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107. Comparative analysis of extended-spectrum- -lactamase-carrying plasmids from different members of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry, pigs and humans: evidence for a shared -lactam resistance gene pool?

Author

Smet, A., primary, Martel, A., additional, Persoons, D., additional, Dewulf, J., additional, Heyndrickx, M., additional, Cloeckaert, A., additional, Praud, K., additional, Claeys, G., additional, Catry, B., additional, Herman, L., additional, Haesebrouck, F., additional, and Butaye, P., additional

Published
2009
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112. Aerobic endospore-forming bacteria from geothermal environments in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and Candlemas Island, South Sandwich archipelago, with the proposal of Bacillus fumarioli sp. nov

Author

Logan, N.A., Lebbe, L., Hoste, B., Goris, J., Forsyth, G., Heyndrickx, M., Murray, B.L., Syme, N., Wynn-Williams, D.D., De Vos, P., Logan, N.A., Lebbe, L., Hoste, B., Goris, J., Forsyth, G., Heyndrickx, M., Murray, B.L., Syme, N., Wynn-Williams, D.D., and De Vos, P.

Abstract

Aerobic endospore-forming bacteria were isolated from soils taken from active fumaroles on Mount Rittmann and Mount Melbourne in northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, and from active and inactive fumaroles on Candlemas Island, South Sandwich archipelago. The Mt Rittmann and Mt Melbourne soils yielded a dominant, moderately thermophilic and acidophilic, aerobic endospore-former growing at pH 5.5 and 50 degrees C, and further strains of the same organism were isolated from a cold, dead fumarole at Clinker Gulch, Candlemas Island. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis, SDS-PAGE and routine phenotypic tests show that the Candlemas Island isolates are not distinguishable from the Mt Rittmann strains, although the two sites are 5600 km apart, and 16S rDNA sequence comparisons and DNA relatedness data support the proposal of a new species, Bacillus fumarioli, the type strain of which is LMG 17489T.

Published
2000

117. Identification of lactobacilli isolated from the cloaca and vagina of laying hens and characterization for potential use as probiotics to control Salmonella Enteritidis

Author

Van Coillie, E., primary, Goris, J., additional, Cleenwerck, I., additional, Grijspeerdt, K., additional, Botteldoorn, N., additional, Van Immerseel, F., additional, De Buck, J., additional, Vancanneyt, M., additional, Swings, J., additional, Herman, L., additional, and Heyndrickx, M., additional

Published
2006
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120. Characterization of isolates from captive lizards

Author

PASMANS, F, primary, MARTEL, A, additional, BOYEN, F, additional, VANDEKERCHOVE, D, additional, WYBO, I, additional, IMMERSEEL, F, additional, HEYNDRICKX, M, additional, COLLARD, J, additional, DUCATELLE, R, additional, and HAESEBROUCK, F, additional

Published
2005
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126. List of Contributors

