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101. Improved Constraints on Sterile Neutrino Mixing from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, MINOS+, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments

Author

Adamson, P, An, FP, Anghel, I, Aurisano, A, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Barr, G, Bishai, M, Blake, A, Blyth, S, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Cao, SV, Carroll, TJ, Castromonte, CM, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, R, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Childress, S, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Coelho, JAB, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, De Rijck, S, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dolzhikov, D, Dove, J, Dvořák, M, Dwyer, DA, Evans, JJ, Feldman, GJ, Flanagan, W, Gabrielyan, M, Gallo, JP, Germani, S, Gomes, RA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gouffon, P, Graf, N, Grzelak, K, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Habig, A, Hackenburg, RW, Hahn, SR, Hans, S, Hartnell, J, Hatcher, R, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Holin, A, Hor, YK, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, J, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kordosky, M, Kramer, M, Kreymer, A, Lang, K, Langford, TJ, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, and Leitner, R

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Daya Bay Collaboration, MINOS+ Collaboration, hep-ex, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the θ_{μe} mixing angle are derived that constitute the most constraining limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the mass-squared splitting Δm_{41}^{2}, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CL_{s} for Δm_{41}^{2}

Published
2020

102. Adaptive Multirate Mass Transfer (aMMT) Model: A New Approach to Upscale Regional-Scale Transport Under Transient Flow Conditions

Author

Guo, Z, Henri, CV, Fogg, GE, Zhang, Y, and Zheng, C

Subjects
aMMT, MRMT, upscaling, transport, transient flow, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering
Abstract

The long-term evaluation of regional-scale groundwater quality needs efficient upscaling methods for transient flow. Upscaling techniques, such as the Multirate Mass Transfer (MRMT) method with constant upscaling parameters, have been used for transport with steady-state flow, yet the upscaling parameters (i.e., rate coefficients) may be time dependent. This study proposed and validated an adaptive MRMT (aMMT) method by allowing the mass transfer coefficients in MRMT to change with the flow field. Advective-dispersive contaminant transport simulated in a 3-D heterogeneous medium was used as a reference solution. Equivalent transport under homogeneous flow conditions was evaluated by applying the MRMT and aMMT models for upscaling. The relationship between mass transfer coefficients and flow rates was fitted under steady-state flow driven by various hydraulic gradients. A power law relationship was obtained, which was then used to update the mass transfer coefficients in each stress period under transient flow conditions in the aMMT method. Results indicated that for advection-dominated transport, both the MRMT and aMMT methods can upscale the anomalous transport dynamics affected by subgrid heterogeneity under transient flow conditions. Whereas for diffusion-dominated systems, the MRMT model failed to capture the tails of tracer breakthrough curves after the boundary condition changed, but the results from the aMMT model were significantly improved. However, if the overall flow direction changed, both MRMT and aMMT failed to represent the breakthrough curve tail generated by the heterogeneous system. The results point toward a promising path for upscaling transport in complex aquifers with transient flow.

Published
2020

103. Quantum Reflection above the Classical Radiation-reaction Barrier in the QED Regime

Author

Geng, X. S., Ji, L. L., Shen, B. F., Feng, B., Guo, Z., Yu, Q., Zhang, L. G., and Xu, Z. Z.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The colliding between an ultra-intense laser pulse with a high energy electron beam is not only an important source for high-brightness gamma-rays but also a powerful approach to exploit new physics in the exotic strong-field QED regime. In the cross-colliding geometry, when radiation-reaction (RR) force is interpreted by the classical Landau-Lifshitz equation, we found that there is a distinctive barrier that allows penetration of electrons at energies beyond the barrier and blocks those of lower energies. While in the QED perspective, electrons can be well reflected (transmit) in the regime where complete transmission (reflection) is allowed classically. The reflection (transmission) is guaranteed by the quantum nature of radiation but forbidden by classical description. This effect is accompanied by the blurring of the angular distribution for scattered electrons and becomes significant for laser intensities at $2\times10^{23}\ \mathrm{W/cm^2}$ and electron energies of $\sim 10^2\ \mathrm{MeV}$; thus could be measured in the up-coming 10-100PW laser facilities. By detecting the reflection rate of the energetic electron beam after colliding and resolve the angular distribution, the results are capable of identifying the boundaries between classical and QED approaches in the strong field regime and testifying the various models describing the fundamental process., Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures

Published
2018
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104. Predictive Nomogram for Hyperprogressive Disease During Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Treatment in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Author

Wang X, Guo Z, Wu X, Chen D, Wang F, Yang L, Luo M, Wu S, Yang C, Huang L, and Fu L

Subjects
pd-1/pd-l1 inhibitors, hyperprogressive disease, non-small cell lung cancer, nomogram, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Xueping Wang, Zhixing Guo, Xingping Wu, Da Chen, Fang Wang, Lewei Yang, Min Luo, Shaocong Wu, Chuan Yang, Lamei Huang, Liwu Fu State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liwu Fu, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, 651 Dongfengdong Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People’s Republic of China, Email fulw@mail.sysu.edu.cnIntroduction: Various studies have reported that anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment may lead to the rapid development of tumors called hyperprogressive disease (HPD). A nomogram for HPD prediction in NSCLC patients is urgently needed.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 176 cases for establishing a model of HPD prediction and 85 cases for validation in advanced NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. HPD was defined as tumor growth rate (TGR, ≥ 2), tumor growth kinetics (TGK, ≥ 2) or time to treatment failure (TTF, ≤ 2 months). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to estimate the specified factors associated with HPD. Then, the nomogram was developed and validated.Results: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy resulted in a 9.66% (17/176) incidence of HPD in advanced NSCLC. The overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with HPD were significantly shorter than those in patients without HPD (OS: 7.00 vs 12.00 months, P< 0.01; PFS: 2.00 vs 5.00 months, P< 0.001, respectively). The HPD prediction nomogram included APTT (P< 0.01), CD4+ CD25+ CD127-low cells (Treg cells) (P< 0.01), the presence of liver metastasis (P< 0.05), and more than two metastatic sites (P< 0.05). Then, patients were divided into two groups by the “HPD score” calculated by the nomogram. The C-index was 0.845, while the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.830 (sensitivity 75.00%, specificity 91.70%). The calibration plot of HPD probability showed an optimal agreement between the actual observation and prediction by the nomogram. In the validation cohort, the AUC was up to 0.960 (sensitivity 88.70%, specificity 89.80%).Conclusions: The nomogram was constructed with the presence of liver metastasis, more than two metastatic sites, lengthened APTT and a high level of Treg cells, which could be used to predict HPD risk.Keywords: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, hyperprogressive disease, non-small cell lung cancer, nomogram

Published
2023

105. The Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Combined with Irradiation on HMGB1-Associated Inflammatory Cytokines and Myocardial Injury

Author

Bai J, Wu B, Zhao S, Wang G, Su S, Lu B, Hu Y, Geng Y, Guo Z, Wan J, OuYang W, Hu C, and Liu J

Subjects
hmgb1, pd-1 inhibitors, radiotherapy, heart injury, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Jie Bai,1– 3,&ast; Bibo Wu,1– 3,&ast; Shasha Zhao,1– 3,&ast; Gang Wang,1– 3,&ast; Shengfa Su,1– 3 Bing Lu,1– 3 Yinxiang Hu,1– 3 Yichao Geng,1,3 Zhengneng Guo,1– 3 Jun Wan,2,3 Weiwei OuYang,1– 3 Cheng Hu,1– 3 Jie Liu1– 3 1Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Oncology, School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shengfa Su, Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613608550432, Fax +86513076, Email sushengfa2005@163.comPurpose: To explore the effect of PD-1 inhibitors combined with irradiation on myocardial injury and the changes of HMGB1-associated inflammatory markers.Methods: Four groups of five mice were used, each groupformed by randomly dividing 20 mice (group A control; group B PD-1 inhibitors; group C Irradiation; group D PD-1 inhibitors+irradiation; n = 5 for each). The mice were treated with either PD-1 inhibitors or a 15 Gy dose of single heart irradiation, or both. Hematoxylin-eosin staining assessed the morphology and pathology of heart tissue; Masson staining assessed heart fibrosis; Tunel staining evaluated heart apoptosis; flow cytometry detected CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes in heart tissues; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay evaluated IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ of heart tissue; Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) detected the expression of protein and mRNA of HMGB1, TLR-4, and NF-κB p65 respectively.Results: The degree of heart injury, collagen volume fraction (CVF) and apoptotic index (AI) in groups B, C, and D were higher than group A, but the differences between the CVF and AI of group A and group B were not statistical significance (P> 0.05). Similarly, the absolute counts and relative percentage of CD3+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in heart tissue with group D were significantly higher than the other groups (P< 0.05). In addition, compared with group A, the expression of protein and mRNA of HMGB1 and NF-κB p65 in other groups were higher, and the differences between each group were statistically significant while TLR4 was not. In addition, interaction by PD-1 inhibitors and irradiation was found in inflammatory indicators, especially in the expression of the HMGB1 and CD8+ T lymphocytes.Conclusion: PD-1 inhibitors can increase the expression of HMGB1-associated inflammatory cytokines and aggravate radiation-induced myocardial injury.Keywords: HMGB1, PD-1 inhibitors, radiotherapy, heart injury

