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1,225 results on '"Hanson, Robert L."'

104. Alcohol consumption predicts hypertension but not diabetes

Author

Saremi, Aramesh, Hanson, Robert L., Tulloch-Reid, Marshall, Williams, Desmond E., and Knowler, William C.

Subjects
Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Risk factors, Diabetes -- Causes of -- Risk factors, Hypertension -- Causes of -- Risk factors, Health, Psychology and mental health, Risk factors, Causes of
Abstract

Objective: This study examines the associations between alcohol consumption, Type 2 diabetes and hypertension in a native American population. Method: Data were collected in a population-based cross-sectional and prospective study conducted on 3,789 individuals aged ≥ 20 years. Reported alcohol consumption was classified as never, occasional or, THE ROLE OF ALCOHOL use in the etiology of Type 2 diabetes is unclear. Several prospective studies (Ajani et al., 2000; Conigrave et al., 2001) have shown a negative or [...]

Published
2004

109. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes

Author

Knowler, William C., primary, Hoskin, Mary, additional, Curtis, Jeffrey M., additional, Nelson, Robert G., additional, and Hanson, Robert L., additional

Published
2010
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113. A missense variant Arg611Cys in LIPE which encodes hormone sensitive lipase decreases lipolysis and increases risk of type 2 diabetes in American Indians.

Author

Muller, Yunhua L., Sutherland, Jeff, Nair, Anup K., Koroglu, Cigdem, Kobes, Sayuko, Knowler, William C., Van Hout, Cristopher V., Shuldiner, Alan R., Hanson, Robert L., Bogardus, Clifton, and Baier, Leslie J.

Subjects
LIPOLYSIS, TYPE 2 diabetes, MISSENSE mutation, LIPASES, GLUCOSE tolerance tests, HORMONES
Abstract

Aims: Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), encoded by the LIPE gene, is involved in lipolysis. Based on prior animal and human studies, LIPE was analysed as a candidate gene for the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a community‐based sample of American Indians. Materials and methods: Whole‐exome sequence data from 6782 participants with longitudinal clinical measures were used to identify variation in LIPE. Results: Amongst the 16 missense variants identified, an Arg611Cys variant (rs34052647; Cys‐allele frequency = 0.087) significantly associated with T2D (OR [95% CI] = 1.38 [1.17–1.64], p = 0.0002, adjusted for age, sex, birth year, and the first five genetic principal components) and an earlier onset age of T2D (HR = 1.22 [1.09–1.36], p = 0.0005). This variant was further analysed for quantitative traits related to T2D. Amongst non‐diabetic American Indians, those with the T2D risk Cys‐allele had increased insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test (0.07 SD per Cys‐allele, p = 0.04) and a mixed meal test (0.08 log10µU/ml per Cys‐allele, p = 0.003), and had increased lipid oxidation rates post‐absorptively and during insulin infusion (0.07 mg [kg estimated metabolic body size {EMBS}]−1 min−1 per Cys‐allele for both, p = 0.01 and 0.009, respectively), compared to individuals with the non‐risk Arg‐allele. In vitro functional studies showed that cells expressing the Cys‐allele had a 17.2% decrease in lipolysis under isoproterenol stimulation (p = 0.03) and a 21.3% decrease in lipase enzyme activity measured by using p‐nitrophenyl butyrate as a substrate (p = 0.04) compared to the Arg‐allele. Conclusion: The Arg611Cys variant causes a modest impairment in lipolysis, thereby affecting glucose homoeostasis and risk of T2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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114. Relationship Between Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity and Its Role in Development of Type 2 Diabetes: Beyond the Disposition Index.

Author

Vazquez Arreola, Elsa, Hanson, Robert L., Bogardus, Clifton, and Knowler, William C.

