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Currently, macroseismic data are mostly obtained through online questionnaires posted on the websites of regional and international seismological agencies. Generally, strong earthquakes lead to a large number of users attempting to access the sites, which often leads to server overloads, the disruption of normal access to seismological sites, and, as a result, a sharp decrease in the efficiency of collecting macroseismic data through online questionnaires. In such cases, the only way to make up for the lack of macroseismic data is to directly ask residents to share their observations and fill out an online questionnaire. The use of instant messaging apps seems to be the best way, because they provide wide coverage and high speeds. The efficiency of this method has been confirmed during two relatively strong earthquakes in the Baikal region (September 21, 2020, Mw = 5.6, and June 8, 2022, Mw = 5.2), which were accompanied by the website crashing. Sending requests to earthquake eyewitnesses via the Viber instant messaging app made it possible to increase the number of responses by 5–8 times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conversational artificial intelligence (AI), particularly AI-based conversational agents (CAs), is gaining traction in mental health care. Despite their growing usage, there is a scarcity of comprehensive evaluations of their impact on mental health and well-being. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to fill this gap by synthesizing evidence on the effectiveness of AI-based CAs in improving mental health and factors influencing their effectiveness and user experience. Twelve databases were searched for experimental studies of AI-based CAs' effects on mental illnesses and psychological well-being published before May 26, 2023. Out of 7834 records, 35 eligible studies were identified for systematic review, out of which 15 randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that AI-based CAs significantly reduce symptoms of depression (Hedge's g 0.64 [95% CI 0.17–1.12]) and distress (Hedge's g 0.7 [95% CI 0.18–1.22]). These effects were more pronounced in CAs that are multimodal, generative AI-based, integrated with mobile/instant messaging apps, and targeting clinical/subclinical and elderly populations. However, CA-based interventions showed no significant improvement in overall psychological well-being (Hedge's g 0.32 [95% CI –0.13 to 0.78]). User experience with AI-based CAs was largely shaped by the quality of human-AI therapeutic relationships, content engagement, and effective communication. These findings underscore the potential of AI-based CAs in addressing mental health issues. Future research should investigate the underlying mechanisms of their effectiveness, assess long-term effects across various mental health outcomes, and evaluate the safe integration of large language models (LLMs) in mental health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant proportion of smartphone notifications are indicative of human behaviour (e.g. delivery updates for purchased items, physical activity summaries, and notification of updates to subscribed content). However, present attempts to understand human behaviour from smartphone traces typically focus on sensors such as location, accelerometer and proximity, overlooking the potential for notifications as a valuable data source. In this paper, we propose a general framework that provides end-to-end processing of notifications to understand behavioural aspects. We realise the framework with an implementation that tackles the specific use case of establishing prior buying behaviour from associated notifications. To evaluate the framework and implementation, we conduct a longitudinal user study in which we collect more than 250, 000 notifications, from twelve users, over an average of three months. We apply knowledge-based and machine learning techniques to those notifications to assess the tasks of the proposed framework. The results show a substantial difference in the performance between the methods used to extract behavioural features from the collected notifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of different educational tools for knowledge enhancement of elementary school staff about the management of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). Materials and Methods. This quasi-experimental (pretest–posttest) study was conducted on 126 elementary school staff in Qazvin city, who were randomly selected by the cluster sampling in 2020. The baseline knowledge level of the participants about TDIs was assessed by an online questionnaire. Next, they were randomized into the poster, video clip, and no-intervention control groups (56 samples in each group). An informatory poster and a video clip about TDIs were sent to the participants in the first two groups, respectively, through the WhatsApp instant messaging app, and the knowledge level of the three groups was assessed again after 3 weeks. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, McNemar test, chi-square test, and t-test. Results. A significant correlation was noted between the baseline knowledge level of the participants and their educational level, participation in first aid courses covering TDIs, and history of encountering TDIs (P < 0.05). The knowledge level of the participants significantly increased after the intervention in the poster and video clip groups (P < 0.05). Knowledge enhancement was 43.26% in the poster and 36.61% in the video clip group (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Despite the low-baseline knowledge level of the elementary school staff in Qazvin city about TDIs, their knowledge level significantly improved after the educational interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well-designed health communication campaigns can contribute to the uptake of preventive behaviors, but there has been a lack of attention on using communication research to develop opioid misuse prevention messages. We report the results of two studies designed to inform the development of prescription opioid misuse prevention messages for adults ages 30–59. In Study 1, 16 adults across 4 counties participated in semi-structured interviews to provide input on message concepts addressing six key prescription opioid misuse prevention behaviors. In Study 2, 1,335 adults completed an online, survey-based between-subjects experiment in which participants were randomized to a no message control condition or a message condition that aligned with a prevention behavior. The survey examined Reasoned Action Approach (RAA) predictors of intention in no message control participants and examined differences in intention to perform prevention behaviors among experimental conditions. The qualitative interviews yielded insights about message preferences and perceived facilitators and barriers related to the prevention behaviors. The online survey demonstrated that attitude and descriptive norms are important determinants of preventive behaviors and potential targets for communication interventions. Message testing results demonstrated that the draft messages were effective in changing intentions to safely store, securely dispose of, and monitor the use of prescription opioids, but they were not effective in increasing intentions to talk to healthcare providers, older adults, or children about proper opioid use. A communication campaign addressing attitudes and perceived descriptive norms may be successful in increasing intentions to engage in opioid misuse prevention behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigated the awareness and use of Web 2.0 tools by students at BA ISAGO University, Botswana. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from the targeted respondents. The results revealed that students are quite familiar with most Web 2.0 tools, such as Facebook, Twitter, media sharing tools, Google Drive, and instant messaging. Even though students are very familiar with and aware of the identified tools, the study found that most students hardly used them. Some of the reasons given by the students include inadequate numbers of computers available to be used by the students in the computer laboratories and limited access to Internet services as well as power failures. Based on these findings, the study recommended integrating a large part of using Web 2.0 tools in the curricula and improving the university infrastructures to facilitate higher uptake and improvement in student skills and the drive to use the tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the experiences of Chinese and Japanese university English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students who engaged in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) virtual exchanges through mobile instant messaging (MIM). Participants from universities in Japan and mainland China took part in a six-week online lingua franca exchange project using 'WeChat', a Chinese MIM application. Based on thematic analysis of post-project interviews, this study demonstrates the advantages and limitations of MIM for lingua franca exchanges from the perspective of university EFL students. The findings demonstrate students' positive perceptions and utilization of the flexibility of MIM communication, including synchronous and asynchronous options, along with various semiotic resources like images, emojis, and stickers. However, there were several challenges including concerns about intrusiveness caused by immediate responses and the platform's suitability for users from diverse regions. The study concludes by offering language educators practical guidelines for implementing MIM-based lingua franca exchanges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we developed and tested a theoretical model to understand online music piracy behavior via email and instant messaging. We developed this theoretical model by drawing on a comprehensive literature review on music piracy, theory of reasoned action, social identity, and the deterrence theory. We collected primary data to test the hypotheses, and the results from the partial least squares analyses suggest attitude toward music file-sharing behavior and social identity positively affect intention to pirate music, whereas the perceived severity and certainty of punishment do not have significant effects on the attitude. The findings highlight the important role of social identity when a theoretical model with the concept explains music file-sharing behavior without monetary benefits in return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores undergraduate students' experiences and perceptions of group discussions facilitated by eStudentMentors in WhatsApp or Telegram groups in the context of German language learning. eStudentMentors are senior peers who volunteer to support novice language learners. The study was conducted with 159 students enrolled in German Language Level 1 and German Language Level 2 at a university in Singapore. Each of the language classes comprises 15-21 students and are assigned an eStudentMentor to facilitate online learning and discussions in a dedicated WhatsApp or Telegram group. With considerations to information-sharing behaviour, the study examines how receptive students are to online