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Modulating the electronic characteristics of catalysts plays a significant role in optimizing their catalytic activity. Herein, Mn-doped nickel molybdate (MNMO) nanorods are synthesized via replacing the partial Ni sites by the Mn element, engineering a bimetallic synergistic effect to enhance the activation of oxygen (O

Objectives: In this study, we assessed the effects of integrated health education combined with life intervention on patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) complicated with hyperlipidemia. Methods: We selected 96 patients with CHD complicated with hyperlipidemia being treated in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020, and assigned them to a control group (N=48) or a research group (N=48). Patients in the control group received integrated health education, whereas those in the research group were given integrated health education combined with life intervention. We measured outcomes, including blood lipid levels, electrocardiogram (ECG) recovery times, lengths of hospital stay, compliance with nursing intervention, and satisfaction with nursing care. Results: After intervention, the total effective rate of nursing in the research group was 93.75% which was higher than for the control group 79.17%. In the research group, the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher than those in control group, and the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than that in control group. The length of hospital stay and ECG recovery time were longer than those in research group. The research group had a higher nursing compliance rate than did the control group (91.67% vs 75.00%), and satisfaction with nursing care also was lower in the control group than in the research group (77.08 % vs 91.67%) (p < .05). Conclusion: Integrated health education combined with life intervention has a better nursing effect on patients with CHD complicated with hyperlipidemia, and can contribute to controlling blood lipid level in the normal range, improve nursing satisfaction and compliance of patients, reduce the occurrence of adverse events, shorten the length of hospital stay, and accelerate recovery of patients

This work aims to construct biocompatible, biodegradable core-cross-linked and insulin-loaded nanoparticles which are sensitive to glucose and release insulin via cleavage of the nanoparticles in a high-concentration blood glucose environment. First, a polyphosphoester-based diblock copolymer (PBYP-g-Gluc)-b-PEEP was prepared via ring-opening copolymerization (ROP) and the copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) in which PBYP and PEEP represent the polymer segments from 2-(but-3-yn-1-yloxy)-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane and 2-ethoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane, respectively, and Gluc comes from 2-azidoethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (Gluc-N3) that grafted with PBYP. The structure and molecular weight of the copolymer were characterized by 1H NMR, 31P NMR, GPC, FT-IR, and UV-vis measurements. The amphiphilic copolymer could self-assemble into core-shell uncore-cross-linked nanoparticles (UCCL NPs) in aqueous solutions and form core-cross-linked nanoparticles (CCL NPs) after adding cross-linking agent adipoylamidophenylboronic acid (AAPBA). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to study the self-assembly behavior of the two kinds of NPs and the effect of different Gluc group contents on the size of NPs further to verify the stability and glucose sensitivity of CCL NPs. The ability of NPs to load fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin (FITC-insulin) and their glucose-triggered release behavior were detected by a fluorescence spectrophotometer. The results of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and hemolysis activity experiments showed that the CCL NPs had good biocompatibility. An in vivo hypoglycemic study has shown that FITC-insulin-loaded CCL NPs could reduce blood glucose and have a protective effect on hypoglycemia. This research provides a new method for constructing biodegradable and glucose-sensitive core-cross-linked nanomedicine carriers for controlled insulin release.

Previous studies have found that the expression level of Megalobrama amblycephala intelectin (MaINTL) increased significantly post Aeromonas hydrophila infection, and recombinant MaINTL (rMaINTL) protein could activate macrophages and enhance the phagocytosis and killing activity of macrophages. In order to reveal the immune regulatory mechanisms of MaINTL, primary M. amblycephala macrophages were treated with endotoxin-removed rMaINTL and GST-tag proteins, then total RNA were extracted and used for comparative Digital Gene Expression Profiling (DGE). 1247 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparing rMaINTL and GST-tag treated macrophage groups, including 482 up-regulated unigenes and 765 down-regulated unigenes. In addition, eleven randomly selected differentially expressed genes were verified by qRT-PCR, and most of them shared the similar expression patterns as that of DGE results. GO enrichment revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in the membrane part and cytoskeleton of cellular component, the binding and signal transducer activity of molecular function, the cellular process, regulation of biological process, signaling and localization of biological process, most of which might related with the phagocytosis and killing activity of macrophages. KEGG analysis revealed the activation and involvement of differentially expressed genes in immune related pathways, such as Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, Interleukin 17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, and NOD like receptor signaling pathway, etc. In these pathways, TNF-ɑ, Activator protein-1 (AP-1), Myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 (MyD88), NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (ikBɑ) and other key signaling factors were significantly up-regulated. These results will be helpful to clarify the immune regulatory mechanisms of fish intelectin on macrophages, thus providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of fish bacterial diseases.