Published
2022

106. Bergaptol Alleviates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation, Neurological Damage and Cognitive Impairment via Regulating the JAK2/STAT3/p65 Pathway

Author

Wu J, Zhang J, Xie Q, He X, Guo Z, Zheng B, Wang S, Yang Q, and Du C

Subjects
bergaptol, neuroinflammation, lps, jak2/stat3/p65, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Jianbing Wu,1,&ast; Jie Zhang,1,&ast; Qiangli Xie,2 Xiaohuan He,3 Zhangchao Guo,1 Bo Zheng,4 Sisong Wang,5 Qiumei Yang,6 Chunfu Du1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ya’an People’s Hospital, Ya’an, 625000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chengdu Qingbaijiang District People’s Hospital, Chengdu, 610300, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of the Fifth Dispatched Outpatient, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurology, Ya’an People’s Hospital, Ya’an, 625000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Neurosurgery, the Chengdu 363 Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Geriatrics, Luzhou People’s Hospital, Luzhou, 646000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chunfu Du, Department of Neurosurgery, Ya’an People’s Hospital, 358 Chenghou Road, Ya’an, Sichuan, 625000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-835-2862065, Email 1012036559@qq.comPurpose: Neuroinflammation is considered a critical pathological process in various central nervous system (CNS) diseases and is closely related to neuronal death and dysfunction. Bergaptol is a natural 5-hydroxyfurocoumarin found in lemon, bergamot and other plants. Some studies have confirmed its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic functions, indicating that it may have significant medicinal value. In this study, we investigated the potential effect of Bergaptol in vitro and in vivo neuroinflammatory models.Methods: Mice were injected with LPS (40 μg/kg) into the hippocampal CA1 region and then injected intraperitoneally with Bergaptol (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) once a day for two weeks. In addition, to verify the effect of Bergaptol on BV2 cells, Bergaptol with different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 μg/mL) was firstly incubated for 1 hour, then LPS with a concentration of 1 μg/mL was added and incubated for 23 hours.Results: Bergaptol treatment significantly improved the cognitive impairment induced by LPS. In addition, Bergaptol significantly inhibited the reduction of dendritic spines and the mRNA level of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) in hippocampal induced by LPS. In vitro, Bergaptol inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β from LPS-treated BV-2 cells. In addition, Bergaptol treatment significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels of JAK2, STAT3 and p65 in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells.Conclusion: In conclusion, our results suggest that Bergaptol alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation, neurological damage and cognitive impairment by regulating the JAK2/STAT3/P65 pathway, suggesting that Bergaptol is a promising neuroprotective agent.Keywords: Bergaptol, neuroinflammation, LPS, JAK2/STAT3/p65

Published
2022

107. Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy Between Health Beliefs and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Zhang A, Wang J, Wan X, Zhang J, Guo Z, Miao Y, Zhao S, Bai S, Zhang Z, and Yang W

Subjects
health belief model, self-efficacy, glycated haemoglobin, mediation analysis, elderly, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Anqi Zhang,1,2,&ast; Jinsong Wang,1– 3,&ast; Xiaojuan Wan,2 Jing Zhang,3 Zihe Guo,3 Yamin Miao,2 Shuhan Zhao,2 Shuo Bai,2 Ziyi Zhang,2 Weiwei Yang4 1The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China; 3Yangzhou Commission of Health, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China; 4Community Health Service Center, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jinsong Wang, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15952771632, Email wangjs@yzu.edu.cnPurpose: To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and health beliefs in community elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Patients and Methods: From January to March 2022, convenience sampling was adopted to investigate 200 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in a community in Yangzhou, China. Data were collected using the Health Beliefs Questionnaire, Self-efficacy for Diabetes, and Medication Compliance Questionnaire. Laboratory parameters included HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0.Results: HbA1c levels were higher in men (women vs men: 6.80% [6.08%, 7.73%] vs.7.30% [6.30%, 9.18%]) and employed (employed vs not employed vs retired: 7.60% [6.90%, 10.45%] vs 5.85% [5.40%, 6.95%] vs 7.10% [6.20%, 8.20%]) and low self-efficacy (low vs high: 13.1% [6.55%, 13.85%] vs 6.8% [6.10%, 7.70%]). HbA1c levels were negatively associated with health beliefs (r = − 0.246) and self-efficacy (r = − 0.240; p< 0.01). Linear regression showed that perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, and barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy explained 50% of the variance in HbA1c levels after adjusting for sex and current work status. The mediation effect of self-efficacy was partial between health beliefs and HbA1c levels and accounted for 24.65% of the total effect (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Health beliefs influenced the improvement of self-efficacy in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which in turn could improve HbA1c control. Self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between health beliefs and Hba1c levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: health belief model, self-efficacy, glycated haemoglobin, mediation analysis, elderly, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Published
2022

114. Understanding Users’ Continuance Usage Behavior Towards Digital Health Information System Driven by the Digital Revolution Under COVID-19 Context: An Extended UTAUT Model

Author

Bai B and Guo Z

Subjects
digital health information system, online medical, continuance usage behavior, utaut model, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract

Bing Bai, Zhiqiong Guo Business School, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhiqiong Guo, Email joan_monday@163.comBackground: Improving the health status of users through the use of digital health information systems has drawn the attention of practitioners and academics under the tide of the digital revolution, specifically in the time of global pandemic of COVID-19, and as a result, online medical consultation has developed rapidly.Purpose: Empirical studies, however, are lacking in terms of gaining insight into use digital health information system driven by the digital revolution under COVID-19 and identifying the factors for retaining users and encouraging their continuing use. To solve this problem, this study seeks to explore the factors that influence users’ intention to use digital health information system.Methods: This study extended the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model by introducing components of perceived risks into the model. Structural equation modeling was adopted to evaluate the research model based on an empirical survey of 241 users in China.Results: As indicated by the results, users’ continuance usage behavior to digital health information system is shaped by intention to use and facilitating conditions, with effort expectancy, social influence, perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment exerting indirect positive effects on continuance usage behavior via intention to use. In contrast, perceived risk and perceived cost have indirect negative impact on continuance usage behavior.Conclusion: The findings of this study can not only help the practitioners better understand the users’ continuance usage behavior towards digital health information system driven by digital revolution in the time of COVID-19 pandemic and further tap into the potential market but also make up the short of traditional technology acceptance model explanatory by the extended UTAUT model.Keywords: digital health information system, online medical, continuance usage behavior, UTAUT model

Published
2022

115. The Relationship Between Serum Folate Level and Residual Renal Function in CAPD Patients

Author

Yu J, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Wang T, Du J, Zhao L, Li J, Wang H, Xu Q, Lai X, and Guo Z

Subjects
folate, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, residual renal function, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jianpeng Yu,1,&ast; Qi Zhou,1,&ast; Ying Xu,1,&ast; Tieyun Wang,1 Jun Du,1 Lifang Zhao,1 Juan Li,1 Haiyan Wang,1 Qianqian Xu,2 Xueli Lai,1 Zhiyong Guo1 1Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xueli Lai; Zhiyong Guo, Email laixueli_changhai@163.com; drguozhiyong@163.comObjective: To investigate the relationship between serum folate (FA) levels and residual renal function (RRF) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients.Methods: Clinical data were collected from 180 hospitalized patients who received CAPD regularly. Patients were divided into the FA deficiency group and the FA non-deficiency group according to serum FA level. Data on age, sex, PD vintage, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum FA, total Kt/V, residual kidney Kt/V, peritoneum Kt/V, creatinine clearance (Ccr), ultrafiltration volume, cystatin C (cytC), serum creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen, retinol-binding protein and the primary disease were gathered from 2 groups. Statistical methods were used to analyze the relationship between serum FA level and RRF.Results: Peritoneal Kt/V, cytC, Scr were higher, and residual kidney Kt/V was lower in FA deficiency group than in non-deficiency group. Univariate correlation showed the peritoneal Kt/V, cytC, Scr negatively correlated with serum FA while residual kidney Kt/V positively correlated with serum FA, and there was a simple linear regression relationship between serum FA and residual kidney Kt/V. Differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05).Conclusion: There is a relationship between serum FA and RRF in CAPD patients. Prospective studies or trials should be performed to clarify the importance of FA supplementation on RRF during peritoneal dialysis.Keywords: folate, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, residual renal function

Published
2022

116. Lipid-Based Factors: A Promising New Biomarker for Predicting Prognosis and Conditional Survival Probability in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Author

