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As industry continues to develop rapidly, the greenhouse effect is becoming increasingly severe. CO2, CH4, and N2O are the three primary greenhouse gases, making their effective monitoring a crucial step in reducing emissions. This paper investigates the gas sensing performance of Mo-doped WSe2 for these three gases, through a theoretical study. First, using first-principles calculations, the doping behavior of Mo in WSe2 is examined. Subsequently, the adsorption properties of Mo-WSe2 for CO2, CH4, and N2O are analyzed by calculating adsorption energy, charge transfer, the electron localization function (ELF), Hirshfeld partition (IGMH), and the density of states (DOSs), culminating in an analysis of its sensing properties. The results indicate that when Mo is positioned above the upper Se atom, the structure is most stable. Therefore, this position is selected as the optimal adsorption site for studying the adsorption of the three gases. The adsorption energies for CO2, CH4, and N2O are 1.349 eV, −1.194 eV, and −0.528 eV, respectively, with corresponding charge transfers of 0.418, 0.450, and 0.115. In the N2O and CO2 adsorption systems, significant adsorption energy and charge transfer are observed, leading to relatively better adsorption compared to the CH4 system. Additionally, considering the adsorption performance, Mo-WSe2 demonstrates good sensor response and desorption times for N2O and CO2 at temperatures above 298 K. The findings of this research provide theoretical guidance for the application of Mo-WSe2 as a gas sensing material for detecting greenhouse gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the scientific underpinnings of climate change is crucial for informed citizenship and future decision-making. This study investigates the understanding of the scientific underpinnings of climate change among German A-level students, focusing on key content areas such as the atmosphere, the greenhouse effect, the carbon cycle, and the distinction between weather and climate. Using a validated climate change concept inventory (CCCI-422), we assessed 501 students from five urban secondary schools in North Rhine-Westphalia. Results indicate that students correctly answered on average 39% of the questions correctly, revealing significant knowledge gaps, particularly in areas like the greenhouse effect and atmospheric composition. We also identified several overarching ideas that many students demonstrate. This study underscores the importance of integrating comprehensive climate science education into national curricula and classroom instruction to foster scientifically literate future generations capable of addressing the global climate crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Direct air capture (DAC) is a negative emission technology for removing CO2 from the atmosphere to maintain the CO2 level within a reasonable range so as to address greenhouse effects. In this study, the operational optimization of lab‐scale DAC has been investigated using a crossflow air‐liquid contactor loaded with a three dimensionally printed Gyroid packing structure and a potassium sarcosinate solvent. The effects of various parameters, including feed air flow rate, liquid solvent flow rate, contactor geometry, and ambient temperature, are examined. The results demonstrate that the Gyroid packing design achieves comparable CO2 capture performance to conventional packed beds but with a significantly lower pressure drop of up to 77.8%, suggesting its potential as an efficient and cost‐effective solution for gas–liquid contactors in DAC. Additionally, the study explores the climate impact on CO2 capture performance and finds that as the air temperature increases from 35 to 95°F at a fixed relative humidity of 80%, the CO2 capture rate increased from 23.2% to 46.8% with better stability. The research highlights the importance of optimizing contactor design and operational conditions to improve the CO2 capture rate and feasibility of DAC systems as a negative emission technology for addressing greenhouse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of climate change on broadly understood global security and to provide recommendations for further research on this issue. Material and methods For the purposes of this study, the basic research method used was a review of the literature and the results of the latest research on global warming, its causes, and impact on various aspects of the functioning of societies and states. The descriptive analysis method was also used. Results The greatest security threat resulting from climate change is that much of it is not yet known. It cannot be ruled out that the critical point of climate change has already been exceeded, and the effects of this Conclusions The only solution seems to be to prepare for more frequent and intense weather extremes and to change the perception of what is a climate anomaly and what is the norm. Holistic research should also be carried out on the impact of climate change on the human security environment, both in social and biological terms. Such research should take into account all possible, even not yet existing, variables.

