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Herbal medicine agro-industry has experienced ups and downs in its development, the movement back to nature makes herbal medicine agro-industry has developed quite rapidly. This study aimed to determine the structure and factors that influence and determine the strategy of herbal medicine agro-industry development in East Java. The method used was OLS (Ordinary Least Square) and Backward method using secondary data, as well as the concentration ratio and PCM (Price Cost Margin) proxy. The results showed that the industrial market structure was tight oligopoly with an average concentration ratio of 76.22%. Influencing factors were market concentration, barriers to market entry, a value of efficiency and number of companies, while the strategy developed was to streamline raw material costs by implementing multiple supplier policies

This article analyses the defence industrial market using an agent-based model. The model draws a simplified version of the sector regarding the market agents and their conduct based on emp...

This study investigates spatial contagion on trading markets when an industrialized country is stricken by a natural disaster. We present a test for contagion effects on the cargo trading among the major trading partners. The test is based on a comparison of the correlation coefficients of transnational trade linkages in industrial cargo volumes before and after a disaster. Using the Japanese 311 earthquake in 2011 as a case study, the results show that spatial contagion is observed for neighboring countries exporting to Taiwan. It also found that the occurrence of contagion effect depends on the industrial market share of the linkages, and the contagion effect disperses over time.

Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) are key technologies that will have a huge impact in the next 10 years for companies in the industrial market. This article describes how these two technologies will improve efficiencies, provide new business opportunities, address regulatory requirements, and improve transparency and visibility.

In view of the problems existing in the traditional professional curriculum system at colleges and universities to cultivate applied undergraduate talents in computer software, this paper, following the concept of “demand-oriented, ability as the core, integration of science and engineering as well as theories and application” and on the basis of deep school-enterprise cooperation, integration of industry and teaching, proposes the “four-connection” professional curriculum system to cultivate applied undergraduate software talents: connecting ability cultivation with the demands for software positions, connecting the curriculum contents with software standard, connecting teaching with development, and connecting incubation projects with the industrial market. And this paper also proposes four measures to guarantee the construction of school-enterprise cooperation: the supporting platform, teaching team, teaching resources and quality guarantee system.

Little facts are known about the value of consumer goods brands in the industrial market. Theories have tried explaining the value associated with the of consumer brand equity. The research paper is aimed at exploring whether the consumer goods brands have more equity that the exclusively professional brands. The experiment is tested among 211 sample respondents in the industrial market in Egypt. The study will evaluate the diverse consumers’ opinion on the topic of research. The report also provides the methodology of the data collection and the analysis. An evaluation will be given to show the reliability of the method chosen for data collection. A brief literature review will be associated with the research to give the guideline and boundaries of the research. The results for the synthesized data will be carefully stated into detailed perspective. This will allow readers to comprehend effectively the content of the research. Lastly, a conclusion will be given on the same to show the overall stand of the research findings and how they are of importance to learners.

