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103. Antiviral Effects of Menthol on Coxsackievirus B

Author

Taylor, David J.R., primary, Hamid, Syed M., additional, Andres, Allen M., additional, Saadaeijahromi, Hannaneh, additional, Piplani, Honit, additional, Germano, Juliana F., additional, Song, Yang, additional, Sawaged, Savannah, additional, Feuer, Ralph, additional, Pandol, Stephen J., additional, and Sin, Jon, additional

Published
2020
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108. Employment Rank and the Choice of Health Insurance Benefit Scheme among Bangladeshi Civil Servants.

Author

Hamid, Syed Abdul, Begum, Afroza, Ahsan, Syed M, Howlader, Sushil Ranjan, Uddin, Azhar, Rahman, Taslima, and Rahman, Md. Hafizur

Subjects
CIVIL service, FISCAL capacity, EMPLOYMENT, HEALTH insurance, FINANCIAL planning
Abstract

This study surveys 622 Bangladeshi civil servants of all administrative jurisdictions and elicits their preference for health insurance schemes. The latter vary in the amount of sum assured as well as in terms of premium sharing rules with the government. The paper also explores the financial burden that the premium subsidy may impose on the exchequer and the state's fiscal capacity to shoulder it. We discover a very high willingness to join the scheme. Though all three premium-sharing options posit flat rates common for all employment ranks, respondents appear to prefer premiums proportional to their basic salary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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109. The Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of COVID-19: A Survey Among Medical Students in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia Public Medical Schools.

Author

Aidid, Edre Mohammad, Alsagoff, Sharifah Aishah Syed Ahmad, Anuar, Muhamad Azamin, Bakar, Asrar Abu, Taib, Fahisham, Yusof, Muhammad Zubir, Hamid, Syed Abdul Khaliq Syed, and Abas, Mohd Ihsanuddin

Subjects
MEDICAL students, MEDICAL schools, ATTITUDES toward illness, COVID-19, PUBLIC schools
Abstract

COVID-19 has affected university medical students, resulting in the new norm of learning and practice. Understanding these students' knowledge, attitude and their practice would be essential as they would serve as the future doctor in Malaysia. The study attempted to evaluate medical students' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the east coast states of Peninsular Malaysia. An online and multi centre cross-sectional study was undertaken among all the three public medical schools in the east coast region of Peninsular Malaysia, between 8th July to 21st July 2020. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic data and the three domains which included COVID-19 KAP. Students were invited to participate via social media platform such as WhatsApp and students' email. A total of 1,008 medical students voluntarily participated in the study with female to male ratio of 2.6:1. A total of 356 (35.3%) of the medical students had satisfactory knowledge score, with 75% of them were female. The majority of the students had positive attitude towards COVID-19 and practiced meticulous social distancing during the pandemic. We noted that seniority influenced knowledge score, and this was evident as 264 (26.2%) of the students were in their clinical year. Overall, the knowledge scores regarding COVID-19 among the medical students in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia was reasonable and there were opportunities to augment these standards. Meticulous plans are needed to enhance knowledge and preparedness of the current crops of medical students to be competent future frontliner for Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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110. Evidence regarding patient compliance with incentive spirometry interventions after cardiac, thoracic and abdominal surgeries: A systematic literature review

Author

Narayanan, Aqilah Leela T, Hamid, Syed Rasul G Syed, and Supriyanto, Eko

Subjects
Thoracic surgery, Spirometry, Abdomen, Incentive, Respiratory therapy, Review, Heart surgery
Abstract

Reducing postoperative pulmonary complications by improving postoperative lung expansion and ventilation is a primary goal after major thoracic surgeries, and can directly impact morbidity and downstream health care costs. Although deep breathing exercises, with or without devices, have demonstrated efficacy, the evidence regarding the utility of incentive spirometry has been inconclusive. Accordingly, this comprehensive literature search and review examined selected randomized controlled trials investigating several aspects of incentive spirometry interventions., BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of incentive spirometry (ISy) on postoperative pulmonary outcomes after thoracic, cardiac and abdominal surgery remains inconclusive. This is attributed to various methodological issues inherent in ISy trials. Patient compliance has also been highlighted as a possible confounding factor; however, the status of evidence regarding patient compliance in these trials is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To explore the status of evidence on patient compliance with ISy interventions in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the above contexts. METHOD: A systematic search using MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was conducted to obtain relevant RCTs from 1972 to 2015 using the inclusion criteria. These were examined for specific ISy parameters, methods used for determining compliance and reporting on compliance. Main outcome measures were comparison of ISy parameters prescribed and assessed, and reporting on compliance. RESULTS: Thirty-six relevant RCTs were obtained. Six ISy parameters were identified in ISy prescriptions from these trials. Almost all (97.2%) of the trials had ISy prescriptions with specific parameters. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that the ISy parameters assessed were significantly lower (Z=−5.433; P

Published
2016

119. The Persian Gulf's petrochemical industry is proliferating

Author

Aitani, Abdullah M. and Hamid, Syed Halim

Subjects
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf -- Economic policy, Petroleum chemicals industry -- Economic aspects, Petroleum chemicals -- Economic aspects
Abstract

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ranks ninth among the world's basic petrochemicals producers. Producers in the region are increasing their capacities for propylene, aromatics, and butadiene-based petrochemicals. In 1995, GCC [...]