Author

Abdolahi, A., Abdolghaffari, A.H., Abdollahi, M., Achanzar, W.E., Acquisto, N.M., Adatsi, F.K., Adekola, F.A., Agarwal, D., Aizawa, H., Akbar Malekirad, A., Allen, J.A., Allison, B., Alonso Blazquez, N., Altkorn, R., Amanlou, M., Amini, M., Anand, S.S., Andres, S.A., Angelini, D.J., Angelo, G., Api, A.M., Apte, U., Armendáriz, C.R., Asha, S., Atlason, P., Attene-Ramos, M.S., Austin, C.P., Babich, M.A., Badanthadka, M., Baeeri, M., Baer, K.N., Baghaei, A., Bahadar, H., Balali-Mood, B., Balali-Mood, M., Bale, A.S., Ballantyne, B., Banasik, M., Banks, C.N., Banton, M., Baran, K.P., Barata, C., Barefoot, A.C., Barlow, S.M., Barr, D.B., Barrueto, F., Barton, C., Barton, N., Battalora, M., Bayrami, Z., Bazl, R., Beckett, R.D., Bečková, V., Beedanagari, S., Behboudi, A.F., Beilke, L.D., Beltrán, E.M., Benson, A., Bergamo, L., Bergueiro, J., Berman, F.W., Betharia, S., Bhattacharya, S., Biglar, M., Biswas, S., Black, A.T., Bloomhuff, A.B., Bloomquist, J.R., Bolduc, D.L., Bolger, P.M., Bolt, H.M., Bonventre, J.A., Borek, H.A., Borghoff, S.J., Borzelleca, J.F., Botelho, M.C., Boxall, A.B.A., Bradford, H., Brady, P.M., Broderick, M., Brown, D.A., Brown, J., Bruce, R.D., Brugge, D., Brugger, K.E., Bryant, M.A., Bucklin, M.H., Burns-Naas, L.A., Burr, S.A., Caballero, J.M., Cai, Z., Calabrese, E.J., Calvo, M., Cammack, J., Campbell, A., Canedy, T., Cantrell, F.L., Caquet, T., Carbonell, G., Carlson-Lynch, H., Carmichael, N., Carmo, H., Carr, D., Carrington, C.D., Carvalho, F., Carvalho, M., Casa-Resino, I. de la, Cash, L.J., Castranova, V., Cesnaitis, R., Chadwick, K.D., Chakraborty, P., Chan, P.P.K., Chang, S., Chapin, R.E., Chateauvieux, S., Chattopadhyay, A., Chaumot, A., Chen, G., Chen, X., Chesser, R.K., Chilakapati, J., Chojnacka, K., Chou, K., Christoforidis, J., Clark, A.K., Clewell, H.J., Clough, S.R., Coelho, P.C.S., Coggins, C.R.E., Cohen, S.M., Cole, S.D., Corcoran, G.B., Cornu, C., Corsini, E., Cory-Slechta, D.A., Costa, C., Costa, L.G., Costa, S., Covaci, A., Cowden, J., Cumpston, K.L., Curfman, E., Czerczak, S., Daam, M.A., Dahlstrom, D.L., Darracq, M.A., Darwich, A.S., Das, S.R., Davis, J.A., de la Casa Resino, I., de la Torre, A.H., de Lourdes Bastos, M., del Río, E., de Marcellus, S., Demers, P.A., de Peyster, A., Derakhshani, M., Desai, S.N., de San Andrés Larrea, M.I., Descotes, J., Devi, S.S., Devlin, J.J., de Voogt, P., Devriese, L., DeWoskin, R.S., de Zwart, D., Diederich, M., Dieter, H.H., Di Guardo, A., Đikić, D., Dincer, I., Dissanayake, V., DiZio, S.M., Dodd-Butera, T., Doke, D., Dorsey, R.M., Dougherty, M.M., Dourson, M.L., Drake, V.J., Duffus, J.H., Dumancas, G.G., Dumbacher, J.P., DuTeaux, S.B., Dydek, S.T., Dykens, J.A., Eagle, S.R., Eastmond, D.A., Easton, J.D., Eidemiller, B.J., Eisen, E.A., Emami, A., Emami, S., Embry, M.R., Emswiler, M.P., Erraguntla, N.K., Escribano, M., Espín, S., Estevan, C., Estévez, J., Etemad, L., Everson, G.W., Ewers, L.M., Fain, J.H., Fan, A.M., Farris, F.F., Farshchi, A., Fatoki, O.S., Feakes, D., Feasel, M., Fedoruk, M.J., Feitshans, I.L., Fent, G.M., Fernández-Tajes, J., Fernández, Á.J.G., Fernández, C., Fernández