На сьогоднішній день за рахунок розвитку науки та технологій змінюються ринкові умови для роботи підприємств. Тепер, за рахунок розповсюдження мережі Інтернет та доступності смартфонів, споживач у будь-який момент має доступ до інформації про товари, яких стає все більше, що призводить до перенасичення ринку. Усе це сприяє тому, що економіка переходить від масового виробництва до більш індивідуального формування пропозиції, і клієнт отримує все більше впливу на виробника. Тому виникає необхідність у використанні нових інструментів маркетингу, адже ринок стає все більш конкурентним, а вимоги споживачів – більш високим. Це обумовлює особливості епохи метамодерну, вплив якої на споживачів та економічний стан компаній описаний та проаналізований у статті. Об’єктом дослідження обрано стратегію просування компанії у кіберпросторі. У даній статті визначено поняття «кіберпростір» та «мережа Інтернет», окреслені їхні складові. На основі цього визначені особливості кіберпростору, що впливають на діяльність сучасних компаній. Проведений аналіз цього впливу з точки зору комунікацій, збуту та промислового ринку. Далі представлений спеціально створений загальний хід розробки стратегії просування компанії у кіберпросторі у вигляді структурно-логічної схеми, яка складається з окремих блоків: характеристика компанії, стратегія збуту, вибір просторі існування компанії, спосіб присутності компанії у мережі Інтернет, стратегія комунікації. Останній блок включає в себе інструменти для просування: ATL, BTL, TTL для кіберпростору та класичні, рекомендації щодо використання цих інструментів та законодавчі акти, які регулюють їхнє використання; блок медіа планування, медіабаїнгу, рекомендації щодо розробки рекламного повідомлення,особливості формування бюджету для реалізації стратегії просування та показники контролю і ефективності комунікацій, які включають себе економічні та комунікаційні характеристики. Today, due to the development of science and technology, market conditions for the work of enterprises are changing. Now, at the expense of the distribution of the Internet and the availability of smartphones, the consumer at any time has access to information about products that are becoming more, which leads to over-saturation of the market. All this contributes to the fact that the economy moves from mass production to more individual supply of supply, and the client gets more influence on the manufacturer. Therefore, there is a need to use new marketing tools, because the market is becoming more competitive, and consumer requirements - higher. This causes the features of the metamodern era, the impact of which on consumers and the economic state of the companies described and analyzed in the article. The object of the research is the strategy of promotion of the company in cyberspace. This article describes the concept of "cyber space" and "Internet network", outlining their components. On the basis of this, certain features of cyberspace affecting the activities of modern companies. An analysis of this impact from the point of view of communications, sales and the industrial market has been conducted. The following is a specially created general course of developing a strategy for promoting a company in cyberspace in the form of a structural and logical scheme, which consists of individual units: company characteristics, marketing strategy, choice of space of the company existence, the way of company presence in the Internet, communication strategy. The latest block includes promotion tools: ATL, BTL, TTL for cyberspace and classic, recommendations for using these tools and legislation governing their use; a block of media planning, media baying, recommendations for the development of advertising messages, peculiarities of budget formation for the implementation of the promotion strategy and indicators of control and efficiency of communications, which include economic and communication characteristics.

A leading-edge generation of 700 V SiC MOSFETs is benchmarked against commercial silicon (Si) super-junction (SJ) MOSFETs. We report a specific R DS, ON of 3.1 m Ω. cm2, three times lower than for state-of-the-art Si SJ MOSFETs. For the same function in the circuit, SiC MOSFETs compare very favorably against Si SJ MOSFETs, with better DC, switching parameters and ruggedness. These new SiC devices are qualified based on stringent standards. They are also highly rugged both for avalanche and short-circuit. The avalanche energy of Microchip's SiC MOSFETs is outstanding at 25.2 J.cm−2. As the cost of SiC dies keeps decreasing, we expect the SiC MOSFETs to become the device of choice for industrial applications at the 700 V node.

This study examined the spatial distribution of the industrial cities in Jeddah governorate, as well as the phases of the industrial cities and the reasons for their development. The study also examined the relationship between the sites of the industrial cities and the transportation methods, and reached through the logistical planning of many proposals for the industrial cities. The study was based on Jeddah satellite satellite Landsat for the year 1440 H / 2018, as well as on geomatics techniques through two programs (Erdas Imagine 2014 / Arcmap10.5). The study concluded with a number of results, the most important of which is that Jeddah has the largest share of the industrial cities with 4 industrial cities. The study recommended distinguishing the new industrial zones with a green belt and setting the penalties so as not to be infringed and thus interfering between the urban scope and the industrial use. In addition to attract investors and stimulate the industrial market through the establishment of facilities for the investor such as loans and assistance in the means of transport for industrial products. The study recommended benefiting from the proposals and urging researchers to activate the role of scientific techniques in solving the problems of urban planning.