Subjects
*TYPE 2 diabetes, *INSULIN sensitivity, *SECRETION, *INSULIN, *ORAL examinations (Education)
Abstract

We assessed whether the relationship between insulin secretion and sensitivity predicted development of type 2 diabetes in American Indians participating in a longitudinal epidemiologic study. At baseline, when all participants did not have diabetes, 1,566 underwent oral tests and 420 had intravenous measures of glucose regulation, with estimates of insulin secretion and sensitivity. Standardized major axis regression was used to study the relationship between secretion and sensitivity. Distances away from and along the regression line estimated compensatory insulin secretion and secretory demand, respectively. This relationship differed according to glucose tolerance and BMI category. The distance away from the line is similar to the disposition index (DI), defined as the product of estimated secretion and sensitivity, but the regression line may differ from a line with constant DI (i.e., it is not necessarily hyperbolic). Participants with the same DI but different levels of insulin secretion and sensitivity had different incidence rates of diabetes; lower sensitivity with higher secretory demand was associated with greater diabetes risk. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, analyzed together, predict diabetes better than DI alone. Physiologically, this may reflect long-term risk associated with increased allostatic load resulting from the stimulation of insulin hypersecretion by increased glycemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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115. Ethnic-difference markers for use in mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium

Author

Collins-Schramm, Heather E., Phillips, Carolyn M., Operario, Darwin J., Lee, Jane S., Weber, James L., Hanson, Robert L., Knowler, William C., Cooper, Richard, Li, Hongzhe, and Seldin, Michael F.

Subjects
Genetic markers -- Research, Linkage (Genetics) -- Research, Genetic disorders -- Research, Ethnicity -- Genetic aspects, Human population genetics -- Research, Biological sciences
Published
2002

118. The case for law-related education

Author

Hanson, Robert L.

Subjects
Law -- Study and teaching, Attorneys -- Services, Teachers -- Training, Justice, Administration of -- Study and teaching, Education
Abstract

Law-related education is a program where teachers are trained to teach the basics of law and the legal system to students at all levels of education. Volunteer lawyers are also taught to make presentations to students in the classroom.

Published
2001

120. Exome Sequencing Identifies A Nonsense Variant in DAO Associated With Reduced Energy Expenditure in American Indians

Author

Piaggi, Paolo, primary, Köroğlu, Çiğdem, additional, Nair, Anup K, additional, Sutherland, Jeff, additional, Muller, Yunhua L, additional, Kumar, Pankaj, additional, Hsueh, Wen-Chi, additional, Kobes, Sayuko, additional, Shuldiner, Alan R, additional, Kim, Hye In, additional, Gosalia, Nehal, additional, Van Hout, Cristopher V, additional, Jones, Marcus, additional, Knowler, William C, additional, Krakoff, Jonathan, additional, Hanson, Robert L, additional, Bogardus, Clifton, additional, and Baier, Leslie J, additional

Published
2020
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126. 1977-P: Whole-Exome Sequencing Followed by Functional Analysis to Identify Variants That May Influence Body Mass Index (BMI) via a Role in Adipogenesis

Author

MULLER, YUNHUA L., primary, DAY, SAMANTHA E., additional, KOROGLU, CIGDEM, additional, KOBES, SAYUKO, additional, HANSON, ROBERT L., additional, KNOWLER, WILLIAM C., additional, KIM, HYE IN, additional, HOUT, CRISTOPHER VAN, additional, GOSALIA, NEHAL, additional, SHULDINER, ALAN R., additional, BOGARDUS, CLIFTON, additional, and BAIER, LESLIE, additional

Published
2020
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128. Evaluation of A2BP1 as an Obesity Gene

Author

Ma, Lijun, Hanson, Robert L., Traurig, Michael T., Muller, Yunhua L., Kaur, Bakhshish P., Perez, Jessica M., Meyre, David, Fu, Mao, Körner, Antje, Franks, Paul W., Kiess, Wieland, Kobes, Sayuko, Knowler, William C., Kovacs, Peter, Froguel, Philippe, Shuldiner, Alan R., Bogardus, Clifton, and Baier, Leslie J.

Published
2010
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136. Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping of the Replicated Type 2 Diabetes Linkage Signal on Chromosome 1q

Author

Prokopenko, Inga, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Hanson, Robert L., Mitchell, Braxton D., Rayner, N. William, Akan, Pelin, Baier, Leslie, Das, Swapan K., Elliott, Katherine S., Fu, Mao, Frayling, Timothy M., Groves, Christopher J., Gwilliam, Rhian, Scott, Laura J., Voight, Benjamin F., Hattersley, Andrew T., Hu, Cheng, Morris, Andrew D., Ng, Maggie, Palmer, Colin N.A., Tello-Ruiz, Marcela, Vaxillaire, Martine, Wang, Cong-rong, Stein, Lincoln, Chan, Juliana, Jia, Weiping, Froguel, Philippe, Elbein, Steven C., Deloukas, Panos, Bogardus, Clifton, Shuldiner, Alan R., and McCarthy, Mark I.

