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101. Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27 000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study

Author

Yusuf, Salim, Hawken, Steven, Ounpuu, Stephanie, Bautista, Leonelo, Franzosi, Maria Grazia, Commerford, Patrick, Lang, Chim C., Rumboldt, Zvonko, Onen, Churchill L., Lisheng, Liu, Tanomsup, Supachai, Wangai, Paul, Jr., Razak, Fahad, Sharma, Arya M., and Anand, Sonia S.

Subjects
Obesity -- Care and treatment, Obesity -- Risk factors, Obesity -- Complications and side effects, Obesity -- Statistics, Cardiovascular diseases -- Risk factors, Diabetes -- Health aspects, Diabetes -- Risk factors
Published
2005

102. Obesity and the risk of myocardial infarction in 27a[euro]000 participants from 52 countries: a case-control study

Author

Yusuf, Salim, Hawken, Steven, Ounpuu, Stephanie, Bautista, Leonelo, Franzosi, Maria Grazia, Commerford, Patrick, Lang, Chim C, Rumboldt, Zvonko, Onen, Churchill L, Lisheng, Liu, Tanomsup, Supachai, Wangai, Paul, Razak, Fahad, Sharma, Arya M, and Anand, Sonia S

Subjects
Heart attack -- Risk factors, Obesity -- Complications and side effects, Health risk assessment
Published
2005

106. Colorectal cancer

Author

Campbell, Harry, primary, Hawken, Steven, additional, Theodoratou, Evropi, additional, Demarsh, Alex, additional, Hutchings, Kimberley, additional, Johnson, Candice Y., additional, Masson, Lindsey, additional, Sharp, Linda, additional, Tait, Valerie, additional, and Little, Julian, additional

Published
2009
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113. External validation of ELASTIC NET regression models including newborn metabolomic markers for postnatal gestational age estimation in East and South-East Asian infants

Author

Hawken, Steven, primary, Murphy, Malia S. Q., additional, Ducharme, Robin, additional, Bota, A. Brianne, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A., additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Tumulak, Ma-Am Joy, additional, Alcausin, Maria Melanie Liberty, additional, Reyes, Ma Elouisa, additional, Qiu, Wenjuan, additional, Potter, Beth K., additional, Little, Julian, additional, Walker, Mark, additional, Zhang, Lin, additional, Padilla, Carmencita, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional

Published
2020
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115. Development and external validation of machine learning algorithms for postnatal gestational age estimation using clinical data and metabolomic markers

Author

Hawken, Steven, primary, Ducharme, Robin, additional, Murphy, Malia S.Q., additional, Olibris, Brieanne, additional, Bota, A. Brianne, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A., additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Little, Julian, additional, Potter, Beth K., additional, Denize, Kathryn M., additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Henderson, Matthew, additional, Rittenhouse, Katelyn J., additional, Price, Joan T., additional, Mwape, Humphrey, additional, Vwalika, Bellington, additional, Musonda, Patrick, additional, Pervin, Jesmin, additional, Chowdhury, AK Azad, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, Stringer, Jeffrey S.A., additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional

Published
2020
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118. How has access to legal cannabis changed over time? An analysis of the cannabis retail market in Canada 2 years following the legalisation of recreational cannabis.

Author

Myran, Daniel T., Staykov, Emiliyan, Cantor, Nathan, Taljaard, Monica, Quach, Bradley I., Hawken, Steven, and Tanuseputro, Peter

Subjects
CANNABIS (Genus), RETAIL stores, OLDER people, CONFIDENCE intervals, RETAIL store openings
Abstract

Introduction: This study describes the legal recreational cannabis market across Canada over the 2 years following legalisation. We compared changes in access to the legal cannabis retail market for all provinces and territories (jurisdictions) in Canada and explored differences between jurisdictions. Methods: We collected data for all legal cannabis stores in Canada over five time periods following legalisation in October 2018. We examined the following measures by jurisdiction and retail model (public vs. private operation): absolute and per capita store numbers, hours of operation and store access across neighbourhoods. Results: Two years following legalisation, there were a total of 1183 legal cannabis stores open across Canada (3.7 stores per 100 000 individuals aged 15+). There was wide variation between jurisdictions in access to retail stores, with the lowest stores per capita in Quebec and Ontario (0.6 and 1.6 per 100 000), and the highest in Alberta and Yukon (14.3 per 100 000 in both). Jurisdictions with private retail models had more stores (4.8 vs. 1.0 per 100 000), held greater median weekly hours (80 vs. 69) and experienced greater store growth over time compared to public models. After adjusting for confounders, there were 1.96 times (95% confidence intervals: 1.84, 2.09) more cannabis stores within 1000 m of the lowest‐ compared to the highest‐income quintile neighbourhoods. Discussion and Conclusions: While access to the recreational cannabis retail market has increased following legalisation, there is substantial variation in access between jurisdictions and evidence of concentration in lower‐income neighbourhoods. These differences may contribute to disparities in cannabis use and harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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121. Impact of baseline beta-blocker use on inotrope response and clinical outcomes in cardiogenic shock: a subgroup analysis of the DOREMI trial.

