140 results on '"Guay, Laura A."'
Search Results
102. Total Lymphocyte Count: Not a Surrogate Marker for Risk of Death in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children
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Musoke, Philippa M, primary, Young, Alicia M, additional, Owor, Maxensia A, additional, Lubega, Irene R, additional, Brown, Elizabeth R, additional, Mmiro, Francis A, additional, Mofenson, Lynne M, additional, Jackson, J Brooks, additional, Fowler, Mary Glenn, additional, and Guay, Laura A, additional
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- 2008
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103. Analysis of Nevirapine Resistance Mutations in Cloned HIV Type 1 Variants from HIV-Infected Ugandan Infants Using a Single-Step Amplification-Sequencing Method (AmpliSeq)
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Ian Towler, William, primary, Church, Jessica D., additional, Eshleman, James R., additional, Fowler, Mary Glenn, additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, and Eshleman, Susan H., additional
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- 2008
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104. Performance of Egocentric Range Estimation in a Laptop Based Virtual Environment
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Lee, W. Sciarini, primary, Kemper, Don, additional, Guay, Laura, additional, and Nicholson, Denise, additional
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- 2008
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105. Safety of and immune response to an HIV-1 Vaccine (ALVAC-HIV vCP1521) in infants born to HIV infected mothers
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Guay, Laura, primary and Mmiro, Francis, additional
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- 2008
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106. The Costs Associated With Adverse Event Procedures for an International HIV Clinical Trial Determined by Activity-Based Costing
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Chou, Victoria B, primary, Omer, Saad B, additional, Hussain, Hamidah, additional, Mugasha, Christine, additional, Musisi, Maria, additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Jackson, J Brooks, additional, and Guay, Laura A, additional
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- 2007
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107. Coreceptor Tropism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype D: High Prevalence of CXCR4 Tropism and Heterogeneous Composition of Viral Populations
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Huang, Wei, primary, Eshleman, Susan H., additional, Toma, Jonathan, additional, Fransen, Signe, additional, Stawiski, Eric, additional, Paxinos, Ellen E., additional, Whitcomb, Jeannette M., additional, Young, Alicia M., additional, Donnell, Deborah, additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, Parkin, Neil T., additional, and Petropoulos, Christos J., additional
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- 2007
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108. Short Communication:HIV Type 1 Variants with Nevirapine Resistance Mutations Are Rarely Detected in Antiretroviral Drug-Naive African Women with Subtypes A, C, and D
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Church, Jessica D., primary, Hudelson, Sarah E., additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Chen, Shu, additional, Hoover, Donald R., additional, Parkin, Neil, additional, Fiscus, Susan A., additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Kumwenda, Newton, additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, Taha, Taha E., additional, and Eshleman, Susan H., additional
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- 2007
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109. Comparison of HIV-1 Mother-to-Child Transmission After Single-Dose Nevirapine Prophylaxis Among African Women With Subtypes A, C, and D
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Eshleman, Susan H., primary, Church, Jessica D., additional, Chen, Shu, additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Mwatha, Anthony, additional, Fiscus, Susan A., additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Kumwenda, Newton, additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, Taha, Taha E., additional, and Hoover, Donald R., additional
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- 2006
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110. Genetic Linkage of Nevirapine Resistance Mutations in HIV Type 1 Seven Days after Single-Dose Nevirapine
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Jones, Dana, primary, Parkin, Neil, additional, Hudelson, Sarah E., additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, and Eshleman, Susan H., additional
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- 2005
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111. Intrapartum and Neonatal Single-Dose Nevirapine Compared With Zidovudine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-Month Follow Up of the HIVNET 012 Randomized Trial
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Jackson, J. Brooks, primary, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Fleming, Thomas, additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Bagenda, Danstan, additional, Allen, Melissa, additional, Nakabiito, Clemensia, additional, Sherman, Joseph, additional, Bakaki, Paul, additional, Owor, Maxensia, additional, Ducar, Contance, additional, Deseyve, Martina, additional, Mwatha, Anthony, additional, Emel, Lynda, additional, Duefield, Corey, additional, Mirochnick, Mark, additional, Fowler, Mary Glenn, additional, Mofenson, Lynne, additional, Miotti, Paolo, additional, Gigllottl, Maria, additional, Bray, Dorothy, additional, and Mmiro, Francis, additional
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- 2004
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112. Characterization of Nevirapine Resistance Mutations in Women With Subtype A Vs. D HIV-1 6???8 Weeks After Single-Dose Nevirapine (HIVNET 012)
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Eshleman, Susan H., primary, Guay, Laura A., additional, Mwatha, Anthony, additional, Brown, Elizabeth R., additional, Cunningham, Shawn P., additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, and Jackson, J. Brooks, additional
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- 2004
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113. Analysis of Length Variation in the V1-V2 Region ofenvin Nonsubtype B HIV Type 1 from Uganda
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Klevytska, Alexandra M., primary, Mracna, Martin R., additional, Guay, Laura, additional, Becker-Pergola, Graziella, additional, Furtado, Manohar, additional, Zhang, Linqi, additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, and Eshleman, Susan H., additional
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- 2002
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114. Identification of Ugandan HIV Type 1 Variants with Unique Patterns of Recombination in pol Involving Subtypes A and D
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Eshleman, Susan H., primary, Gonzales, Matthew J., additional, Becker-Pergola, Graziella, additional, Cunningham, Shawn C., additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, and Shafer, Robert W., additional
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- 2002
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115. Performance of Applied Biosystems ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System for Sequence-Based Analysis of Non-Subtype B Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from Uganda
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Mracna, Martin, primary, Becker-Pergola, Graziella, additional, Dileanis, Joann, additional, Guay, Laura A., additional, Cunningham, Shawn, additional, Jackson, J. Brooks, additional, and Eshleman, Susan H., additional
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- 2001
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116. HIV-1 ICD p24 antigen detection in Ugandan infants: Use in early diagnosis of infection and as a marker of disease progression
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Guay, Laura A., primary, Hom, David L., additional, Kabengera, Sam R., additional, Piwowar-Manning, Estelle M., additional, Kataaha, Peter, additional, Ndugwa, Christopher, additional, Marum, Lawrence H., additional, Kalyesubula, Israel, additional, and Jackson, J. Brooks, additional
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- 2000
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117. HIV Status and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Skin Testing ♦ 876
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Mandalakas, Anna M, primary, Guay, Laura, additional, Musoke, Philippa, additional, Carrol-Pankhurst, Cindy, additional, and Olness, Karen N, additional
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- 1998
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118. Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Ugandan Infants With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection
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Drotar, Dennis, primary, Olness, Karen, additional, Wiznitzer, Max, additional, Guay, Laura, additional, Marum, Lawrence, additional, Svilar, Grace, additional, Hom, David, additional, Fagan, Joseph F., additional, Ndugwa, Christopher, additional, and Kiziri-Mayengo, Rebecca, additional
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- 1997
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119. Hepatitis C virus antibody in HIV-1 infected Ugandan mothers
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Brooks Jackson, J., primary, Guay, Laura, additional, Goldfarb, Johanna, additional, Olness, Karen, additional, Ndugwa, Cristopher, additional, Mmiro, Francis, additional, Kataaha, Peter, additional, and Allain, Jean-Pierre, additional
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- 1991
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120. Quantitative Analysis of HIV-1 Variants With the Ki 03N Resistance Mutation After Single-Dose Nevirapine in Women With HIV-1 Subtypes A, C, and D.
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Flys, Tamara S., Shu Chen, Jones, Dana C., Hoover, Donald R., Church, Jessica D., Fiscus, Susan A., Mwatha, Anthony, Guay, Laura A., Mmiro, Francis, Musoke, Philippa, Kumwenda, Newton, Taha, Taha E., Jackson, J. Brooks, and Eshleman, Susan H.
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- 2006
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121. Sensitive Drug-Resistance Assays Reveal Long-Term Persistence of HIV-1 Variants with the K103N Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance Mutation in Some Women and Infants after the Administration of Single-Dose NVP: HIVNET 012.
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Flys, Tamara, Nissley, Dwight V., Claasen, Cassidy W., Jones, Dana, Chanjuan Shi, Guay, Laura A., Musoke, Philippa, Mmiro, Francis, Strathern, Jeffrey N., Jackson, J. Brooks, Eshleman, James R., and Eshleman, Susan H.