Background Nesidioblastosis and insulinomas are caused by dysfunctional β cells, which in turn can cause endogenous hyperinsulinemia. In adults, the clinical and histomorphological features of nesidioblastosis and insulinoma may be remarkably similar, implying that it can be difficult to differentiate the two entities with preoperative biochemical and diagnostic imaging. Case presentation We report a 48-year-old man diagnosed with adult focal nesidioblastosis. We used contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (ceMRI), [68Ga]-DOTATATE positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and other tests before surgery, all of which highly suggested insulinoma. However, the final pathological diagnosis was focal neuroblastoma. Conclusion Adult focal nesidioblastosis is very rare. In this case, we focused on differentiating focal nesidioblastosis from insulinoma. We reviewed relevant literature reports and found that it is sometimes difficult to differentiate the two diseases with the results of preoperative examinations. For pancreatic space-occupying lesions that can clinically present as either of these two diseases, the focus should be on distinguishing between the presence and absence of metastases as well as precise pancreatic localization.

Circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomics, which encompasses the measurement of cfDNA length and short nucleotide motifs at the ends of cfDNA molecules, is an emerging field for cancer diagnosis. The utilization of cfDNA fragmentomics for the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is currently limited. In this study, we utilized whole‐genome sequencing data of cfDNA in samples from patients with HCC (n = 197) and HBV (n = 187) to analyze the association of fragment size selection (, Circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomics, encompassing the measurement of cfDNA length and short nucleotide motifs at cfDNA ends, is an emerging field in cancer diagnostics. In this study, we utilized whole‐genome sequencing data of cfDNA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We observed that representative abnormal copy number variation (CNV) alterations and shorter fragment size (

The high-voltage Ni-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 cathode materials attract attention due to their high capacity and relatively low cost. However, the undesired instability originating from side reactions with liquid electrolytes at elevated temperatures still hinders their practical application. This research aims to build a stable interface between cathode and electrolyte. We use the coupling agent KH570 to induce vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC) monomers to in situ polymerize on the surface of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) to form a uniform, ultrathin (∼12 nm), and highly ion-conductive poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) (PVEC) solid polymer electrolyte layer. The modified cathode material exhibits significant improvement in rate performance and cycling stability up to 4.5 V at elevated temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques prove that the flexible polymer coating layer effectively suppresses the mechanical degradation and crystal structure changes during cycling.

To achieve value-added utilization of domestic bamboo and plantation wood resources, this study investigated the feasibility of using flattened bamboo and Chinese fir for manufacturing cross-laminated bamboo and timber (CLBT). Two types of adhesives, one-component polyurethane (PUR), and phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF), and three applied pressure parameters (0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 MPa) were used to fabricate small CLBT panels (375 mm × 500 mm). In this study, block shear and delamination tests were conducted to examine the bond quality and durability of CLBT panels. The results showed that a significant difference in the bonding shear strength (BSS) in both directions. The bonding shear strength in the minor strength direction (BSSminor) was 1.81–3.45 times higher than the bonding shear strength in the major strength direction (BSSmajor). The adhesive type was the major factor affecting the bond quality and delamination, while the bonding pressure had no significant effect on the bond quality and delamination. Compared with PRF adhesives, CLBT specimens prepared from PUR had higher bonding shear strength (BSS) and wood failure percentage (WFP). However, the durability of delamination specimens prepared by PUR was not as good as layered specimens prepared by PRF.

CD68 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein family and is involved in various immune processes. In this study