Guo Z and Liang J

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, survival, biomarkers, conditional survival probability, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Ziwei Guo,1,2 Jun Liang1,2 1Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Medical Oncology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Peking University International Hospital, Medical Oncology, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jun Liang, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, 52 Fu cheng, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100142, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615801353728, Fax +86 01069006789, Email Junl1959@163.comPurpose: Abnormalities in lipid metabolism play a vital role in the development of cancer. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the survival prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in terms of (free fatty acid: high-density lipoproteins) ratio (FF-HL) and to compare it with conditional probability and annual death hazard.Patients and Methods: Patients (n=300) were enrolled. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive ability of survival. Survival probabilities were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Log rank tests were performed for statistical significance.Results: The area under the ROC curve for FF-HL, which predicts overall survival (OS), was superior to other markers. Patients in the high FF-HL (> 840.3) showed poorer OS and progress-free survival (PFS). In multivariable analysis, FF-HL was an independent marker in predicting OS. Younger people and those with intrahepatic metastasis in higher FF-HL groups, as well as older men without vascular invasion in higher AHLR groups showed shorter OS and PFS. 3-year conditional disease-free survival (CDFS3) was slightly higher than those with actuarial survival. The death risk for 3-year conditional OS (COS3) was stable in the group with low FF-HL and (albumin: high-density lipoproteins) ratio (AHLR) and more pronounced in high subgroups. However, risk stratification using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer approach and Child-Pugh score might not accurately predict COS3.Conclusion: FF-HL and AHLR are not only promising biomarkers in terms of predictive ability of OS and PFS but also provide time-dependent prognostic information for HCC patients.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, survival, biomarkers, conditional survival probability

Published
2022

121. Resistive cooling of highly charged ions in a Penning trap to a fluid-like state

Author

Ebrahimi, M. S., Guo, Z., Vogel, M., Wiesel, M., Birkl, G., and Quint, W.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

We have performed a detailed experimental study of resistive cooling of large ensembles of highly charged ions such as Ar$^{13+}$ in a cryogenic Penning trap. Different from the measurements reported in [M. Vogel et al., Phys. Rev. A, 043412 (2014)], we observe purely exponential cooling behavior when conditions are chosen to allow collisional thermalization of the ions. We provide evidence that in this situation, resistive cooling time constants and final temperatures are independent of the initial ion energy, and that the cooling time constant of a thermalized ion ensemble is identical to the single-ion cooling time constant. For sufficiently high ion number densities, our measurements show discontinuities in the spectra of motional resonances which indicate a transition of the ion ensemble to a fluid-like state when cooled to temperatures below approximately 14 K. With the final ion temperature presently being 7.5 K, ions of the highest charge states are expected to form ion crystals by mere resistive cooling, in particular not requiring the use of laser cooling.

Published
2018
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122. Search for a time-varying electron antineutrino signal at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Dash, N., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dohnal, T., Dove, J., Dvořák, M., Dwyer, D. A., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, J. Y., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. C., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A search for a time-varying $\bar{\nu}_{e}$ signal was performed with 621 days of data acquired by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment over 704 calendar days. The time spectrum of the measured $\overline{\nu}_e$ flux normalized to its prediction was analyzed with a Lomb-Scargle periodogram, which yielded no significant signal for periods ranging from 2 hours to nearly 2 years. The normalized time spectrum was also fit for a sidereal modulation under the Standard Model extension (SME) framework to search for Lorentz and CPT violation (LV-CPTV). Limits were obtained for all six flavor pairs $\bar{e}\bar{\mu}$, $\bar{e}\bar{\tau}$, $\bar{\mu}\bar{\tau}$, $\bar{e}\bar{e},\bar{\mu}\bar{\mu}$ and $\bar{\tau}\bar{\tau}$ by fitting them one at a time, constituting the first experimental constraints on the latter three. Daya Bay's high statistics and unique layout of multiple directions from three pairs of reactors to three experimental halls allowed the simultaneous constraint of individual SME LV-CPTV coefficients without assuming others contribute negligibly, a first for a neutrino experiment., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Supplemental Material is provided. v3: updated two figures to better match published version

Published
2018
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123. Measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation with 1958 days of operation at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, J. R., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zheng, P., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report a measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation from the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment with nearly 4 million reactor $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ inverse beta decay candidates observed over 1958 days of data collection. The installation of a Flash-ADC readout system and a special calibration campaign using different source enclosures reduce uncertainties in the absolute energy calibration to less than 0.5% for visible energies larger than 2 MeV. The uncertainty in the cosmogenic $^9$Li and $^8$He background is reduced from 45% to 30% in the near detectors. A detailed investigation of the spent nuclear fuel history improves its uncertainty from 100% to 30%. Analysis of the relative $\overline{\nu}_{e}$ rates and energy spectra among detectors yields $\sin^{2}2\theta_{13} = 0.0856\pm 0.0029$ and $\Delta m^2_{32}=(2.471^{+0.068}_{-0.070})\times 10^{-3}~\mathrm{eV}^2$ assuming the normal hierarchy, and $\Delta m^2_{32}=-(2.575^{+0.068}_{-0.070})\times 10^{-3}~\mathrm{eV}^2$ assuming the inverted hierarchy., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table. v4: the published version

Published
2018
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124. Improved Measurement of the Reactor Antineutrino Flux at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, Adey, D., An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Deng, F. S., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Hu, Z. J., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Langford, T. J., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, F., Li, H. L., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, S. J., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. H., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Marshall, C., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Lepin, L. Mora, Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Treskov, K., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wei, L. H., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., orcester, E., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, H. Z., Yu, Z. Y., Yue, B. B., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, F. Y., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. F., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zheng, P., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This work reports a precise measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux using 2.2 million inverse beta decay (IBD) events collected with the Daya Bay near detectors in 1230 days. The dominant uncertainty on the neutron detection efficiency is reduced by 56% with respect to the previous measurement through a comprehensive neutron calibration and detailed data and simulation analysis. The new average IBD yield is determined to be $(5.91\pm0.09)\times10^{-43}~\rm{cm}^2/\rm{fission}$ with total uncertainty improved by 29%. The corresponding mean fission fractions from the four main fission isotopes $^{235}$U, $^{238}$U, $^{239}$Pu, and $^{241}$Pu are 0.564, 0.076, 0.304, and 0.056, respectively. The ratio of measured to predicted antineutrino yield is found to be $0.952\pm0.014\pm0.023$ ($1.001\pm0.015\pm0.027$) for the Huber-Mueller (ILL-Vogel) model, where the first and second uncertainty are experimental and theoretical model uncertainty, respectively. This measurement confirms the discrepancy between the world average of reactor antineutrino flux and the Huber-Mueller model., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, and 2 tables

Published
2018
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128. Cosmogenic neutron production at Daya Bay