Published
1997

120. Gulf countries continue to increase refinery capacity, complexity

Author

Aitani, Abdullah M. and Hamid, Syed Halim

Subjects
Petroleum industry -- Statistics, Petroleum -- Statistics
Abstract

By the end of 1996, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries held 466 billion bbl of crude oil reserves and 22,545 billion cu m of natural gas, representing, respectively, about [...]

Published
1997

121. Perbandingan penguasaan sintaksis Bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar di daerah Hulu Langat, Malaysia

Author

Syed Abd Hamid, Syed Mohd Annas and Syed Abd Hamid, Syed Mohd Annas

Abstract

Kajian berbentuk penguasaan sintaksis adalah kritikal terutama melibatkan penguasaan sintaksis terutamanya Bahasa Arab. Berdasarkan kepada pernyataan masalah yang dihadapi oleh pelajar-pelajar, mereka menghadapi beberapa topik sintaksis Arab yang sukar difahami. Oleh yang demikian, data-data terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan kaedah peratusan. Didapati dari kajian rintis pelajar-pelajar menghadapi masalah yang kritikal terhadap topik-topik sintaksis Arab. Oleh sebab itu, perbandingan kedua-dua sekolah ini membawa kepada skala yang lebih besar terhadap kajian siktaksis Arab yang lebih bermakna dalam bidang kajian bahasa Arab Oleh itu, tujuan utama kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti (1) tahap penguasaan sintaksisbahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar daerah Hulu Langat, (2) untuk membandingkan tahap penguasaan sintaksis bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar di Sekolah Agama Menengah Hulu Langat dan Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama Maahad Hamidiah, (3) mengenal pasti tajuk-tajuk sintaksis yang sukar untuk dikuasai pelajar. Kajian ini dijalankan terhadap 130 orang pelajar tingkatan 5, Sekolah Agama Menengah (SAM) Hulu Langat dan Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama (SMKA) Maahad Hamidiah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian tinjauan dan data-data terkumpul melalui soalan bertulis.. Frekuansi dan peratusan digunakan bagi mengukur pencapaian soalan bertulis pelajar. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa kemahiran menulis responden dalam sintaksis bahasa Arab adalah lemah. Perbandingan tahap penguasaan menulis antara SAM Hulu Langat dan SMKA Maahad Hamidiah pula menunjukkan pelajar dari SMKA Maahad Hamidiah lebih menguasai kemahiran menulis tajuk sintaksis berbanding pelajar dari SAM Hulu Langat. Di samping itu, tajuk-tajuk yang sukar untuk dikuasai oleh pelajar dalam ujian bertulis ialah adalah Al-Fā’il, Al-Mubtada’ Wal Khobar, Al-Maf’ūl Bihi, An-Na’tu, Al- Af’āl Al-Khomsah dan Al-Asmā’ Al-Khomsah.

Published
2018

122. Validation of improved laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) based on the fully developed turbulent round jet

Author

Md Ghazaly, Mariam, Zaki Shukor, Ahmad, Chin Kim, Gan, Ranom, Rahifa, Rasin, Zulhani, Azri, Maaspaliza, Anas Yusof, Ahmad, Ahmad Radzi, Syafeeza, Nordin, Nurdiana, Bazli Bahar, Mohd, Mohamad Shazali Syed Abdul Hamid, Syed, Arif Mohd Azman, Mohd, Yaacob, Mohd Rusdy Bin, Schlander, Rasmus Korslund, Buchhave, Preben, Velte, Clara Marika, Md Ghazaly, Mariam, Zaki Shukor, Ahmad, Chin Kim, Gan, Ranom, Rahifa, Rasin, Zulhani, Azri, Maaspaliza, Anas Yusof, Ahmad, Ahmad Radzi, Syafeeza, Nordin, Nurdiana, Bazli Bahar, Mohd, Mohamad Shazali Syed Abdul Hamid, Syed, Arif Mohd Azman, Mohd, Yaacob, Mohd Rusdy Bin, Schlander, Rasmus Korslund, Buchhave, Preben, and Velte, Clara Marika

Abstract

Accurate turbulence measurements are practically challenging even with common measurement techniques. The existing commercial LDA processors come with practical limitations affecting the measurement accuracy. A novel LDA has therefore been developed with utilization of recent technologies and state-of-the-art hardware and software, which enhance the capability of turbulence flow measurements. The software embedded offers an unlimited functionality for signal processing and data interpretation. Measurements were performed in the fully developed (equilibrium) region of a round jet at which the spatial turbulent kinetic energy spectra were found to perfectly match the expected Kolmogorov’s -5/3 power law in the equilibrium region.