As an emerging technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is predicted to offer hopeful solutions to renovate the operation and role of many current industrial systems. In this paper we investigated the state of the art among Iranian Companies delivering IoT-based Services through an empirical Survey in years of 2017 and 2018. Based on survey results from more than 150 companies; Top 3 verticals receiving services from private sector are respectively (1) Environment, agriculture, and natural resources, (2) Health and well-being, (3) Transportation and urban development. Some verticals that have a little attention from public and private sector are Security and disaster management, and Education & Research. From business model view, B2G services are the main targeted segments of market among supply side of IoT services and applications. About challenges that are in front of private sectors, it seems the lake of external funding be the main constraint of Iranian service providers in the field of IoT.

People have the power to make an innovation a success or a failure. Corporate decision makers act as both facilitators and barriers to the introduction of technologies into their organisations. Psychological factors clearly have an impact on their decisions and acceptance behaviours, but these have not been fully explored. Consequently, an understanding of these factors is essential for organisations who wish to accelerate technology adoption as well as for innovators who face numerous barriers when introducing their new products to the industrial market. The upstream oil and gas (O&G) industry has been characterised as reluctant to adopt new technology. The analysis of three technology introduction case studies in the UK offshore O&G sector (including interviews with 22 personnel involved in developing and commercially buying new technology) confirmed the influence of 15 psychological factors on organisational technology adoption decision making. These have been organized into a framework (P-TAF) consisting of six categories of psychological constructs, namely: personality, attitudes, motivation, social, cognitive, and organisational factors. With further development, this preliminary framework can be used to develop interventions that support the successful technology uptake in O&G and in other sectors experiencing resistance to the introduction of new technology.

The global industrial structure has been in a constant state of change for some time now. While China's share has steadily grown, Western industrialised countries have mostly experienced losses in industrial market share. Within Europe, the fates of the established industrialised nations have all played out very differently. For example, France and the UK have suffered massive losses, while Germany was able to noticeably re-expand production following the 2009 crisis. Industry in Europe is likely to fall further behind in the coming years — not only to catching-up countries like China, but also to other industrialised nations. The US, for example, exhibits far more dynamic industrial investment, outpacing not only France and the UK but also Germany.

Рассматривается возможность применения статистического анализа методом деревьев классификации при сегментировании корпоративных клиентов на промышленных рынках как наиболее универсальный и информативный метод. Проанализированы основные теоретические подходы к использованию методов статистического анализа с целью сегментирования рынков. Приведены результаты сегментирования рынка профилей из поливинилхлорида для изготовления оконных и дверных блоков методом де- ревьев классификации с помощью программного комплекса Statistical Package for the Social Science. Дана характеристика профиля целевого сегмента крупных корпоративных клиентов. Разработаны рекомендации по формированию маркетинговой программы для работы с потребителями данного сегмента.

Maintaining high level of quality in hot rolling manufacturing processes is very challenging problem to keep competitiveness in the iron and steel industrial market. Monitoring the quality of the output product helps enhancing the product outcomes, increase the company profit and improve the economic growth of the country. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid approach based on multigene genetic programming (MGP) and Cuckoo search (CS) algorithms for developing three rigorous models for roll force, torque and slab temperature in the hot rolling industrial process at the Ereg˜li Iron and Steel Factory in Turkey. MGP is a robust variation of the standard genetic programming (GP) algorithm while CS is a new nature-inspired metaheuristic search algorithm. The performance of the developed models is evaluated and compared with those obtained for the standard MGP and GP approaches.

This study aimed to summarize the characteristics of visitor experience for different market segments based on insect experience orientation in order to develop Ptecticus tenebrifer (Diptera: Stratiomyidae [Walker]) experience programs using local resources in the insect industrial market. A total of 325 effective samples were collected, and the attributes of insect experience orientation were connected to education, emotion, society, and ego. The survey respondents were students and parents of school-age children. Cluster analysis showed that the respondents were classified into two or three groups that were all found to be high in the prediction validity and discriminant analysis. Based on this result, the respondents were properly subdivided into three clusters for final analysis. Those three groups were: the passive group, the moderate group, and the active-orientation group. As a group aiming for various insect experiences, the active-orientation group consisted of parents whose children range in age from either 5 to 9 or from 10 to 14. This group was willing to spend 7 ~ 8,000 won on each experience program, and they preferred emotional experience programs. The passive and moderate orientation groups were most interested in having an educational experience. In order to increase people's interest in experience programs, education-oriented programs should be developed and promotional marketing should be reinforced. The results and implications of this study may be useful for the development of insect experience programs that can meet various visitor experience orientations as basic data that can contribute to the vitalization of the 6th industrialization plan for the insect industry.