Rodríguez, M.D., Ferrari, B., Fidalgo, J., Fields, A., Finch, G.L., Finizio, A., Finnveden, G., Fitzgerald, L., Foroumadi, A., Fuentes, D., Gad, K., Gad, S.C., Gad, S.E., Gadagbui, B., Gammon, D.W., García-Fernández, A.J., García Gómez, M.C., Gardner, D.E., Garrard, A., Garric, J., Gautam, G., Geffard, O., Genter, M.B., Gevaart-Durkin, A., Ghafouri, N., Ghazali, A.R., Ghoreishi, K., Ghosh, B., Gilbert, S.G., Giordano, G., Giouleme, O., Gironés, M.C.L.R., Gobba, F., Goel, S., Gohari, A.R., Gohlke, J.M., Golbabaei, S., Gold, S.C., Gómez-López, V.M., Gómez-Ramírez, P., González-Canga, A., González, G.L., Goodman, J.E., Gordon, E., Gordon, T., Gorodetsky, R., Gray, J.P., Green, M.D., Greim, H., Griffiths, J.C., Groth, C.M., Guedes de Pinho, P., Gupta, N., Gupta, R.C., Gutiérrez, A.J., Guy, R.C., Haber, L.T., Hacatoglu, K., Hahn, K., Haines, J.A., Hakkinen, P.J., Hall, E.J., Hall, G.J., Hall, V.R., Hambright, K.D., Handler, J.A., Hansen, D.K., Hanson, K.M., Hanson, M., Hardison, L.S., Hardisson, A., Harper, S.L., Hartmann, A.C., Hartung, T., Hartwig, A., Hassani, S., Hatlelid, K.M., Hayes, A.W., Hayes, A.N., Heidari, M.R., Henderson, J., Henriksen, B., Hernández-Moreno, D., Hertzberg, R.C., Hesterberg, T., Heyndrickx, M., Hicks, D., Hikkaduwa Koralege, R.S., Hilburn, M.E., Hinderliter, P., Hines, E.P., Hirakawa, B., Hirata, C.M., Ho, S., Hobson, D.W., Hoffmann, S., Holloway, A.C., Holstege, C.P., Holstege, E., Hon, S.L., Honeycutt, M., Hong, S., Hoover, M.D., Hopf, N.B., Hopp, A.G., Horiguchi, H., Hosseini-Tabatabaei, A., Hosseini, A., Hostetler, M.A., Hsu, C.H., Huang, F.X., Hulla, J.E., Hultén, P., Hultin, M.L., Hurst, H.E., Iannucci, A., Inayat-Hussain, S.H., Inselman, A.L., Iskander, J., Jabbour, R.E., Jaberidoost, M., Jacobs, M., Jamei, M., Jamison, K.P., Janes, M., Janz, D.M., Jazayeri, S.B., Jenkins, A., Jiang, M., Jin, N., John, K., Jones, L., Jones, P.D., Jordan, S.A., Jurado, A.S., Kalapos, M.P., Kamrin, M.A., Kapp, R.W., Karami-Mohajeri, S., Karanth, S., Karimi, G., Katz, S.A., Kem, W.R., Kempegowda, P., Kennedy, G.L., Kester, J.E., Khaksar, M.R., Kharabaf, S., Khoobi, M., Kiersma, M.E., Kilpinen, J.M., Kim, D.H., Kim, S.T., Kimbrough, R.D., Klein, S.J., Knechtges, P.L., Knuckles, T.L., Knudsen, T.B., Korrapati, M.C., Koshlukova, S.E., Kovacic, P., Kraft, A., Krafts, K., Krishnan, P., Kruger, C.L., Kubic, A., Kulkarni, S., Kwok, E.S.C., Laffon, B., Lagadic, L., Lambert, C.E., Landolph, J.R., Lange, R.W., Lank, P., Lari, P., Lasley, W., Lawana, V., Lazo, C.R., Ledrich, M.-L., Le Goff, F., Lein, P.J., Leung, H.