Published
2018

123. Plentiful natural gas headed for big growth in Mideast

Author

Hamid, Syed Halim and Aitani, Abdullah M.

Subjects
Middle East -- Natural resources, Gas industry -- Forecasts and trends, Business, Petroleum, energy and mining industries
Abstract

Exploitation of natural gas resources of most Middle Eastern countries will grow in the future. Increasing demand for the fuel in processes such as power generation, petrochemical production and synthetic fuel synthesis will help drive this growth. Current natural gas reserves in the Middle East are 45 trillion cubic meters, and annual gas production has reached 204 billion cubic meters., Natural gas is increasingly becoming a major contributor in the industrial development of most Middle Eastern countries. Demand there will rise steeply in coming years. This is because of the [...]

Published
1995

125. Effects of Clopidogrel Therapy on Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Vascular Function, and Progenitor Cells in Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Author

Jose N. Binongo, Ziyad M.B. Ghazzal, Hamid Syed, Arshed A. Quyyumi, F. Khan Pohlel, Ronnie Ramadan, and Saurabh S. Dhawan

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Ticlopidine, Coronary Artery Disease, Article, Vascular Stiffness, Vascular stiffness, Double-Blind Method, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Aged, Inflammation, Pharmacology, Gynecology, Cross-Over Studies, business.industry, Extramural, Stem Cells, Middle Aged, Elasticity, Capillaries, Clopidogrel, Surgery, Oxidative Stress, Blood Vessels, Platelet aggregation inhibitor, Female, Endothelium, Vascular, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Vascular function, Biomarkers, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
Abstract

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Published
2014

126. EFFECTS OF CANNABIS SATIVA EXTRACT AND ITS COMBINATION WITH VITAMIN-C ADMINISTRATION ON HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE TESTICULAR TISSUE OF MALE MICE.

Author

Khan, Zahid Sarfaraz, Saeed, Muhammad, and Hamid, Syed Muhammad

Subjects
CANNABIS (Genus), BASAL lamina, WEIGHT loss, SEMINIFEROUS tubules, GERM cells
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To observe morphological changes in testicular tissue of adult male BALB/c mice after administration of Cannabis sativa extract and to investigate the protective role of vitamin-C against cannabis-induced histopathological changes. METHODS: Eighteen BALB/c mice (31-40 g) were divided into 3 groups. Group- I was control group, Group-II received oral cannabis extract (14 mg/kg) and Group-III received cannabis extract (14 mg/kg) orally along with vitamin-C (100 mg/kg) for 45 days. At the end of experiment, variations in body weight, testicular weight and histological changes in testicular tissues of mice were observed. RESULTS: Average increase in weight was 7.000±0.77 gm, 4.833±0.87 gm & 5.833±0.79 gm in group-I, group-II and group-III respectively. Weight reduction in right and left testis was 42.30±0.465mg and 42.45±0.424mg in group-I, 38.85±0.523 mg and 39.35±0.520 mg in group-II, and 42.38±0.465 mg and 42.23±0.424 mg in group-III animals respectively (p<0.01). Mean seminiferours epithelium thickness was 4.367±0.302 µm in group-II, 5.683±0.104 µm and 6.417±0.116 µm in Group-I and group-III respectively (p<0.001). Average germ cells count (cells/tubule) in group-II was reduced (256.25±6.58) as compared to group-I (373.50±4.063) and group-III (366.25±3.442). Histological changes observed after the treatment were decreased height of germinal epithelium, basal lamina disruption, seminiferous tubules shrinkage, scanty cytoplasm with shrunken nuclei and germinal epithelium detachment from basal lamina in group-II animals as compared to group-I and group-III. CONCLUSION: The cannabis administration significantly declines the weight, size of testes, germ cells count and the height of seminiferours epithelium in animals. Vitamin-C had a protective role on cannabis induced toxic changes in the testes of the mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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130. HGG-20. DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS OF HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA IN PATIENTS WITH MISMATCH REPAIR DEFICIENCIES

Author

Dodgshun, Andrew, primary, Fukuoka, Kohei, additional, Campbell, Brittany, additional, Edwards, Melissa, additional, Sexton-Oates, Alexandra, additional, Larouche, Valérie, additional, Magimairajan, Vanan, additional, Lindhorst, Scott, additional, Oren, Michal, additional, Mason, Gary, additional, Crooks, Bruce, additional, Constantini, Shlomi, additional, Massimino, Maura, additional, Chiaravalli, Stefano, additional, Ramdas, Jagadeesh, additional, Mason, Warren, additional, Shamvil, Ashraf, additional, Farah, Roula, additional, van Damme, An, additional, Opocher, Enrico, additional, Hamid, Syed Ahmer, additional, Ziegler, David, additional, Samuel, David, additional, Cole, Kristina A, additional, Tomboc, Patrick, additional, Stearns, Duncan, additional, Thomas, Gregory, additional, Lossos, Alexander, additional, Saffery, Richard, additional, Sullivan, Michael, additional, Hansford, Jordan R, additional, Jones, David, additional, and Tabori, Uri, additional

