thirds of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates obtained at baseline from patients enrolled in an AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) protocol that compared didanosine with continued zidovudine in patients with ⩽16 weeks of previous zidovudine therapy (ACTG 116B/117). The combined presence of mutations at both codons 215 and 41 conferred an increased risk for progression (relative hazard, 1.82; 95% confidence interval [Cl], 1.02–3.26) and an increased risk for death (RH, 5.42; 95% CI, 1.92–15.30) in analyses that controlled for other factors predictive of progression. However, the benefit of switching to didanosine compared with continued zidovudine therapy was independent of the presence of these mutations. Although this information is not helpful in determining when to alter therapy, detection of zidovudine resisranee mutations provides prognostic information in patients with advanced HIV disease. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1995

137. Changes in Virologic Markers as Predictors of CD4 Cell Decline and Progression of Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Adults Treated with Nucleosides.

Author

Fiscus, Susan A., Hughes, Michael D., Lathey, Janet L., Pi, Timothy, Jackson, J. Brooks, Rasheed, Suraiya, Elbeik, Tarek, Reichman, Richard, Japour, Anthony, Byington, Roy, Scott, Walter, Griffith, Brigitte P., Katzenstein, David A., and Hammer, Scott M.

Abstract

The associations of CD4 cell count, plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA, infectious HIV titer in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, immune complex-disrupted (ICD) p24 antigen, and MT-2 assays with measures of disease progression after drug treatment were assessed in a subset of patients enrolled in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 175. Baseline plasma RNA levels and changes in RNA values at weeks 8 or 56 were more important predictors of disease progression than were baseline or changes in CD4 cell counts. Each 10-fold lower HIV RNA concentration at baseline and each 10-fold decrease in HIV RNA between baseline and week 8 was associated with increases of 49–61 CD4 cells/mm3 at weeks 56 and 104. In multivariate analyses, neither baseline values nor changes in infectious HIV titer nor ICD p24 antigen concentrations were associated with long-term changes in CD4 cell count. Plasma HIV-1 RNA appears to be the best predictor of long-term CD4 cell count responses and disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1998
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138. Variability and Prognostic Values of Virologic and CD4 Cell Measures in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Patients with 200–500 CD4 Cells/mm3 (ACTG 175).

Author

Lathey, Janet L., Hughes, Michael D., Fiscus, Susan A., Pi, Timothy, Jackson, J. Brooks, Rasheed, Suraiya, Elbeik, Tarek, Reichman, Richard, Japour, Anthony, D'Aquila, Richard T., Scott, Walter, Griffith, Brigitte P., Hammer, Scott M., and Katzenstein, David A.

Abstract

Virologic measurements are increasingly used to evaluate prognosis and treatment responses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection. Markers of HIV-1 replication, including infectious HIV-1 titer from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, serum HIV-1 p24 antigen, plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 cell numbers, and viral syncytium-inducing (SI) phenotype, were determined in 391 virology substudy participants in AIDS Clinical Trials Group study 175. The subjects had 200–500 CD4 cells/mm3. All markers of viral replication significantly correlated with one another and were inversely related to CD4 cell number. Disease progression to an AIDS-defining event or death or loss of >.50% of CD4 cells was associated with infectious HIV-1 titer (P < .001), HIV-1 RNA (P < .001), and HIV-1 p24 antigen (P = .007). In multivariate proportional hazards models, p24 antigen was never significant when HIV-1 RNA level was included. In a model containing infectious HIV-1 titer (P = .038), HIV-1 RNA (P < .001), SI phenotype (P < .001), and CD4 cell number (P = .18), only the virologic parameters remained significantly associated with progression. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1998
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139. Intraosseous Lipoma: A Report of Two Cases with Use of Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Void Filler

Author

Japour, Christopher, Giorgini, Renato, Aska, Glenroy, Thomas, Mary, and Reynolds, Eric

Abstract

Intraosseous lipoma is a rare bone tumor that may be encountered in clinical practice. It is benign and is described as a well-defined, radiolucent lesion that must be differentiated from other lytic lesions. Most of these lesions may be treated without surgery; however, when surgery is needed, the classic approach involves curettage and packing using autologous bone grafts, allografts, or synthetic bone substitutes. This article reports two cases using a synthetic bone substitute, TheriLok, to fill the void made from surgical curettage of the intraosseous lipoma. Both patients tolerated the TheriLok bone substitute without developing adverse reactions and precluded the need for a secondary donor site. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 100(6): 487–492, 2010)

Published
2010

140. Insertions into the beta3-beta4 hairpin loop of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase reveal a role for fingers subdomain in processive polymerization.