[Display omitted] • Designed a novel multifunctional CuTCPP/MXene/TiO 2 catalyst by crystal plane regulation and hydrogen bonding. • Developed a system for atmospheric CO 2 capture and in-situ conversion at the gas-solid interface. • There is no need to add any sacrificial agent and alkaline absorbent in the reaction system. • The catalyst demonstrated excellent CO 2 conversion rates, effectively producing CO and CH 4. Directly capturing atmospheric CO 2 and converting it into valuable fuel through photothermal synergy is an effective way to mitigate the greenhouse effect. This study developed a gas–solid interface photothermal catalytic system for atmospheric CO 2 reduction, utilizing the innovative photothermal catalyst (Cu porphyrin) CuTCPP/MXene/TiO 2. The catalyst demonstrated a photothermal catalytic performance of 124 μmol·g−1·h−1 for CO and 106 μmol·g−1·h−1 for CH 4 , significantly outperforming individual components. Density functional theory (DFT) results indicate that the enhanced catalytic performance is attributed to the internal electric field between the components, which significantly enhances carrier utilization. The introduction of CuTCPP reduces free energy of the photothermal catalytic reaction. Additionally, the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect and high-speed electron transfer properties of MXene further boost the catalytic reaction rate. This well-designed catalyst and catalytic system offer a simple method for capturing atmospheric CO 2 and converting it in-situ through photothermal catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to determine the optimal dose of olive mill wastewater (OMW) for maximum mycorrhization and to assess the biomass, physiological, and biochemical tolerance of mycorrhizal olive plants to stress induced by this wastewater. The study involved injecting Rhizophagus irregularis into young olive trees (Olea europaea L.) under greenhouse conditions. At rates of 100, 150, and 200 m³/ha, OMW is applied to the soil surrounding each olive tree. For comparison, a non-inoculated group was added as a control. Dry matter, mycorrhization rate, leaf relative water content (RWC), foliar nutrients (N, P, and K), and a number of physiological and biochemical parameters were among the variables that were assessed. When arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and olive mill wastewater were combined at a rate of 100 m³/ha, the results showed significant increases in dry matter (22.5%), Leaf relative water content (16.32%), potassium levels (38.46%), stomatal conductance (30.4%), and photosynthesis compared to the control. However, high olive mill wastewater doses (150 and 200 m³/ha) caused water stress: Compared to nonmycorrhizal plants (NM), the decrease in mycorrhizal plants (M) was less pronounced. Leaf relative water content dropped by 14.9% and 21.27% in mycorrhizal plants and by 22.22% and 28.88% in non-mycorrhizal plants. Under these high doses of Olive mill wastewater, the mycorrhization rate dropped significantly by as much as 30% and 45% respectively. All OMW treatments increased proline and sugar content as stress responses. Consequently, our study reveals that the optimal application of 100 m³/ha of OMW, combined with Rhizophagus irregularis, enhances the growth and performance physiology of young olive plants while increasing mycorrhization rates, stomatal conductance, and photosynthetic efficiency. This synergy between OMW and AMF also promotes better plant resilience to water stress by activating biochemical mechanisms such as increased proline and sugar levels. Additionally, AMF mitigates the negative effects of high OMW doses, highlighting its crucial role in managing the risks associated with wastewater application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of hydrofluorocarbons as refrigerants is reduced because of the increasing greenhouse effect. Air refrigeration system is environmentally friendly with air as working medium. In this study, a reverse-bootstrap air refrigeration cycle was proposed for fresh air-conditioning, which eliminated the hot heat exchanger to reduce volume and weight, and a full fresh air refrigerator was developed and tested in a psychrometric test room. Combining the characteristic curves of a motor-driven turboexpander–compressor (MTEC), a numerical model was established to analyze system off-design performance. The relative deviations between the predictions and experimental data were within 10%. The test and calculation were conducted at standard conditions (the outdoor and indoor dry and wet bulb temperature is 35/24°C and 27/19°C, respectively). The MTEC operating at design rotating speed 38 krpm could supply fresh air with a flow rate of 517.4 kg/h and temperature of 12.0°C, and a cooling capacity of 2.93 kW was obtained with a system Coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.315. The optimal COP and corresponding rotating speed will change with the variation of environmental parameters. As the outdoor temperature increases from 32 to 38°C, the optimal COP decreases