-W., Leung, Y.L., Lewandowski, T.A., Li, X., Liesivuori, J., Lim, L., Limaye, P., Lin, H.H., Lin, S.C., Litovitz, T., Liu, F., Liu, J., Lloyd-Smith, M., Lo, J.C.Y., Loccisano, A.E., Logan, P., López, S., Lord-Garcia, J., Lotti, M., Luschützky, E., Mahdaviani, P., Maier, A., Makhaeva, G.F., Malátová, I., Malekirad, A.A., Manayi, A., Mangas, I., Mangino, M., Mangipudy, R.S., Maples, R.D., Marcel, B.J., Marigómez, I., Marraffa, J.M., Martínez-López, E., Mathews, S.M., Maxim, L.D., Maxwell-Stuart, P.G., Mayor, A., McClane, B.A., McCoole, M.D., McCormick, D.B., McGregor, D., McKee, J.M., McMartin, K., Meek, B., Megharaj, M., Mehendale, H.M., Mehrpour, O., Mendes, A., Méndez, J., Menn, F.-M., Meyer, S.A., Michalak, I., Míguez-Santiyán, M.P., Mikulewicz, M., Milanez, S., Mileson, B.E., Miller, G.W., Miller, S.J., Miller, S.M., Millner, G.C., Minarchick, V.C., Miracle, A.L., Mirajkar, N.S., Mirkes, P.E., Mitra, M.S., Mody, V., Mogl, S., Mohammadirad, A., Mojica, E.-R.E., Molander, L., Molina López, A.M., Momen-Heravi, F., Montague, P., Monteiro, J.P., Monticelli, F., Morceau, F., Moreno, M., Morgan, B.W., Mortensen, S.R., Moser, V.C., Moshiri, M., Mostafalou, S., Moyer, R.A., Mumy, K.L., Munday, R., Murdianti, B.S., Murray, A., Murray, T.M., Murta, T.L., Nadri, H., Naidu, R., Naile, J.E., Naistat, D.M., Nakajima, T., Nalliah, R.E., Nance, P., Nathan, S., Navarro, L., Navas, I.M., Nelson, L.S., Nerin, C., Newsted, J., Nikfar, S., Nili-Ahmadabadi, A., Nobay, F., Nony, P., Nurkiewicz, T.R., Oi, M., Okoro, H.K., Oliveira, P.A., Olsen, L.R., Oropesa Jiménez, A.L., Othumpangat, S., Pablos, M.V., Pakulska, D., Pakzad, M., Pallasch, E.M., Pamies, D., Parihar, H.S., Parmar, M.S., Parod, R.J., Paschos, P., Patterson, J., Patterson, T.J., Patterson, T.A., Paulo Teixeira, J., Pawlaczyk, A., Pearson, M.A., Pellerano, M.B., Pellizzato, F., Perales, C.M., Peredy, T., Pereira, J., Pérez-López, M., Peri, R., Persad, A.S., Persson, H., Perwaiz, S., Peterson, M.K., Pham, P.J., Pham, T., Philip, B.K., Pichery, C., Pickett, A.J., Piña, B., Pinkerton, K.E., Pleus, R.C., Podder, S., Poirier, M.C., Pomerleau, A.C., Pope, C., Posthuma, L., Potting, J., Pournourmohammadi, S., Pravasi, S.D., Preston, R.J., Prusakov, P.A., Punja, M., Puran, A.C., Purcell, M.M., Qian, L., Qozi, M., Quintana, P.J.E., Rabiei, M., Radulovic, L.L., Rahmani, N., Rajabi, M., Raman, P., Ramasahayam, S., Ramos-Peralonso, M.J., Rankin, G.O., Rao, C.V., Rao, P.S., Rashedinia, M., Rath, A.D., Ray, D.E., Ray, S.D., Reed, N.R., Remião, F., Rezaee, R., Rezvanfar, M.A., Rezvani, N., Rhomberg, L.R., Riar, N.K., Rice, G., Richardson, J.R., Richardson, R.J., Richter, P., Rider, G., Rivera, H.L., Robbens, J., Roberts, D.J., Roberts, L.G., Robinson, P.J., Robles, H., Rodgers, B.E., Rodgers, K., Rodriguez, Y.R., Rodriguez Fernández, C., Roede, J.R., Rogawski, M.A., Rojo, L., Romano, J.A., Rose, S.R., Rosen, M.A., Rossol, M., Rostami–Hodjegan, A., Rourke, J.L., Roy, R., Roy, S.S., Rozman, K.K., Rubin, A.L., Rubio, C., Ruch, R.J., Rumbeiha, W.K., Rushton, W., Sabzevari, O., Saeedi, M., Saeid, A., Saeidnia, S., Saghir, S.A., Saili, K.S., Salem, H., Salvago, M.R. Moyano, Salvatore, J.R., San