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DRUG resistance ,PHARMACOLOGY ,GENETIC mutation ,GENETICS ,HIV ,ANTIRETROVIRAL agents - Abstract
Background. The HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) 012 trial showed that NVP resistance (NVPR) emerged in some women and children after the administration of single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP). We tested whether K103N-containing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 variants persisted in women and infants 1 year or more after the administration of SD-NVP. Methods. We analyzed samples from 9 women and 5 infants in HIVNET 012 who had NVPR 6-8 weeks after the administration of SD-NVP. Samples were analyzed with the ViroSeq system and with 2 sensitive resistance assays, LigAmp and TyHRT. Results. ViroSeq detected the K103N mutation in 8 of 9 women and in 2 of 5 infants. LigAmp detected the K103N mutation at low levels in 8 of 9 women and in 4 of 5 infants. K103N was not detected by ViroSeq 12- 24 months after the administration of SD-NVP but was detected by LigAmp in 3 of 9 women and in 1 of 5 infants. K103N was also detected in those samples by use of the TyHRT assay. Conclusions. K103N-containing variants persist in some women and infants for 1 year or more after the administration of SD-NVP. Sensitive resistance assays may provide new insight into the impact of antiretroviral drug exposure on HIV-1 evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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122. Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance in Women with HIV-1 Subtype C, Compared with Subtypes A and D, after the Administration of Single-Dose NVP.
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Eshleman, Susan H., Hoover, Donald R., Shu Chen, Hudelson, Sarah E., Guay, Laura A., Mwatha, Anthony, Fiscus, Susan A., Mmiro, Francis, Musoke, Philippa, Jackson, J. Brooks, Kumwenda, Newton, and Taha Taha
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HIV-positive women ,GENETIC mutation ,BIOLOGICAL variation ,GENOTYPE-environment interaction ,CLINICAL trials ,CLINICAL medicine research - Abstract
Objective. In the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) 012 trial in Uganda, 6-8 weeks after single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP), NVP resistance mutations were detected at a higher rate in women with HIV- 1 subtype D than in women with subtype A. Here, we evaluate the rate of NVP resistance mutations in women with subtype C. Methods. NVP resistance mutations were detected using the Viro Seq HIV-1 Genotyping System. Results. The portion of women with any NVP resistance mutation was higher in those with subtype C (45/ 65 [69.2%] in the NVP and zidovudine trial, Malawi) than in those in the HIVNET 012 trial with either subtype A (28/144 [19.4%]; P<.0001) or subtype D (35/97 [36.1%]; P<.0001). In a multivariate model, subtype (C vs. A: odds ratio [OR], 8.73 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 4.29-17.76]; C vs. D: OR, 3.38 [95% CI, 1.65-6.93]) and viral load at delivery (OR, 2.35 [95% CI, 1.62-3.40]) independently predicted NVP resistance mutations, but maternal age, parity, and time between SD-NVP and the 6-8-week visit did not. Conclusions. The rate of NVP resistance mutations after SD-NVP was significantly higher in women with HIV- 1 subtype C than in women with subtype A or D. Studies are needed to assess the clinical significance of this finding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2005
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123. Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Subtype on Women Receiving Single-Dose Nevirapine Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV-1 Vertical Transmission (HIV Network for Prevention Trials 012 Study).
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Eshleman, Susan H., Becker-Pergola, Graziella, Deseyve, Martina, Guay, Laura A., Mracna, Martin, Fleming, Thomas, Cunningham, Shawn, Musoke, Philippa, Mmiro, Francis, and Jackson, J. Brooks
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VIRAL diseases in pregnancy ,MATERNAL-fetal exchange ,HIV - Abstract
In Uganda, the HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) 012 study recently demonstrated that single-dose nevirapine (Nvp) prophylaxis is effective for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This exploratory study examines the relationship between HIV-1 subtype, MTCT, and the development of Nvp resistance (Nvp[sup R]) in women enrolled in HIVNET 012. For 102 women (32 whose infants were HIV-1 infected by age 6–8 weeks and 70 whose infants were uninfected), HIV-1 subtypes included 50 (49%) subtype A, 35 (34%) subtype D, 4 (4%) subtype C, 12 (12%) recombinant subtype, and 1 unclassified. There was no apparent difference in the rate of MTCT among women with subtype A versus D (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45–3.43). Nvp[sup R] mutations were detected more frequently at 6–8 weeks postpartum in women with subtype D than in women with subtype A (adjusted OR, 4.94; 95% CI, 1.21–20.22). Additional studies are needed to further define the relationship between HIV-1 subtype and Nvp[sup R] among women receiving Nvp prophylaxis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2001
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124. Efficacy and safety of an extended nevirapine regimen in infant children of breastfeeding mothers with HIV-1 infection for prevention of postnatal HIV-1 transmission (HPTN 046): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
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Coovadia, Hoosen M, Brown, Elizabeth R, Fowler, Mary Glenn, Chipato, Tsungai, Moodley, Dhayendre, Manji, Karim, Musoke, Philippa, Stranix-Chibanda, Lynda, Chetty, Vani, Fawzi, Wafaie, Nakabiito, Clemensia, Msweli, Lindiwe, Kisenge, Roderick, Guay, Laura, Mwatha, Anthony, Lynn, Diana J, Eshleman, Susan H, Richardson, Paul, George, Kathleen, Andrew, Philip, Mofenson, Lynne M, Zwerski, Sheryl, and Maldonado, Yvonne
- Abstract
Nevirapine given once-daily for the first 6, 14, or 28 weeks of life to infants exposed to HIV-1 via breastfeeding reduces transmission through this route compared with single-dose nevirapine at birth or neonatally. We aimed to assess incremental safety and efficacy of extension of such prophylaxis to 6 months.
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- 2012
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125. We've Made Great Strides but More is Needed in Pediatric AIDS Research.
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Guay, Laura
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AIDS in children ,HIV-positive persons ,IMMUNOLOGIC diseases in children ,VIRAL diseases in children - Abstract
The article offers information on the need to focus more on research for pediatric AIDS. It cites the report from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) on the global AIDS epidemic which reflects increased momentum toward the elimination of pediatric HIV and AIDS worldwide. However, there were still about 370,000 new pediatric infections in 2009 despite the success.
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- 2011
126. Analysis of Length Variation in the V1-V2 Region of env in Nonsubtype B HIV Type 1 from Uganda
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Klevytska, Alexandra M., Mracna, Martin R., Guay, Laura, Becker-Pergola, Graziella, Furtado, Manohar, Zhang, Linqi, Jackson, J. Brooks, and Eshleman, Susan H.
- Abstract
We optimized an assay for analysis of length variation in the V1-V2 region of HIV-1 env in plasma samples from Uganda. V1-V2 env length variation was analyzed in 31 plasma samples containing subtype A, C, D, or A/D recombinant HIV-1. DNA corresponding to the V1-V2 region was amplified by nested PCR. One of the primers in the second step of the PCR was fluorescently labeled. Successful amplification was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. V1-V2 length variation of PCR products was analyzed with an ABI PRISM 3100 genetic analyzer and GeneScan software. A diversity score was generated for each sample on the basis of the degree of fragment length variation. The V1-V2 region was successfully amplified from 30 of 31 samples. Fragment length analysis was successful for all of those 30 samples. The diversity score and lengths of V1-V2 fragments were unique for each sample. This assay can be used for analysis of V1-V2 length variation in subtypes commonly found in Uganda. This assay may be helpful for studies examining the impact of env length diversity on HIV-1 transmission and pathogenesis in regions where these subtypes are prevalent.
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- 2002
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127. Erratum to: Sensitive Drug-Resistance Assays Reveal Long-Term Persistence of HIV-1 Variants with the K103N Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance Mutation in Some Women and Infants after the Administration of Single-Dose NVP: HIVNET 012.
