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Bangladesh is one of the world's poorest and most densely populated countries, and subject to annual cyclones and flooding. Despite these challenges, it benefits from strong economic growth, good performance on health and education, and poverty reduction, alongside weak governance and pervasive corruption. The reasons include strong macroeconomic policy, pro-poor spending, credible elections, export growth and remittances, improved capacity for managing natural disasters, and a stronger civil society than comparable countries. After over a decade of intense engagement with the Bank on governance, Bangladesh adopted in 2006 a governance-oriented Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) with four main objectives: to improve implementation capacity; to 'tackle corruption' by fully operationalizing the Anti-Corruption Commission; to lay the foundation for comprehensive legal and judicial reform; and to strengthen 'voice, empowerment and participation.' The choice of a wide range of instruments and areas of intervention was appropriate, given the political instability at the time of 2006 CAS preparation. The Bank signaled it was ready to engage in all areas, and could scale up or pull back depending on emerging political and bureaucratic commitment. The 2006 CAS yielded mixed results, and the subsequent Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) has been more selective on GAC issues. At the project level, governance has been a key priority, in line with the South Asia region's heavy emphasis on GAC-in-Projects. Investments in GAC-in-primary education, a local government project, anti-corruption efforts in the power sector, and projects strengthening the investment climate have yielded positive results. Investments in GAC-in-roads projects have had mixed results in terms of effectiveness. GAC activities were mainly adopted prior to the 2007 GAC strategy. Although Bangladesh was a Country Governance and Anticorruption (CGAC) country, the country team chose not to use CGAC funds because the country had already been intensively using GAC approaches well before the GAC strategy was adopted.

Cambodia is one of the world's most open economies, sustaining high levels of growth in an environment of relatively weak governance. Emerging from a legacy of genocide and civil conflict, the country has sought to address human and social capital deficits across sectors, weaknesses in public finance, and corruption. Despite improvements in access to basic services, governance constraints persist and may threaten gains from economic integration. Over the 2004-10 period, the Bank's engagement on Governance and Anticorruption (GAC) issues in Cambodia was not defined by a single, overarching priority or entry point (such as core public sector management, natural resource management, or service delivery). Rather, the Bank was opportunistic, opting to support the government's GAC efforts across multiple sectors and institutions. The relevance of this opportunistic approach is judged to be moderately relevant. The Bank's objectives on public financial management (PFM) were highly relevant given Cambodia's nontransparent and weak public expenditure management and limited capacity. The Bank's response to sectoral governance weaknesses such as red tape, inefficiencies, and other forms of rent-seeking in customs is rated modest given the need for the government to implement its World Trade Organization commitments. The Bank's project level engagement is rated as moderately relevant. As a basis for reinstating suspended projects, portfolio-wide measures included the use of an Independent Procurement Agency (IPA) for the International Development Association (IDA) procurements, and the implementation of Good Governance Frameworks (GGF) for all IDA projects.

The purpose of this report is to inform practitioners on gender dynamics in Bolivia as they relate to natural resource management and climate change. This is done to provide new knowledge for mainstreaming gender into rural development projects. The aim is to go beyond general gender assumptions and provide more detailed empirical knowledge on differentiated gender roles and the relative access of women and men to resources. The report will demonstrate that women and men in rural Bolivia have many different roles and opportunities, which are not equally distributed. The paper will also show that these roles are changing as a result of both general development trends and climate change. Further, evidence demonstrates that women and men experience vulnerability and adapt to climate change differently. As a result, rural development and adaptation strategies should integrate the relative capacities of women and men and respond to their particular needs. This will help avoid counterproductive out comes that widen gender gaps and allow for more sustainable, pro-poor rural development. This report will begin by introducing the methodology and case study regions. It will then examine in detail the specific roles of women and men in rural Bolivia. Next it will look at the gendered access to and control over resources and how gender roles, access and control are changing as a result of climate change. The report will finish with some general conclusions and specific recommendations for development practitioners in rural Bolivia.