information-sharing in this context. As such, a combined quantitative and qualitative online survey questionnaire was used to collect data, with survey questions examining information-sharing behaviour governed by personality traits and based on the Social Exchange Theory, Social Capital Theory, and theory of instinctive information-sharing behaviour. Overall, 55.97% of the students who completed the survey used the WhatsApp or Telegram groups created by their eStudentMentor to ask or answer questions and share information at least once throughout the semester. In comparison, the other 44.13% were completely inactive in their chat groups. This analysis examined the reasons behind this group of students' inactivity and found that a major factor for individual inactivity was the overall inactivity of the chats, which makes the active facilitation of the eStudentMentor a crucial element for success. The lack of social bonds appears to be another main reason for inactivity. Additional factors are class size, unfamiliarity with their classmates, fear of judgement, feeling awkward, having negative assumptions, and low commitment levels. The findings counter the Social Exchange Theory (SET) propositions, as the greater benefits of information sharing are overshadowed by the seemingly trivial cost. Yet, these costs in the form of social perceptions and pressures appear to accumulate and collectively outweigh the rationally perceived benefits to the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Illegal investment schemes have been a long-standing problem in Malaysia. According to the most current National Risk Assessment conducted by Bank Negara Malaysia, fraud is the most widespread, with the most considerable losses recorded. Despite repeated efforts to crack down on the operation of unlawful investment schemes, the reported cases showed a growing trend with total losses year on year. This research is conducted to gain insight into Malaysia's current trend of illegal investment schemes and modus operandi adopted by the Malaysian Government to combat them. Malaysia's regulatory structure was also examined, including relevant laws, regulations, enforcement measures, and prevention and mitigation efforts. This research found that illegal investment schemes are highly complex and aided by technology, mainly social media and instant messaging apps. Further, the past Covid-19 outbreak has exacerbated illegal investment activities. Mule accounts, cryptocurrency, and e-wallets played significant roles in illegally obtained money's movement. This research also made recommendations to prevent the continuation of illegal investment schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) is a promising intervention mode for HIV prevention, but little is known about its feasibility and effects in promoting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among Chinese gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). Methods: We evaluated an instant messaging application using a WeChat-based mini-app to promote PrEP uptake among GBMSM via a mixed-methods design that includes a 12-week, two-arm randomized controlled pilot trial and in-depth progress interviews in Guangzhou, China. Primary outcomes include the number of PrEP initiations, individual-level psychosocial variables related to PrEP initiation, and usability of the PrEP mini-app. Results: Between November 2020 and April 2021, 70 GBMSM were successfully enrolled and randomized into two arms at 2:1 ratio (46 to the intervention arm, 24 to the control arm). By the end of 12-week follow-up, 22 (31.4%) participants completed the initial consultation and lab tests for PrEP, and 13 (18.6%) filled their initial PrEP prescription. We observed modest but non-significant improvements in participants' intention to use PrEP, actual PrEP initiation, PrEP-related self-efficacy, stigma, and attitudes over 12 weeks when comparing the mini-app and the control arms. Qualitative interviews revealed the key barriers to PrEP uptake include anticipated stigma and discrimination in clinical settings, burden of PrEP care, and limited operating hours of the PrEP clinic. In-person clinic navigation support was highly valued. Conclusions: This pilot trial of a mobile phone-based PrEP mini-app demonstrated feasibility and identified limitations in facilitating PrEP uptake among Chinese GBMSM. Future improvements may include diversifying the content presentation in engaging media formats, adding user engagement features, and providing off-line in-clinic navigation support during initial PrEP visit. More efforts are needed to understand optimal strategies to identify and implement alternative PrEP provision models especially in highly stigmatized settings with diverse needs. Trial registration: Trial registration: The study was prospectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04426656) on 11 June, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper targets the division of labor between borrowed English forms and heritage alternatives in Belgian-Dutch youth language. Through lexical semantic analysis of a youth-language corpus containing over 450,000 private instant messages, the choice for English or Dutch person-reference nouns (e.g. Eng. girlfriend, loser, sister; Du. vriendin, sukkel, zus) is studied at three levels of semasiological granularity. First, at the level of the semantic field as a whole, Dutch appears to have the strongest foothold, accounting for over 75 % of the types and over 85 % of the tokens referencing people. Second, coarse-grained semantic-feature annotation reveals that Dutch retains its dominant position in all identified semantic subcategories