Author

Daya Bay Collaboration, An, F. P., Balantekin, A. B., Band, H. R., Bishai, M., Blyth, S., Cao, D., Cao, G. F., Cao, J., Chan, Y. L., Chang, J. F., Chang, Y., Chen, H. S., Chen, S. M., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. X., Cheng, J., Cheng, Z. K., Cherwinka, J. J., Chu, M. C., Chukanov, A., Cummings, J. P., Ding, Y. Y., Diwan, M. V., Dolgareva, M., Dove, J., Dwyer, D. A., Edwards, W. R., Gill, R., Gonchar, M., Gong, G. H., Gong, H., Grassi, M., Gu, W. Q., Guo, L., Guo, X. H., Guo, Y. H., Guo, Z., Hackenburg, R. W., Hans, S., He, M., Heeger, K. M., Heng, Y. K., Higuera, A., Hsiung, Y. B., Hu, B. Z., Hu, T., Huang, H. X., Huang, X. T., Huang, Y. B., Huber, P., Huo, W., Hussain, G., Jaffe, D. E., Jen, K. L., Ji, X. L., Ji, X. P., Jiao, J. B., Johnson, R. A., Jones, D., Kang, L., Kettell, S. H., Khan, A., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Kramer, M., Kwok, M. W., Langford, T. J., Lau, K., Lebanowski, L., Lee, J., Lee, J. H. C., Lei, R. T., Leitner, R., Leung, J. K. C., Li, C., Li, D. J., Li, F., Li, G. S., Li, Q. J., Li, S., Li, S. C., Li, W. D., Li, X. N., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. F., Li, Z. B., Liang, H., Lin, C. J., Lin, G. L., Lin, S., Lin, S. K., Lin, Y. -C., Ling, J. J., Link, J. M., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J. C., Liu, J. L., Loh, C. W., Lu, C., Lu, H. Q., Lu, J. S., Luk, K. B., Ma, X. B., Ma, X. Y., Ma, Y. Q., Malyshkin, Y., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, McDonald, K. T., McKeown, R. D., Mitchell, I., Nakajima, Y., Napolitano, J., Naumov, D., Naumova, E., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., Olshevskiy, A., Pan, H. -R., Park, J., Patton, S., Pec, V., Peng, J. C., Pinsky, L., Pun, C. S. J., Qi, F. Z., Qi, M., Qian, X., Qiu, R. M., Raper, N., Ren, J., Rosero, R., Roskovec, B., Ruan, X. C., Steiner, H., Sun, J. L., Tang, W., Taychenachev, D., Treskov, K., Tsang, K. V., Tse, W. -H., Tull, C. E., Viaux, N., Viren, B., Vorobel, V., Wang, C. H., Wang, M., Wang, N. Y., Wang, R. G., Wang, W., Wang, X., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, H. Y., Wen, L. J., Whisnant, K., White, C. G., Wise, T., Wong, H. L. H., Wong, S. C. F., Worcester, E., Wu, C. -H., Wu, Q., Wu, W. J., Xia, D. M., Xia, J. K., Xing, Z. Z., Xu, J. L., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yang, C. G., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yang, M. S., Yang, M. T., Yang, Y. Z., Ye, M., Ye, Z., Yeh, M., Young, B. L., Yu, Z. Y., Zeng, S., Zhan, L., Zhang, C., Zhang, C. C., Zhang, H. H., Zhang, J. W., Zhang, Q. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z. P., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, L., Zhuang, H. L., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Neutrons produced by cosmic ray muons are an important background for underground experiments studying neutrino oscillations, neutrinoless double beta decay, dark matter, and other rare-event signals. A measurement of the neutron yield in the three different experimental halls of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment at varying depth is reported. The neutron yield in Daya Bay's liquid scintillator is measured to be $Y_n=(10.26\pm 0.86)\times 10^{-5}$, $(10.22\pm 0.87)\times 10^{-5}$, and $(17.03\pm 1.22)\times 10^{-5}~\mu^{-1}~$g$^{-1}~$cm$^2$ at depths of 250, 265, and 860 meters-water-equivalent. These results are compared to other measurements and the simulated neutron yield in Fluka and Geant4. A global fit including the Daya Bay measurements yields a power law coefficient of $0.77 \pm 0.03$ for the dependence of the neutron yield on muon energy., Comment: 13 pages, 13 figures

Published
2017
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129. A high precision calibration of the nonlinear energy response at Daya Bay

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dove, J, Dvořák, M, Dwyer, DA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hor, YK, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Jetter, S, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lebanowski, L, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Lin, SK, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Lu, C, and Lu, HQ

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Neutrino, Liquid scintillator, Energy calibration, Daya Bay, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract

A high precision calibration of the nonlinearity in the energy response of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment's antineutrino detectors is presented in detail. The energy nonlinearity originates from the particle-dependent light yield of the scintillator and charge-dependent electronics response. The nonlinearity model is constrained by γ calibration points from deployed and naturally occurring radioactive sources, the β spectrum from 12B decays, and a direct measurement of the electronics nonlinearity with a new flash analog-to-digital converter readout system. Less than 0.5% uncertainty in the energy nonlinearity calibration is achieved for positrons of kinetic energies greater than 1 MeV.

Published
2019

130. Extraction of the U235 and Pu239 Antineutrino Spectra at Daya Bay

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dove, J, Dvořák, M, Dwyer, DA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hor, YK, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Lu, C, Lu, HQ, Lu, JS, Luk, KB, and B., X

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Daya Bay Collaboration, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

This Letter reports the first extraction of individual antineutrino spectra from ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu fission and an improved measurement of the prompt energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay. The analysis uses 3.5×10^{6} inverse beta-decay candidates in four near antineutrino detectors in 1958 days. The individual antineutrino spectra of the two dominant isotopes, ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu, are extracted using the evolution of the prompt spectrum as a function of the isotope fission fractions. In the energy window of 4-6 MeV, a 7% (9%) excess of events is observed for the ^{235}U (^{239}Pu) spectrum compared with the normalized Huber-Mueller model prediction. The significance of discrepancy is 4.0σ for ^{235}U spectral shape compared with the Huber-Mueller model prediction. The shape of the measured inverse beta-decay prompt energy spectrum disagrees with the prediction of the Huber-Mueller model at 5.3σ. In the energy range of 4-6 MeV, a maximal local discrepancy of 6.3σ is observed.

Published
2019

131. Improved measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux at Daya Bay

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chan, YL, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dolgareva, M, Dove, J, Dwyer, DA, Edwards, WR, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Huo, W, Hussain, G, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lebanowski, L, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Lin, SK, Lin, YC, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Loh, CW, Lu, C, and Lu, HQ

Subjects
hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Digestive Diseases
Abstract

This work reports a precise measurement of the reactor antineutrino flux using 2.2 million inverse beta decay (IBD) events collected with the Daya Bay near detectors in 1230 days. The dominant uncertainty on the neutron detection efficiency is reduced by 56% with respect to the previous measurement through a comprehensive neutron calibration and detailed data and simulation analysis. The new average IBD yield is determined to be (5.91±0.09)×10-43 cm2/fission with total uncertainty improved by 29%. The corresponding mean fission fractions from the four main fission isotopes U235, U238, Pu239, and Pu241 are 0.564, 0.076, 0.304, and 0.056, respectively. The ratio of measured to predicted antineutrino yield is found to be 0.952±0.014±0.023 (1.001±0.015±0.027) for the Huber-Mueller (ILL-Vogel) model, where the first and second uncertainty are experimental and theoretical model uncertainty, respectively. This measurement confirms the discrepancy between the world average of reactor antineutrino flux and the Huber-Mueller model.

Published
2019

132. Extraction of the ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu Antineutrino Spectra at Daya Bay.

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dove, J, Dvořák, M, Dwyer, DA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hor, YK, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Lu, C, Lu, HQ, Lu, JS, Luk, KB, and Ma, XB

Subjects
Daya Bay Collaboration, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, General Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract

This Letter reports the first extraction of individual antineutrino spectra from ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu fission and an improved measurement of the prompt energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos at Daya Bay. The analysis uses 3.5×10^{6} inverse beta-decay candidates in four near antineutrino detectors in 1958 days. The individual antineutrino spectra of the two dominant isotopes, ^{235}U and ^{239}Pu, are extracted using the evolution of the prompt spectrum as a function of the isotope fission fractions. In the energy window of 4-6 MeV, a 7% (9%) excess of events is observed for the ^{235}U (^{239}Pu) spectrum compared with the normalized Huber-Mueller model prediction. The significance of discrepancy is 4.0σ for ^{235}U spectral shape compared with the Huber-Mueller model prediction. The shape of the measured inverse beta-decay prompt energy spectrum disagrees with the prediction of the Huber-Mueller model at 5.3σ. In the energy range of 4-6 MeV, a maximal local discrepancy of 6.3σ is observed.

Published
2019

133. PandaX-II constraints on spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon effective interactions

Author

Xia, J, Abdukerim, A, Chen, W, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cui, X, Fang, D, Fu, C, Giboni, K, Giuliani, F, Gu, L, Guo, X, Guo, Z, Han, K, He, C, He, S, Huang, D, Huang, X, Huang, Z, Ji, P, Ji, X, Ju, Y, Li, S, Lin, H, Liu, H, Liu, J, Ma, Y, Mao, Y, Ni, K, Ning, J, Ren, X, Shi, F, Tan, A, Wang, A, Wang, C, Wang, H, Wang, M, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wu, M, Wu, S, Xiao, M, Xie, P, Yan, B, Yang, J, Yang, Y, Yu, C, Yuan, J, Yue, J, Zhang, D, Zhang, H, Zhang, T, Zhao, L, Zheng, Q, Zhou, J, Zhou, N, Zhou, X, and Haxton, WC

Subjects
PandaX-II experiment, WIMP dark matter, Spin-dependent effective interactions, hep-ex, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present PandaX-II constraints on candidate WIMP-nucleon effective interactions involving the nucleon or WIMP spin, including, in addition to standard axial spin-dependent (SD) scattering, various couplings among vector and axial currents, magnetic and electric dipole moments, and tensor interactions. The data set corresponding to a total exposure of 54-ton-days is reanalyzed to determine constraints as a function of the WIMP mass and isospin coupling. We obtain WIMP-nucleon cross section bounds of 1.6×10 −41 cm 2 and 9.0×10 −42 cm 2 (90% c.l.) for neutron-only SD and tensor coupling, respectively, for a mass M WIMP ∼40GeV/c 2 . The SD limits are the best currently available for M WIMP >40GeV/c 2 . We show that PandaX-II has reached a sensitivity sufficient to probe a variety of other candidate spin-dependent interactions at the weak scale.