Andrés Larrea, M.D., San Andrés Larrea, M.I., Sarazan, R.D., Sardari, S., Sasaki, T., Sawant, S.P., Schaeffer, V., Schep, L.J., Schlesinger, R.B., Schneider, S.M., Schreffler, S.M., Schultz, M.M., Schwartz, M., Schwela, D., Scott, A.L., Scott, B.R., Scribner, K., Seabury, R.W., Seco, B., Seeley, M., Seifert, J., Sellamuthu, R., Serex, T.L., Sexton, K., Shadnia, S., Shafiee, A., Shah, I., Shankar, K., Sheets, L.P., Sheppard, L., Shiotsuka, R.N., Shirley, S., Shojaei Saadi, H.A., Sibbald, K.N., Sidell, F.R., Siegrist, M., Simmons, J.E., Sinal, C.J., Singh, P., Skoglund, R., Skonberg, C., Slaughter, R.J., Sledge, C.L., Slothower, J.D., Smith, M., Smith, M.T., Snider, D.B., Snyman, R.G., Sobanska, M., Sogorb, M.Á., Soler-Rodríguez, F., Solgi, R., Solomon, K.R., Somanathan, R., Sonawane, B.R., Song, X., Soni, M.G., Sorensen, J., Soucy, N.V., Southard, R.J., Spainhour, C.B., Spencer, P.S., Spiller, H.A., Spoelhof, B., Stanard, B., Stanek, L.W., Stapleton, P.A., Stedeford, T., Steidl-Nichols, J., Stephens, M., Steyn, N.P., Stickney, J., Stohs, S.J., Stone, D., Stool, D., Stork, C.M., Strohm, B., Stromberg, P.E., Sullivan, D.W., Sullivan, M.R., Sultatos, L.G., Suryanarayanan, A., Syed, I., Szabo, D.T., Szynkowska, M.I., Takacs, Z., Talaska, G., Talbot, P., Tanguay, R.L., Tarazona, J.V., Teixeira, J.P., Temple, N.J., Temple, W.A., Tena, A., Teuschler, L.K., Thackaberry, E.A., Thakore, K.N., Theodorakis, C., Thompson, R.E., Thornton, S.L., Ting, D., Tirmenstein, M.A., Touwaide, A., Towne, T.G., Traven, S.A., Tritscher, A., Troendle, M., Trosko, J.E., Tsai, W.-T., Tsai-Turton, M., Tsatsakis, A., Tsitsimpikou, C., Tsubura, A., Tsuda, T., Tyl, R.W., Udarbe Zamora, E.M., Utell, M.J., Vahabzadeh, M., Vaidya, V.S., Valdiglesias, V., Valentovic, M.A., Valerio, L.G., Vales, T., Vandenberg, L.N., van den Brink, P.J., van der Kolk, J., Van Vleet, T.R., van Vliet, E., Varga, J., Venkateswarlu, K., Verslycke, T., Versonnen, B., Verstraete, K., Vighi, M., Vilanova, E., Vincent, L., Vincent, M., Visser, R., Volger, B., von Stackelberg, K., Vulimiri, S.V., Wahl, M., Walker, N.J., Walker, T.D., Wallace, D.R., Wang, C., Wang, G.S., Wanna-Nakamura, S.C., Watson, R.E., Wattenberg, E.V., Wax, P.M., Weaver, J.A., Webber, N.R., Weber, J.A., Weber, L.P., Weinrich, A.J., Weiss, B., Wennberg, A., Wernke, M.J., Weston, A., Wexler, P., White, L.D., Whittaker, M.H., Wiedenfeld, H., Wiegand, T.J., Wikoff, D.S., Wild, C.P., Will, Y., Willett, C., Willhite, C.C., Willis, A., Willis, K., Wills, B.K., Wilson, B.W., Wittliff, J.L., Wojcinski, Z.W., Wolfe, M.S., Wood, C.S., Woodall, G.M., Woolley, A., Xia, M., Ximba, B.J., Yan, B., Yanagiba, Y., Yang, D., Yang, N., Yoon, M., Yorifuji, T., Yoshizawa, K., Young, R.A., Zamor, R.M., and Zhao, Q.J.

