Search

The nature/culture dichotomy is part of the legacy of Western philosophy out of which modern social anthropology has grown, but the very emergence of the anthropology of nature, and its practice, have been dedicated precisely to deconstructing and discrediting the dyad with which they are concerned. This volume is dedicated to the cross-cultural study of relations between humans and nonhumans, and focusing on personhood allows us to avoid the trap of criticising the conventional nature/culture dyad without ever being able to escape its terms. Data on personhood in animistic societies have always raised questions about the supposed universal validity of the concept of nature, because they invariably demonstrate that nonhuman entities may be regarded as social persons.

In a legal system that increasingly relies on scientific knowledge, expert witnesses have a critical role in criminal courts. However, experts have often reported feeling unsatisfi ed with their testimony. Also, the attorneys' style of questioning was found to impact jurors' impression of expert witnesses. This article preoccupies itself with the transformation of experts' testimony in the Court of Assizes. More specifically, it looks at the interactions involving the expert witnesses in the 2005 hearings held for the murder of the Ministry of Justice's advisor Massimo D'Antona. The paper analyses how lawyers shape expert witnesses' testimony and how expert witnesses present their opinion on the stand. Through Conversation and Discourse Analysis, it shows what discursive tools lawyers and expert witnesses use to simultaneously manage multiple frames, presenting scientifi c opinions to other parties (i.e., the judges, the parties involved, and the lay judges) throughout the hearings.In un sistema giudiziario che si basa sempre più sul sapere scientifico, i Consulenti Tecnici (CT) hanno un ruolo fondamentale. Tuttavia, i CT hanno spesso riportato di essere insoddisfatti della loro esperienza in tribunale: è stato dimostrato come diverse tecniche di interrogatorio impattino il modo in cui il CT viene visto dalla corte. Questo articolo si occupa della trasformazione della testimonianza dei CT in Corte d'Assise. Più specificamente, analizza le testimonianze dei consulenti citati nel corso delle udienze tenutesi nel 2005 per l'omicidio del consigliere del Ministero della Giustizia Massimo D'Antona. Il documento analizza le tecniche usate dagli avvocati durante esame e controesame dei CT e come questi ultimi presentano la loro opinione in tribunale. Attraverso l'analisi conversazionale e del discorso, si dimostra quali tecniche retoriche gli avvocati e i CT utilizzano per gestire contemporaneamente più frame, presentando opinioni scientifiche ai giudici, alle parti coinvolte e agli avvocati durante l’udienza.

Many immigrant groups disproportionately experience unemployment and this disadvantage often extends to their children—the second generation. This paper contributes to this stream of research by studying unemployment dynamics of the ancestral population and second-generation immigrants in Sweden. In particular, we ask: does unemployment persistence differ between ancestral Swedes and 10 second-generation immigrant groups? We answer this question using correlated dynamic random-effects logit models to study the effect of past on current unemployment—also known as genuine state dependence. We use Swedish register data to follow individuals over their early working careers. The results indicate that although past unemployment has a similar relative effect on current unemployment across the ancestry groups, past unemployment increases the probability of current unemployment (absolute effect) more among second-generation Middle-Eastern, Turkish, and Southern European immigrants. Because of higher baseline levels of unemployment, the labour market consequences of similar relative effects are more pronounced among the second generation as compared to ancestral Swedes. The paper concludes by elaborating on the reasons behind these contrasting results while highlighting the importance of examining heterogeneous effects on both the relative and absolute scales.

Precise and accurate measurement of 204Pb-based isotopic ratios by quadrupole ICP-MS at the part-per-billion concentration level was achieved.

Mineral dust emission and transport can occur at high latitudes, impacting the Earth’s radiative budget and snow albedo. Even though the Arctic region is not often considered as a relevant dust source, in a context of arctic amplification, the importance of high latitude dust (HLD) sources is increasing. Although there is still a lack of knowledge concerning HLD sources and their impact, previous studies have shown how the dust produced there, affects the high Arctic.In this work, we have characterised both potential HLD source areas through the resuspension of soil samples and potential receptor areas through filtration of snow samples. The potential HDL sources considered are Iceland, Alaska and Svalbard Island (Norway), while the second ones, were obtained filtering snow, firn or ice sampled on different Svalbard glaciers. 31 trace elements (TEs) were quantified using tandem ICP-MS on the filters loaded by soil resuspension. Moreover, the Sr and Pb isotope ratios were measured on the whole set of samples using a MC-ICP-MS unit at the A&MS Lab at Ghent University. Specific TEs can be used to recognize different patterns in dust originating from regions characterized by a different geological composition and the analyses of two different isotopic systems is useful in order to differentiate eventual dust sources characterized by overlapping signatures for one of the two elements.The proposed methodology is therefore promising for tracing dust emission and transport in the high Arctic and potentially to reconstruct past circulation patterns by investigating the dust composition in ice cores., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Polar regions should be given greater consideration with respect to the monitoring, risk assessment, and management of potentially harmful chemicals, consistent with requirements of the precautionary principle. Protecting the vulnerable polar environments requires (i) raising political and public awareness and (ii) restricting and preventing global emissions of harmful chemicals at their sources. The Berlin Statement is the outcome of an international workshop with representatives of the European Commission, the Arctic Council, the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), environmental specimen banks, and data centers, as well as scientists from various international research institutions. The statement addresses urgent chemical pollution issues in the polar regions and provides recommendations for improving screening, monitoring, risk assessment, research cooperation, and open data sharing to provide environmental policy makers and chemicals management decision-makers with relevant and reliable contaminant data to better protect the polar environments. The consensus reached at the workshop can be summarized in just two words: “Act now!” Specifically, “Act now!” to reduce the presence and impact of anthropogenic chemical pollution in polar regions by. •Establishing participatory co-development frameworks in a permanent multi-disciplinary platform for Arctic-Antarctic collaborations and establishing exchanges between the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) of the Arctic Council and the Antarctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AnMAP) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) to increase the visibility and exchange of contaminant data and to support the development of harmonized monitoring programs. •Integrating environmental specimen banking, innovative screening approaches and archiving systems, to provide opportunities for improved assessment of contaminants to protect polar regions.

Left main coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention is particularly complex when stenting across the distal bifurcation is required in the presence of a diameter mismatch between the proximal main and distal branches. A suboptimal procedural result increases the risk of thrombosis and restenosis. Considering the paucity of data published on this topic, our objective was to provide technical solutions to deal with this complex anatomy. We described four cases showing the use of devices and techniques which allowed us to overcome a diameter discrepancy between adjacent coronary segments: (1) self-expanding nitinol stent; (2) stent platform with noteworthy expansion capacity; (3) the 'extended skirt' technique; (4) the 'trouser-leg' technique. In conclusion, the use of specific strategies and devices allows a safe and effective approach to be used to perform treatment that respects the coronary anatomy, and to optimize percutaneous coronary intervention results in complex scenarios.