of person-reference nouns although some hubs of English are also attested. Third, an in-depth analysis of the selection between the near-synonyms sis, sister, zus, zusje and zuster in the corpus indicates socio-pragmatic differentiation between the English and Dutch terms, English being used more for (affective) address and for friends, Dutch being reserved for reference and for proper kin. Overall, our study indicates the potential of a three-tiered onomasiological approach: the results of the three case studies show both similarities, in the systematically stronger foothold of Dutch at all levels of analysis, and differences, in the semantic specialization for English progressively uncovered from the first to the third sub-study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between workplace communication and affective outcomes, specifically connectedness at work and affective organizational commitment, is one that warrants further investigation for practical usage in the increasingly multimodal workplace. This study considers the frequency of use across five communication modalities, that being face-to-face, email, phone calls, instant messaging, and video calls, in relation to affective outcomes, as well as their relationships with communication meaningfulness. Employed participants (n = 516) completed an online survey in which they self-reported weekly communication tendencies, experienced connectedness, and affective organizational commitment. The final sample consisted of participants across 20 different industries in the United States. The most respondents worked in Health Care and Social Assistance or Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services (15% each), followed closely by respondents from Educational Services or Finance and Insurance (13% each). Data collection took place in between October 2021 and January 2022. Generally, participants who reported more frequent communication at work reported higher levels of connectedness and higher affective organizational commitment. Employees who found their communication more meaningful (irrespective of frequency) felt the most emotionally connected. Unique benefits of different communication modalities, as well as implications for hybrid and remote organizations, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media scholarship inadequately conceptualizes the online interactions between emergency managers and the communities they serve. Limited data availability, data formatting constraints, and the general failure of researchers to apply relevant social science theories contribute to the problem. This paper summarizes a framework to conceptualize and measure interactions by accounting for both the information flow between different actors (i.e., structure) and the messages' underlying meaning (i.e., content). By combining both concepts, analysts can distinguish between profoundly different ways to inform and engage followers. The approach (1) provides precise terminology to characterize the government–public dynamic on social networking sites, microblogs, and instant messaging services; (2) draws on multiple data collection techniques and research methods; and (3) illuminates methodological pitfalls to avoid. The technical paper also contributes to a larger conversation about extracting meaning from the data found in the digital environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building upon recent theoretical perspectives on emotional flow and the dynamic nature of fear appeals specifically, this study examined the sequencing effects of the emotions (i.e., fear and hope) induced from a fear appeal on persuasion in the context of MMR vaccination. Specifically, an experiment (N = 386) with 2 video messages was conducted that manipulated the sequence in which participants experienced fear and hope, resulting in a fear → hope appeal and a hope → fear appeal. The findings show that the fear → hope appeal was more effective in increasing activism intentions than the hope → fear appeal. Fear and hope at different time points served as mediators for this effect. In addition, issue relevance was a moderator for this effect such that the fear → hope appeal was more effective only among those perceiving the issue as highly relevant. Discussions and implications are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Instant messaging applications integrated in smartphones have favored the emergence of new digital writing systems, which are characterized by the use of specific spellings called textisms. This study analyses the relationship between the use of textisms and spelling mistakes in academic texts. The methodology applied was descriptive, based on a directed content analysis. The sample consisted of 270 students in the third and fourth years of compulsory secondary education enrolled in twelve public high schools in the autonomous community of Andalusia. Data were obtained from real texts provided by the students participating in the study, extracted, on the one hand, from WhatsApp messages from their smartphones, and, on the other, from academic texts produced as an activity in the secondary school classroom. The results obtained from the descriptive analyses and the bivariate correlation analyses (Pearson coefficient) allow us to affirm that the average number of textisms in WhatsApp of the sample is much higher than the number of misspellings in school texts, which confirms that textisms are intentional discrepancies with the academic norm in the digital context. Consequently, they cannot be considered as misspellings that occur due to a lack of knowledge of the Spanish language, but rather as new forms of language