- Author
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Flys, Tamara, Nissley, Dwight V, Claasen, Cassidy W, Jones, Dana, Shi, Chanjuan, Guay, Laura A, Musoke, Philippa, Mmiro, Francis, Strathern, Jeffrey N, Jackson, J Brooks, Eshleman, James R, and Eshleman, Susan H
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NEVIRAPINE ,INFANTS ,PERSISTENCE ,MANAGEMENT - Published
- 2020
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128. Proceedings of the 3rd Biennial Conference of the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) 2015: advancing efficient methodologies through community partnerships and team science
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Lewis, Cara, Darnell, Doyanne, Kerns, Suzanne, Monroe-DeVita, Maria, Landes, Sara J., Lyon, Aaron R., Stanick, Cameo, Dorsey, Shannon, Locke, Jill, Marriott, Brigid, Puspitasari, Ajeng, Dorsey, Caitlin, Hendricks, Karin, Pierson, Andria, Fizur, Phil, Comtois, Katherine A., Palinkas, Lawrence A., Chamberlain, Patricia, Aarons, Gregory A., Green, Amy E., Ehrhart, Mark. G., Trott, Elise M., Willging, Cathleen E., Fernandez, Maria E., Woolf, Nicholas H., Liang, Shuting Lily, Heredia, Natalia I., Kegler, Michelle, Risendal, Betsy, Dwyer, Andrea, Young, Vicki, Campbell, Dayna, Carvalho, Michelle, Kellar-Guenther, Yvonne, Damschroder, Laura J., Lowery, Julie C., Ono, Sarah S., Carlson, Kathleen F., Cottrell, Erika K., O’Neil, Maya E., Lovejoy, Travis L., Arch, Joanna J., Mitchell, Jill L., Lewis, Cara C., Marriott, Brigid R., Scott, Kelli, Coldiron, Jennifer Schurer, Bruns, Eric J., Hook, Alyssa N., Graham, Benjamin C., Jordan, Katelin, Hanson, Rochelle F., Moreland, Angela, Saunders, Benjamin E., Resnick, Heidi S., Stirman, Shannon Wiltsey, Gutner, Cassidy A., Gamarra, Jennifer, Vogt, Dawne, Suvak, Michael, Wachen, Jennifer Schuster, Dondanville, Katherine, Yarvis, Jeffrey S., Mintz, Jim, Peterson, Alan L., Borah, Elisa V., Litz, Brett T., Molino, Alma, McCaughan, Stacey Young, Resick, Patricia A., Pandhi, Nancy, Jacobson, Nora, Serrano, Neftali, Hernandez, Armando, Schreiter, Elizabeth Zeidler, Wietfeldt, Natalie, Karp, Zaher, Pullmann, Michael D., Lucenko, Barbara, Pavelle, Bridget, Uomoto, Jacqueline A., Negrete, Andrea, Cevasco, Molly, Kerns, Suzanne E. U., Franks, Robert P., Bory, Christopher, Miech, Edward J., Damush, Teresa M., Satterfield, Jason, Satre, Derek, Wamsley, Maria, Yuan, Patrick, O’Sullivan, Patricia, Best, Helen, Velasquez, Susan, Barnett, Miya, Brookman-Frazee, Lauren, Regan, Jennifer, Stadnick, Nicole, Hamilton, Alison, Lau, Anna, Roesch, Scott, Powell, Byron J., Waltz, Thomas J., Chinman, Matthew J., Damschroder, Laura, Smith, Jeffrey L., Matthieu, Monica M., Proctor, Enola K., Kirchner, JoAnn E., Matthieu, Monica J., Rosen, Craig S., Walker, Sarah C., Bishop, Asia S., Lockhart, Mariko, Rodriguez, Allison L., Manfredi, Luisa, Nevedal, Andrea, Rosenthal, Joel, Blonigen, Daniel M., Mauricio, Anne M., Dishion, Thomas D., Rudo-Stern, Jenna, Smith, Justin D., Wolk, Courtney Benjamin, Harker, Colleen, Olsen, Anne, Shingledecker, Travis, Barg, Frances, Mandell, David, Beidas, Rinad S., Hansen, Marissa C., Aranda, Maria P., Torres-Vigil, Isabel, Hartzler, Bryan, Steinfeld, Bradley, Gildred, Tory, Harlin, Zandrea, Shephard, Fredric, Ditty, Matthew S., Doyle, Andrea, Bickel, John A., Cristaudo, Katharine, Fox, Dan, Combs, Sonia, Lischner, David H., Van Dorn, Richard A., Tueller, Stephen J., Hinde, Jesse M., Karuntzos, Georgia T., Peterson, Roselyn, Berliner, Lucy, Murray, Laura K., Botanov, Yevgeny, Kikuta, Beverly, Chen, Tianying, Navarro-Haro, Marivi, DuBose, Anthony, Korslund, Kathryn E., Linehan, Marsha M., Harker, Colleen M., Karp, Elizabeth A., Edmunds, Sarah R., Ibañez, Lisa V., Stone, Wendy L., Andrews, Jack H., Johnides, Benjamin D., Hausman, Estee M., Hawley, Kristin M., Prusaczyk, Beth, Ramsey, Alex, Baumann, Ana, Colditz, Graham, Choy-Brown, Mimi, Meza, Rosemary D., Wiltsey-Stirman, Shannon, Sedlar, Georganna, Lucid, Leah, Zounlome, Nelson, Monson, Candice M., Shields, Norman, Mastlej, Marta, Landy, Meredith SH, Lane, Jeanine, Finn, Natalie K., Torres, Elisa M., Malte, Carol A., Lott, Aline, Saxon, Andrew J., Boyd, Meredith, Pierce, Jennifer D., Lorthios-Guilledroit, Agathe, Richard, Lucie, Filiatrault, Johanne, Hallgren, Kevin, Crotwell, Shirley, Muñoz, Rosa, Gius, Becky, Ladd, Benjamin, McCrady, Barbara, Epstein, Elizabeth, Clapp, John D., Ruderman, Danielle E., Barwick, Melanie, Barac, Raluca, Zlotkin, Stanley, Salim, Laila, Davidson, Marnie, Bunger, Alicia C., Robertson, Hillary A., Botsko, Christopher, Smith, Brandy N., Trent, Lindsay R., Harned, Melanie S., Ivanoff, André, Garcia, Antonio R., Kim, Minseop, Snowden, Lonnie, Landsverk, John, Sweetland, Annika C., Fernandes, Maria Jose, Santos, Edilson, Duarte, Cristiane, Kritski, Afrânio, Krawczyk, Noa, Nelligan, Caitlin, Wainberg, Milton L., Sommerfeld, David H., Chi, Benjamin, Ezeanolue, Echezona, Sturke, Rachel, Kline, Lydia, Guay, Laura, Siberry, George, Bennett, Ian M., Beidas, Rinad, Gold, Rachel, Mao, Johnny, Powers, Diane, Vredevoogd, Mindy, Unutzer, Jurgen, Schroeder, Jennifer, Volpe, Lane, Steffen, Julie, Pullmann, Michael D, Jungbluth, Nathaniel, Thompson, Kelly, Segell, Eliza, McGee-Vincent, Pearl, Liu, Nancy, Walser, Robyn, Runnals, Jennifer, Shaw, R. Keith, Rosen, Craig, Schmidt, Janet, Calhoun, Patrick, Varkovitzky, Ruth L., Drahota, Amy, Martinez, Jonathan I., Brikho, Brigitte, Meza, Rosemary, Stahmer, Aubyn C., Williamson, Anna, Rubin, Ronnie M., Hurford, Matthew O., Weaver, Shawna L., Mandell, David S., Evans, Arthur C., Stewart, Rebecca E., Matlin, Samantha L., Weaver, Shawna, Hadley, Trevor R., Gerke, Donald R., Lewis, Ericka M., McWilliam, Jenna, Brown, Jacquie, Tucker, Michelle, Conte, Kathleen P, Melvin, Abigail, Liu, Freda, Kotte, Amelia, Hill, Kaitlin A., Mah, Albert C., Korathu-Larson, Priya A., Au, Janelle R., Izmirian, Sonia, Keir, Scott, Nakamura, Brad J., Higa-McMillan, Charmaine K., Cooper, Brittany Rhoades, Funaiole, Angie, Dizon, Eleanor, Hawkins, Eric J., Hagedorn, Hildi J., Berger, Douglas, Frank, Anissa, Achtmeyer, Carol E., Mariano, Anthony J., Wolitzky-Taylor, Kate, Rawson, Richard, Ries, Richard, Roy-Byrne, Peter, Craske, Michelle, Simmons, Dena, Torrente, Catalina, Nathanson, Lori, Carroll, Grace, Brown, Kimbree, Ramos, Karina, Thornton, Nicole, Dishion, Thomas J., Stormshak, Elizabeth A., Shaw, Daniel S., Wilson, Melvin N., Tiderington, Emmy, Smith, Bikki Tran, Padgett, Deborah K., Ray, Marilyn L., Wandersman, Abraham, Lamont, Andrea, Hannah, Gordon, Alia, Kassandra A., Saldana, Lisa, Schaper, Holle, Campbell, Mark, Shapiro, Valerie B., Kim, B.K. Elizabeth, Fleming, Jennifer L., LeBuffe, Paul A., Comtois, Katherine Anne, Weiner, Bryan J., and Halko, Heather
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Medicine(all) ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Meeting Abstracts - Abstract
Table of contents Introduction to the 3rd Biennial Conference of the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration: advancing efficient methodologies through team science and community partnerships Cara Lewis, Doyanne Darnell, Suzanne Kerns, Maria Monroe-DeVita, Sara J. Landes, Aaron R. Lyon, Cameo Stanick, Shannon Dorsey, Jill Locke, Brigid Marriott, Ajeng Puspitasari, Caitlin Dorsey, Karin Hendricks, Andria Pierson, Phil Fizur, Katherine A. Comtois A1: A behavioral economic perspective on adoption, implementation, and sustainment of evidence-based interventions Lawrence A. Palinkas A2: Towards making scale up of evidence-based practices in child welfare systems more efficient and affordable Patricia Chamberlain A3: Mixed method examination of strategic leadership for evidence-based practice implementation Gregory A. Aarons, Amy E. Green, Mark. G. Ehrhart, Elise M. Trott, Cathleen E. Willging A4: Implementing practice change in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Learning from leaders’ experiences Maria E. Fernandez, Nicholas H. Woolf, Shuting (Lily) Liang, Natalia I. Heredia, Michelle Kegler, Betsy Risendal, Andrea Dwyer, Vicki Young, Dayna Campbell, Michelle Carvalho, Yvonne Kellar-Guenther A3: Mixed method examination of