Author

Di Santo, Pietro, Mathew, Rebecca, Jung, Richard G., Simard, Trevor, Skanes, Stephanie, Mao, Brennan, Ramirez, F. Daniel, Marbach, Jeffrey A., Abdel-Razek, Omar, Motazedian, Pouya, Parlow, Simon, Boczar, Kevin E., D'Egidio, Gianni, Hawken, Steven, Bernick, Jordan, Wells, George A., Dick, Alexander, So, Derek Y., Glover, Christopher, and Russo, Juan J.

Abstract

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The impact of beta-blocker (BB) use on patients who develop CS remains unknown. We sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes and hemodynamic response profiles in patients treated with BB in the 24 h prior to the development of CS.Methods: Patients with CS enrolled in the DObutamine compaREd to MIlrinone trial were analyzed. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, resuscitated cardiac arrest, need for cardiac transplant or mechanical circulatory support, non-fatal myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack or stroke, or initiation of renal replacement therapy. Secondary outcomes included the individual components of the primary composite and hemodynamic response profiles derived from pulmonary artery catheters.Results: Among 192 participants, 93 patients (48%) had received BB therapy. The primary outcome occurred in 47 patients (51%) in the BB group and in 52 (53%) in the no BB group (RR 0.96; 95% CI 0.73-1.27; P = 0.78) throughout the in-hospital period. There were fewer early deaths in the BB group (RR 0.41; 95% CI 0.18-0.95; P = 0.03). There were no differences in other individual components of the primary outcome or in hemodynamic response between the two groups throughout the remainder of the hospitalization.Conclusions: BB therapy in the 24 h preceding the development of CS did not negatively influence clinical outcomes or hemodynamic parameters. On the contrary, BB use was associated with fewer deaths in the early resuscitation period, suggesting a paradoxically protective effect in patients with CS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03207165. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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127. External validation of postnatal gestational age estimation using newborn metabolic profiles in Matlab, Bangladesh

Author

Murphy, Malia SQ, primary, Hawken, Steven, additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A, additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Henderson, Matthew, additional, Pervin, Jesmin, additional, Chowdhury, Azad, additional, Gravett, Courtney, additional, Lackritz, Eve, additional, Potter, Beth K, additional, Walker, Mark, additional, Little, Julian, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional

Published
2019
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128. Association between newborn screening analyte profiles and infant mortality.

Author

Fell, Deshayne B., Wilson, Lindsay A., Hawken, Steven, Spruin, Sarah, Murphy, Malia, Potter, Beth K., Little, Julian, Chakraborty, Pranesh, Lacaze-Masmonteil, Thierry, and Wilson, Kumanan

Subjects
INFANT mortality, NEWBORN screening, INFANTS, AMINO acids, CONFIDENCE intervals, ACQUISITION of data, CASE-control method
Abstract

Objective: To assess whether newborn screening analytes could be utilized beyond their traditional application to identify infants at high risk of mortality within the first 6 months of life.Methods: We linked a province-wide newborn screening registry with health administrative databases to identify infant deaths within 6 months in a source population of live-born infants between 2010 and 2014. We used a nested case-control study design, in which all infant deaths between 7 days and 6 months of age were included as cases, and a random sample of infants from the source population were selected as controls and were matched to cases at a ratio of 10:1. We examined the association between mortality and screening analytes (acylcarnitines, amino acids, fetal-to-adult hemoglobin ratio, endocrine markers, and enzymes) using lasso regression to fit multivariable models.Results: Among 350 infant deaths between 7 days and 6 months of age, and 3498 matched controls with complete data, our multivariable model demonstrated only modest ability to identify infant deaths (optimism-corrected c-statistic: 0.61, 95% confidence interval: 0.50-0.71).Conclusion: We did not find newborn screening analytes to be strongly predictive of infant mortality between 7 days and 6 months of age in the general population of newborns. Future studies should investigate whether predictive modeling within more homogeneous cause-of-death categories could lead to improved predictive ability for infant mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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129. Postnatal gestational age estimation using newborn screening blood spots: a proposed validation protocol