Published
2018
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134. Master regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression are subject to regulation

Author

Hamid, Syed Muhammad, Akgül, Bünyamin, TR37475, Hamid, Syed Muhammad, Akgül, Bünyamin, and Izmir Institute of Technology. Molecular Biology and Genetics

Subjects
Gene expression regulation, Cytoplasm, MicroRNAs, RNA, Biological transport
Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs of 17-25 nt in length that control gene expression posttranscriptionally. As master regulators of posttranscriptional gene expression, miRNAs themselves are subject to tight regulation at multiple steps. The most common mechanisms include miRNA transcription, processing, and localization. Additionally, intricate feedback loops between miRNAs and transcription factors result in unidirectional, reciprocal, or self-directed elegant control mechanisms. In this chapter, we focus on the posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms that generate miRNAs whose sequence might be slightly different from the miRNA-coding sequences. Hopefully, this information will be helpful in the discovery of novel miRNAs as well as in the analysis of deep-sequencing data and ab initio prediction of miRNAs. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014., the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (104T144, 107T475, and 210T006 to BA)

Published
2014

135. Chinese and Indian women's experience with alternative medications for menopause related symptoms: A qualitative analysis

Author

Myint Myint Soe, Saw Ohn Mar, Syed Hamid Syed Rahim, and Fatehpal Singh Malhi

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, Rationalization (psychology), Alternative medicine, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Focus group, During menopause, Menopause, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Qualitative analysis, Complementary and alternative medicine, Family medicine, General wellbeing, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Qualitative research
Abstract

To explore women’s rationalization for using alternative medications, their experience and view on safety of long-term use. Two focus group discussions, involving 5 participants each for Chinese and Indian groups, were conducted separately. Participant’s personal information was collected anonymously. The discussion covered 5 areas: determinants for taking medications; reason for choosing alternative medications rather than hormone replacement therapy (HRT); how these medications help them; their view on cost-effectiveness and concerns over long-term use. The discussions were audio-taped, transcribed and analyzed. Chinese participants took supplements for controlling symptoms while Indian participants used herbs as a preventive measure during menopause according to their tradition. Women of both groups mentioned that they did not take HRT because of fear of side effects. Chinese group mentioned that medications remarkably improved their symptoms whereas Indian participants appreciated their herbals more for improvement in general wellbeing than for specific symptoms. All members agreed that using alternative medication was cost-effective. Both Chinese and Indian participants were quite confident in saying that long-term use will not be associated with any side effects. However, Indian group emphasized that proper preparation of herbal compound using different types of leaves, is essential in order to avoid untoward effects. Chinese and Indian women used alternative medicine in prevention and treatment of menopause-related problems even as they were avoiding HRT because of the fear of side effects. They believed that their supplements were effective, safe and cost-beneficial even with long-term use.

Published
2016

136. Ubiquitously Expressed Hematological and Neurological Expressed 1 Downregulates Akt-Mediated GSK3β Signaling, and Its Knockdown Results in Deregulated G2/M Transition in Prostate Cells

Author

Bilge Debelec-Butuner, Burcu Erbaykent-Tepedelen, Kemal Sami Korkmaz, Fahri Saatcioglu, Nuray Bogurcu, Hamid Syed Muhammed, Lokman Varisli, and Ceren Gonen-Korkmaz

Subjects
Male, Morpholines, Molecular Sequence Data, Down-Regulation, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Wortmannin, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell Movement, Epidermal growth factor, Cell Line, Tumor, LNCaP, Genetics, Humans, Cyclin D1, Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Cyclin B1, Phosphorylation, Molecular Biology, Protein kinase B, beta Catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, Cell Nucleus, Flavonoids, Gene knockdown, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta, Epidermal Growth Factor, Cell Cycle, Prostate, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Cell cycle, Molecular biology, Neoplasm Proteins, Up-Regulation, Cell biology, Tetraploidy, chemistry, Chromones, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Signal Transduction
Abstract

As the molecular mechanism of β-catenin deregulation is not well understood, and stabilized β-catenin is known to translocate into the nucleus and activate genes for proliferation, a novel regulatory factor, hematological and neurological expressed 1 (HN1), for Akt-GSK3β-β-catenin axis is reported here. In our studies, HN1 gene structure was characterized. HN1 expression was found to be epidermal growth factor-responsive in PC-3 cells, and protein expression was also upregulated in PC-3 and LNCaP but not in DU145 cells. Additionally, HN1 was found to be downregulated by the specific AKT inhibitor wortmannin but not with PI3K or MAPK inhibitors, LY294002 and PD98059, respectively, in PC-3 and MCF-7 cells. Further, siRNA-mediated knockdown of HN1 resulted in considerable increase in Akt((S473)) and GSK3β((S9),(Y216)) phosphorylations; moreover, subsequent accumulation of β-catenin, increase in c-myc expression, and nuclear accumulation of cyclin D1 were observed in PC-3 cells. Knockdown of HN1 also resulted in prolongation of G(1) phase in cell cycle, increasing tetraploidy, presumably because of cells escaping from abnormal mitosis in PC-3 cells. Consistently, overexpression of HN1 reversed the cell-cycle-specific observations, resulted in accumulation of cells in G(2)/M, and reduced the proliferation rate, which were investigated using flow cytometry and methylthiazol tetrazolium assays. As activating mutations of β-catenin have been demonstrated in late-stage tumors, and β-catenin stabilization was correlated with poor prognosis in previous reports, epidermal growth factor-upregulated HN1 expression might have a role in deregulating the AKT-GSK3β((S9))-mediated signaling as a novel compensating mechanism.