by 29.6% and the corresponding rotating speed increases from 39.6 to 47.6 krpm. Moreover, when the outdoor relative humidity increases from 35% to 55% and the indoor temperature increases from 23 to 31°C, the COP decreases by 36.8% and increases by 31.9%, respectively. The advanced exergy analysis indicate the system avoidable exergy destructions account for 54.9%. Under the avoidable conditions, the efficiency of compressor, expander, and motor is 0.85, 0.85, and 0.95, respectively, the system COP can reach 0.946. The exergy destruction analysis of components indicates the importance to optimize the compressor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eucalyptus species play an important role in the global carbon cycle, especially in reducing the greenhouse effect as well as storing atmospheric CO₂. Thus, assessing the amount of CO₂ released by the soil in forest areas can generate important information for environmental monitoring. This study aims to verify the relation between soil carbon dioxide (CO₂) flux (FCO₂), spectral bands, and vegetation indices (VIs) derived from a UAV-based multispectral camera over an area of eucalyptus species. Multispectral imageries (green, red-edge, and near-infrared) from the Parrot Sequoia sensor, derived vegetation indices, and the FCO₂ data from a LI-COR 8100 analyzer, combined with soil moisture and temperature data, were collected and related. The vegetation indices ATSAVI (Adjusted Transformed Soil-Adjusted VI), GSAVI (Green Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), and SAVI (Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index), which use soil correction factors, exhibited a strong negative correlation with FCO₂ for the species E. camaldulensis, E. saligna, and E. urophylla species. A Multivariate Analysis of Variance showed significance (p < 0.01) for the species factor, which indicates that there are differences when considering all variables simultaneously. The results achieved in this study show a specific correlation between the data of soil CO₂ emission and the eucalypt species, providing a distinction of values between the species in the statistical data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Establishing artificial photosynthesis systems in a simple but effective manner to mitigate the greenhouse effect and address the energy crisis remains challenging. The combination of photocatalysis technology with bioengineering is an emerging field with great potential to construct such artificial photosynthesis systems, but so far, it has barely been explored in this area. Herein, an artificial photocatalysis platform is constructed with high CO2 conversion and H2O splitting capability by integration of CdS QDs into the intra‐subunit interface of H‐type ferritin (Marsupenaeus japonicus), a natural ferroxidase through protein interface redesign. The crystal structure of the synthesized CdS QDs with engineered ferritin molecules as bio‐templates confirmed the design at an atomic level. Notably, upon absorbing desirable visible light (≈420 nm), such a single CdS‐ferritin hybrid molecule is able to selectively catalyze the reduction of CO2 into HCOOH (≈90%), meanwhile catalyzing the oxidation of H2O into O2 in an aqueous environment. The O2 production rate reached to 180 µmol g−1 h−1, and the HCOOH output hit almost 800 µmol g−1 h−1. This work advances the utilization of the four‐helix bundle structure for crafting artificial photosynthesis systems, facilitating the seamless integration of bioengineering and photocatalysis technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The greenhouse effect of atmospheric pollution is globally concerning. China is transitioning to market-driven emission reduction from policy-driven efforts. In 2021, key power industry emitters were included in the national carbon trading market. However, many companies lack willingness and understanding of carbon assets, hindering progress. Research on power companies in Beijing, a political and carbon market pilot region, is valuable. This study obtained data on the participation of Beijing's power generation companies in the carbon market and the construction of their carbon management systems during the first compliance period through the distribution of surveys. The findings revealed that the implementation and preparation of carbon inventory, Chinese Certified Emission Reduction (CCER) development, the allocation of carbon management personnel, and training are key factors influencing the actual effectiveness of carbon management within companies. Based on the survey results and the impact pathways, this study outlines the preparatory work, system content, and construction steps for power companies to build a carbon management system. It summarizes five key areas of work for power companies in managing carbon assets: carbon inventory, carbon management personnel and mechanisms, carbon trading, carbon emission reduction, and carbon finance. This provides guidance to help power companies fulfill their obligations smoothly, add value to their carbon assets, and achieve low-carbon development goals. Additionally, it offers