Author

Murphy, Malia S Q, Hawken, Steven, Atkinson, Katherine M, Milburn, Jennifer, Pervin, Jesmin, Gravett, Courtney, Stringer, Jeffrey S A, Rahman, Anisur, Lackritz, Eve, Chakraborty, Pranesh, and Wilson, Kumanan

Subjects
obstetrics, validation study, newborn screening, screening, Protocol, epidemiology, gestational age, metabolomics
Abstract

Background Knowledge of gestational age (GA) is critical for guiding neonatal care and quantifying regional burdens of preterm birth. In settings where access to ultrasound dating is limited, postnatal estimates are frequently used despite the issues of accuracy associated with postnatal approaches. Newborn metabolic profiles are known to vary by severity of preterm birth. Recent work by our group and others has highlighted the accuracy of postnatal GA estimation algorithms derived from routinely collected newborn screening profiles. This protocol outlines the validation of a GA model originally developed in a North American cohort among international newborn cohorts. Methods Our primary objective is to use blood spot samples collected from infants born in Zambia and Bangladesh to evaluate our algorithm’s capacity to correctly classify GA within 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Secondary objectives are to 1) determine the algorithm's accuracy in small-for-gestational-age and large-for-gestational-age infants, 2) determine its ability to correctly discriminate GA of newborns across dichotomous thresholds of preterm birth (≤34 weeks

Published
2017

130. Author response: External validation of postnatal gestational age estimation using newborn metabolic profiles in Matlab, Bangladesh

Author

Murphy, Malia SQ, primary, Hawken, Steven, additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A, additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Henderson, Matthew, additional, Pervin, Jesmin, additional, Chowdhury, Azad, additional, Gravett, Courtney, additional, Lackritz, Eve, additional, Potter, Beth K, additional, Walker, Mark, additional, Little, Julian, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional

Published
2019
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134. FLUID trial: a protocol for a hospital-wide open-label cluster crossover pragmatic comparative effectiveness randomised pilot trial

Author

McIntyre, Lauralyn, primary, Taljaard, Monica, additional, McArdle, Tracy, additional, Fox-Robichaud, Alison, additional, English, Shane W, additional, Martin, Claudio, additional, Marshall, John, additional, Menon, Kusum, additional, Muscedere, John, additional, Cook, Deborah J, additional, Weijer, Charles, additional, Saginur, Raphael, additional, Maybee, Alies, additional, Iyengar, Akshai, additional, Forster, Alan, additional, Graham, Ian D, additional, Hawken, Steven, additional, McCartney, Colin, additional, Seely, Andrew JE, additional, Stiell, Ian G, additional, Thavorn, Kednapa, additional, and Fergusson, Dean A, additional

Published
2018
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138. Postnatal Gestational Age Estimation Using Newborn Metabolic Profiles: A Validation Study in Matlab, Bangladesh

Author

SQ Murphy, Malia, primary, Hawken, Steven, additional, Cheng, Wei, additional, Wilson, Lindsay A., additional, Lamoureux, Monica, additional, Henderson, Matthew, additional, Pervin, Jesmin, additional, Chowdhury, Ak Azad, additional, Gravett, Courtney, additional, Lackritz, Eve, additional, Potter, Beth K., additional, Walker, Mark, additional, Little, Julian, additional, Rahman, Anisur, additional, Chakraborty, Pranesh, additional, and Wilson, Kumanan, additional

Published
2018
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142. Association of psychosocial risk factors with risk of acute myocardial infarction in 11119 cases and 13648 controls from 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study

Author

Rosengren, Annika, Hawken, Steven, Ounpuu, Stephanie, Sliwa, Karen, Zubaid, Mohammad, Almahmeed, Wael A., Blackett, Kathleen Ngu, Sitthi-amorn, Chitr, Sato, Hiroshi, and Yusuf, Salim

Subjects
Stress (Psychology) -- Research, Stress (Psychology) -- Risk factors, Risk factors (Health) -- Psychological aspects, Risk factors (Health) -- Research, Heart attack -- Risk factors, Heart attack -- Research
Published
2004