Published
2014
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130. Effect of Organic Acids on SalmonellaShedding and Colonization in Pigs on a Farm with High SalmonellaPrevalence

Author

Rasschaert, G., Michiels, J., Tagliabue, M., Missotten, J., De Smet, S., and Heyndrickx, M.

Abstract

This study builds on the results of a previous study in which six commercial feed products based on organic acids were evaluated with respect to Salmonellacontamination of piglets in an artificially challenged seeder model. In the present study, the efficacy of three of these commercial products was assessed for Salmonellareduction in fattening pigs on one closed farm with a natural high Salmonellaprevalence. In each of four fattening compartments, one of the following feed treatments was evaluated during two consecutive fattening rounds: (i) butyric acid (active ingredients at 1.3 kg/ton of feed; supplement A1), (ii) a combination of short-chain organic acids (mixture of free acids and salts) and natural extracts (2.92 kg/ton; supplement A4), (iii) a 1:1 blend of two commercial products consisting of medium-chain fatty acids, lactic acid, and oregano oil (3.71 kg/ton; supplement A5+A6), and (iv) a control feed. On the farm, the Salmonellastatus of the fattening pigs was evaluated by taking fecal samples twice during the fattening period. At the slaughterhouse, samples were collected from the cecal contents and the ileocecal lymph nodes. Salmonellaisolates were serotyped and characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. This farm had a particularly high number of pigs shedding Salmonellawith a wide variety of sero- and pulsotypes. Only the feed blend based on the medium-chain fatty acids was able to significantly reduce Salmonellaprevalence both on the farm and at the slaughterhouse. With this combined supplement, the Salmonellareduction in the feces at slaughter age, in cecal contents at slaughter, and the lymph nodes was 50, 36, and 67%, respectively, compared with the control animals. This promising finding calls for further investigation including cost-efficiency of this combined feed product and its effect on the animals.

Published
2016
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132. Phage and MLVA Typing of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from Layers and Humans in Belgium from 2000-2010, A Period in which Vaccination of Laying Hens was Introduced.

Author

Dewaele, I., Heyndrickx, M., Rasschaert, G., Bertrand, S., Wildemauwe, C., Wattiau, P., Imberechts, H., Herman, L., Ducatelle, R., Van Weyenberg, S., and De Reu, K.

Subjects
*SALMONELLA enteritidis, *VACCINATION, *HENS, *POPULATION biology
Abstract

The aim of the study was to characterize isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis ( S. Enteritidis) obtained from humans and layer farms in Belgium collected during 2000-2010. Three periods were compared, namely (i) before implementation of vaccination (2000-2004), (ii) during voluntary vaccination (2005-2006) and (iii) during implementation of the national control program ( NCP) for Salmonella including mandatory vaccination against S. Enteritidis (2007-2010). The characteristics compared across time periods were distributions of phage type and multiple-locus variable number tandem-repeat assay ( MLVA). While PT4 and PT21 were predominantly isolated in Belgium in layers and humans before 2007, a significant reduction of those PTs was observed in both populations in the period 2007-2010. The relative proportion of PT4b, PT21c and PT6c was found to have increased considerably in the layer population since 2007. In the human population, PT8, PT1 and the group of 'other' PTs were more frequently isolated compared to the previous periods. When comparing the proportion of the predominant MLVA types Q2 and U2, no significant difference was found between the layer and human population in the three periods and between periods within each category (layer and human). A significant difference in isolate distribution among MLVA clusters I and II was found between human and layer isolates recovered during Period 3 and in the human population between Period 1 and 3. Results suggest that the association between S. Enteritidis in layers and the occurrence of the pathogen in humans changed since implementation of the NCP in 2007. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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134. A polyphasic reassessment of the genus Aneurinibacillus, reclassification of Bacillus thermoaerophilus (Meier-Stauffer et al. 1996) as Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus comb. nov., and emended descriptions of A. aneurinilyticus corrig., A. migulanus, and A. thermoaerophilus

Author

Heyndrickx, M., primary, Lebbe, L., additional, Vancanneyt, M., additional, Kersters, K., additional, De Vos, P., additional, Logan, N. A., additional, Forsyth, G., additional, Nazli, S., additional, Ali, N., additional, and Berkeley, R. C. W., additional

Published
1998
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138. A Polyphasic Reassessment of the Genus Aneurinibacillus, Reclassification of Bacillus thermoaerophilus (Meier-Stauffer et al. 1996) as Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus comb, nov., and Emended Descriptions of A. aneurinilyticus corrig., A. migulanus, and A. thermoaerophilus

Author

Heyndrickx, M., primary, Lebbe, L., additional, Vancanneyt, M., additional, Kersters, K., additional, De Vos, P., additional, Logan, N. A., additional, Forsyth, G., additional, Nazli, S., additional, Ali, N., additional, and Berkeley, R. C. W., additional

Published
1997
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140. A Polyphasic Reassessment of the Genus Paenibacillus, Reclassification of Bacillus lautus (Nakamura 1984) as Paenibacillus lautus comb. nov. and of Bacillus peoriae (Montefusco et al. 1993) as Paenibacillus peoriae comb. nov., and Emended Descriptions of P. lautus and of P. peoriae