strategic leadership for evidence-based practice implementation Gregory A. Aarons, Amy E. Green, Mark. G. Ehrhart, Elise M. Trott, Cathleen E. Willging A4: Implementing practice change in Federally Qualified Health Centers: Learning from leaders’ experiences Maria E. Fernandez, Nicholas H. Woolf, Shuting (Lily) Liang, Natalia I. Heredia, Michelle Kegler, Betsy Risendal, Andrea Dwyer, Vicki Young, Dayna Campbell, Michelle Carvalho, Yvonne Kellar-Guenther A5: Efficient synthesis: Using qualitative comparative analysis and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research across diverse studies Laura J. Damschroder, Julie C. Lowery A6: Establishing a veterans engagement group to empower patients and inform Veterans Affairs (VA) health services research Sarah S. Ono, Kathleen F. Carlson, Erika K. Cottrell, Maya E. O’Neil, Travis L. Lovejoy A7: Building patient-practitioner partnerships in community oncology settings to implement behavioral interventions for anxious and depressed cancer survivors Joanna J. Arch, Jill L. Mitchell A8: Tailoring a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy implementation protocol using mixed methods, conjoint analysis, and implementation teams Cara C. Lewis, Brigid R. Marriott, Kelli Scott A9: Wraparound Structured Assessment and Review (WrapSTAR): An efficient, yet comprehensive approach to Wraparound implementation evaluation Jennifer Schurer Coldiron, Eric J. Bruns, Alyssa N. Hook A10: Improving the efficiency of standardized patient assessment of clinician fidelity: A comparison of automated actor-based and manual clinician-based ratings Benjamin C. Graham, Katelin Jordan A11: Measuring fidelity on the cheap Rochelle F. Hanson, Angela Moreland, Benjamin E. Saunders, Heidi S. Resnick A12: Leveraging routine clinical materials to assess fidelity to an evidence-based psychotherapy Shannon Wiltsey Stirman, Cassidy A. Gutner, Jennifer Gamarra, Dawne Vogt, Michael Suvak, Jennifer Schuster Wachen, Katherine Dondanville, Jeffrey S. Yarvis, Jim Mintz, Alan L. Peterson, Elisa V. Borah, Brett T. Litz, Alma Molino, Stacey Young McCaughanPatricia A. Resick A13: The video vignette survey: An efficient process for gathering diverse community opinions to inform an intervention Nancy Pandhi, Nora Jacobson, Neftali Serrano, Armando Hernandez, Elizabeth Zeidler- Schreiter, Natalie Wietfeldt, Zaher Karp A14: Using integrated administrative data to evaluate implementation of a behavioral health and trauma screening for children and youth in foster care Michael D. Pullmann, Barbara Lucenko, Bridget Pavelle, Jacqueline A. Uomoto, Andrea Negrete, Molly Cevasco, Suzanne E. U. Kerns A15: Intermediary organizations as a vehicle to promote efficiency and speed of implementation Robert P. Franks, Christopher Bory A16: Applying the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research constructs directly to qualitative data: The power of implementation science in action Edward J. Miech, Teresa M. Damush A17: Efficient and effective scaling-up, screening, brief interventions, and referrals to treatment (SBIRT) training: a snowball implementation model Jason Satterfield, Derek Satre, Maria Wamsley, Patrick Yuan, Patricia O’Sullivan A18: Matching models of implementation to system needs and capacities: addressing the human factor Helen Best, Susan Velasquez A19: Agency characteristics that facilitate efficient and successful implementation efforts Miya Barnett, Lauren Brookman-Frazee, Jennifer Regan, Nicole Stadnick, Alison Hamilton, Anna Lau A20: Rapid assessment process: Application to the Prevention and Early Intervention transformation in Los Angeles County Jennifer Regan, Alison Hamilton, Nicole Stadnick, Miya Barnett, Anna Lau, Lauren Brookman-Frazee A21: The development of the Evidence-Based Practice-Concordant Care Assessment: An assessment tool to examine treatment strategies across practices Nicole Stadnick, Anna Lau, Miya Barnett, Jennifer Regan, Scott Roesch, Lauren Brookman-Frazee A22: Refining a compilation of discrete implementation strategies and determining their importance and feasibility Byron J. Powell, Thomas J. Waltz, Matthew J. Chinman, Laura Damschroder, Jeffrey L. Smith, Monica M. Matthieu, Enola K. Proctor, JoAnn E. Kirchner A23: Structuring complex recommendations: Methods and general findings Thomas J. Waltz, Byron J. Powell, Matthew J. Chinman, Laura J. Damschroder, Jeffrey L. Smith, Monica J. Matthieu, Enola K. Proctor, JoAnn E. Kirchner A24: Implementing prolonged exposure for post-traumatic stress disorder in the Department of Veterans Affairs: Expert recommendations from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project Monica M. Matthieu, Craig S. Rosen, Thomas J. Waltz, Byron J. Powell, Matthew J. Chinman, Laura J. Damschroder, Jeffrey L. Smith, Enola K. Proctor, JoAnn E. Kirchner A25: When readiness is a luxury: Co-designing a risk assessment and quality assurance process with violence prevention frontline workers in Seattle, WA Sarah C. Walker, Asia S. Bishop, Mariko Lockhart A26: Implementation potential of structured recidivism risk assessments with justice- involved veterans: Qualitative perspectives from providers Allison L. Rodriguez, Luisa Manfredi, Andrea Nevedal, Joel Rosenthal, Daniel M. Blonigen A27: Developing empirically informed readiness measures for providers and agencies for the Family Check-Up using a mixed methods approach Anne M. Mauricio, Thomas D. Dishion, Jenna Rudo-Stern, Justin D. Smith A28: Pebbles, rocks, and boulders: The implementation of a school-based social engagement intervention for children with autism Jill Locke, Courtney Benjamin Wolk, Colleen Harker, Anne Olsen, Travis Shingledecker, Frances Barg, David Mandell, Rinad S. Beidas A29: Problem Solving Teletherapy (PST.Net): A stakeholder analysis examining the feasibility and acceptability of teletherapy in community based aging services Marissa C. Hansen, Maria P. Aranda, Isabel Torres-Vigil A30: A case of collaborative intervention design eventuating in behavior therapy sustainment and diffusion Bryan Hartzler A31: Implementation of suicide risk prevention in an integrated delivery system: Mental health specialty services Bradley Steinfeld, Tory Gildred, Zandrea Harlin, Fredric Shephard A32: Implementation team, checklist, evaluation, and feedback (ICED): A step-by-step approach to Dialectical Behavior Therapy program implementation Matthew S. Ditty, Andrea Doyle, John A. Bickel III, Katharine Cristaudo A33: The challenges in implementing muliple evidence-based practices in a community mental health setting Dan Fox, Sonia Combs A34: Using electronic health record technology to promote and support evidence-based practice assessment and treatment intervention David H. Lischner A35: Are existing frameworks adequate for measuring implementation outcomes? Results from a new simulation methodology Richard A. Van Dorn, Stephen J. Tueller, Jesse M. Hinde, Georgia T. Karuntzos A36: Taking global local: Evaluating training of Washington State clinicians in a modularized cogntive behavioral therapy approach designed for low-resource settings Maria Monroe-DeVita, Roselyn Peterson, Doyanne Darnell, Lucy Berliner, Shannon Dorsey, Laura K. Murray A37: Attitudes toward evidence-based practices across therapeutic orientations Yevgeny Botanov, Beverly Kikuta, Tianying Chen, Marivi Navarro-Haro, Anthony DuBose, Kathryn E. Korslund, Marsha M. Linehan A38: Predicting the use of an evidence-based intervention for autism in birth-to-three programs Colleen M. Harker, Elizabeth A. Karp, Sarah R. Edmunds, Lisa V. Ibañez, Wendy L. Stone A39: Supervision practices and improved fidelity across evidence-based practices: A literature review Mimi Choy-Brown A40: Beyond symptom tracking: clinician perceptions of a hybrid measurement feedback system for monitoring treatment fidelity and client progress Jack H. Andrews, Benjamin D. Johnides, Estee M. Hausman, Kristin M. Hawley A41: A guideline decision support tool: From creation to implementation Beth Prusaczyk, Alex Ramsey, Ana Baumann, Graham Colditz, Enola K. Proctor A42: Dabblers, bedazzlers, or total makeovers: Clinician modification of a common elements cognitive behavioral