La construcció del subjecte històric del Paleolític mis s'ha sustentat tradicionalment en l'adopció crítica d'una sèrie de conceptes i categories, la operativitat i potencial explicatiu de les quals discutirem aquí. Opinem que l'absència d'un posicionament verdaderament definit enfront la concepció "d'allò humà" i la seva plasmació al registre material, ha permès la perpetuació en el discurs arqueològic d'idees de filiació evolucionista i marcat caràcter presentista, amb les quals s'ha justificat la presumpta preeminència "natural" de l'Homo sapiens respecte altres homínids. Intentarem mostrar que aquests arguments expreassta habitualment en clau cognitiva, constitueixen un autèntic obstacle per l'adequada construcció dels subjectes històrics del paleolític, que perjudica, alhora, el procés de comprensió i explicació dels fenòmens històrics en els que aquests s'inserten., Traditionally, the Middle Palaeolithic historical subject has been constructed based on a noncritical adoption of a series of concepts and categories whose operability and explanatory power are discussed here. We sustain that lack of a well-defined theoretical position regarding what is "human" and its representation in the material record has contributed to the perpetuation of presentist and evolutionist ideas in the archaeological discours. Such ideas has been used to justify Homo Sapiens' supposed "natural" preeminence above the rest of the hominins. We show that such traditional arguments, often expressed in terms of cognitive abilities, constitute a real obstacle towards and adequate construction of Paleolithic historical subjects. In addition, they are detrimental to our understanding and explanation of the historical phenomena in which the subjects are inserted., La construcción del sujeto histórico del Paleolítico medio se ha sustentado tradicionalmente en la adopción acrítica de una serie de conceptos y categorías cuya operatividad y potencial explicativo dicutiremos aquí. Opinamos que la ausencia de posicionamiento verdaderamente definido frente a la concepción de "lo humano" y su plasmación en el registro material, ha permitido la perpetuación en el discurso arqueológico de ideas de filiación evolucionista y marcado carácter presentista, con las que se ha justificado la presunta preminencia "natural" de Homo sapiens con respecto al resto de homininos. Intentaremos mostrar que estos argumentos expresados habitualmente en clave cognitiva, constituyen un verdadero obstáculo para la adecuada construcción de los sujetos históricos del Paleolítico, que perjudica a su vez al proceso de comprensión y explicación de los fenómenos históricos en los que éstos se insertan.

This paper summarizes the key findings of an 'After Action Review' (AAR) that reflects a decade of experience in designing and implementing ten HIV/AIDS projects in the Caribbean, financed by the World Bank. The objective is to identify what worked (and what didn't) in the project approach, design and implementation, distilling useful lessons for other projects in small states.

gráficas, ilustraciones, tablas La presente propuesta se formula alrededor de la comprensión sobre las necesidades humanas fundamentales, abordando este tema desde una perspectiva relacional individuo-entorno, por eso, su objetivo principal fue comprender las maneras de realizar adecuada, oportuna y eficazmente las Necesidades Humanas Fundamentales (NHF) de personas en situación de discapacidad (PSD), esto a partir del reconocimiento de las relaciones que en la cotidianidad vive el individuo. La categoría “Necesidad” es un concepto polisémico, con un largo desarrollo conceptual desde diferentes perspectivas, por lo cual para este estudio se tomó como referente principal los postulados de Manfred Max-Neef y Col (1986), y los desarrollos posteriores que se encuentran en esta misma corriente teórica. Este autor rompe con muchos desarrollos que le antecedieron y postula nuevas formas de comprender las necesidades, desde una propuesta de concepción universal y social, que es fundamental para sustentar este trabajo investigativo. El propósito final de esta investigación, es proponer lineamientos que permitan aumentar las posibilidades de realización de las necesidades de las personas en situación de discapacidad, a partir del fortalecimiento de las relaciones sociales de los individuos, proponiendo un desarrollo basado en lo local, lo comunitario, lo “pequeño” (Mujica,N. Rincón,S. 2006), como eje fundamental donde se desenvuelve la vida de la gente y en definitiva, se concretan las posibilidades de desarrollo humano. Este estudio se realizó con la colaboración de seis informantes culturales de Bogotá D.C., desde un tipo de estudio cualitativo, con un nivel de profundidad analítico explicativo. Según la fuente de información será de tipo mixto, pues se tiene en cuenta, el análisis documental de la literatura encontrada a partir de los desarrollos de Max-Neef (1986) hasta hoy y las vivencias de las personas en situación de discapacidad, las técnicas utilizadas para la recolección de información, fueron narración de historia de vida, entrevista semiestructurada y taller de análisis individual de la matriz, propuesto por Max-Neef para interpretación de las formas de realizar las NHF. (texto tomado de la fuente) The proposed present is formulated around the understanding of the human fundamental necessities, this topic will be approached from the individual's perspective with its environment, for that reason its main objective is to understand the ways to satisfy and to carry out appropriate, opportune and efficiently the human fundamental necessities of disability people starting from the recognition of the relationship individual and environment The category "Necessity" is a concept, with a conceptual long development from different perspectives, reason why for this study we will recapture as initial referent some postulates of Manfred Max-Neef and Cabbage (1986) and other later developments that are in this same line. This author breaks up with many developments that preceded him/her and it postulates new forms of understanding the necessities, from a proposal of universal and social conception that is fundamental to sustain this investigative work. The final purpose of this investigation to propose limits that allow to increase the possibilities of realization of the necessities of people disability, starting from the invigoration of the social relationships of the individuals, proposing a development based on the local thing, the community thing, the "small" thing (Mujica, N. Corner, S. 2006), as fundamental axis where people's life is unwrapped and in definitive, the possibilities of human development are summed up. This study is carried out D.C. with the collaboration of six people in disability situation of Bogotá, from a type of qualitative study, with an analytic explanatory level of depth. According to the source of information it will be of mixed type, because one will keep in mind, the documental analysis of the opposing literature starting from the developments of Max-Neef (1986) until today of people in disability situation, the techniques used for the gathering of information, were narration of history of life, interviews to depth, interviews semiestructurada and shop proposed for Max-Neef for interpretation of the womb proposal. Maestría Magister en Discapacidad e Inclusión Social