generated by the use of digital technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Society is witnessing two parallel phenomena: an increase in the number of mobile phone users worldwide and a growing concern about problematic smartphone use. Leading explanatory models suggest that social reward may explain some problematic smartphone use. Given that experimental evidence about the impact of social variables on problematic smartphone use is scarce, the impact of social expectancy on emotional arousal measured with skin conductance response (SCR) was analysed during instant messaging. Method: A sample of 86 undergraduate students were randomly assigned to two groups. Experimental group participants were instructed to send a social expectation-generating message to their more active contacts in their preferred social network. After experiencing a virtual reality distraction environment, participants' SCR was measured when they were allowed to use the smartphone and when it was withdrawn. Results: Participants in the experimental group showed a higher SCR response than the control group. Peaks analysis also showed that peak amplitude was higher in experimental participants when their smartphones were used and withdrawn. Experimental participants also showed a longer half recovery time when using the smartphone. Conclusions: Social expectancy is a critical variable in understanding problematic smartphone use and it should be considered in clinical contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the growing prevalence of diabetes in the United States and the challenges faced by patients, particularly those with limited English proficiency (LEP). Topics include the disparities in patient-provider interactions for individuals with LEP and type 2 diabetes, the introduction and rapid growth of ChatGPT, a conversational AI model, and a study assessing the appropriateness of ChatGPT's responses to common diabetes-related questions.

Background: Research examining associations between social media use behaviors and psychosocial well-being among older adults are limited. Aims: To explore associations between older adults' social media (social networking services and instant messaging applications) use behaviors and psychosocial well-being. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis. All data were retrieved from the Taiwan Communication Survey database, an annual survey that examines trends in Taiwanese residents' communication behaviors and social media use. The original investigation was conducted in Taiwan from September to December 2019. Data from 647 older adults aged over 60 years were extracted for the analyses. Social media use behaviors (users/non-users and time spent using), positive psychosocial outcomes (life satisfaction, self-determination, subjective well-being, and happiness), negative psychosocial outcomes (loneliness, depression, and anxiety), and demographic variables were included. Results: Social media users had significantly higher levels of subjective well-being and lower levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness compared with non-users. Time spent on social networking services was significantly and positively correlated with negative psychosocial outcomes (β = 0.103, p = 0.044, f2 = 0.011), and it was significantly and inversely correlated with positive psychosocial outcomes (β = − 0.063, p = 0.049, f2 = 0.004). Time spent using an instant messaging application was significantly positively associated with positive psychosocial outcomes (β = 0.068, p = 0.031, f2 = 0.005). The proposed path model had an acceptable model fit. Discussion: Study results indicated that older adults' social media use behaviors were associated with their psychosocial well-being. Conclusions: Older adults are recommended to use social media for appropriate time periods as an important way to promote social engagement for their psychosocial well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of conversational agents empowered by artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more common among tourism and hospitality businesses. Past research on AI has mostly investigated embodied robots rather than disembodied conversational agents. This study investigates the determinants of customers' intention to reuse chatbots through integrating three different perspectives: technology acceptance model, computer-mediated communication theories, and interpersonal communication theories. Using online self-reported data analyzed by hierarchical regression and multigroup structural equation modeling, the efficacy of different theoretical models in predicting chatbot adoption were compared. A separate data set was collected from instant messaging (IM) users to provide implications that further explain the distinction between disembodied conversational agents and human conversational partners. Results suggest that variables associated with TAM and interpersonal attraction exert greatest influence on customers' trust and reuse intention toward conversational agents. Managerial implications are suggested for practitioners to improve chatbot and IM design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology may lead to many new problems, especially for students at high school level. The ease of using and accessing technology increases the risk of the younger pupils' addiction to technology. Problematic uses of technology, especially among high school students, include internet use, instant messaging, online gaming, social networking and computer use. Given the large young population in Turkey, it is important to evaluate the internet-based technologies' potentially positive effects