therapy approach Rosemary D. Meza, Shannon Dorsey, Shannon Wiltsey-Stirman, Georganna Sedlar, Leah Lucid A43: Characterization of context and its role in implementation: The impact of structure, infrastructure, and metastructure Caitlin Dorsey, Brigid Marriott, Nelson Zounlome, Cara Lewis A44: Effects of consultation method on implementation of cognitive processing therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder Cassidy A. Gutner, Candice M. Monson, Norman Shields, Marta Mastlej, Meredith SH Landy, Jeanine Lane, Shannon Wiltsey Stirman A45: Cross-validation of the Implementation Leadership Scale factor structure in child welfare service organizations Natalie K. Finn, Elisa M. Torres, Mark. G. Ehrhart, Gregory A. Aarons A46: Sustainability of integrated smoking cessation care in Veterans Affairs posttraumatic stress disorder clinics: A qualitative analysis of focus group data from learning collaborative participants Carol A. Malte, Aline Lott, Andrew J. Saxon A47: Key characteristics of effective mental health trainers: The creation of the Measure of Effective Attributes of Trainers (MEAT) Meredith Boyd, Kelli Scott, Cara C. Lewis A48: Coaching to improve teacher implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) Jennifer D. Pierce A49: Factors influencing the implementation of peer-led health promotion programs targeting seniors: A literature review Agathe Lorthios-Guilledroit, Lucie Richard, Johanne Filiatrault A50: Developing treatment fidelity rating systems for psychotherapy research: Recommendations and lessons learned Kevin Hallgren, Shirley Crotwell, Rosa Muñoz, Becky Gius, Benjamin Ladd, Barbara McCrady, Elizabeth Epstein A51: Rapid translation of alcohol prevention science John D. Clapp, Danielle E. Ruderman A52: Factors implicated in successful implementation: evidence to inform improved implementation from high and low-income countries Melanie Barwick, Raluca Barac, Stanley Zlotkin, Laila Salim, Marnie Davidson A53: Tracking implementation strategies prospectively: A practical approach Alicia C. Bunger, Byron J. Powell, Hillary A. Robertson A54: Trained but not implementing: the need for effective implementation planning tools Christopher Botsko A55: Evidence, context, and facilitation variables related to implementation of Dialectical Behavior Therapy: Qualitative results from a mixed methods inquiry in the Department of Veterans Affairs Sara J. Landes, Brandy N. Smith, Allison L. Rodriguez, Lindsay R. Trent, Monica M. Matthieu A56: Learning from implementation as usual in children’s mental health Byron J. Powell, Enola K. Proctor A57: Rates and predictors of implementation after Dialectical Behavior Therapy Intensive Training Melanie S. Harned, Marivi Navarro-Haro, Kathryn E. Korslund, Tianying Chen, Anthony DuBose, André Ivanoff, Marsha M. Linehan A58: Socio-contextual determinants of research evidence use in public-youth systems of care Antonio R. Garcia, Minseop Kim, Lawrence A. Palinkas, Lonnie Snowden, John Landsverk A59: Community resource mapping to integrate evidence-based depression treatment in primary care in Brazil: A pilot project Annika C. Sweetland, Maria Jose Fernandes, Edilson Santos, Cristiane Duarte, Afrânio Kritski, Noa Krawczyk, Caitlin Nelligan, Milton L. Wainberg A60: The use of concept mapping to efficiently identify determinants of implementation in the National Institute of Health--President’s Emergent Plan for AIDS Relief Prevention of Mother to Child HIV Transmission Implementation Science Alliance Gregory A. Aarons, David H. Sommerfeld, Benjamin Chi, Echezona Ezeanolue, Rachel Sturke, Lydia Kline, Laura Guay, George Siberry A61: Longitudinal remote consultation for implementing collaborative care for depression Ian M. Bennett, Rinad Beidas, Rachel Gold, Johnny Mao, Diane Powers, Mindy Vredevoogd, Jurgen Unutzer A62: Integrating a peer coach model to support program implementation and ensure long- term sustainability of the Incredible Years in community-based settings Jennifer Schroeder, Lane Volpe, Julie Steffen A63: Efficient sustainability: Existing community based supervisors as evidence-based treatment supports Shannon Dorsey, Michael D Pullmann, Suzanne E. U. Kerns, Nathaniel Jungbluth, Lucy Berliner, Kelly Thompson, Eliza Segell A64: Establishment of a national practice-based implementation network to accelerate adoption of evidence-based and best practices Pearl McGee-Vincent, Nancy Liu, Robyn Walser, Jennifer Runnals, R. Keith Shaw, Sara J. Landes, Craig Rosen, Janet Schmidt, Patrick Calhoun A65: Facilitation as a mechanism of implementation in a practice-based implementation network: Improving care in a Department of Veterans Affairs post-traumatic stress disorder outpatient clinic Ruth L. Varkovitzky, Sara J. Landes A66: The ACT SMART Toolkit: An implementation strategy for community-based organizations providing services to children with autism spectrum disorder Amy Drahota, Jonathan I. Martinez, Brigitte Brikho, Rosemary Meza, Aubyn C. Stahmer, Gregory A. Aarons A67: Supporting Policy In Health with Research: An intervention trial (SPIRIT) - protocol and early findings Anna Williamson A68: From evidence based practice initiatives to infrastructure: Lessons learned from a public behavioral health system’s efforts to promote evidence based practices Ronnie M. Rubin, Byron J. Powell, Matthew O. Hurford, Shawna L. Weaver, Rinad S. Beidas, David S. Mandell, Arthur C. Evans A69: Applying the policy ecology model to Philadelphia’s behavioral health transformation efforts Byron J. Powell, Rinad S. Beidas, Ronnie M. Rubin, Rebecca E. Stewart, Courtney Benjamin Wolk, Samantha L. Matlin, Shawna Weaver, Matthew O. Hurford, Arthur C. Evans, Trevor R. Hadley, David S. Mandell A70: A model for providing methodological expertise to advance dissemination and implementation of health discoveries in Clinical and Translational Science Award institutions Donald R. Gerke, Beth Prusaczyk, Ana Baumann, Ericka M. Lewis, Enola K. Proctor A71: Establishing a research agenda for the Triple P Implementation Framework Jenna McWilliam, Jacquie Brown, Michelle Tucker A72: Cheap and fast, but what is “best?”: Examining implementation outcomes across sites in a state-wide scaled-up evidence-based walking program, Walk With Ease Kathleen P Conte A73: Measurement feedback systems in mental health: Initial review of capabilities and characteristics Aaron R. Lyon, Meredith Boyd, Abigail Melvin, Cara C. Lewis, Freda Liu, Nathaniel Jungbluth A74: A qualitative investigation of case managers’ attitudes toward implementation of a measurement feedback system in a public mental health system for youth Amelia Kotte, Kaitlin A. Hill, Albert C. Mah, Priya A. Korathu-Larson, Janelle R. Au, Sonia Izmirian, Scott Keir, Brad J. Nakamura, Charmaine K. Higa-McMillan A75: Multiple pathways to sustainability: Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis to uncover the necessary and sufficient conditions for successful community-based implementation Brittany Rhoades Cooper, Angie Funaiole, Eleanor Dizon A76: Prescribers’ perspectives on opioids and benzodiazepines and medication alerts to reduce co-prescribing of these medications Eric J. Hawkins, Carol A. Malte, Hildi J. Hagedorn, Douglas Berger, Anissa Frank, Aline Lott, Carol E. Achtmeyer, Anthony J. Mariano, Andrew J. Saxon A77: Adaptation of Coordinated Anxiety Learning and Management for comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders: Delivery of evidence-based treatment for anxiety in addictions treatment centers Kate Wolitzky-Taylor, Richard Rawson, Richard Ries, Peter Roy-Byrne, Michelle Craske A78: Opportunities and challenges of measuring program implementation with online surveys Dena Simmons, Catalina Torrente, Lori Nathanson, Grace Carroll A79: Observational assessment of fidelity to a family-centered prevention program: Effectiveness and efficiency Justin D. Smith, Kimbree Brown, Karina Ramos, Nicole Thornton, Thomas J. Dishion, Elizabeth A. Stormshak, Daniel S. Shaw, Melvin N. Wilson A80: Strategies and challenges in housing first fidelity: A multistate qualitative analysis Mimi Choy-Brown, Emmy Tiderington, Bikki Tran Smith, Deborah K. Padgett A81: Procurement and contracting as an implementation strategy: Getting To Outcomes® contracting Ronnie M. Rubin, Marilyn L. Ray, Abraham Wandersman, Andrea Lamont, Gordon Hannah, Kassandra A. Alia, Matthew O. Hurford, Arthur C. Evans A82: Web-based feedback to aid successful implementation: The interactive Stages of Implementation Completion (SIC)TM tool Lisa Saldana, Holle Schaper, Mark Campbell, Patricia Chamberlain A83: Efficient methodologies for monitoring fidelity in routine implementation: Lessons from the Allentown Social Emotional Learning Initiative Valerie B. Shapiro, B.K. Elizabeth Kim, Jennifer L. Fleming, Paul A. LeBuffe A84: The Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) implementation development workshop: Results from a new methodology for enhancing implementation science proposals Sara J. Landes, Cara C. Lewis, Allison L. Rodriguez, Brigid R. Marriott, Katherine Anne Comtois A85: An update on the Society for Implementation Research Collaboration (SIRC) Instrument Review Project