Global warming increases the risk of high-temperature injury to maize. Inter- and mixed-cropping of maize varieties with different genotypes is one way to effectively alleviate the high-temperature injury during the flowering period. However, the mitigation effect of different varieties and intercropping modes on high-temperature injury is still unclear. Based on previous years of field production, Denghai 605, which is more sensitive to high temperatures during the flowering period, was determined as the main test variety, and Zhengdan 958, Dedan 5, Weike 702, and Xianyu 335, which have great genotypic differences, were used as auxiliary varieties. The main test varieties and auxiliary varieties were intercropped and mixed cropped, respectively. Plant height, ear height, leaf area index, population light transmittance, ear characteristics, and yield were measured, and the land equivalent ratio (LER) was calculated. The plant height of Denghai 605 intercropped with Zhengdan 958 and Dedan 5 and mixed with Weike 702 and Xianyu 335 decreased significantly. The population light transmittance of the bottom or middle layer in Denghai 605 increased significantly when intercropped with other varieties. The grain number per ear increased significantly under inter- and mixed cropping with Zhengdan 958 and Weike 702. Except under intercropping with Dedan 5, the yield of Denghai 605 increased significantly, by 8.8–28.0%, under inter- and mixed cropping. Under intercropping with Zhengdan 958 and inter- and mixed cropping with Weike 702 and Xianyu 335, respectively, the group land equivalent ratio was greater than 1.1, indicating that under the combination of these varieties, inter- and mixed cropping effectively reduced the impact of high temperatures during flowering.

The nucleation properties and stability of the ordered precipitates in Al-Sc-Er alloy were extensively studied by first-principles calculation. The calculated substitutional formation energy reveals that the dissolved Sc or Er in the Al matrix is very favorable to substitute the X sublattice site in L12-Al3X (X = Sc/Er). The calculated solubility curve demonstrates the significant contribution of vibrational entropy to nucleation. The interface energies for Al/Al3Sc, Al/Al3Er and Al3Sc/Al3Er were calculated in the three directions of [100], [110] and [111], and we find that the interface structure in (100) plane is the most desirable, and the interface energy of Al/Al3Er is the largest. Regardless of temperature and Sc/Er ratio, the L12-Al3ScxEr1-x precipitation phase mainly forms as the core-shell structure with Al3Er as the core and Al3Sc as the shell due to lower nucleation energy. The core-shell structure behaves higher stability once the particle radius is greater than 1 nm. Furthermore, the thermodynamic driving force for the segregating of Si or Zr in Al-Sc-Er alloy should accelerate the precipitation kinetics, where Si partitions occur preferentially to the Al3Er and Zr partitions preferentially to the Al matrix. Overall, these theoretical results can offer solid explanations to the available experimental results.

The quench sensitivity (QS) related to hardness of TiB2/7050Al composite has been investigated by Jominy end quench (JEQ) test, and the underlying factors of microstructure characteristics to influence the QS of the composite were discussed. Once the JEQ experiment was completed, the hardness test was performed on aged samples to show that there was a significant decrease with the increasing distance from the quenching end. As the distance increased, more η phases were found to precipitate and coarsen on grain boundaries, Al3Zr dispersoids and dislocations. Meanwhile, the precipitation free zones became wider and the η′ phase grew larger and less dispersive. The TiB2/7050Al composite was found to be more quench sensitive than its alloy counterpart. Through the detailed analyses, the elevated QS of the composite can be ascribed to four microstructure characteristics, which have inherited from the Al matrix and originated from the TiB2 addition accordingly.

LiMnPO4 is considered as an attractive cathode material owing to its high structural stability and much higher electrode potential than that of LiFePO4. However, LiMnPO4 reveals sluggish electrochemical kinetics due to its very poor electronic/ionic conductivity. By contrast, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LiNCMO) possesses high electronic conductivity and fast Li+ diffusion. Nevertheless, LiNCMO is not suitable for high security-required energy storage devices on a large scale due to its inferior thermal stability. Therefore, it is expected that LiMnPO4 in combination with LiNCMO could improve both the thermal stability and reaction kinetics of the electrode. In this work, LiMnPO4 nanosheets adhered to LiNCMO particles. Compared with the pristine LiMnPO4, the specific capacity and rate capability of the LiMnPO4-LiNCMO composite electrodes are obviously improved.

Intimate understanding of the synthesis-structure–activity relationships is an accessible pathway to overcome the intrinsic challenges of carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalysts. This work looks in the effects of humidity of the synthesis process to the morphology, chemical structure, band structure as well as the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 materials. Four g-C3N4 samples were prepared by heating melem in four gas environments: dry Ar, dry Air, moist Ar and moist Air. The photocatalytic activity measurements revealed that the samples synthesized in moist inert and oxidic gases environments displayed 20 and 10 times the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of the samples synthesized in dry inert and oxidic gases environments, respectively. The reasons for this remarkable variety in photocatalytic activities had been through investigated. After all, the terminations of the carbon vacancies were identified as the dominant factor in enhancing H2 evolution performance. The work here thus demonstrating an example of defect engineering.

Recently, production of a clean sulfur-free fuel and related green chemical processes have attracted the attention of researchers. The development of efficient desulfurizers is an effective strateg...