Published
2011

141. Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level

Author

Fabian, Ido Didi, Abdallah, Elhassan, Abdullahi, Shehu U., Abdulqader, Rula A., Adamou Boubacar, Sahadatou, Ademola-Popoola, Dupe S., Adio, Adedayo, Afshar, Armin R., Aggarwal, Priyanka, Aghaji, Ada E., Ahmad, Alia, Akib, Marliyanti N. R., Al Harby, Lamis, Al Ani, Mouroge H., Alakbarova, Aygun, Portabella, Silvia Alarcón, Al-Badri, Safaa A. F., Alcasabas, Ana Patricia A., Al-Dahmash, Saad A., Alejos, Amanda, Alemany-Rubio, Ernesto, Alfa Bio, Amadou I., Alfonso Carreras, Yvania, Al-Haddad, Christiane, Al-Hussaini, Hamoud H. Y., Ali, Amany M., Alia, Donjeta B., Al-Jadiry, Mazin F., Al-Jumaly, Usama, Alkatan, Hind M., All-Eriksson, Charlotta, Al-Mafrachi, Ali A. R. M., Almeida, Argentino A., Alsawidi, Khalifa M., Al-Shaheen, Athar A. S. M., Al-Shammary, Entissar H., Amiruddin, Primawita O., Antonino, Romanzo, Astbury, Nicholas J., Atalay, Hatice T., Atchaneeyasakul, La-ongsri, Atsiaya, Rose, Attaseth, Taweevat, Aung, Than H., Ayala, Silvia, Baizakova, Baglan, Balaguer, Julia, Balayeva, Ruhengiz, Balwierz, Walentyna, Barranco, Honorio, Bascaran, Covadonga, Beck Popovic, Maja, Benavides, Raquel, Benmiloud, Sarra, Bennani Guebessi, Nissrine, Berete, Rokia C., Berry, Jesse L., Bhaduri, Anirban, Bhat, Sunil, Biddulph, Shelley J., Biewald, Eva M., Bobrova, Nadia, Boehme, Marianna, Boldt, H.C., Bonanomi, Maria Teresa B. C., Bornfeld, Norbert, Bouda, Gabrielle C., Bouguila, Hédi, Boumedane, Amaria, Brennan, Rachel C., Brichard, Bénédicte G., Buaboonnam, Jassada, Calderón-Sotelo, Patricia, Calle Jara, Doris A., Camuglia, Jayne E., Cano, Miriam R., Capra, Michael, Cassoux, Nathalie, Castela, Guilherme, Castillo, Luis, Català-Mora, Jaume, Chantada, Guillermo L., Chaudhry, Shabana, Chaugule, Sonal S., Chauhan, Argudit, Chawla, Bhavna, Chernodrinska, Violeta S., Chiwanga, Faraja S., Chuluunbat, Tsengelmaa, Cieslik, Krzysztof, Cockcroft, Ruellyn L., Comsa, Codruta, Correa, Zelia M., Correa Llano, Maria G., Corson, Timothy W., Cowan-Lyn, Kristin E., Csóka, Monika, Cui, Xuehao, Da Gama, Isac V., Dangboon, Wantanee, Das, Anirban, Das, Sima, Davanzo, Jacquelyn M., Davidson, Alan, De Potter, Patrick, Delgado, Karina Q., Demirci, Hakan, Desjardins, Laurence, Diaz Coronado, Rosdali Y., Dimaras, Helen, Dodgshun, Andrew J., Donaldson, Craig, Donato Macedo, Carla R., Dragomir, Monica D., Du, Yi, Du Bruyn, Magritha, Edison, Kemala S., Eka Sutyawan, I. Wayan, El Kettani, Asmaa, Elbahi, Amal M., Elder, James E., Elgalaly, Dina, Elhaddad, Alaa M., Elhassan, Moawia M. Ali, Elzembely, Mahmoud M., Essuman, Vera A., Evina, Ted Grimbert A., Fadoo, Zehra, Fandiño, Adriana C., Faranoush, Mohammad, Fasina, Oluyemi, Fernández, Delia D. P. G., Fernández-Teijeiro, Ana, Foster, Allen, Frenkel, Shahar, Fu, Ligia D., Fuentes-Alabi, Soad L., Gallie, Brenda L., Gandiwa, Moira, Garcia, Juan L., García Aldana, David, Gassant, Pascale Y., Geel, Jennifer A., Ghassemi, Fariba, Girón, Ana