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129. 24-month HIV-free survival among infants born to HIV-positive women enrolled in Option B+ program in Kigali, Rwanda
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Gill, Michelle M., Hoffman, Heather J., Ndatimana, Dieudonne, Mugwaneza, Placidie, Guay, Laura, Ndayisaba, Gilles F., Bobrow, Emily A., Asiimwe, Anita, Mofenson, Lynne M., and Bakir., Mehmet
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- 2017
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130. Analysis of Nevirapine (NVP) Resistance in Ugandan Infants Who Were HIV Infected Despite Receiving Single-Dose (SD) NVP versus SD NVP Plus Daily NVP Up to 6 Weeks of Age to Prevent HIV Vertical Transmission.
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Church, Jessica D., Omer, Saad B., Guay, Laura A., Wei Huang, Lidstrom, Jessica, Musoke, Philippa, Mmiro, Francis, Jackson, J. Brooks, and Eshleman, Susan H.
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AIDS in infants , *LENTIVIRUS diseases , *INFANT diseases , *AIDS prevention , *HIV infections , *INFECTIOUS disease transmission - Abstract
Background. Single-dose nevirapine (SD NVP) at birth plus NVP prophylaxis for the infant up to 6 weeks of age is superior to SDNVP alone for prevention of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through breastfeeding. We analyzed NVP resistance in HIV-infected Ugandan infants who received either SD NVP or extended NVP prophylaxis. Methods. We tested plasma HIV by using a genotyping assay (ViroSeq; Celera Diagnostics), a phenotypic resistance assay (PhenoSense; Monogram Biosciences), and sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp, for K103N, Y181C, and G190A). Results. When infants were 6 weeks old, ViroSeq detected NVP resistance in a higher proportion of infants in the extended NVP arm than in the SD NVP arm (21 of 25 [84%] vs. 12 of 24 [50%]; P = .01). Similar results were obtained with LigAmp and PhenoSense. In both study arms, infants who were HIV infected at birth frequently had NVP resistance detected. In contrast, infants in the extended NVP arm who were HIV infected after birth were more likely to have resistance detected at 6 weeks, compared with infants in the SD NVP arm. The use of extended NVP prophylaxis was also associated with detection of NVP resistance by ViroSeq at 6 months (7 of 7 [100%] infants in the extended NVP arm had resistance detected, compared with 1 of 6 [16.7%] infants in the SD NVP arm; P = .005). Conclusions. The use of extended NVP prophylaxis was associated with increased selection for and persistence of NVP resistance in HIV-infected Ugandan infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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131. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of a family-centered HIV care model on viral suppression and retention in care of HIV-positive children in Eswatini.
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Ashburn, Kim, Chouraya, Caspian, Khumalo, Philisiwe, Mpango, Lydia, Mthethwa, Nobuhle, Machekano, Rhoderick, Guay, Laura, and Mofenson, Lynne M.
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HIV-positive children , *FAMILY-centered care , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *CHILD care , *MISSING data (Statistics) , *HIV , *MULTIPLE imputation (Statistics) - Abstract
Introduction: A family-centered care model (FCCM) providing family-based HIV services, rather than separate adult/pediatric services, has been proposed to increase pediatric retention and treatment adherence. Materials and methods: Eight health-care facilities in the Hhohho region of Eswatini were randomized to implement FCCM (n = 4) or continue standard-of-care (SOC) separate adult/pediatric clinics (n = 4). HIV-positive children and caregivers were enrolled; caregiver interview and child/caregiver chart abstraction were done at enrollment and every three months; pediatric viral load was evaluated at enrollment and every six months through 12 months. Because of study group differences in 12-month viral load data availability (89.4% FCCM and 72.0% SOC children had 12-month viral load), we used three separate analyses to evaluate the effects of FCCM on children's viral suppression (<1,000 copies/mL) and undetectable virus (<400 copies/mL) at 12 months. In the first analysis, all children with missing viral outcome data were excluded from the analysis (modified intent to treat, mITT). The second analysis used inverse probability of missingness weighted logistic regression to estimate the effect of FCCM on 12-month viral outcomes compared to SOC (weighted mITT). For the third approach, missing virologic outcome data were imputed as virologic failure (imputed ITT). We also examined factors associated with viral suppression at 12 months using multivariable logistic regression. Results: We enrolled 379 HIV-positive children and 363 caregivers. Among all children at enrollment, viral suppression and undetectability was 78.4% and 73.9%, respectively, improving to 90.2% and 87.3% at 12 months. In mITT and weighted mITT analyses, there was no significant difference in children's 12-month viral suppression between FCCM and SOC groups (89.2% and 91.6%, respectively). Using imputed ITT, there was a modest increase in 12-month viral suppression in FCCM versus SOC children (79.7% and 69.8%, respectively, p = 0.051) and 12-month undetectability (78.7% and 65.7%, respectively, p = 0.015). Among the 255 children suppressed at enrollment, more FCCM versus SOC children (98.0% versus 95.3%) were suppressed at 12-months, but this was not statistically significant in mITT or weighted mITT analyses, with a marginally significant difference using imputed mITT analysis (p = 0.042). A higher proportion of children suppressed at enrollment had undetectable viral load at 12 months in FCCM versus SOC children (98.0% versus 92.5%), a statistically significant difference across analytical methods. Among the 61 children unsuppressed at enrollment, achieving suppression was higher among SOC versus FCCM children, but this difference was not statistically significant and included only 38 children; and there were no significant differences in detectable viral load at 12 months. There were no significant differences between study groups in retention or ART adherence at 12 months for children or caregivers. Factors associated with lack of viral suppression/detectability at 12 months included lack of viral suppression at enrollment and having a younger caregiver (age <25 years). Conclusions: FCCM in Eswatini was associated with a modest increase in viral suppression/undetectability at 12-months; 12-month retention and adherence did not differ by study group for children or caregivers. High levels of suppression and retention in both groups may have limited our ability to detect a difference. Trial registration: NCT03397420; ClinicalTrials.gov. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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132. 24‐Month HIV‐free survival among HIV‐exposed Infants in Lesotho: the PEAWIL cohort study.