Contamination by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is of great concern in global environments. Due to strong regulation of legacy PFASs, emerging PFASs including alternatives and precursors have been introduced to the industrial market. In this study, legacy and emerging PFASs were measured in seawater, sediment, and bivalves collected along the Korean coast to investigate the occurrence, distribution, contamination sources, and bioaccumulation potential of PFASs. Wide concentration ranges of legacy PFASs were detected in multiple environmental samples, indicating widespread contamination. C8-based PFASs (e.g., PFOA and PFOS) were still major contaminants in all of the environmental samples. Some precursors, such as 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (8:2 FTS) and N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (N-EtFOSAA), and perfluoro-2-propoxypropanoic potassium 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonate (F-53B), an alternative to PFOS, were detected in sediment or bivalve samples, implying a shift in consumption patterns from legacy to emerging PFASs. The highest concentrations of PFASs in environmental samples were found at the locations near industrial complexes, such as those for the semi-conductor, paper mill, automobile, and metal-plating industry. This result indicates that PFAS contamination is associated with intensive industrial activities in the coastal environment. Matrix-dependent contamination and profiles of PFASs were observed. Seawater was dominated by short-chained PFASs as a prompt reflection of regulation, while the sediment and bivalves were dominated by long-chained PFASs. Carbon-chain length was a major factor governing environmental behavior and bioaccumulation of PFASs. This was the first nation-wide survey on legacy and emerging PFASs in the coastal environment of Korea.

Enhancing the competitiveness of characteristic industries plays an important role in promoting the development of regional economy. Taking the carrot industry in Jinjiang City as an example, this paper analyses the market competitiveness status of county industries and products from the three factors of 'base-enterprise-market', and realises the potential of agricultural industry transformation and upgrading by applying GEM competitiveness model and the related theories. The analysis results show that the development of the six factors of the competitiveness of carrot characteristic industries in Jinjiang City is uneven, and it has advantages in resources, facilities, and external markets, but it is relatively insufficient in three aspects: manufacturer structure/strategy, suppliers/related enterprises, and local market. The overall level of competitiveness is normal. From the analysis of industrial development potential, due to the improvement of the diet structure will promote the expansion of the industrial market, the carrot industry in Jinjiang City has a large space for development, especially the demand for carrot processing products.

With policy support, technological innovation and financial guarantee provided by "the Ninth Five-Year Plan" through "the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", derivative industrial products related to rocky...

The aftermarket is a big potential for any business as it can be more profitable than sales of the primary product. Previous aftermarket studies are focused on a supply chain approach to the aftermarket using pricing and logistics strategies for different types of industrial markets and limited to case studies from the automotive industry. Small to medium sized enterprises such as hydraulic motor companies have gained international markets due to their technological superiority and have reached niche market segments all over the world. This research aimed to create a profitable aftermarket strategy for a hydraulic motor company with an international niche market. The unique challenges of the case company were based on firm size, being a component manufacturer, exporter and having an international niche market. The theoretical background of this thesis is a multidisciplinary framework including concepts from organizational strategy, market segmentation, international business and business network literature. The contribution to the research is to expand aftermarket strategy literature to include theories which had previously only been included in their specific research fields or in industrial marketing literature. Key theories include value chain and constellations, macrosegmentation and network theories. By conducting a single-case study and collecting data through semi-structured interviews of eight employees with aftermarket roles and six customers with different aftermarket capabilities, a network approach to business strategy was formulated. The findings resulted in an organizational strategy and network approach to the aftermarket. Organizational aftermarket strategy is the starting point for the firm to use when developing their internal structures and key activities. It also provides a way to determine aftermarket offerings to customers based on their characteristics. The network approach involves leveraging on customer knowledge, capabilities, location and reach to be able to provide aftermarket products and services to end users in key markets of the targeted aftermarket product.