V., Gizachew, Zelalem, Goenz, Marco A., Gold, Aaron S., Goldberg-Lavid, Maya, Gole, Glen A., Gomel, Nir, Gonzalez, Efren, Gonzalez Perez, Graciela, González-Rodríguez, Liudmira, Garcia Pacheco, Henry N., Graells, Jaime, Green, Liz, Gregersen, Pernille A., Grigorovski, Nathalia D. A. K., Guedenon, Koffi M., Gunasekera, D. Sanjeeva, Gündüz, Ahmet K., Gupta, Himika, Gupta, Sanjiv, Hadjistilianou, Theodora, Hamel, Patrick, Hamid, Syed A., Hamzah, Norhafizah, Hansen, Eric D., Harbour, J. William, Hartnett, M. Elizabeth, Hasanreisoglu, Murat, Hassan, Sadiq, Hassan, Shadab, Hederova, Stanislava, Hernandez, Jose, Hernandez, Lorelay Marie Carcamo, Hessissen, Laila, Hordofa, Diriba F., Huang, Laura C., Hubbard, G. B., Hummlen, Marlies, Husakova, Kristina, Hussein Al-Janabi, Allawi N., Ida, Russo, Ilic, Vesna R., Jairaj, Vivekaraj, Jeeva, Irfan, Jenkinson, Helen, Ji, Xunda, Jo, Dong Hyun, Johnson, Kenneth P., Johnson, William J., Jones, Michael M., Kabesha, Theophile B. Amani, Kabore, Rolande L., Kaliki, Swathi, Kalinaki, Abubakar, Kantar, Mehmet, Kao, Ling-Yuh, Kardava, Tamar, Kebudi, Rejin, Kepak, Tomas, Keren-Froim, Naama, Khan, Zohora J., Khaqan, Hussain A., Khauv, Phara, Kheir, Wajiha J., Khetan, Vikas, Khodabande, Alireza, Khotenashvili, Zaza, Kim, Jonathan W., Kim, Jeong Hun, Kiratli, Hayyam, Kivelä, Tero T., Klett, Artur, Komba Palet, Jess Elio Kosh, Krivaitiene, Dalia, Kruger, Mariana, Kulvichit, Kittisak, Kuntorini, Mayasari W., Kyara, Alice, Lachmann, Eva S., Lam, Carol P. S., Lam, Geoffrey C., Larson, Scott A., Latinovic, Slobodanka, Laurenti, Kelly D., Le, Bao Han A., Lecuona, Karin, Leverant, Amy A., Li, Cairui, Limbu, Ben, Long, Quah Boon, López, Juan P., Lukamba, Robert M., Lumbroso, Livia, Luna-Fineman, Sandra, Lutfi, Delfitri, Lysytsia, Lesia, Magrath, George N., Mahajan, Amita, Majeed, Abdul Rahim, Maka, Erika, Makan, Mayuri, Makimbetov, Emil K., Manda, Chatonda, Martín Begue, Nieves, Mason, Lauren, Mason, John O., Matende, Ibrahim O., Materin, Miguel, Mattosinho, Clarissa C. D. S., Matua, Marchelo, Mayet, Ismail, Mbumba, Freddy B., McKenzie, John D., Medina-Sanson, Aurora, Mehrvar, Azim, Mengesha, Aemero A., Menon, Vikas, Mercado, Gary John V. D., Mets, Marilyn B., Midena, Edoardo, Mishra, Divyansh K. C., Mndeme, Furahini G., Mohamedani, Ahmed A., Mohammad, Mona T., Moll, Annette C., Montero, Margarita M., Morales, Rosa A., Moreira, Claude, Mruthyunjaya, Prithvi, Msina, Mchikirwa S., Msukwa, Gerald, Mudaliar, Sangeeta S., Muma, Kangwa I., Munier, Francis L., Murgoi, Gabriela, Murray, Timothy G., Musa, Kareem O., Mushtaq, Asma, Mustak, Hamzah, Muyen, Okwen M., Naidu, Gita, Nair, Akshay Gopinathan, Naumenko, Larisa, Ndoye Roth, Paule Aïda, Nency, Yetty M., Neroev, Vladimir, Ngo, Hang, Nieves, Rosa M., Nikitovic, Marina, Nkanga, Elizabeth D., Nkumbe, Henry, Nuruddin, Murtuza, Nyaywa, Mutale, Obono-Obiang, Ghislaine, Oguego, Ngozi C., Olechowski, Andrzej, Oliver, Scott