a reference for other industry enterprises that are about to enter carbon trading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurately detecting atmospheric carbon dioxide is a vital part of responding to the global greenhouse effect. Conventional off-axis integral cavity detection systems are computationally intensive and susceptible to environmental factors. This study deploys an Extreme Learning Machine model incorporating a cascaded integrator comb (CIC) filter into the off-axis integrating cavity. It is shown that appropriate parameters can effectively improve the performance of the instrument in terms of lower detection limit, accuracy, and root mean square deviation. The proposed method is incorporated successfully into a monitoring station situated near an industrial area for detecting atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration daily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise in atmospheric greenhouse gases like CO2 is a primary driver of global warming. Human actions are the primary factor behind the surge in CO2 levels, contributing to two-thirds of the greenhouse effect over the past decade. This study focuses on the chemical activation of avocado seeds with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The influence of various preparation methods was studied under the same parameters: carbon precursor to NaOH mass ratio, carbonization temperature, and nitrogen flow. For two samples, preliminary thermal treatment was applied (500 °C). NaOH was used in the form of a saturated solution as well as dry NaOH. The same temperature of 850 °C of carbonization combined with chemical activation was applied for all samples. The applied modifications resulted in the following textural parameters: specific surface area from 696 to 1217 m2/g, total pore volume from 0.440 to 0.761 cm3/g, micropore volume from 0.159 to 0.418 cm3/g. The textural parameters were estimated based on nitrogen sorption at −196 °C. The XRD measurements and SEM pictures were also performed. CO2 adsorption was performed at temperatures of 0, 10, 20, and 30 °C and pressure up to 1 bar. In order to calculate the CO2 selectivity over N2 nitrogen adsorption at 20 °C was investigated. The highest CO2 adsorption (4.90 mmol/g) at 1 bar and 0 °C was achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO2 is not only the main gas that causes the greenhouse effect but also a resource with abundant reserves, low price, and low toxicity. It is expected to become an important "carbon source" to replace oil and natural gas in the future. The efficient and clean resource utilization of CO2 has shown important scientific and economic value. Making full use of abundant CO2 resources is in line with the development direction of green chemistry and has attracted the attention of scientists. Environmentally friendly ionic liquids show unique advantages in the capture and conversion of CO2 due to their non-volatilization, designable structure, and good solubility, and show broad application prospects. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the research on the use of an ionic liquid as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of various value-added chemicals in CO2, hoping to make full use of CO2 resources while avoiding the defects of the traditional synthesis route, such as the use of highly toxic raw materials, complicated operation, or harsh reaction conditions. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the application and development of ionic liquids in CO2 capture and conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allergies are one of the diseases whose incidence rates have increased in recent years due to the greenhouse effect and extreme climate change. Therefore, the development of new antiallergic drugs has attracted the interest of researchers in chemistry and pharmacy fields. Dicoumarin is a coumarin derivative with various biological activities, but its antiallergic activity has not been evaluated. In this study, 14 different dicoumarin derivatives were synthesized by diethylamine-catalyzed condensation reactions of 4-hydroxycoumarin with 14 different aldehydes, and they were identified on the basis of their spectral data. The dicoumarin derivatives were subjected to studies on the degranulation of rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3 cells) and mouse bone-marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs), and some of them showed good inhibitory effects on the degranulation of the two types of mast cells, demonstrating their good antiallergic activity. This study presents a new method of developing new antiallergic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct air capture (DAC) is a sustainable technology to alleviate the greenhouse effect and a reliable pathway to acquire inexhaustible CO2 for the production of costly chemicals and energy products. Current DAC technologies with amine‐related sorbents rely on chemisorption, while they consume intensive energy for CO2 release and sorbent regeneration by heating. Developing new DAC processes with weak, reversible adsorption can substantially