as well as their undesirable effects. For this reason, the technology addiction levels of high school students before and after the pandemic and the change in technology addiction based on demographic characteristics (owning a computer, socio-economic level, time spent on social networks, grade level) were investigated. The cross-sectional survey method, one of the descriptive research designs, was used in the research. Participants consisted of 304 high school students selected via random sampling method. "Technology Addiction Scale" was used in the research. The data of the study was compared with the data of another study conducted with the same measurement tool and a similar sample before the pandemic. As a result of the research, when the addiction levels of adolescents before and after the pandemic are compared, it is seen that the students in the low-risk group move towards the risky and the addicted groups. In addition, it was determined that the percentage of highly-addicted students increased. It was observed that the students' highest addiction levels were in instant messaging, website use, social network use and online gaming, respectively. While the addiction levels of the participants varied based on the time spent on social networks and online gaming, the interaction effect between owning a computer and the family socioeconomic level also caused significant differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of containment measures implemented during COVID-19, the authors needed to re-envision and restructure in-person assessments for learning that provided immediate peer feedback to students in their competency-based financial reporting course. Peer feedback is crucial in competency-based education, as mastering a competency necessitates feedback. This study examines the use of mobile instant messaging (MIM) by students to facilitate peer feedback during online assessments for learning and investigates the types of feedback provided. Content analysis of students' MIMs reveals that cognitive feedback was the most prevalent type provided. Cognitive feedback helps students manage the task at hand, which appears to be important for students coping with the disruptive environment of the pandemic. Although initially prompted by the pandemic, the use of MIM during assessments for learning has the potential to persist in a post-pandemic classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although turn-level dynamics involving the back-and-forth exchange of talk between support seekers and providers form the foundation for supportive conversations, they have largely been overlooked by researchers studying the implications of communication technologies for social support. To address this gap, we demonstrate the utility of examining turn transitions using configural frequency analysis to investigate patterns of talk that mark and distinguish supportive conversations conducted face-to-face and via instant messaging. Using secondary data from two experiments in which the medium for supportive conversations was manipulated among stranger dyads, we explore the nature and prevalence of seeker-to-provider and provider-to-seeker turn transitions. The results demonstrated interpersonal coordination in off-topic talk between seekers and providers that transcended the communication medium. Additionally, patterns were observed suggesting that high levels of provider person centeredness were more likely to be generated and influential in turn transitions appearing in instant messaging compared to face-to-face conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comunicar (English Edition) is the property of Oxbridge Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research shows that artificial intelligence (AI) technology positively influences students' writing skills, but this area has yet to be touched by Indonesian researchers. This study aims to map perception, obstacles, and recommendations for optimizing use of AI in teaching academic writing in Indonesian. This article focuses on a case study of three senior high schools in Central Java, Indonesia. It employs quantitative and qualitative data. The researcher collected the data using questionnaires presented with Likert scale, followed by an in-depth interview through mobile instant messaging interview. Findings show that (1) AI-based learning tools help students to do academic research, especially in the planning step, to identify and develop the topics, as well as in the drafting step, to develop a paper draft, (2) AI-based learning tools are deemed flexible in accessibility despite not being able to cover all necessities required by students in writing process, (3) students are interested in using AI technology in academic writing class so that learning process will not be boring. Although AI has been used in academic writing classes, tools have not positively impacted quality of students' academic papers in all indicators. There are several obstacles to using AI, namely (1) need for more available feature, especially in editing Indonesian text, and (2) in contrast, the features still need to be optimized. These are the recommendations for the optimization of AI-based learning tools, which are (1) adding features to edit Indonesian text, including spelling, diction, and sentence structure, and (2) enhancing AI literacy to be able to explore and leverage the existing features optimally. This research has yet to accommodate the possible coverage in checking the originality and accuracy of the written product assisted by AI-based learning tools, which could become a focus for future researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]