Author

Kew, Y, Olsen, L R, Japour, A J, and Prasad, V R

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) displays a characteristic poor processivity during DNA polymerization. Structural elements of RT that determine processivity are poorly understood. The three-dimensional structure of HIV-1 RT, which assumes a hand-like structure, shows that the fingers, palm, and thumb subdomains form the template-binding cleft and may be involved in determining the degree of processivity. To assess the influence of fingers subdomain of HIV-1 RT in polymerase processivity, two insertions were engineered in the beta3-beta4 hairpin of HIV-1NL4-3 RT. The recombinant mutant RTs, named FE20 and FE103, displayed wild type or near wild type levels of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity on all templates tested and wild type or near wild type-like sensitivities to dideoxy-NTPs. When polymerase activities were measured under conditions that allow a single cycle of DNA polymerization, both of the mutants displayed 25-30% greater processivity than wild type enzyme. Homology modeling the three-dimensional structures of wild type HIV-1NL4-3 RT and its finger insertion mutants revealed that the extended loop between the beta3 and beta4 strands protrudes into the cleft, reducing the distance between the fingers and thumb subdomains to approximately 12 A. Analysis of the models for the mutants suggests an extensive interaction between the protein and template-primer, which may reduce the degree of superstructure in the template-primer. Our data suggest that the beta3-beta4 hairpin of fingers subdomain is an important determinant of processive polymerization by HIV-1 RT.

Published
1998

141. Vitamin K-dependent proteins and anticonvulsant medication

Author

D A, Keith, C M, Gundberg, A, Japour, J, Aronoff, N, Alvarez, and P M, Gallop

Subjects
Phenytoin, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, Vitamin K, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Osteocalcin, Vitamin k, Pharmacology, Pathogenesis, Seizures, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Drug Interactions, Child, Vitamin K metabolism, biology, business.industry, Calcium-Binding Proteins, Infant, Middle Aged, Endocrinology, Anticonvulsant, Child, Preschool, Phenobarbital, Toxicity, biology.protein, Anticonvulsants, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Certain anticonvulsant drugs, especially phenytoin and phenobarbital, interfere with vitamin K metabolism as indicated by a raised serum osteocalcin level. This finding may be of importance in the pathogenesis of side effects of these medications.

Published
1983

142. ABT-378, a highly potent inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus protease

Author

Ayda Saldivar, David A. Betebenner, Eugene Sun, Daniel W. Norbeck, Kennan C. Marsh, Venkata Jayanti, Edith McDonald, Norm Wideburg, John M. Leonard, Kent D. Stewart, Xiaoqi Chen, Sudthida Vasavanonda, Warren M. Kati, Ping Niu, Marina Korneyeva, Anthony J. Japour, Dale J. Kempf, Jacob J. Plattner, Hing L. Sham, Akhteruzammen Molla, Brian Grabowski, Ann Hsu, Gondi N. Kumar, Chang Park, Chih-Ming Chen, Ritu Lal, and G. Richard Granneman

Subjects
Male, Models, Molecular, Anti-HIV Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, Pyrimidinones, In Vitro Techniques, Crystallography, X-Ray, Antiviral Agents, Lopinavir, Virus, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Dogs, HIV Protease, In vivo, medicine, Animals, Humans, Potency, Drug Interactions, Pharmacology (medical), Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), Pharmacology, Ritonavir, Protease, biology, virus diseases, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Virology, Rats, Macaca fascicularis, Infectious Diseases, Enzyme inhibitor, Area Under Curve, HIV-1, Microsomes, Liver, biology.protein, Female, medicine.drug
Abstract

The valine at position 82 (Val 82) in the active site of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease mutates in response to therapy with the protease inhibitor ritonavir. By using the X-ray crystal structure of the complex of HIV protease and ritonavir, the potent protease inhibitor ABT-378, which has a diminished interaction with Val 82, was designed. ABT-378 potently inhibited wild-type and mutant HIV protease ( K i = 1.3 to 3.6 pM), blocked the replication of laboratory and clinical strains of HIV type 1 (50% effective concentration [EC 50 ], 0.006 to 0.017 μM), and maintained high potency against mutant HIV selected by ritonavir in vivo (EC 50 , ≤0.06 μM). The metabolism of ABT-378 was strongly inhibited by ritonavir in vitro. Consequently, following concomitant oral administration of ABT-378 and ritonavir, the concentrations of ABT-378 in rat, dog, and monkey plasma exceeded the in vitro antiviral EC 50 in the presence of human serum by >50-fold after 8 h. In healthy human volunteers, coadministration of a single 400-mg dose of ABT-378 with 50 mg of ritonavir enhanced the area under the concentration curve of ABT-378 in plasma by 77-fold over that observed after dosing with ABT-378 alone, and mean concentrations of ABT-378 exceeded the EC 50 for >24 h. These results demonstrate the potential utility of ABT-378 as a therapeutic intervention against AIDS.

143. A Phase-I study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiviral activity of combination didanosine and ribavirin in patients with HIV-1 disease

Author

Japour, A.J., Lertora, J.J., Meehan, P.M., Erice, A., Connor, J.D., Griffith, B.P., Clax, P.A., Holdenwiltse, J., Hussey, S., Walesky, M., Cooney, E., Pollard, R., Timpone, J., Mclaren, C., Johanneson, N., Wood, K., Booth, D.K., and Bassiakos, Y.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Drug therapy, Drug therapy, Combination -- Evaluation, Didanosine -- Evaluation, Ribavirin -- Evaluation
Abstract

Japour, A.J.; Lertora, J.J.; Meehan, P.M.; Erice, A.; Connor, J.D.; Griffith, B.P.; Clax, P.A.; Holdenwiltse, J.; Hussey, S.; Walesky, M.; Cooney, E.; Pollard, R.; Timpone, J.; Mclaren, C.; Johanneson, N.; [...]