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Tukei, Vincent J, Machekano, Rhoderick, Gill, Michelle M, Tiam, Appolinaire, Mokone, Majoalane, Isavwa, Anthony, Nyabela, Malijane, Mots'oane, Tsietso, Nchephe, Seipati, Letsie, Mosilinyane, Kassaye, Seble G, and Guay, Laura
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HIV infections , *HIV infection transmission , *INFANTS , *COHORT analysis , *INFANT mortality - Abstract
Introduction: Following the implementation of the provision of lifelong antiretroviral therapy to all HIV‐positive pregnant or breastfeeding women for prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV by the Kingdom of Lesotho in 2013, we assessed the effectiveness of this approach by evaluating 24‐month HIV‐free survival among HIV‐exposed infants (HEIs). Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study that enrolled HIV‐positive and HIV‐negative pregnant women, with follow‐up of women and their infants for 24 months after delivery. Participant recruitment started in June 2014 and follow‐up ended in September 2018. Trained nurses collected study information through patient interviews and chart abstraction at enrolment and every three to six months thereafter. Maternal HIV testing, infant mortality, HIV transmission and HIV‐free survival rates were computed using Kaplan–Meier estimation. Cox regression hazard models were used to identify factors associated with infant HIV infection and death. Results: Between June 2014 and February 2016, we enrolled 653 HIV‐positive and 941 HIV‐negative pregnant women. Twenty‐seven HIV‐negative women acquired HIV during follow‐up. Ultimately, 634 liveborn HEI (382 (52%) male, 303 (48%) female, 3 missing) and 839 who remained HIV‐unexposed (HUIs) (409 (49.0%) male, 426 (51.0%) female, 4 missing) were followed; 550 HEIs and 701 HUIs completed the 24‐month follow‐up period. Of 607 (95.7%) HEIs who were tested for HIV at least once during follow‐up, 17 were found to be HIV‐positive. Two (9.5%) of 21 infants born to mothers who acquired HIV infection during follow‐up were HIV‐positive compared to 15 (2.4%) of 613 HEI born to women with known HIV infection. The risk of HIV transmission from HIV‐positive mothers to their infants by 24 months of age was 2.9% (95% CI: 1.8 to 4.7). The estimated 24‐month mortality rate among HEIs was 6.0% (95% CI: 4.4 to 8.2) compared to 3.8% (95% CI: 2.6 to 5.3) among HUIs (Log‐rank p = 0.065). HIV‐free survival at 24 months was 91.8% (95% CI: 89.2 to 93.7). Lower maternal age and birth weight were independently associated with increased HIV infection or death of infants. Conclusions: The implementation of lifelong ART for PMTCT in the Lesotho public health system resulted in low HIV transmission, but survival of HEI remains lower than their HIV uninfected counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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133. Fostering successful and sustainable collaborations to advance implementation science: the adolescent HIV prevention and treatment implementation science alliance.
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Sturke, Rachel, Vorkoper, Susan, Bekker, Linda‐Gail, Ameyan, Wole, Luo, Chewe, Allison, Susannah, Walker, Damilola, Kapogiannis, Bill, and Guay, Laura
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HIV prevention , *CONCEPT mapping , *CAPACITY building , *RESEARCH implementation , *TEENAGERS - Abstract
Introduction: HIV continues to devastate the adolescent population in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). The complex array of interpersonal, social, structural and system‐level obstacles specific to adolescents have slowed progress in prevention and treatment of HIV in this population. The field of implementation science holds promise for addressing these challenges. Discussion: There is growing consensus that enhanced interactions between researchers and users of scientific evidence are important and necessary to tackle enduring barriers to implementation. In 2017, the Fogarty International Center launched the Adolescent HIV Prevention and Treatment Implementation Science Alliance (AHISA) to promote communication and catalyse collaboration among implementation scientists and implementers to enhance the cross‐fertilization of insights as research advances and the implementation environment evolves. This network has identified key implementation science questions for adolescent HIV, assessed how members' research is addressing them, and is currently conducting a concept mapping exercise to more systematically identify implementation research priorities. In addition, AHSA pinpointed common challenges to addressing these questions and discussed their collective capacity to conduct implementation science using the shared learning approach of the network. Specifically, AHISA addresses challenges related to capacity building, developing mentorship, engaging stakeholders, and involving adolescents through support for training efforts and funding region‐/country‐specific networks that respond to local issues and increase implementation science capacity across SSA. Conclusions: Innovative platforms, like AHISA, that foster collaborations between implementation science researchers, policymakers and community participants to prioritizes research needs and identify and address implementation challenges can speed the translation of effective HIV interventions to benefit adolescent health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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134. HIV-1 Tropism and Survival in Vertically Infected Ugandan Infants.
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Church, Jessica D., Huang, Wei, Mwatha, Anthony, Toma, Jonathan, Stawiski, Eric, Donnell, Deborah, Guay, Laura A., Mmiro, Francis, Musoke, Philippa, Jackson, J. Brooks, Parkin, Neil, and Eshleman, Susan H.
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HIV , *VIRUSES , *HIV infections , *NEWBORN infants , *INFECTION , *BLOOD plasma , *SERUM , *CELLS , *CLONING - Abstract
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) may utilize the CXCR4 coreceptor (X4 virus), the CCR5 coreceptor (R5 virus), or both (dual/mixed [DM] virus). We analyzed HIV-1 coreceptor tropism in Ugandan infants enrolled in the HIVNET (HIV Network for Prevention Trials) 012 trial. Methods. Plasma or serum was analyzed using a commercial coreceptor tropism assay. HIV env subtype was determined by phylogenetic methods. Results. Tropism results were obtained for 57 samples from infants collected 6-14 weeks after birth. Fifty-two infants had only R5 virus, and 5 had either X4 or DM virus. The mothers of those 5 infants also had X4 or DM virus. In infants, subtype D infection was associated with high-level infectivity in CCR5-bearing cells and also with the detection of X4 or DM strains. High-level infectivity in CCR5-bearing cells was associated with decreased infant survival, but infection with X4 or DM virus was not. HIV clones from infants with DM viral populations showed different patterns of coreceptor use. V3 loop sequence- based algorithms predicted the tropism of some, but not all, env clones. Conclusions. Complex patterns of HIV tropism were found in HIV-infected newborn infants. Subtype D infection was associated with X4 virus and with high-level replication in CCR5-bearing cells. High-level replication of R5 virus was associated with decreased infant survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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135. Persistence of K103N-Containing HIV-1 Variants after Single-Dose Nevirapine for Prevention of HIV-1 Mother-to-Child Transmission.
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Flys, Tamara S., Donnell, Deborah, Mwatha, Anthony, Nakabiito, Clemensia, Musoke, Philippa, Mmiro, Francis, Jackson, J. Brooks, Guay, Laura A., and Eshleman, Susan H.