Published
2019

134. Response to Comment on Daya Bay's definition and use of Delta(m^2_ee)

Author

Collaboration, The Day Bay, Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dove, J, Dvorak, M, Dwyer, DA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hor, YK, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Lin, SK, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Lu, C, Lu, HQ, and Lu, JS

Subjects
hep-ex
Abstract

The Daya Bay Collaboration responds to comments posted by S. Parke and R.Zukanovich Funchal regarding our use of Delta(m^2_ee).

Published
2019

135. Wafer-scale on-chip synthesis and field emission properties of vertically aligned boron nitride based nanofiber arrays

Author

Long, H, Pham, T, Yan, A, Guo, Z, Ishida, H, Shi, W, Turner, S, Gilbert, SM, and Zettl, A

Subjects
Applied Physics, Engineering, Physical Sciences, Technology
Abstract

One dimensional boron nitride (BN) nanomaterials with a high aspect ratio are of great interest due to their unique properties and potential applications. However, BN nanomaterials are generally difficult to synthesize. Here, we describe the creation of arrays of vertically aligned pure BN nanofibers and BN coated carbon nanofibers, fabricated on-chip via a straightforward template-assisted chemical conversion reaction. The template, a glassy carbon nanofiber array, is produced by plasma processing of conventional photoresists. The method is highly controllable, patternable, and scalable, and the final arrays can be fabricated over large areas with a controlled fiber length. We characterize the electron field emission properties of the BN-coated carbon nanofiber array and find a large field enhancement factor, low turn-on voltage, and good stability. The outstanding field emission performance results from the small tip size and high aspect ratio of the nanofiber as well as the high chemical stability and high thermal conductivity of the BN coating.

Published
2019

136. Controlled Doping of Wafer-Scale PtSe2 Films for Device Application

Author

Xu, H, Zhang, H, Liu, Y, Zhang, S, Sun, Y, Guo, Z, Sheng, Y, Wang, X, Luo, C, Wu, X, Wang, J, Hu, W, Xu, Z, Sun, Q, Zhou, P, Shi, J, Sun, Z, Zhang, DW, and Bao, W

Subjects
controlled doping, field effect transistors, PtSe2, transition metal dichalcogenides, Physical Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Materials
Abstract

Semiconductive transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been considered as next generation semiconductors, but to date most device investigations are still based on microscale exfoliation with a low yield. Wafer scale growth of TMDs has been reported but effective doping approaches remain challenging due to their atomically thick nature. This work reports the synthesis of wafer-scale continuous few-layer PtSe2 films with effective doping in a controllable manner. Chemical component analyses confirm that both n-doping and p-doping can be effectively modulated through a controlled selenization process. The electrical properties of PtSe2 films have been systematically studied by fabricating top-gated field effect transistors (FETs). The device current on/off ratio is optimized in two-layer PtSe2 FETs, and four-terminal configuration displays a reasonably high effective field effect mobility (14 and 15 cm2 V−1 s−1 for p-type and n-type FETs, respectively) with a nearly symmetric p-type and n-type performance. Temperature dependent measurement reveals that the variable range hopping is dominant at low temperatures. To further establish feasible application based on controllable doping of PtSe2, a logic inverter and vertically stacked p–n junction arrays are demonstrated. These results validate that PtSe2 is a promising candidate among the family of TMDs for future functional electronic applications.

Published
2019

137. Upscaling of Regional Scale Transport Under Transient Conditions: Evaluation of the Multirate Mass Transfer Model

Author

Guo, Z, Fogg, GE, and Henri, CV

Subjects
Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering
Abstract

Regional scale transport models are needed to support the long-term evaluation of groundwater quality and to develop management strategies aiming to prevent serious groundwater degradation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capacity of a previously developed upscaling approach to adequately describe the main solute transport processes, including the capture of late-time tails under changing boundary conditions. Potential factors that impact the performance of upscaling methods, including temporal variations in mass transfer rates and mass distributions, were investigated. Advective-dispersive contaminant transport in a 3-D heterogeneous domain was simulated and used as a reference solution. The equivalent transport under homogeneous flow conditions was then evaluated by applying the multirate mass transfer (MRMT) model. The random walk particle tracking method was used to solve the solute transport for heterogeneous and homogeneous MRMT scenarios under steady state and transient conditions. The results indicate that the MRMT model can capture the tails satisfactorily for plumes transported with ambient steady state flow fields at all studied scales using the same parameters. However, when the boundary conditions change in either local, plume, or regional scale, the mass transfer model calibrated for transport under steady state conditions cannot accurately reproduce the tailings observed for the heterogeneous scenario. The deteriorating impacts of transient boundary conditions on the upscaled model are more significant for regions where the flow fields are dramatically affected, which highlights the poor applicability of the MRMT approach for complex field settings. This finding also has implications for the suitability of other potential upscaling approaches.

Published
2019

138. A Nomogram for Predicting the Risk of Pulmonary Hypertension for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Author

Wang N, Guo Z, Gong X, Kang S, Cui Z, and Yuan Y

Subjects
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, nomogram, lasso regression, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Ning Wang,1,2 Zhenjiang Guo,3 Xiaowei Gong,1 Shiwei Kang,1 Zhaobo Cui,2 Yadong Yuan1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hengshui People’s Hospital, Hengshui, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hengshui People’s Hospital, Hengshui, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yadong Yuan, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-311-66003989, Email yuanyd1108@163.comBackground: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Timely diagnosis of PH in COPD patients is vital to achieve proper treatment; however, there is no algorithm to identify those at high risk. We aimed to develop a predictive model for PH in patients with COPD that provides individualized risk estimates.Methods: A total of 527 patients with COPD who were admitted to our hospital between May 2019 and December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Using echocardiographic results as a standard, patients were stratified into a moderate- or high-PH probability group and a low-PH probability group. They were randomly grouped into either the training set (n = 368 patients) or validation set (n = 159 patients) in a ratio of 7:3. We utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model to select the feature variables. The characteristic variables selected in the LASSO regression were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression to construct the predictive model. The predictive model was displayed using a nomogram. We used the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate model performance, and internal validation was assessed.Results: The predictive factors included in the prediction model were Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage, emphysema, PaCO2, NT-pro-BNP, red blood cell (RBC) distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The predictive model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.770 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.719– 0.820); in the internal validation, the AUC was 0.741 (95% CI, 0.659– 0.823). The predictive model was well calibrated, and the DCA showed that the proposed nomogram had strong clinical applicability.Conclusion: This study showed that a simple nomogram could be used to calculate the risk of PH in patients with COPD which can be useful for the individualized clinical management of COPD patients who may be occur with PH. Further studies need to be confirmed by larger sample sizes and validated in the stable COPD population.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, nomogram, LASSO regression

Published
2022

139. Nonsynonymous C1653T Mutation of Hepatitis B Virus X Gene Enhances Malignancy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Author

Zhang C, Xie Y, Lai R, Wu J, and Guo Z

Subjects
hcc, hbv, hbx, c1653t mutation, apatinib, vegf, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Cuifang Zhang,1,2 Ying Xie,3 Ruixue Lai,1 Jianhua Wu,4 Zhanjun Guo1 1Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology, The Pingshan County People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Hebei Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 4Animal Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhanjun Guo, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, People’s Republic of China, Tel + 86 311 8609 5734, Fax + 86 311 8609 5237, Email zjguo5886@aliyun.comPurpose: Functional analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism by which hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcome-associated mutation in the hepatitis B virus X (HBx) gene modifies the HCC process.Methods: Proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis assays were performed, and changes in fibrosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cytokine levels were measured. The differences between variables were evaluated by Student’s t-test.Results: The influence of two previously identified nonsynonymous mutation, C1653T and T1753C, on HCC cells was assessed. With regard to HBX-induced promotion of proliferation (p < 0.01), invasion (p < 0.01) and migration (p < 0.01), the C1653T mutation displayed a significant additive effect in these assays (P < 0.05). The subsequent apoptosis assay indicated that HBX could inhibit apoptosis (P < 0.01), whereas the C1653T mutation markedly amplified this effect in HCC cells (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the tumor growth-promoting effect of HBX was confirmed in a mouse xenograft model of HCC (P < 0.05), and the C1653T mutation was observed to amplify this effect (P < 0.05). To further investigate the mechanism by which the C1653T mutation enhances malignancy in HCC cells, fibrosis, intracellular ROS, and cytokine levels were measured. The C1653T mutant increased fibrosis and intracellular ROS level, and altered monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and interleukin-18 expression in HepG2 cells. Drug sensitivity test revealed that the C1653T mutation is sensitive to apatinib treatment and that overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor might be involved in this process.Conclusion: Our data indicate that the C1653T mutation of HBx promotes HCC malignancy by altering the levels of fibrosis, ROS, and some cytokines. This mutation could serve as a potential biomarker for screening HCC patients to determine apatinib treatment efficacy.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: HCC, HBV, HBX, C1653T mutation, apatinib, VEGF

Published
2022

140. Climate Impacts of the Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Volcano.

Author

Yang, Y. Y., Shi, F., Guo, Z. F., Liu, W., Xue, H. H., Zhuo, Z. H., Sun, C. Q., E, C. Y., and Guo, Z. T.