143. Identifying Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions in Whole Populations : Coding the STOPP-START Criteria for Use with Large, Routinely Collected Population Datasets

Author

Bjerre, Lise M., Ramsay, Timothy, Cahir, Catriona, Ryan, Cristin, Halil, Roland, Farrell, Barbara, Thavorn, Kednapa, Catley, Christina, Hawken, Steven, Ducharme, Robin, Smith, Glenys, Gillespie, Ulrika, Manuel, Douglas G., Bjerre, Lise M., Ramsay, Timothy, Cahir, Catriona, Ryan, Cristin, Halil, Roland, Farrell, Barbara, Thavorn, Kednapa, Catley, Christina, Hawken, Steven, Ducharme, Robin, Smith, Glenys, Gillespie, Ulrika, and Manuel, Douglas G.

Published
2017

144. Identifying Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions in Whole Populations : Coding the Beers Criteria for Use with Large, Routinely Collected Population Datasets

Author

Bjerre, Lise M., Ramsay, Timothy, Cahir, Catriona, Ryan, Cristin, Halil, Roland, Farrell, Barbara, Thavorn, Kednapa, Catley, Christina, Hawken, Steven, Ducharme, Robin, Smith, Glenys, Gillespie, Ulrika, Manuel, Douglas G., Bjerre, Lise M., Ramsay, Timothy, Cahir, Catriona, Ryan, Cristin, Halil, Roland, Farrell, Barbara, Thavorn, Kednapa, Catley, Christina, Hawken, Steven, Ducharme, Robin, Smith, Glenys, Gillespie, Ulrika, and Manuel, Douglas G.

Published
2017

145. Methodological Approaches to Studying Risk Factors for Adverse Events Following Routine Vaccinations in the General Population and Vulnerable Subgroups of Individuals Using Health Administrative Data

Author

Hawken, Steven

Subjects
Adverse events following immunization, Self Controlled Case Series, Vaccine Safety
Abstract

Objectives: This thesis included 6 manuscripts which focused on the analysis of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs), including general health services utilization (emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions) and specific diagnoses (e.g. febrile convulsions). The main objectives of this research were: 1) To demonstrate the utility of the self-controlled case series (SCCS) design coupled with health administrative data for studying the safety of vaccines; 2) Introducing an innovative approach using relative incidence ratios (RIRs) within an SCCS analysis to identify risk factors for AEFIs and to overcome the healthy vaccinee bias; and 3) To demonstrate how SCCS and RIR analyses of health services outcomes in health administrative data can provide important insights into underlying physiological and behavioural mechanisms. Data Sources: This work utilized Ontario health administrative data housed at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES). The study included all children born in Ontario, Canada between 2002 and 2011 (over 1 million children). Vaccinations were identified using OHIP fee for service billing codes for general vaccination. Admissions and ER visits for any reason were identified in the Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) and National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS). Primary reasons for admissions and ER visits were investigated using ICD-10-CA codes reported in the DAD and NACRS databases. Statistical Methods: The self-controlled case series design (SCCS) was used to calculate the relative incidence of admissions, ER visits and other AEFIs. To investigate relative incidence for AEFIs across risk groups of interest, as well as addressing the healthy vaccinee effect bias, RIRs were calculated. RIRs are the ratio of incidence ratios in a subgroup of interest relative to a designated reference group. Results and Conclusions: The combined approach of using the SCCS design and RIRs to identify risk factors and overcome the healthy vaccinee bias proved to be a powerful approach to studying vaccine safety. Future work will be important to characterize the performance and validity of the SCCS + RIR approach in the presence of increasing levels of confounding and differing manifestations of the healthy vaccinee bias, as well as to elucidate the biological and behavioural mechanisms underlying our findings.

Published
2014
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146. Assessing the risk of intussusception and rotavirus vaccine safety in Canada

Author

Hawken, Steven, primary, Ducharme, Robin, additional, Rosella, Laura C., additional, Benchimol, Eric I., additional, Langley, Joanne M., additional, Wilson, Kumanan, additional, Crowcroft, Natasha S., additional, Halperin, Scott A., additional, Desai, Shalina, additional, Naus, Monika, additional, Sanford, Carolyn J., additional, Mahmud, Salah M., additional, and Deeks, Shelley L., additional

Published
2016
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