Author

HEYNDRICKX, M., primary, VANDEMEULEBROECKE, K., additional, SCHELDEMAN, P., additional, KERSTERS, K., additional, DE VOS, P., additional, LOGAN, N. A., additional, AZIZ, A. M., additional, ALI, N., additional, and BERKELEY, R. C. W., additional

Published
1996
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142. Reclassification of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) pulvifaciens (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994, a Later Subjective Synonym of Paenibacillus (formerly Bacillus) larvae (White 1906) Ash et al. 1994, as a Subspecies of P. larvae, with Emended Descriptions of P. larvae as P. larvae subsp. larvae and P. larvae subsp. pulvifaciens

Author

HEYNDRICKX, M., primary, VANDEMEULEBROECKE, K., additional, HOSTE, B., additional, JANSSEN, P., additional, KERSTERS, K., additional, DE VOS, P., additional, LOGAN, N. A., additional, ALI, N., additional, and BERKELEY, R. C. W., additional

Published
1996
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143. Paenibacillus (Formerly Bacillus) gordonae (Pichinoty et. al. 1986) Ash et al. 1994 Is a Later Subjective Synonym of Paenibacillus (Formerly Bacillus) validus (Nakamura 1984) Ash et al. 1994: Emended Description of P. validus

Author

HEYNDRICKX, M., primary, VANDEMEULEBROECKE, K., additional, SCHELDEMAN, P., additional, HOSTE, B., additional, KERSTERS, K., additional, DE VOS, P., additional, LOGAN, N. A., additional, AZIZ, A. M., additional, ALI, N., additional, and BERKELEY, R. C. W., additional

Published
1995
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144. Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398 in Pig Farms and Multispecies Farms.

Author

Verhegghe, M., Pletinckx, L. J., Crombé, F., Vandersmissen, T., Haesebrouck, F., Butaye, P., Heyndrickx, M., and Rasschaert, G.

Subjects
METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus, SWINE farms, POULTRY, LOCUS (Genetics), GENETIC polymorphisms, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests
Abstract

During the last few years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398 has been isolated frequently from livestock, especially from pigs and to a lesser extent from cattle and poultry. To gain insight into the distribution of this bacterium in pig farms versus multispecies farms, 30 Belgian farms (10 pig, 10 pig/poultry and 10 pig/cattle farms) were screened for the presence of MRSA. On each farm, 10 nasal swabs were taken from pigs. When present, cattle ( n = 10) were sampled in the nares and poultry ( n = 10) in the nares, earlobes and cloaca. A selection of the obtained isolates were further characterized using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing, SCC mec typing, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. On 26 of 30 farms, MRSA was isolated from pigs. Furthermore, MRSA was also isolated from poultry and cattle on one pig/poultry and five pig/cattle farms, respectively. All tested MRSA isolates belonged to ST398. Eight spa types (t011, t034, t567, t571, t1451, t2974, t3423 and t5943) were detected, among which t011 predominated. SCC mec cassettes type IVa and V were present in 20% and 72% of the isolates, respectively. When combining the results of the two remaining typing methods, PFGE and MLVA, eighteen genotypes were obtained of which one genotype predominated (56% of the positive farms). All MRSA isolates were resistant to tetracycline. Resistance to trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicol was also observed. In conclusion, there was no effect of the farm type on the MRSA status of the pigs. A statistically significant difference was observed when comparing the pig/poultry or the pig/cattle MRSA status on the multispecies farms. Additionally, a wide variety of MRSA ST398 strains was found within certain farms when combining different typing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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145. Limited Genetic Diversity and Gene Expression Differences between Egg- and Non-Egg-Related Salmonella Enteritidis Strains.

Author

Botteldoorn, N., Van Coillie, E., Goris, J., Werbrouck, H., Piessens, V., Godard, C., Scheldeman, P., Herman, L., and Heyndrickx, M.