Synthesizing 3D porous carbon with atomic-scale control in geometry and topology of porous architectures is of great significance while it technically remains challenging. Dealloying, the selective...

Designing atomically defective adsorbents with high specific surface area has emerged as a promising approach to improve sorption properties. Herein, hierarchical porous boron nitride nanosheets with boron vacancies (Bv-BNNSs) were in-situ synthesized via a one-step ZnCl2-assisted strategy. Being benefitted from the dual-functional template of zinc salt, highly-active boron vacancies and abundant hierarchical pores were simultaneously generated in the Bv-BNNSs framework. By employing the boron vacancies engineering strategy, the morphological and electronic structures were controllably tuned. Meanwhile, the specific surface area was improved to as high as 1104 m2/g. Owning to the abundance of accessible surface active-sites, the sorption capacity to antibiotic tetracycline (TC) on Bv-BNNSs was boosted by 38% compared to the pristine boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs). Detailed fitting results showed that TC sorption on Bv-BNNSs obeyed the pseudo-second order kinetic equation and the Freundlich isotherm model. The pi − pi interaction with a multi-layered stacking form was proposed as the dominated sorption mechanism. Furthermore, DFT calculations verified that the interaction energy between Bv-BNNSs and TC was enhanced. The high activity, excellent selectivity, and remarkable durability of the Bv-BNNSs nanomaterial suggest the great potential in practical wastewater treatment.

The physical properties of the double perovskite A2BB'O6 are closely related to the B-site cationic arrangement, which directly affects the crystal morphology, magnetic coupling and electronic structure. Herein, the impact of B-site antisite defects on the magnetic and electronic properties of double perovskite Pb2FeOsO6 has been investigated using spin-polarized first-principles calculations. Our calculations demonstrate that B-site ordered Pb2FeOsO6 is a ferrimagnetic semiconductor with the saturated magnetic moment of ~2.27 μB f.u.−1, mainly generated from B-site Fe and B′-site Os antiferromagnetic coupling. With the introduction of B-site antisite defects, the crystal lattices nearly maintain the original structure of the ordered Pb2FeOsO6, although the internal atomic arrangements are reconstructed. Nevertheless, the saturated magnetic moment is sharply reduced in Fe/Os disordered configurations, which originates from the additional Os–Os and Fe–Fe antiferromagnetic coupling, and consequently induces Os–Os, Os–Fe and Fe–Fe spins interaction competition. Further electronic structure analyses indicate that the B-site antisite defects do not alter the semiconducting performance of Pb2FeOsO6. Our study sharpens the understanding of the effects of cationic ordering on the physical properties of double perovskites and provides an alternative avenue for tailoring their characteristics.

Vacancy engineering and morphology construction were integrated simultaneously by the self-assembly of melamine (MA) and cyanuric acid (CA) in the presence of P123 and H2SO4, which contributed to the hexagonal hollow carbon nitride with carbon vacancies (HHCN). P123 functioned as the structure directing agent and H2SO4 acted as the hole-maker and stability-maintainer, the synergistic effect of whom contributed to the hexagonal hollow structure. Meanwhile, the chemical oxidation etching of H2SO4 brought about carbon vacancies. Combined with experiments and DFT calculations, it was found that carbon vacancy improved the separation rate of photo-induced carriers as well as the adsorption capacity of reaction substrate (H2O molecules) and negatively shifted the CB potential. Therefore, HHCN was endowed with the superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (5140 μmol h−1 g−1), which was 18.3-fold higher than g-C3N4. Furthermore, the possible formation mechanism and photocatalytic mechanism were proposed. This work offered an excellent basis for vacancy engineering and morphology construction for the modification of carbon nitride.

With the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the selective recovery of lithium and other valuable metals from spent LIBs is in urgent need because of the shortage of Li and valuable metals along with the toxicity of components. Herein, a tandem leaching system for the selective recovery of Li and other valuable metals (Co, Mn) from spent LIBs was engineered by employing formic acid and its derived deep eutectic solvent (DES) as leaching agents. Results illustrate that Li can be selectively leached by formic acid, and other valuable metals can be recycled by DES. The selective leaching of valuable metals from different types of LIBs were investigated, and it was found that the tandem leaching system was applicable to the different types of LIBs with recovery efficiencies >99% for valuable metals at leaching temperatures as low as 70 °C. This finding may provide an environmentally friendly and effective approach for the selective recovery of Li and other valuable metals from spent LIBs.