Subjects
VOLCANIC eruptions, EXPLOSIVE volcanic eruptions, ATMOSPHERIC models, VOLCANIC ash, tuff, etc., VOLCANOES, PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, SULFUR
Abstract

The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Volcano is heralded as one of the largest explosive eruptions in the Late Holocene and produced huge quantities of tephra. The petrogeochemical method estimates that the Millennium Eruption emitted up to 45 Tg of sulfur into the atmosphere—more than in the Tambora eruption in 1815 CE, which caused "a year without a summer" across the Northern Hemisphere in 1816 CE. Despite such massive emissions, evidence for this eruption's climate impact in East Asia remains elusive. To explain this contradiction, this study used 67 high‐resolution tree‐ring‐width records from the Northern Hemisphere spanning the past two millennia, complemented by volcanic sensitivity experiments conducted with the Community Earth System Model. Results reveal a prevailing decreasing/negative trend in the proxy records during the potential eruption period, with 945 CE marking the most notable negative anomaly, suggesting that the Millennium Eruption likely occurred in 945 CE rather than 946 CE. Sensitivity experiments, corroborated by proxy records, demonstrate that the Millennium Eruption induced substantial negative temperature anomalies at middle and high latitudes, alongside an increase in Meiyu‐Baiu‐Changma precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and southwestern Japan and a decrease in precipitation in India, northern China, and the South China Sea in the first post‐eruption year. This study offers a novel perspective on the climate impact of the Millennium Eruption, reconciling previous discrepancies regarding its climate impact. Plain Language Summary: About a thousand years ago, the Changbaishan volcano erupted with incredible force, ranking as one of the largest historical eruptions in the past 2000 yrs. Despite its size, evidence for this eruption's climate impact in East Asia has remained elusive. We delved into this mystery by examining detailed high‐resolution proxy records and performing climate model simulations. Our findings suggest that the climate effects of the eruption may have been unexpectedly strong, with the Millennium Eruption potentially occurring in 945 CE that is earlier than previously thought. The Millennium Eruption triggered notable cooling at middle and high latitudes, increased Meiyu‐Baiu‐Changma precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and southwestern Japan, and reduced precipitation in India, northern China, and the South China Sea. This research helps us understand how large volcanic eruptions can interact with other natural factors to influence our climate. Key Points: Sulfur emissions of the Millennium Eruption estimated from a petrogeochemical method are inconsistent with the signal from ice‐core samplesA consistent negative response in the high‐resolution paleoclimate records suggests a significant climate impact of the Millennium EruptionThe eruption enhanced the Meiyu‐Baiu‐Changma precipitation while diminishing precipitation in India, northern China, and the South China Sea [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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141. Measurement of the Electron Antineutrino Oscillation with 1958 Days of Operation at Daya Bay

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chan, YL, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dolgareva, M, Dwyer, DA, Edwards, WR, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Huo, W, Hussain, G, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lebanowski, L, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Lin, SK, Lin, Y-C, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Loh, CW, Lu, C, and Lu, HQ

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Daya Bay Collaboration, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

We report a measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation from the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment with nearly 4 million reactor ν[over ¯]_{e} inverse β decay candidates observed over 1958 days of data collection. The installation of a flash analog-to-digital converter readout system and a special calibration campaign using different source enclosures reduce uncertainties in the absolute energy calibration to less than 0.5% for visible energies larger than 2 MeV. The uncertainty in the cosmogenic ^{9}Li and ^{8}He background is reduced from 45% to 30% in the near detectors. A detailed investigation of the spent nuclear fuel history improves its uncertainty from 100% to 30%. Analysis of the relative ν[over ¯]_{e} rates and energy spectra among detectors yields sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0.0856±0.0029 and Δm_{32}^{2}=(2.471_{-0.070}^{+0.068})×10^{-3}  eV^{2} assuming the normal hierarchy, and Δm_{32}^{2}=-(2.575_{-0.070}^{+0.068})×10^{-3}  eV^{2} assuming the inverted hierarchy.

Published
2018

142. Search for a time-varying electron antineutrino signal at Daya Bay

Author

Adey, D, An, FP, Balantekin, AB, Band, HR, Bishai, M, Blyth, S, Cao, D, Cao, GF, Cao, J, Chang, JF, Chang, Y, Chen, HS, Chen, SM, Chen, Y, Chen, YX, Cheng, J, Cheng, ZK, Cherwinka, JJ, Chu, MC, Chukanov, A, Cummings, JP, Dash, N, Deng, FS, Ding, YY, Diwan, MV, Dohnal, T, Dove, J, Dvořák, M, Dwyer, DA, Gonchar, M, Gong, GH, Gong, H, Gu, WQ, Guo, JY, Guo, L, Guo, XH, Guo, YH, Guo, Z, Hackenburg, RW, Hans, S, He, M, Heeger, KM, Heng, YK, Higuera, A, Hsiung, YB, Hu, BZ, Hu, JR, Hu, T, Hu, ZJ, Huang, HX, Huang, XT, Huang, YB, Huber, P, Jaffe, DE, Jen, KL, Ji, XL, Ji, XP, Johnson, RA, Jones, D, Kang, L, Kettell, SH, Koerner, LW, Kohn, S, Kramer, M, Langford, TJ, Lau, K, Lebanowski, L, Lee, J, Lee, JHC, Lei, RT, Leitner, R, Leung, JKC, Li, C, Li, F, Li, HL, Li, QJ, Li, S, Li, SC, Li, SJ, Li, WD, Li, XN, Li, XQ, Li, YF, Li, ZB, Liang, H, Lin, CJ, Lin, GL, Lin, S, Lin, Y-C, Ling, JJ, Link, JM, Littenberg, L, Littlejohn, BR, Liu, JC, Liu, JL, Liu, Y, Liu, YH, Lu, C, Lu, HQ, and Lu, JS

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

A search for a time-varying νe signal was performed with 621 days of data acquired by the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment over 704 calendar days. The time spectrum of the measured νe flux normalized to its prediction was analyzed with a Lomb-Scargle periodogram, which yielded no significant signal for periods ranging from 2 hours to nearly 2 years. The normalized time spectrum was also fit for a sidereal modulation under the Standard Model Extension (SME) framework to search for Lorentz and CPT violation (LV-CPTV). Limits were obtained for all six flavor pairs ēμ,ēτ, μτ, ēē,μμ and ττ by fitting them one at a time, constituting the first experimental constraints on the latter three. Daya Bay's high statistics and unique layout of multiple directions from three pairs of reactors to three experimental halls allowed the simultaneous constraint of individual SME LV-CPTV coefficients without assuming others contribute negligibly, a first for a neutrino experiment.

Published
2018

147. Emulating the impact of additional proton–proton interactions in the ATLAS simulation by presampling sets of inelastic Monte Carlo events