Subjects
SALMONELLA enteritidis, BIODIVERSITY, FOOD poisoning, GENE expression, MESSENGER RNA
Abstract

Salmonella Enteritidis strains of egg- and non-egg-related origin were characterized molecularly to find markers correlated with the egg-contaminating property of Salmonella Enteritidis. Isolates were examined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), plasmid profiling and phage typing. Furthermore, the presence of 30 virulence genes was tested by PCR. In genetic fingerprinting and gene content, only small differences between the strains were found and no correlation was observed with the origin (egg-related versus non-egg-related). A major RADP group was present in both egg- and non-egg-related strains, but other smaller RAPD groups were present as well in both categories of strains. Phage types PT4 and PT21 were predominant. Differential mRNA expression levels of fimA and agfA under conditions of growth simulating the conditions during egg formation were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Although differences in fimA and agfA expression levels were observed between the strains, these could not be correlated with the origin of the strains (egg-related versus non-egg-related). The highest expression levels of agfA and fimA were only found in two non-egg-related strains, which seemed to be correlated with the presence of a 93 kb plasmid instead of the 60 kb virulence plasmid. Our results seem to indicate only a limited role for at least type I fimbriae (encoded by fim operon) in egg contamination by Salmonella Enteritidis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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148. Occurrence of Bacillus sporothermodurans and other aerobic spore-forming species in feed concentrate for dairy cattle.

Author

Heyndrickx, M., Vaerewijck, M.J.M., De Vos, P., Lebbe, L., Scheldeman, P., and Hoste, B.

Subjects
*BACTERIAL spores, *BACILLUS (Bacteria)
Abstract

Aims: To determine the aerobic spore composition and presence of Bacillus sporothermodurans spores in feed concentrate for dairy cattle. Methods and Results: Six feed concentrate samples from five different farms were analysed. High levels of spores (up to 106 spores g–1) were found. Identification of 100 selected isolates was obtained by a combination of fatty acid methyl esters analysis, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis and 16S rDNA sequencing. Ninety-seven isolates could be identified to the species level or assigned to a phylogenetic species group. Most of the isolates obtained after a heat treatment of 10 min at 80°C were identified as members of the B. subtilis group (32 isolates), B. pumilus (25 isolates), B. clausii (eight isolates) and B. licheniformis (eight isolates). The isolates with very heat-resistant spores, obtained after a heat treatment of 30 min at 100°C, were identified as members of the B. subtilis group (five isolates), B. sporothermodurans (three isolates), B. amyloliquefaciens (one isolate), B. oleronius (one isolate) and B. pallidus (one isolate). Bacillus cereus was present in each feed concentrate sample and was isolated using a selective mannitol egg yolk polymyxin agar medium. Conclusions: Feed concentrate for dairy cattle contains known as well as as yet unknown species of Bacillus and related genera with properties relevant to the dairy sector. Significance and Impact of the Study: The results formulate the hypothesis that feed concentrate can be a contamination source of spores, including those of B. sporothermodurans, for raw milk at the farm level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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149. Effect of Farm Type on Within-Herd SalmonellaPrevalence, Serovar Distribution, and Antimicrobial Resistance

Author

Rasschaert, G., Michiels, J., Arijs, D., Wildemauwe, C., Smet, S. DE, and Heyndrickx, M.

Abstract

Salmonellarepresents a major challenge to the pig industry, as pork presents a risk for human salmonellosis. In this study, we have examined the effect of farm type on the prevalence of fattening pigs shedding Salmonellaon 12 farms at risk for harboring Salmonella. On six open (grow-to-finish) and six closed (farrow-to-finish) farms, the prevalence of pigs shedding Salmonellawas determined on two occasions approximately 2 months apart. The serovar, phage type, and antimicrobial resistance of the obtained Salmonellaisolates were determined. On all farms, pigs shedding Salmonellawere detected on at least one of the two sampling days. The mean within-herd prevalence was 7.8%. Closed farms were two times less likely to have pigs shedding Salmonellathan open farms. On open farms, the odds of finding Salmonellashedding in pigs were 1.9 times higher when sampling was performed at slaughter age than when samples were taken halfway through the fattening period. Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium was the most predominant serotype, with a prevalence of 62 to 63% on both farm types. Of all the SalmonellaTyphimurium isolates, 65% had the tetraresistant profile ASSuT (ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline) with or without additional resistance to trimethoprim-sulfonamide. Phage type DT120 seemed to be especially associated with this antimicrobial-resistant profile. The prevalence of SalmonellaTyphimurium isolates showing resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, trimethoprim-sulfonamide, and lincomycin hydrochloride and spectinomycin sulfate tetrahydrate was significantly higher on open farms than on closed farms.

Published
2012
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