Published
2009

140. An autosomal genomic scan for loci linked to type II diabetes mellitus and body-mass index in Pima Indians

Author

Hanson, Robert L., Ehm, Margaret G., Pettitt, David J., Prochazka, Michal, Thompson, D. Bruce, Timberlake, David, Foroud, Tatiana, Kobes, Sayuko, Baier, Leslie, Burns, Daniel K., Almasy, Laura, Blangero, John, Garvey, W. Timothy, Bennett, Peter H., and Knowler, William C.

Subjects
Native Americans -- Health aspects, Diabetes -- Research, Body size -- Health aspects, Genetic disorders -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Various research methods have been used to identify genetic loci for type II diabetes mellitus occurring in Pima Native Americans. These included variance-components methodology, and multipoint, bivariate linkage and sib-pair analyses, and were adjusted for age and body-mass index. Results indicate potential loci on chromosomes 1q and 7q for diabetes susceptibility.

Published
1998

145. Common variation in SIM1 is reproducibly associated with BMI in Pima Indians

Author

Traurig, Michael, Mack, Janel, Hanson, Robert L., Ghoussaini, Maya, Meyre, David, Knowler, William C., Kobes, Sayuko, Froguel, Philippe, Bogardus, Clifton, and Baier, Leslie J.

Subjects
Obesity -- Risk factors -- Genetic aspects -- Demographic aspects -- Research, Pimas -- Health aspects -- Research, Genetic variation -- Research -- Health aspects -- Genetic aspects, Health, Genetic aspects, Research, Risk factors, Demographic aspects, Health aspects
Abstract

OBJECTIVE--Haploinsufficiency of SIM1 is a cause of rare monogenic obesity. To assess the role of SIM1 in polygenic obesity, this gene was analyzed in the Pima Indian population, which has a high prevalence of obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--SIM1 was sequenced in 96 individuals. Variants (n = 46) were genotyped in a population-based sample of 3,250 full-heritage Pima Indians and in a separate replication sample of 2,944 predominately non-full-heritage subjects from the same community. RESULTS--Variants spanning the upstream region of SIM1 through intron 8 were associated with BMI in the full-heritage Pima Indians, where the strongest associations (P ~ [10.sup.-4] to [10.sup.-6]) were with common variants (risk allele frequency 0.61-0.67). The difference in mean BMI between individuals homozygous for the major allele compared with homozygotes for the minor allele was ~2.2 kg/[m.sup.2] (P = 2 x [10.sup.-5] for rs3213541). These associations replicated in the separate sample of subjects from the same community (P = 5 x [10.sup.-3] for rs3213541). The strongest associations (P = 4 x [10.sup.-7], controlled for age, sex, birth year, and heritage) were seen in the combined sample (n = 6,194). The risk allele for obesity was more common in full-heritage Pimas than in the mixed-heritage subjects. Two variants (rs3734353 and rs3213541) were also genotyped in 1,275 severely obese and 1,395 lean control subjects of French European ancestry. The Pima risk alleles were the minor alleles in the European samples, and these variants did not display any significant association (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS--Common variation in SIM1 is associated with BMI on a population level in Pima Indians where the risk allele is the major allele., Obesity is a major cause of health disparities among minority populations. The few major reports of genes contributing to polygenic obesity have predominately focused on populations of European descent. The [...]

Published
2009

147. Genome-Wide Scan for Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Multi-Ethnic Diabetic Populations: The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND)

Author

Schelling, Jeffrey R., Abboud, Hanna E., Nicholas, Susanne B., Pahl, Madeleine V., Sedor, John R., Adler, Sharon G., Arar, Nedal H., Bowden, Donald W., Elston, Robert C., Freedman, Barry I., Goddard, Katrina A.B., Guo, Xiuqing, Hanson, Robert L., Ipp, Eli, Iyengar, Sudha K., Jun, Gyungah, Kao, W. H. Linda, Kasinath, Balakuntalam S., Kimmel, Paul L., Klag, Michael J., Knowler, William C., Nelson, Robert G., Parekh, Rulan S., Quade, Shannon R., Rich, Stephen S., Saad, Mohammed F., Scavini, Marina, Smith, Michael W., Taylor, Kent, Winkler, Cheryl A., Zager, Philip G., and Shah, Vallabh O.

Published
2008

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