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HIV , *INFECTIOUS disease transmission , *DRUG dosage , *DENTAL prophylaxis , *HIV-positive women , *CHILDREN of AIDS patients - Abstract
K103N-containing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 variants are selected in some women who receive single-dose (SD) nevirapine (NVP) for prevention of HIV-1 mother-infant transmission. We examined the persistence of K103N in women who received SD NVP prophylaxis. K103N was detected using the LigAmp assay (assay cutoff, 0.5% K103N). K103N was detected at 6-8 weeks in 60 (41.7%) of 144 women. Fading (lack of detection) of K103N was documented in 16 women by 2 years, 43 women by 3 year, and 55 women by 4 and 5 years. Slower fading was independently associated with HIV-1 subtype (D>A) and higher pre-NVP viral load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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136. Factors influencing mother-to-child transmission of HIV during pregnancy and breastfeeding in Mozambique
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De Schacht, Caroline, Temmerman, Marleen, and Guay, Laura
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Medicine and Health Sciences - Abstract
The World Health Organization recommends a comprehensive approach of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV consisting of four prongs: prevention of primary infection among women in reproductive age; prevention of unintended pregnancies among women living with HIV; care and treatment of HIV positive pregnant women; family approach for HIV services. Mozambique, located in sub-Saharan Africa, has a high HIV burden with a national prevalence of 15.8% among pregnant women (2011). When the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program initiated in 2002, a single dose nevirapine was used as prophylactic antiretroviral drug, while the current recommended regimen consists of lifelong antiretroviral treatment for all HIV positive diagnosed pregnant and breastfeeding women (Option B+). In the thesis, a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to evaluate factors influencing processes of Mozambique’s PMTCT program both during the antenatal care period and the postpartum period. We investigated risk factors for HIV acquisition during pregnancy and breastfeeding period, and access to HIV prevention and care for HIV positive women and their HIV-exposed or infected infants. As described in articles 1 and 3 of this dissertation, the incidence of HIV remains high both during pregnancy and the postpartum period (3.2 and 4.3 per 100 women years, respectively), with a high burden on vertical transmission: one of eight infants infected with HIV is due to a postpartum maternal HIV infection. Risk factors for acquiring HIV during the postpartum period are young age, low parity, higher education of woman’s partner and having sex with someone other than one’s partner; during pregnancy, early sexual debut and living in Maputo province were also identified as risk factors. Strategies of primary prevention of HIV during pregnancy and the postpartum period should be tailored for them, with a special attention to young girls and women. A multi-sectoral approach including the Ministries of Health, Education and Youth is crucial, besides working with communities on awareness and education of the population. Access to HIV care for HIV positive pregnant women is influenced by many factors. Having diagnostic tests for CD4+ T-cell count closer to care showed to lead to earlier initiation of treatment of HIV positive eligible pregnant women. This is important as suppression of viral load of HIV among pregnant women as soon as possible after diagnosis is crucial to decrease risk of transmission to the infant. However, having the necessary tests at the clinic does not always result in a higher uptake of ART initiation, indicating that other contextual factors play a role in uptake of treatment. Article 2 showed that having POC testing at the clinic did not increase uptake of testing. However, it decreased time to antiretroviral treatment initiation for HIV positive eligible women. Contextual factors play a role in uptake of testing and treatment, and need to be taken into consideration when plans for roll-out of rapid diagnostics are discussed. Factors influencing retention in postpartum PMTCT services for HIV positive pregnant and postpartum women and their infants were investigated in article 4. Barriers are mainly individual-level barriers where stigma, preference of alternative care (outside the national health care services) and disbelief in the results are still important. What facilitates retention in services is having hope for a future for the child, presence of symptomatic illness and the belief that the health facility is the appropriate place for care. Male involvement in MCH and PMTCT care is important for prevention of infant HIV infection. This involvement starts with couple attendance at the first antenatal care visit and couple HIV testing. However, the study presented in article 1 showed that knowledge of male partner testing is low: 19% of the women reported that their partner had been tested for HIV. Factors hindering the uptake of male HIV testing are fear of stigma and discrimination, but also the preconception of clinics being places for women. Having men attend ANC may not be the best viable strategy and reaching couples outside of the clinic may be necessary. There is a need for stronger linkages with the community, where decision makers are involved in health promotion activities. Continuous education and awareness are necessary. At institutional level, novel technologies embedded in existing services, new or re-organized health care services (such as male friendly health units, or family clinics) and task-shifting need to be tested to increase uptake and retention of MCH/PMTCT services, aiming at a decreased vertical transmission of HIV.
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- 2015
137. Coreceptor Tropism in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype D: High Prevalence of CXCR4 Tropism and Heterogeneous Composition of Viral Populations.
- Author
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Wei Huang, Eshleman, Susan H., Toma, Jonathan, Fransen, Signe, Stawiski, Eric, Paxinos, Ellen E., Whitcomb, Jeannette M., Young, Alicia M., Donnell, Deborah, Mmiro, Francis, Musoke, Philippa, Guay, Laura A., Jackson, J. Brooks, Parkin, Neil T., and Petropoulos, Christos J.
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HIV , *TROPISMS , *VIRUSES , *PHENOTYPES , *PREGNANT women - Abstract
In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype B, CXCR4 coreceptor use ranges from ∼ 20% in early infection to ∼ 50% in advanced disease. Coreceptor use by non-subtype B HIV is less well characterized. We studied coreceptor tropism of subtype A and D HIV-1 collected from 68 pregnant, antiretroviral drug-naive Ugandan women (HIVNET 012 trial). None of 33 subtype A or 10 A/D-recombinant viruses used the CXCR4 coreceptor. In contrast, nine (36%) of 25 subtype D viruses used both CXCR4 and CCR5 coreceptors. Clonal analyses of the nine subtype D samples with dual or mixed tropism revealed heterogeneous viral populations comprised of X4-, R5-, and dual-tropic HIV-1 variants. In five of the six samples with dual-tropic strains, V3 loop sequences of dual-tropic clones were identical to those of cocirculating R5-tropic clones, indicating the presence of CXCR4 tropism determinants outside of the V3 loop. These dual-tropic variants with R5-tropic-like V3 loops, which we designated "dual-R," use CCR5 much more efficiently than CXCR4, in contrast to dual-tropic clones with X4-tropic-like V3 loops ("dual-X"). These observations have implications for pathogenesis and treatment of subtype D-infected individuals, for the association between V3 sequence and coreceptor tropism phenotype, and for understanding potential mechanisms of evolution from exclusive CCR5 use to efficient CXCR4 use by subtype D HIV-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
- Full Text
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138. Analysis of nevirapine resistance mutations in cloned HIV type 1 variants from HIV-infected Ugandan infants using a single-step amplification-sequencing method (AmpliSeq).
- Author
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Towler WI, Church JD, Eshleman JR, Fowler MG, Guay LA, Jackson JB, and Eshleman SH
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- Amino Acid Substitution genetics, DNA Mutational Analysis, HIV-1 genetics, HIV-1 isolation & purification, Humans, Infant, Molecular Sequence Data, Plasma virology, RNA, Viral genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA methods, Uganda, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Viral, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 drug effects, Mutation, Missense, Nevirapine pharmacology
- Abstract
We analyzed the genetic linkage of nevirapine (NVP) resistance mutations and the genetic complexity of HIV-1 variants in Ugandan infants who were HIV infected despite single dose (SD) prophylaxis. Plasma samples were obtained from six HIV-infected infants who had two or more NVP resistance mutations detected by population sequencing (ViroSeq). ViroSeq PCR products were cloned and transformed, and a single-step amplification-sequencing reaction (AmpliSeq) was used to analyze NVP resistance mutations in cloned HIV-1 variants directly from bacterial colonies. Fifty clones were analyzed for each infant sample. This analysis revealed numerous NVP resistance mutations not detected by population sequencing, genetically linked NVP resistance mutations, and a high degree of genetic complexity at codons that influence NVP susceptibility.
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- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
139. HIV type 1 variants with nevirapine resistance mutations are rarely detected in antiretroviral drug-naive African women with subtypes A, C, and D.
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Church JD, Hudelson SE, Guay LA, Chen S, Hoover DR, Parkin N, Fiscus SA, Mmiro F, Musoke P, Kumwenda N, Jackson JB, Taha TE, and Eshleman SH
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- Africa, Black People, DNA Mutational Analysis, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Genotype, HIV-1 classification, HIV-1 drug effects, Humans, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections genetics, HIV-1 genetics, Nevirapine pharmacology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics
- Abstract
K103N is frequently detected in HIV-infected women after single dose (SD) nevirapine (NVP). K103N-containing variants were detected more frequently by the ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System in women with subtype C (69.2%) than subtypes A (19.4%, p < 0.0001) or D (36.1%, p < 0.0001). K103N-containing variants were also detected more frequently and at higher levels in women with subtype C by the LigAmp assay. In this report, we analyzed samples collected prior to or within hours after SD NVP administration from antiretroviral drug-naive African women with subtypes A, C, and D. Only 1/254 samples had an NVP resistance mutation detected with the ViroSeq system, and only 4/236 samples had K103N detected at < 0.5% with the LigAmp assay [2/110 (1.8%) with subtype A, 1/46 (2.2%) with subtype C, and 1/80 (1.3%) with subtype D] (p = 0.92). We did not detect significant differences in the pre-NVP frequency of NVP resistance mutations or the pre-NVP levels of K103N-containing variants in women with subtypes A, C, and D that explain the dramatic subtype-based differences in emergence of HIV-1 variants with these mutations after SD NVP exposure.
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- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Comparison of HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission after single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis among African women with subtypes A, C, and D.
- Author
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Eshleman SH, Church JD, Chen S, Guay LA, Mwatha A, Fiscus SA, Mmiro F, Musoke P, Kumwenda N, Jackson JB, Taha TE, and Hoover DR
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- Female, HIV Infections prevention & control, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Viral Load, Black People, HIV Infections transmission, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical prevention & control, Nevirapine administration & dosage, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious prevention & control, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors administration & dosage
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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