Author

Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abbott, D. C., Abud, A. Abed, Abeling, K., Abhayasinghe, D. K., Abidi, S. H., AbouZeid, O. S., Abraham, N. L., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Hoffman, A. C. Abusleme, Acharya, B. S., Achkar, B., Adam, L., Bourdarios, C. Adam, Adamczyk, L., Adamek, L., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adorni, S., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agapopoulou, C., Agaras, M. N., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Ahmad, A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W. S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Akatsuka, S., Akbiyik, M., Åkesson, T. P. A., Akilli, E., Akimov, A. V., Khoury, K. Al, Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Verzini, M. J. Alconada, Alderweireldt, S., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, A., Alfonsi, F., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Ali, S., Aliev, M., Alimonti, G., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Camelia, E. Alunno, Estevez, M. Alvarez, Alviggi, M. G., Coutinho, Y. Amaral, Ambler, A., Ambroz, L., Amelung, C., Amidei, D., Santos, S. P. Amor Dos, Amoroso, S., Amrouche, C. S., Anastopoulos, C., Andari, N., Andeen, T., Anders, J. K., Andrean, S. Y., Andreazza, A., Andrei, V., Anelli, C. R., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A. V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M. T., Antipov, E., Antonelli, M., Antrim, D. J. A., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Pozo, J. A. Aparisi, Aparo, M. A., Bella, L. Aperio, Aranzabal, N., Ferraz, V. Araujo, Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A. T. H., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J.-H., Armbruster, A. J., Armstrong, A., Arnaez, O., Arnold, H., Tame, Z. P. Arrubarrena, Artoni, G., Asada, H., Asai, K., Asai, S., Asbah, N. A., Asimakopoulou, E. M., Asquith, L., Assahsah, J., Assamagan, K., Astalos, R., Atkin, R. J., Atkinson, M., Atlay, N. B., Atmani, H., Atmasiddha, P. A., Augsten, K., Austrup, V. A., Avolio, G., Ayoub, M. K., Azuelos, G., Babal, D., Bachacou, H., Bachas, K., Backman, F., Bagnaia, P., Bahrasemani, H., Bailey, A. J., Bailey, V. R., Baines, J. T., Bakalis, C., Baker, O. K., Bakker, P. J., Bakos, E., Gupta, D. Bakshi, Balaji, S., Balasubramanian, R., Baldin, E. M., Balek, P., Balli, F., Balunas, W. K., Balz, J., Banas, E., Bandieramonte, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Barak, L., Barbe, W. M., Barberio, E. L., Barberis, D., Barbero, M., Barbour, G., Barends, K. N., Barillari, T., Barisits, M-S., Barkeloo, J., Barklow, T., Barnett, B. M., Barnett, R. M., Barnovska-Blenessy, Z., Baroncelli, A., Barone, G., Barr, A. J., Navarro, L. Barranco, Barreiro, F., da Costa, J. Barreiro Guimarães, Barron, U., Barsov, S., Bartels, F., Bartoldus, R., Bartolini, G., Barton, A. E., Bartos, P., Basalaev, A., Basan, A., Bassalat, A., Basso, M. J., Basson, C. R., Bates, R. L., Batlamous, S., Batley, J. R., Batool, B., Battaglia, M., Bauce, M., Bauer, F., Bauer, P., Bawa, H. S., Bayirli, A., Beacham, J. B., Beau, T., Beauchemin, P. H., Becherer, F., Bechtle, P., Beck, H. P., Becker, K., Becot, C., Beddall, A. J., Bednyakov, V. A., Bee, C. P., Beermann, T. A., Begalli, M., Begel, M., Behera, A., Behr, J. K., Beirer, J. F., Beisiegel, F., Belfkir, M., Bella, G., Bellagamba, L., Bellerive, A., Bellos, P., Beloborodov, K., Belotskiy, K., Belyaev, N. L., Benchekroun, D., Benekos, N., Benhammou, Y., Benjamin, D. P., Benoit, M., Bensinger, J. R., Bentvelsen, S., Beresford, L., Beretta, M., Berge, D., Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas, Berger, N., Bergmann, B., Bergsten, L. J., Beringer, J., Berlendis, S., Bernardi, G., Bernius, C., Bernlochner, F. U., Berry, T., Berta, P., Berthold, A., Bertram, I. A., Bylund, O. Bessidskaia, Bethke, S., Betti, A., Bevan, A. J., Bhatta, S., Bhattacharya, D. S., Bhattarai, P., Bhopatkar, V. S., Bi, R., Bianchi, R. M., Biebel, O., Bielski, R., Bierwagen, K., Biesuz, N. V., Biglietti, M., Billoud, T. R. V., Bindi, M., Bingul, A., Bini, C., Biondi, S., Birch-sykes, C. J., Birman, M., Bisanz, T., Biswal, J. 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2022
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148. Erratum to: Searches for long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at s = 7 and 8 TeV

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Chatrchyan, S., Khachatryan, V., Sirunyan, A. M., Tumasyan, A., Adam, W., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Erö, J., Fabjan, C., Friedl, M., Frühwirth, R., Ghete, V. M., Hörmann, N., Hrubec, J., Jeitler, M., Kiesenhofer, W., Knünz, V., Krammer, M., Krätschmer, I., Liko, D., Mikulec, I., Rabady, D., Rahbaran, B., Rohringer, C., Rohringer, H., Schöfbeck, R., Strauss, J., Taurok, A., Treberer-Treberspurg, W., Waltenberger, W., Wulz, C.-E., Mossolov, V., Shumeiko, N., Suarez Gonzalez, J., Alderweireldt, S., Bansal, M., Bansal, S., Cornelis, T., De Wolf, E. A., Janssen, X., Knutsson, A., Luyckx, S., Mucibello, L., Ochesanu, S., Roland, B., Rougny, R., Van Haevermaet, H., Van Mechelen, P., Van Remortel, N., Van Spilbeeck, A., Blekman, F., Blyweert, S., D’Hondt, J., Kalogeropoulos, A., Keaveney, J., Maes, M., Olbrechts, A., Tavernier, S., Van Doninck, W., Van Mulders, P., Van Onsem, G. P., Villella, I., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Favart, L., Gay, A. P. R., Hreus, T., Léonard, A., Marage, P. E., Mohammadi, A., Perniè, L., Reis, T., Seva, T., Thomas, L., Vander Velde, C., Vanlaer, P., Wang, J., Adler, V., Beernaert, K., Benucci, L., Cimmino, A., Costantini, S., Dildick, S., Garcia, G., Klein, B., Lellouch, J., Marinov, A., Mccartin, J., Ocampo Rios, A. A., Ryckbosch, D., Sigamani, M., Strobbe, N., Thyssen, F., Tytgat, M., Walsh, S., Yazgan, E., Zaganidis, N., Basegmez, S., Beluffi, C., Bruno, G., Castello, R., Caudron, A., Ceard, L., Delaere, C., du Pree, T., Favart, D., Forthomme, L., Giammanco, A., Hollar, J., Jez, P., Lemaitre, V., Liao, J., Militaru, O., Nuttens, C., Pagano, D., Pin, A., Piotrzkowski, K., Popov, A., Selvaggi, M., Vizan Garcia, J. M., Beliy, N., Caebergs, T., Daubie, E., Hammad, G. H., Alves, G. A., Correa Martins Junior, M., Martins, T., Pol, M. E., Souza, M. H. G., Aldá Júnior, W. L., Carvalho, W., Chinellato, J., Custódio, A., Da Costa, E. 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G., Vernieri, C., Barone, L., Cavallari, F., Del Re, D., Diemoz, M., Grassi, M., Longo, E., Margaroli, F., Meridiani, P., Micheli, F., Nourbakhsh, S., Organtini, G., Paramatti, R., Rahatlou, S., Soffi, L., Amapane, N., Arcidiacono, R., Argiro, S., Arneodo, M., Biino, C., Cartiglia, N., Casasso, S., Costa, M., Demaria, N., Mariotti, C., Maselli, S., Migliore, E., Monaco, V., Musich, M., Obertino, M. M., Ortona, G., Pastrone, N., Pelliccioni, M., Potenza, A., Romero, A., Ruspa, M., Sacchi, R., Solano, A., Staiano, A., Tamponi, U., Belforte, S., Candelise, V., Casarsa, M., Cossutti, F., Della Ricca, G., Gobbo, B., La Licata, C., Marone, M., Montanino, D., Penzo, A., Schizzi, A., Zanetti, A., Kim, T. Y., Nam, S. K., Chang, S., Kim, D. H., Kim, G. N., Kim, J. E., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Park, H., Son, D. C., Kim, J. Y., Kim, Zero J., Song, S., Choi, S., Gyun, D., Hong, B., Jo, M., Kim, H., Kim, T. J., Lee, K. S., Park, S. K., Roh, Y., Choi, M., Kim, J. H., Park, C., Park, I. 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G., Gallinaro, M., Rodrigues Antunes, J., Seixas, J., Varela, J., Vischia, P., Bunin, P., Gavrilenko, M., Golutvin, I., Gorbunov, I., Kamenev, A., Karjavin, V., Konoplyanikov, V., Kozlov, G., Lanev, A., Malakhov, A., Matveev, V., Moisenz, P., Palichik, V., Perelygin, V., Shmatov, S., Skatchkov, N., Smirnov, V., Zarubin, A., Evstyukhin, S., Golovtsov, V., Ivanov, Y., Kim, V., Levchenko, P., Murzin, V., Oreshkin, V., Smirnov, I., Sulimov, V., Uvarov, L., Vavilov, S., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, An., Andreev, Yu., Dermenev, A., Gninenko, S., Golubev, N., Kirsanov, M., Krasnikov, N., Pashenkov, A., Tlisov, D., Toropin, A., Epshteyn, V., Erofeeva, M., Gavrilov, V., Lychkovskaya, N., Popov, V., Safronov, G., Semenov, S., Spiridonov, A., Stolin, V., Vlasov, E., Zhokin, A., Andreev, V., Azarkin, M., Dremin, I., Kirakosyan, M., Leonidov, A., Mesyats, G., Rusakov, S. V., Vinogradov, A., Belyaev, A., Boos, E., Bunichev, V., Dubinin, M., Dudko, L., Ershov, A., Gribushin, A., Klyukhin, V., Kodolova, O., Lokhtin, I., Markina, A., Obraztsov, S., Savrin, V., Snigirev, A., Azhgirey, I., Bayshev, I., Bitioukov, S., Kachanov, V., Kalinin, A., Konstantinov, D., Krychkine, V., Petrov, V., Ryutin, R., Sobol, A., Tourtchanovitch, L., Troshin, S., Tyurin, N., Uzunian, A., Volkov, A., Adzic, P., Ekmedzic, M., Krpic, D., Milosevic, J., Aguilar-Benitez, M., Alcaraz Maestre, J., Battilana, C., Calvo, E., Cerrada, M., Chamizo Llatas, M., Colino, N., De La Cruz, B., Delgado Peris, A., Domínguez Vázquez, D., Fernandez Bedoya, C., Fernández Ramos, J. P., Ferrando, A., Flix, J., Fouz, M. C., Garcia-Abia, P., Gonzalez Lopez, O., Goy Lopez, S., Hernandez, J. M., Josa, M. I., Merino, G., Navarro De Martino, E., Puerta Pelayo, J., Quintario Olmeda, A., Redondo, I., Romero, L., Santaolalla, J., Soares, M. S., Willmott, C., Albajar, C., de Trocóniz, J. 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A., Colafranceschi, S., d’Enterria, D., Dabrowski, A., De Roeck, A., De Visscher, S., Di Guida, S., Dobson, M., Dupont-Sagorin, N., Elliott-Peisert, A., Eugster, J., Funk, W., Georgiou, G., Giffels, M., Gigi, D., Gill, K., Giordano, D., Girone, M., Giunta, M., Glege, F., Gomez-Reino Garrido, R., Gowdy, S., Guida, R., Hammer, J., Hansen, M., Harris, P., Hartl, C., Hinzmann, A., Innocente, V., Janot, P., Karavakis, E., Kousouris, K., Krajczar, K., Lecoq, P., Lee, Y.-J., Lourenço, C., Magini, N., Malberti, M., Malgeri, L., Mannelli, M., Masetti, L., Meijers, F., Mersi, S., Meschi, E., Moser, R., Mulders, M., Musella, P., Nesvold, E., Orsini, L., Palencia Cortezon, E., Perez, E., Perrozzi, L., Petrilli, A., Pfeiffer, A., Pierini, M., Pimiä, M., Piparo, D., Plagge, M., Polese, G., Quertenmont, L., Racz, A., Reece, W., Rolandi, G., Rovelli, C., Rovere, M., Sakulin, H., Santanastasio, F., Schäfer, C., Schwick, C., Segoni, I., Sekmen, S., Sharma, A., Siegrist, P., Silva, P., Simon, M., Sphicas, P., Spiga, D., Stoye, M., Tsirou, A., Veres, G. I., Vlimant, J. R., Wöhri, H. K., Worm, S. D., Zeuner, W. D., Bertl, W., Deiters, K., Erdmann, W., Gabathuler, K., Horisberger, R., Ingram, Q., Kaestli, H. C., König, S., Kotlinski, D., Langenegger, U., Renker, D., Rohe, T., Bachmair, F., Bäni, L., Bortignon, P., Buchmann, M. A., Casal, B., Chanon, N., Deisher, A., Dissertori, G., Dittmar, M., Donegà, M., Dünser, M., Eller, P., Freudenreich, K., Grab, C., Hits, D., Lecomte, P., Lustermann, W., Marini, A. C., Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, P., Mohr, N., Moortgat, F., Nägeli, C., Nef, P., Nessi-Tedaldi, F., Pandolfi, F., Pape, L., Pauss, F., Peruzzi, M., Ronga, F. J., Rossini, M., Sala, L., Sanchez, A. K., Starodumov, A., Stieger, B., Takahashi, M., Tauscher, L., Thea, A., Theofilatos, K., Treille, D., Urscheler, C., Wallny, R., Weber, H. A., Amsler, C., Chiochia, V., Favaro, C., Ivova Rikova, M., Kilminster, B., Millan Mejias, B., Otiougova, P., Robmann, P., Snoek, H., Taroni, S., Tupputi, S., Verzetti, M., Cardaci, M., Chen, K. 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M., Rogerson, S., Rose, A., Seez, C., Sharp, P., Sparrow, A., Tapper, A., Vazquez Acosta, M., Virdee, T., Wakefield, S., Wardle, N., Whyntie, T., Chadwick, M., Cole, J. E., Hobson, P. R., Khan, A., Kyberd, P., Leggat, D., Leslie, D., Martin, W., Reid, I. D., Symonds, P., Teodorescu, L., Turner, M., Dittmann, J., Hatakeyama, K., Kasmi, A., Liu, H., Scarborough, T., Charaf, O., Cooper, S. I., Henderson, C., Rumerio, P., Avetisyan, A., Bose, T., Fantasia, C., Heister, A., Lawson, P., Lazic, D., Rohlf, J., Sperka, D., St. John, J., Sulak, L., Alimena, J., Bhattacharya, S., Christopher, G., Cutts, D., Demiragli, Z., Ferapontov, A., Garabedian, A., Heintz, U., Kukartsev, G., Laird, E., Landsberg, G., Luk, M., Narain, M., Segala, M., Sinthuprasith, T., Speer, T., Breedon, R., Breto, G., Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M., Chauhan, S., Chertok, M., Conway, J., Conway, R., Cox, P. 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Published
2022
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149. Therapeutic Potential of Janus Kinase Inhibitors for the Management of Interstitial Lung Disease