C. N., Osei-Bonsu, Peter, Ossandon, Diego, Paez-Escamilla, Manuel A., Pagarra, Halimah, Painter, Sally L, Paintsil, Vivian, Paiva, Luisa, Pal, Bikramjit P., Palanivelu, Mahesh Shanmugam, Papyan, Ruzanna, Parrozzani, Raffaele, Parulekar, Manoj, Pascual Morales, Claudia R., Paton, Katherine E., Pawinska-Wasikowska, Katarzyna, Pe'er, Jacob, Peña, Armando, Peric, Sanja, Pham, Chau T. M., Philbert, Remezo, Plager, David A., Pochop, Pavel, Polania, Rodrigo A., Polyakov, Vladimir G., Pompe, Manca T., Pons, Jonathan J., Prat, Daphna, Prom, Vireak, Purwanto, Ignatius, Qadir, Ali O., Qayyum, Seema, Qian, Jiang, Rahman, Ardizal, Rahman, Salman, Rahmat, Jamalia, Rajkarnikar, Purnima, Ramanjulu, Rajesh, Ramasubramanian, Aparna, Ramirez-Ortiz, Marco A., Raobela, Léa, Rashid, Riffat, Reddy, M. 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A., Saiju, Rohit, Salas, Beatriz, San Román Pacheco, Sonsoles, Sánchez, Gissela L., Sayalith, Phayvanh, Scanlan, Trish A., Schefler, Amy C., Schoeman, Judy, Sedaghat, Ahad, Seregard, Stefan, Seth, Rachna, Shah, Ankoor S., Shakoor, Shawkat A., Sharma, Manoj K., Sherief, Sadik T., Shetye, Nandan G., Shields, Carol L., Siddiqui, Sorath Noorani, Sidi Cheikh, Sidi, Silva, Sónia, Singh, Arun D., Singh, Niharika, Singh, Usha, Singha, Penny, Sitorus, Rita S., Skalet, Alison H., Soebagjo, Hendrian D., Sorochynska, Tetyana, Ssali, Grace, Stacey, Andrew W., Staffieri, Sandra E., Stahl, Erin D., Stathopoulos, Christina, Stirn Kranjc, Branka, Stones, David K., Strahlendorf, Caron, Suarez, Maria Estela Coleoni, Sultana, Sadia, Sun, Xiantao, Sundy, Meryl, Superstein, Rosanne, Supriyadi, Eddy, Surukrattanaskul, Supawan, Suzuki, Shigenobu, Svojgr, Karel, Sylla, Fatoumata, Tamamyan, Gevorg, Tan, Deborah, Tandili, Alketa, Tarrillo Leiva, Fanny F., Tashvighi, Maryam, Tateshi, Bekim, Tehuteru, Edi S., Teixeira, Luiz F., Teh, Kok Hoi, Theophile, Tuyisabe, Toledano, Helen, Trang, Doan L., Traoré, Fousseyni, Trichaiyaporn, Sumalin, Tuncer, Samuray, Tyau-Tyau, Harba, Umar, Ali B., Unal, Emel, Uner, Ogul E., Urbak, Steen F., Ushakova, Tatiana L., Usmanov, Rustam H., Valeina, Sandra, van Hoefen Wijsard, Milo, Varadisai, Adisai, Vasquez, Liliana, Vaughan, Leon O., Veleva-Krasteva, Nevyana V., Verma, Nishant, Victor, Andi A., Viksnins, Maris, Villacís Chafla, Edwin G., Vishnevskia-Dai, Vicktoria, Vora, Tushar, Wachtel, Antonio E., Wackernagel, Werner, Waddell, Keith, Wade, Patricia D., Wali, Amina H., Wang, Yi-Zhuo, Weiss, Avery, Wilson, Matthew W., Wime, Amelia D. C., Wiwatwongwana, Atchareeya, Wiwatwongwana, Damrong, Wolley Dod, Charlotte, Wongwai, Phanthipha, Xiang, Daoman, Xiao, Yishuang, Yam, Jason C., Yang, Huasheng, Yanga, Jenny M., Yaqub, Muhammad A, Yarovaya, Vera A., Yarovoy, Andrey A., Ye, Huijing, Yousef, Yacoub A., Yuliawati, Putu, Zapata López, Arturo M., Zein, Ekhtelbenina, Zhang, Chengyue, Zhang, Yi, Zhao, Junyang, Zheng, Xiaoyu, Zhilyaeva, Katsiaryna, Zia, Nida, Ziko, Othman A. O., Zondervan, Marcia, and Bowman, Richard

