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Processing-In-Memory (PIM) is an increasingly popular architecture aimed at addressing the 'memory wall' crisis by prioritizing the integration of processors within DRAM. It promotes low data access latency, high bandwidth, massive parallelism, and low power consumption. The skyline operator is a known primitive used to identify those multi-dimensional points offering optimal trade-offs within a given dataset. For large multidimensional dataset, calculating the skyline is extensively compute and data intensive. Although, PIM systems present opportunities to mitigate this cost, their execution model relies on all processors operating in isolation with minimal data exchange. This prohibits direct application of known skyline optimizations which are inherently sequential, creating dependencies and large intermediate results that limit the maximum parallelism, throughput, and require an expensive merging phase. In this work, we address these challenges by introducing the first skyline algorithm for PIM architectures, called DSky. It is designed to be massively parallel and throughput efficient by leveraging a novel work assignment strategy that emphasizes load balancing. Our experiments demonstrate that it outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms for CPUs and GPUs, in most cases. DSky achieves 2× to 14× higher throughput compared to the state-of-the-art solutions on competing CPU and GPU architectures. Furthermore, we showcase DSky's good scaling properties which are intertwined with PIM's ability to allocate resources with minimal added cost. In addition, we showcase an order of magnitude better energy consumption compared to CPUs and GPUs.

Byline: Handattu. Krishna, Mukesh. Prasad, Milon. Mitragotri, G. Bipin, Divya. Gupta, Ridhima. Sharma Transfusion of blood and blood products has many adverse effects and should be done only if patient [...]

Agriculture and changing environmental conditions are closely related, as weather changes could adversely affect living organisms or regions of crop cultivation. Changing environmental conditions trigger different abiotic stresses, which ultimately cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. Common ROS production sites are the chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, mitochondria, peroxisomes, etc. The imbalance in ROS production and ROS detoxification in plant cells leads to oxidative damage to biomolecules such as lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. At low concentrations, ROS initiates signaling events related to development and adaptations to abiotic stress in plants by inducing signal transduction pathways. In plants, a stress signal is perceived by various receptors that induce a signal transduction pathway that activates numerous signaling networks, which disrupt gene expression, impair the diversity of kinase/phosphatase signaling cascades that manage the stress response in the plant, and result in changes in physiological responses under various stresses. ROS production also regulates ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways to mitigate drought stress. This review focuses on the common subcellular location of manufacturing, complex signaling mechanisms, and networks of ROS, with an emphasis on cellular effects and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant scavenging mechanisms of ROS in Poaceae crops against drought stress and how the manipulation of ROS regulates stress tolerance in plants. Understanding ROS systems in plants could help to create innovative strategies to evolve paths of cell protection against the negative effects of excessive ROS in attempts to improve crop productivity in adverse environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acrylamide (AA) is a carcinogenic compound that affects people due to its frequent use in laboratories and industry as well as the high‐temperature cooking of foods with high hydrocarbon content. AA is known to cause severe reproductive abnormalities. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of rutin (RU), a phytoactive compound, against AA‐induced reproductive toxicity in female rats. Initially, rats were exposed to AA (40 mg/kg for 10 days). Therapy of RU was given after AA intoxication consecutively for 3 days. After 24 h of the last treatment, all the animals were sacrificed. The study evaluated reproductive hormones, oxidative stress markers, membrane‐bound enzymes, DNA damage, histological findings, and an in silico approach to determine the protective efficacy of RU. The results indicated that RU significantly protected against inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage induced by AA, likely due to its antioxidant properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek, generally known as mung bean, is a crucial pulse crop in Southeast Asia that is renowned for its high nutritional value. However, its cultivation faces substantial challenges due to numerous abiotic stresses. Here, we investigate the influence of salt and drought stress on mung bean genotypes by evaluating its morpho-physiological traits and biochemical characteristics. This phenotypic analysis revealed that both salt and drought stress adversely affected mung bean, which led to reduced plant height, leaf senescence, loss of plant biomass, and premature plant death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increased under these abiotic stresses. In response, to prevent damage by ROS, the plant activates defense mechanisms to scavenge ROS by producing antioxidants. This response was validated through morpho-physiological, histological, and biochemical assays that characterized KVK Puri-3 and KVK Jharsuguda-1 as salt and drought sensitive genotypes, respectively, and Pusa ratna was identified as a drought and salt tolerant genotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]