The dissertatsiya deals with a set of problems affecting the creation of an effective client base of an industrial enterprise. The ABC-analysis and expert evaluation of the existing client base on the market of molds have been done for Sverdlovsk Tool Factory as an example. Weaknesses of the enterprise have been identified. The main directions of improving the management of the enterprise were formulated to increase the efficiency of its client base. В диссертации рассматривается комплекс проблем, влияющих на создание эффективной клиентской базы промышленного предприятия. На примере Свердловского инструментального завода выполнен ABC-анализ и экспертная оценка существующей клиентской базы на рынке пресс-форм, выявлены слабые стороны предприятия и сформулированы основные направления совершенствования менеджмента предприятия для повышения эффективности его клиентской базы.

This article will seek to demonstrate that the constant search for optimization of production processes is crucial for companies to continue increasingly profitable and competitive in the industrial market. The paper will describe the implementation process of Smartobserver® software in a Tube Forming Machine and demonstrate the gains from this deployment. Scenarios will be presented regarding the divergences contained in manual and automatic notes, demonstrating that decision-making will be faster and more assertive as soon as the information reaches the managers.

The article deals with the basic requirements imposed on software applications for Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) with respect to specific features of Industry 4.0. There are described two basic steps in the article that preceded the design of a new information system created by authors in the way to be suitable for enterprises that operate in the period of industrial revolution “Industry 4.0”. The first step was in analysis of European and Slovak industrial market, where the composition of enterprises from several points of view were investigated. The second step was focused on specification of basic requirements that have to be kept by information system applied into plant within Industry 4.0. On the basis of realized analyses and on the multivariant theory, it was designed new information system that has been successfully applied into real company conditions.

Endüstriyel pazarlar tüketici pazarlarına göre birçok açıdan farklılık gösterirler. Özellikle müşteri değeri yaratma sürecine etki eden faktörlerin doğru belirlenmesi sürecinde satış elemanlarının rolleri bulunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada asıl amaç, endüstriyel pazarlarda müşteri değeri yaratma sürecinde işletmelerin satış elemanlarının bu değere katkılarını yönetici ve idarecilerin perspektifinden belirlemektir. Çalışmadaki veriler çimento sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 110 işletme ile yapılan anket çalışması aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. İşletme yönetici ve idarecilerinin görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmak için planlanan bu araştırmada veriler SPSS 24 programı ile yapılan tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yararlanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde müşteri değeri yaratma sürecindeki faaliyetlerin hepsinde önem arz ettiği sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ortalamaları en yüksek olan alt boyutlar önem sırasına göre: müşteri memnuniyeti (MM), müşteri oryantasyonu (MO), değer yaratma (DY), ilişki geliştirme (İG), satış yönelimi (SY) olarak tanımlanmıştır., Industrial markets are different from consumer markets in many ways. Especially in the process of verifying the factors of creating customer equity process, salesmen have important roles. Concordantly, the main purpose of this study is to determine the contributions of salesmen at the companies in industrial market which are in the process of creating customer equity on the perspective of administrators and managers. The data in this study were collected from the survey made with 110 companies in cement sector. While aiming to reveal the opinions of administrators and managers in this study, the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics made by SPSS 24 programme. After examining the results, it is shown by the fact that the activities in the process of creating customer equity are all important. The highest average sub-dimentions were determined in order of priorities as: customer satisfaction (CS), customer orientation (CO), creating value (CV), developing relationship (DR), and sales management (SM).

The purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework of the Multi-stack Proton exchange membrane Fuel cell technology (PEMFC) system state of the art. Recent developments in the fuel cell (FC) researches have increased the need of raising the system reliability, its life time and its efficiency. The electrical configuration of a multi-stack FC system, the power sharing and the hybridization rate are the main topics in this paper. There was a significant positive correlation between increasing the Multi-Stack Fuel Cell's (MSFC) system application in the industry especially in the transportation sector, and the decreasing of the current environmental pollution crisis. Keywords- Multi-stack Fuel Cell system; PEMFC; Energy management; Redundancy; Electrical Architecture.

This article reviews innovation processes in defence. It analyses the way and the context under which these processes are carried out. The article covers the features of defence goods with impact on innovation, the development of a new good, the institutional arrangements that support these processes and the effect of innovation on industrial market. The analysis helps to identify the causes of facts observed in practice, such as poor performance in terms of product quality, cost or delivery time, as well as to assess potential remedies. Some policy implications, which can be derived from this analysis, are finally outlined.

The transactional nature of hybrid organisations in the Russian industrial market is analysed with the help of conceptual tools drawn from transaction cost theory. The dependency of the impact of the specificity of resources on the transactions of hybrid organisations is empirically determined. An outline of the specific character of the organisation of inter-firm cooperation in the Russian industrial market is presented.

Промисловість є основним системоутворюючим елементом сфер діяльності держави: економічної, бюджетної, наукової та освітньої, соціальної, податкової, фінансової та інших. Промисловий ринок в Україні має розгалужену соціально-економічну, організаційну, технологічну, територіальну структури та на ньому працюють високоспеціалізовані фахівці з специфічними напрямами діяльності [1]. Саме тому підприємства- виробники прагнуть досконало проводити маркетингові дослідження як, щодо вироблюваних товарів, так і безпосередньо всіх контрагентів відповідного цільового ринку, та дослідити маркетингове мікро- й макросередовище, що для b-to-c товарів (товарів широкого вжитку) не завжди доцільне.

Throughout the past decades, market research literature has been characterized by what is commonly referred to as the paradigm war between qualitative researchers and those who believe in the superiority of quantitative approaches. At the same time, the current state of market research exhibits a discrepancy between market research theory and practice, with theorists more concerned about the theoretical foundation than the practical applicability of market research activities and practitioners who take a rather pragmatic approach, thereby disregarding the theoretical substantiation of their research projects. This discrepancy is seen to be considerably prevalent in the area of industrial market research. Consequently, this paper sets out to bridge the gap between the two market research paradigms as well as between practitioner use and academic inquiry. This shall be achieved by means of triangulation, more specifically by developing a so-called Industrial Triangulation Approach. Thereby, the model shall specifically focus on market forecasts in industrial markets, hence offering both market research theorists and practitioners a theoretically well-founded and pragmatic framework for applying triangulation strategies in this research context.

Explain the existing device to avoid reeling cocoon sinking in automatic silk reeling machine, research the prevention of cocoon sinking automatically, and provide the integrated solution to keep cocoons in arrangement for reeling. In general, stop motion rod sends a signal when a minor fault occurs in each end, takes the initiative to prevent fault spread to knotty fault which causes a series of bad effects. Then coordinate with interlocked equilibrium, through end feeding cam to control separating plate, ensure the process safe in the most economical way for the industrial market demand. Operators need not handle the system manually while treating the faults, then removing hidden trouble and raising labor efficiency, so higher grade raw silk can be produced. This technique used can improve machine performances, it is the basis on which silk reeling machine should continue to develop.

Prominent among F.M. Scherer’s many contributions to industrial economics and policy has been the analytical framework set out in his Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, first published in 1970 (Scherer, 1970). At the outset of that book, Scherer described what he termed a "simple model" of the relationship between underlying conditions, market structure, firm behavior, and economic performance. This essay makes clear that Scherer’s model was anything but simple: this model offered a unifying framework to a vast body of literature; it provided explicit causal - sometimes complex - linkages between its stages; and it had, and has continued to have, implications for competition policy across several decades. After discussion of the components of Scherer’s model, some of its implications are developed. These include the Horizontal Merger Guidelines, which reflect an emphasis on market structure together with a recognition of the importance of other considerations, and also remedies policies toward companies violating antitrust laws. Scherer’s co-authored brief on the Microsoft antitrust case is examined for its careful application of the "simple model" to a complex policy setting.