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child’s life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. OBJECTIVES: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. RESULTS: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle–income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle–income countries vs upper-middle–income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs.

Published
2020
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142. To diversify its petrochemicals portfolio, GCC needs liquid feeds

Author

Aitani, Abdullah M. and Hamid, Syed Halim

Subjects
Petroleum chemicals industry -- Planning, Petroleum industry -- Planning, Business, Petroleum, energy and mining industries, Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf -- Planning
Abstract

The utilization of condensates and refinery-derived feedstocks will fill the gap in the GCC's current petrochemical slate. But numerous opportunities exist for further development of the region's petrochemical industry during [...]

Published
1997

143. Value Co-creation as a Strategic Tool of Social Marketing: Analysis of a Social Service Branding Process in Developing Economy.

Author

Hamid, Syed Ali Raza and Khan, Muhammad Kamran Naqi

Subjects
CUSTOMER cocreation, SOCIAL marketing, MARKETING research, SOCIAL services, SOCIAL order
Abstract

Many social services exist to address the prevalent social issues being faced by their stakeholders, yet the processes which social services employ need to be crystallized. If the process of social services becomes specifiable, it may help social services become a social brand. In this regard, social marketing is inherently considered as a strategic tool which ensures the sustainability of business only not for profit based organizations but also for nonprofit organizations. Marketing scholars thus urge to refine the application of social marketing particularly with reference to the process in order for social problems to be addressed cogently. This study posits that the process which social marketing entails should be contextualized as value co-creation. An empirical research was conducted using grounded theory as a research approach to explore the phenomenon of value co-creation. Grounded theory has been employed with a view to provide theoretical underpinning to the concept of social branding. A social service was considered to be a research unit of analysis. Focus group discussions were conducted followed by comparative contrast analysis. The findings reveal that collective participation, mutual interaction, and reciprocal engagement of the stakeholders of social services are the baseline of social marketing. The thematic analysis of focus group discussion resulted in eight key factors to be considered as constituents of the social marketing process. Thus, these factors are considered as part of value co-creation and instrumental for social services' branding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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145. Palliative Care for Disease with Uncertain Disease Trajectory: An Ethical Case Learning.

Author

Taib, Fahisham, Fatima, Eisha, Faruk, Jamil Abdullahi, and Hamid, Syed Abdul Khaliq Syed Abdul

Subjects
PALLIATIVE treatment, MEDICAL personnel, CONJOINED twins, JUVENILE diseases, DISEASES
Abstract

Disease trajectory in children can be difficult to determine. This is primarily, despite the life limiting condition, healthcare professionals are unable to pin the exact time when these children's lives will end. We illustrate an unusual case of dicephalic parapagus, an inseparable conjoined twin which was complicated by anomalies, psychosocial and safeguarding issues. Such case posed a challenge even to paediatric palliative care team as the trajectory of the disease, in this case, is rather difficult to predict. Anticipatory symptoms management perhaps is the best way forward, despite having to face many ethical challenges and medical enigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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147. Designing an Health Insurance Scheme for Government Employees in Bangladesh: A Concept Paper

Author

Hamid, Syed Abdul

Subjects
jel:I13, Health Insurance, Government Employees, Bangladesh, Concept Paper
Abstract

Introducing compulsory health insurance for government employees bears immense importance for stepping towards universal healthcare coverage in Bangladesh. Lack of scientific study on designing such scheme, in the Bangladesh context, motivates this paper. The study aims at designing a comprehensive insurance package simultaneously covering health, life and accident related disability risks of the public employees, where the health component would extend to all dependent family members. We mainly analyzed, due to lack of data on the target population for actuarial calculation, the MIS data of group health insurance schemes (offered to various corporate houses) of some reputed insurance companies in Bangladesh. In addition, we consulted with various stakeholders including insurance companies and Insurance Development and Regulatory Authority. Our predicted loading costs including inflationary factor ranges from 10-15 percent. We have outlined the structure of a contributory and cashless health insurance scheme for the public servants and their eligible family members initially for a block period of 5 years. This offers a comprehensive list of surgical and no-surgical inpatient care (including complicated maternal care) available in the public hospitals and empanelled private hospitals. The coverage includes pre-existing illnesses, but excludes dental and ophthalmic care. The scheme offers a benefit of 5 Lakh Taka for covering all medical costs (excluding transport charges) of inpatient care for a block period of 5 years and 5 Lakh Taka for death benefit. The estimated premium is 500 Taka per month (400 Taka per month for health insurance and 100 Taka per month for life and accident related disability insurance).The hospitalization benefit is on a floater basis i.e. the total coverage can be availed of individually or collectively by the employees and their eligible family members during the said block period with no restriction on the number of times of availing. Subscription may be deducted from salary or medical allowance. If the spouse is also a government employee then subscription may be deducted from one of them. Some infrastructural constraints need to be addressed while introducing the scheme. These, for example, are capacity constraints of public hospitals; lack of provision of local fund in the public hospitals for regular maintenance of medical equipment and continuous supply of reagents for diagnostic tests to smoothen the services and increasing quality of care; provision of sufficient amount of all necessary drugs in the public hospitals; lack of an effective referral chain in the public hospitals; capacity constraints of the existing insurance companies; and lack of third party administrator (TPA). Establishing a powerful autonomous body is also crucial, due to capacity constraints of the existing insurance companies, to carry the risk of such a big pool of population. The main role of this body is to manage insurance fund, carry the risk and to monitor and supervise the health services to be provided under the scheme. The role of the insurance companies may be limited to claim settlement, issuing of smart card, etc.

Published
2014

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