This monograph probes the role of information in service delivery by focusing on key sectors in Kenya and Ethiopia. Findings from comparative studies done in 2005-06 in the health, education, and water and sanitation sectors plus public and private partnerships (PPPs) illustrate the significance of information access to delivery of quality services. Linking information access to service delivery is instructive to deepen institutional reforms around transparency and governance. This volume contends that three constraints-governance, trust, and technology deficits-impede information flows for service delivery in Ethiopia and Kenya. Although these constraints are formidable, the cases reveal that reforms in the governance arena have began to make a difference in the domain of service delivery. Using local researchers for this study has contributed to the World Bank's vision and mission of strengthening knowledge production by local institutions, particularly in Africa, where the low rate of the input of indigenous voices in the development debates is a growing concern. Augmenting the corpus of knowledge about African issues by Africans also fits into the objective of capacity building: providing local experts the opportunities to research and highlight experiences on the ground. As more countries embark on public sector reforms that deepen transparent information mechanisms and better service delivery, the need for more of these studies will increase. What the authors of this study have articulated is a rich research agenda that ties information access and service provision-research that should help advance policy dialogue with actors involved in public sector and governance reforms.

Discusses the Climate Change Adaptation in Africa program, which aims to establish a self-sustained African body of expertise on adaptation through capacity development and strengthening institutions.

У статті розглянуто питання визначення кадрового потенціалу ВАТ «Сумихімпром» і його підрозділів, проведено аналіз використання кадрового потенціалу. У роботі проаналізовані поняття кадрового потенціалу, його структура, якісна і кількісна характеристика кадрового потенціалу ВАТ «Сумихімпром», зроблено оцінку та аналіз використання кадрового потенціалу підприємства у вартісному виразі. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8848 В статье рассмотрены вопросы определения кадрового потенциала ОАО «Сумыхимпром» и его подразделений, проведён анализ использования кадрового потенциала. В работе проанализированы понятие кадрового потенциала, его структура, качественная и количественная характеристика кадрового потенциала ОАО «Сумыхимпром», произведена оценка и анализ использования кадрового потенциала предприятия в стоимостном выражении. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8848

Обосновывается необходимость современных методологических подходов в исследовании проблем переориентации евростратегии с темпом экономического роста на усилении роли человеческого капитала и его инвестирования. Предлагается комплекс мер по повышению активности человеческого потенциала, поиска каждой страной качественно иной стратегической позиции, определяющей прогрессивные принципиально новые цели развития Grounded on the necessity of current methodological approaches in the investigation the problems of European strategy disorientation with economic growth to enhance the human capital of the rolls and his investing. Offering the complex of measures to improve the activity of the human potential, searching by every country the other qualitatively strategic position, determination new aims of developing

Metadata only record These proceedings are from the Seventh International Scientific Conference, "Agricultural alternatives and nutritional self-sufficiency: For a sustainable agricultural system that respects man and his environment," of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (INFOAM) held in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 2-5 January 1989. The conference focused on issues such as human resources, traditional agriculture, agro-ecosystems, technology, water management, organic farming systems, soil biology, fertilization, biological pest control, and food preservation. This book contains the papers, abstracts, and speeches presented at this conference.