As potential hypergolic fuels, hypergolic ionic liquids have attracted much attention since their development. Herein, a series of hypergolic ionic liquids based on asymmetric [bis(imidazolyl)-BH2]+ cations were synthesized. The asymmetric structure of these hypergolic ionic liquids was further confirmed by NMR, infrared (IR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry-electron spray ionization (HRMS-ESI). Moreover, these hypergolic ionic liquids possess a high density of over 1.00 g cm−3, a comprehensive liquid range from −60 °C to 20 °C, and a density-specific impulse performance ranging from 305.4 to 357.8 s g cm−3, which is superior to that of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine. Remarkably, (1-allyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl) dihydroboronium dicyandiamide had the best ignition-delay time (18 ms), a high density (1.114 g cm−3), and a high value for heat of formation (400 kJ mol−1/1.48 kJ g−1). This work provides the possibility of a promising and green hypergolic fuel as rocket propellant.

The multi-step reaction of CO2 over basic catalysts significantly improves the diversity of products, vividly embodying the ability of green chemistry to turn waste into treasure. However, under a Lewis acidic CO2 atmosphere, the activity maintenance of the multi-step reaction puts forward higher requirements for the reversible regeneration ability of the basic catalysts. Novel Lewis–Bronsted binary basic poly(ionic liquid)s (LB-PILs) were successfully developed through a radical copolymerization followed by ion-exchange strategy, and were applied to the two-step synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) by coupling CO2 cycloaddition and CH3OH transesterification without any cocatalyst. Relying on the activation of CO2 by Lewis basic tertiary N and the thermal recovery of nucleophilic HCO3− to stronger Bronsted basic OH− with the help of temperature control in CH3OH transesterification, the LB-PILs presented high activity, stable repeatability and linear carbonate universality. In situ IR analysis and Knoevenagel condensation, combined with theoretical calculations, provided reliable support for the ingenious incorporation of reversible regeneration of basic catalysts in a Lewis acidic CO2 atmosphere and multi-step coupling reaction process of CO2.

This study analyses the role of trade credit insurance and the insuring strategy of the retailer and the manufacturer in a capital-constrained supply chain with one retailer, one manufacturer, and ...

The rational design of highly active hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) catalysts at the atomic level is urgent for aerobic reactions. Herein, a doping impurity atom strategy is adopted to increase its catalytic activities. A series of doping systems involving O, C impurities and B, N antisites are constructed and their catalytic activities for molecular O2 have been studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is demonstrated that O2 is highly activated on ON and BN defects, and moderately activated on CB and CN defects, however, it is not stable on NB and OB defects. The subsequent application in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) reactions proves the ON and C-doped (CB , CN ) systems to be good choice for sulfocompounds oxidization, especially for dibenzothiophene (DBT). While the BN antisite is not suitable for such aerobic reaction due to the extremely stable B-O* -B species formed during the oxidation process.

Organothiophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are the most commonly used pesticides, and their environmental migration brings serious water pollution and significant danger to human health, and thus it is urgent to develop effective technologies for removal of OPPs from water. Herein, magnetic covalent organic framework (COF) with a triazine skeleton was fabricated for enhanced adsorption and removal of OPPs from water. Magnetic COF has a fluffy ball-like structure, high crystallinity, large BET surface area (1543 m

Recently, it has become highly desirable to develop low-cost, dopant-free, hole-transport materials with a high charge mobility for perovskite solar cells. Herein, by using an electron deficient be...

This work selected two typical acidic amino acids to study the formation mechanism of nitrogen-containing polycyclic compounds using density functional theory methods at the ωB97XD/6-311G (d, p) th...

Background Localized primary gastric amyloidosis is a rare disorder characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble fibrillary protein in the stomach and can mimic various diseases on endoscopic examination, including gastrointestinal stromal tumors, gastric cancer and ulcers. Case summaries Here, we report a series of three cases of localized gastric amyloidosis mimicking gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma on endoscopic examination that were evaluated over the past ten years in our hospital. The different detection times of this rare disease resulted in three completely different outcomes, indicating the strong importance of early detection, diagnosis and treatment. The difficulties encountered in making an accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis are highlighted, and this report provides clinical experience for the diagnosis of localized primary gastric amyloidosis. Conclusion Localized gastric amyloidosis is a rare metabolic disease that resembles MALT lymphoma. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment of localized gastric amyloidosis result in an excellent prognosis.