Published
1996

144. The relation of virologic and immunologic markers to clinical outcomes after neucleoside therapy in HIV-infected adults with 200 to 500 CD4 cells per cubic centimeter

Author

Katzenstein, D.A., Hammer, S.M., Gundacker, H., Jackson, J.B., Fiscus, S., Rasheed, S., Elbeik, T., Reichmen, R., Japour, A., Merigan, T.C., and Hirsch, M.S.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Prognosis, Nucleosides -- Health aspects
Abstract

Katzenstein, D.A.; Hammer, S.M.; Hughes, M.D.; Gundacker, H.; Jackson, J.B.; Fiscus, S.; Rasheed, S.; Elbeik, T.; Reichman, R.; Japour, A.; Merigan, T.C.; Hirsch, M.S. "The Relation of Virologic and Immunologic [...]

Published
1996

145. Association of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA level of risk of clinical progression in patients with advanced infection

Author

Coombs, R.W., Welles, S.L., Hooper, C., Reichelderfer, P.S., Daquila, R.T., Japour, A.J., Johnson, V.A., Kuritzkes, D.R., Richman, D.D., Kwok, S., Todd, J., Jackson, J.B., Degruttola, V., Crumpacker, C.S., and Kahn, J.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Development and progression, Blood plasma -- Analysis, RNA viruses -- Reproduction, Virulence (Microbiology) -- Research
Abstract

Coombs, R.W.; Welles, S.L.; Hooper, C.; Reichelderfer, P.S.; Daquila, R.T.; Japour, A.J.; Johnson, V.A.; Kuritzkes, D.R.; Richman, D.D.; Kwok, S.; Todd, J.; Jackson, J.B.; Degruttola, V.; Crumpacker, C.S.; Kahn, J. [...]

Published
1996

146. Mutagenesis of the HIV-1 RT beta-3-beta-4 hairpin reveals structure-function constraints on RT activity and novel mutations conferring dideoxynucleoside triphosphate resistance

Author

Japour, A.J., Drosopoulos, W., Katapodis, N., Chung, P.H., Kew, Y., and Prasad, V.

Subjects
HIV infection -- Development and progression
Abstract

According to an abstract submitted by the authors to the 1996 meeting on Retroviruses, sponsored by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, held May 21-26, 1996, in Cold Spring Harbor, New York, [...]

Published
1996

147. A rapid, direct test for zidovudine susceptibility in clinical isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from infected children

Author

Lan, Y., Japour, A.J., Kim, S., Welles, S.L., Crumpacker, C.S., Cooper, E., Alattar, I., and Mcintosh, K.

Subjects
Zidovudine -- Physiological aspects, HIV infection in children -- Drug therapy
Abstract

According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Clinical and Diagnostic Virology, "BACKGROUND: Existing phenotypic tests of antiretroviral susceptibility in clinical isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are [...]

Published
1995

149. Safety and Antiviral Activity at 48 Weeks of Lopinavir/Ritonavir plus Nevirapine and 2 Nucleoside Reverse-Transcriptase Inhibitors in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Protease Inhibitor-Experienced Patients.

Author

Benson, Constance A., Deeks, Steven G., Brun, Scott C., Gulick, Roy M., Eron, Joseph J., Kessler, Harold A., Murphy, Robert L., Hicks, Charles, King, Martin, Wheeler, David, Feinberg, Judith, Stryker, Richard, Sax, Paul E., Riddler, Sharon, Thompson, Melanie, Real, Kathryn, Hsu, Ann, Kempf, Dale, and Japour, Anthony J.

Subjects
*THERAPEUTIC use of protease inhibitors, *ANTIVIRAL agents, *THERAPEUTICS, *HIV infections
Abstract

The safety and antiviral activity of lopinavir (Lpv), a protease inhibitor (PI) coformulated with ritonavir (Rtv) to enhance its pharmacokinetic properties, were evaluated in 70 patients with plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels of 1000-100,000 copies/ mL on a first PI-containing regimen. Patients were randomized to substitute only the PI with Lpv/Rtv, 400/100 mg or 400/200 mg twice daily. On day 15, nevirapine (200 mg 2x/day) was added, and nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors were changed. Despite a .4-fold reduction in phenotypic susceptibility to the preentry PI in 63% of patients, mean plasma HIV-1 RNA levels declined by 1.14 log10 copies/mL after 2 weeks of Lpv/Rtv. At week 48, 86% of subjects receiving treatment had plasma HIV-1 RNA levels of <400 copies/mL; 76% had levels <50 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL (intent-to-treat: 70%and 60%, respectively). Mean CD4 cell counts increased by 125 cells/μL. Three patients discontinued therapy for drug-related adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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