Article history: Received June 10, 2013 Received in revised format 25 August 2013 Accepted September 26 2013 Available online October 15 2013 Information plays an important role on having crystal clear image about market. A good awareness about products, vendors, new rivals, etc. always helps us offer better prices and reach better agreements. This paper presents an investigation on the role of industrial market information on the success of negotiations. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 22 questions, distributes it among 228 Iranian experts and analyzes it based on principal component analysis. During the survey, the numbers of questions are reduced to 17. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.86 and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are 0.773 and 745.8, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived six factors including human resource management, integrated strategy, organizational software packages, communication factors, penetration factors, past perception and assessment process. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Article history: Received Feb 25, 2013 Received in revised format 19 September 2013 Accepted 23 October 2013 Available online November 18 2013 Customer satisfaction plays essential role on the success of industrial products such as milk in todays’ marketing planning. In this paper, we present a conceptual model to measure the relative impact of various factors on customer satisfaction. The proposed study of this paper designs a questionnaire and distributes it among managers of a dairy producer named Pegah in city of Esfahan, Iran. Using Pearson correlation ratio as well as stepwise regression technique, the study has found positive and meaningful relationship between customer satisfaction and price, quality of product, distribution and compatibility with customer expectation. In addition, the study detects a negative and meaningful relationship between conflict and customer satisfaction. © 2014 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Industrial companies face the particular challenge of developing new products and services in traditionally goods-centered environments. Using panel data from 558 German industrial companies, this article analyzes the financial performance consequences of product and service innovations. The analysis confirms a positive impact of product innovations on both revenue and profitability growth, whereas the profitability of an average industrial company remains unaffected by its service innovation activities, pointing to the challenge of managing the costs of service innovation in goods-centered environments. A moderation analysis provides a finer grained view: Isolating mechanisms, such as the complexity of market offerings and financial innovation barriers, disrupt the link between innovation and profitability growth for both innovation types. Specifically, they make service innovations more profitable but have detrimental effects on product innovation profitability. Factors that traditionally hinder financial success with product innovations actually provide effective safeguards for service innovations.

The marine biotechnology industry is very significant as compared to other industries as one of the driving forces for economic growth in the next generation in Korea. However, the marine biotechnology market has been considered as a component of the biotechnology industry market which made difficult for creating separate research areas in relation to the scope of the relevant industry market as well as making it difficult to establish its own R&D policy strategies. Accordingly, this study was executed to estimate the future long-term market value of the marine biotechnology within the limit of industrial field and to verify the importance of national R&D investment in marine biotechnology on the basis of estimations within the industrial perspective. To this end, we classified the marine biotechnology industry into the four sub-sectors and estimated the domestic and global industrial market in 2010 and 2024. According to the results, the domestic and global market of the marine biotechnology industry will see a remarkable growth by 2024. In particular, the bio-energy, pharmaceutical and functional foods industry markets will achieve astonishing advances. On the basis of the analysis results, Korea has to establish more progressive and aggressive R&D investment strategies to strengthen national competitiveness through the marine biotechnology industry.

Analysis of some heavy metals present in soil dusts of Industrial Market in Enugu, South East Nigeria was carried out. Soil dust samples were collected from five different sections in the market and a control sample was collected 500 m away from the market. The samples were analyzed after aqua regia digestion with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for Lead, Iron, Nickel, Copper and Cadmium. The result showed a variation, which indicated that concentration of Fe > Cu > Pb > Cd > Ni. The levels of some of these metals were higher than the recommended allowable limit for such metals in soil by regulating agencies. Key words: Soil dust, contamination, industrial market, pollution index, enrichment coefficient.