Author

Huo R, Guo Q, Hu J, Li N, Gao R, Mi L, Zhang Z, Liu H, Guo Z, Zhao H, Zhang L, and Xu K

Subjects
interstitial lung disease, janus kinase, signal transducers and activators of transcription, jak inhibitor, animal model., Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Rongxiu Huo,1,&ast; Qianyu Guo,1,&ast; Junping Hu,2 Na Li,1 Rui Gao,1 Liangyu Mi,1 Zhaoliang Zhang,1 Hechao Liu,1 Zhiying Guo,1 Hanxi Zhao,3 Liyun Zhang,1 Ke Xu1 1Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences; Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, People’s Republic of China; 3SILC Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ke Xu, Email zhaoxuke@hotmail.comAbstract: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) refers to a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by lung fibroblast proliferation, interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis-induced lung damage. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is known to be activated by pro-fibrotic/pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-13, whose levels are elevated in ILD. The overexpression of growth factors such as transforming growth factor β 1 in ILD activates the JAK/STAT pathway through classical or non-classical pathways, promotes macrophage activation, increases the release of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrosis factors, and facilitates fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. These findings implicate that the JAK/STAT pathway plays an important role in the course of ILD. Recent evidence also suggests that JAK inhibition alleviates excessive inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Accordingly, the JAK inhibitors may serve as promising drugs for the treatment of JAK/STAT-induced ILD.Keywords: interstitial lung disease, Janus kinase, signal transducers and activators of transcription, JAK inhibitor, animal model

Published
2022

150. Prevalence and Consequences of Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Community People Plotted Against 5-Year Age Strata

Author

Mu R, Qin X, Guo Z, Meng Z, Liu F, Zhuang Z, Zheng W, Li X, Yang P, Feng Y, Jiang Y, and Zhu X

Subjects
cerebral small vessel disease, aging, imaging marker, neuropsychological scales, community-based study, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Ronghua Mu,1,2,&ast; Xiaoyan Qin,2,&ast; Zixuan Guo,1,2,&ast; Zhuoni Meng,1,2 Fuzhen Liu,2 Zeyu Zhuang,1,2 Wei Zheng,1,2 Xin Li,2 Peng Yang,2 Yuling Feng,2 Yanchun Jiang,3 Xiqi Zhu2 1Graduate School of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, 541004, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, 541004, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiqi Zhu, Tel +86 13737399757, Email xiqi.zhu@163.comPurpose: To study the variation tendency of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) imaging markers and total burden with aging and to research the relationship between aging, CSVD markers and cognitive function.Methods: Participants in local urban communities were recruited for neuropsychological and magnetic resonance imaging assessments. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Number Connection Test A (NCT-A) and Digital Symbol Test (DST) were adopted as neuropsychological scale. Age was stratified at 5-year intervals, and the variation tendency of imaging markers and variables of neuropsychological scales in different age groups was studied. We further studied the relationship between aging, image markers and neuropsychological scales by multi-linear regression.Results: Finally, a total of 401 stroke-free participants (age, 54.83± 7.74y; 45.9% were male) were included in the present analysis. With the increase of age, the incidence of imaging markers of CSVD were increased with aging except cerebral microbleeds. The performance results of NCT-A and DST were significant difference in 6 age groups (P < 0.001). In addition, linear decline of the neuropsychological function reflected by NCT-A and DST variables was observed. Linear regression found that age was an independent factor affecting the neuropsychological function reflected by NCT-A and DST variables, and the standard correction coefficients among different age groups increased gradually with age. In addition, brain atrophy is an independent factor affecting neuropsychological variables (odds ratio: − 2.929, 95% CI: [− 5.094 to − 0.765]). There was no correlation between the number of neuroimaging markers and neuropsychological variables after full adjustment.Conclusion: There are many CVSD markers even in younger people, the incidence rate and CVSD marker numbers increase with age. Aging and CSVD may eventually affect cognitive function through brain atrophy.Keywords: cerebral small vessel disease, aging, imaging marker, neuropsychological scales, community-based study

Published
2022

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