reduce the regeneration energies. Herein, the design of CO2 breathing paper (CBP) is demonstrated toward spontaneous CO2 extraction from ambient air and solar‐driven regeneration. The CBP is fabricated by coupling 2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole to carbon nanotube paper on the basis of density functional theory calculations. At ambient conditions, CBP spontaneously captures atmospheric CO2 with a capacity of 0.14–1.75 mmol g–1 at 0–35 °C through non‐covalent electrostatic interaction. Upon exposure to sunlight, all adsorbed CO2 can be released and converted to concentrated gas for storage. Attractively, the efficiency of solar‐driven CO2 release is much higher than the traditional temperature‐swing method owing to the IR sensitivity of CO2. Besides the reversibility, the mild conditions also ensure the durability of CBP. These findings suggest that the CBP is a promising candidate for cost‐effective DAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The massive emission of carbon dioxide produces the greenhouse effect and poses a threat to the survival of modern civilization. The search for new carbon management strategies has been at the forefront of scientific research over the past few decades. Integrated carbon dioxide capture and utilization (ICCU), which aims to capture CO2 and convert it in situ into high value‐added products or fuels, is considered to be more attractive and innovative than alternative strategies. This paper introduces the adsorption capacity and characteristics of solid sorbents at different operating temperatures. On this basis, the recent research on ICCU technology combined with methanation, reverse water−gas shift reaction, dry reforming of alkanes and dehydrogenation of alkanes over novel dual‐function materials is presented, and the development direction and future prospects of ICCU are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Macroalgae in natural marine areas play an important role in mitigating ocean climate change. The complexity of natural conditions also makes it necessary to study macroalgae not only by considering the effects of changes in a single factor but also by exploring the coupled effects of different environmental conditions on macroalgae. Therefore, in this study, two species of macroalgae were used as experimental subjects to observe their growth processes under different co-treatments of temperature and CO2 concentration. The results of this study can provide a reference for how natural macroalgae can cope with future changes in ocean climate. To investigate the ecological impacts of macroalgae in the framework of shifting global CO2 concentrations, we conducted a study utilizing Ulva fasciata and Sargassum horneri specimens sourced from the Ma'an Archipelago in Zhejiang Province on how ocean acidification (OA) and temperature changes interact to affect the photosynthetic physiological responses of macroalgae. The results of the study showed that OA reduced the tolerance of U. fasciata to bright light at 20 °C, resulting in more pronounced photoinhibition, while 15 °C caused significant inhibition of U. fasciata, reducing its growth and photosynthetic activity, but OA alleviated the inhibition and promoted the growth of the alga to a certain extent. The tolerance of S. horneri to bright light was also reduced at 20 °C; the inhibition was relieved at 15 °C, and the OA further improved the algal growth. The Relative Growth Rate (RGR), photosynthetic pigment content, and the release of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of U. fasciata were mainly affected by the change in temperature; the growth of the alga and the synthesis of metabolites were more favored by 20 °C. A similar temperature dependence was observed for S. horneri, with faster growth and high metabolism at 15 °C. Our results suggest that OA reduces the tolerance of macroalgae to high light at suitable growth temperatures; however, at unsuitable growth temperatures, OA effectively mitigates this inhibitory effect and promotes algal growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SF6 is a strong greenhouse effect gas, which is widely used in high-voltage electrical equipment such as circuit breakers and high-voltage switchgear because of its excellent insulation performance and arc extinguishing ability. In recent years, the use and emission of SF6 have been rising, and with the proposal of the dual carbon strategic goal, its harmless degradation has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, SF6 was degraded by pulsed DBD plasma technology and O2. Studies have shown that the addition of O2 can effectively promote the degradation of SF6. With the increase in the added O2 content, the DRE and EY of SF6 first increased and then decreased. Under the conditions of the input power of 50 W, SF6 concentration of 2%, and gas flow rate of 50 mL/min, the reaction system obtained the highest DRE and EY of 58.40% and 5.24 g/kWh when the O2 content was 1%, respectively. In the SF6/Ar/O2/H2O system, the addition of H2O could improve the product selectivity of SO2F2, and when the O2 concentration was 1%, the highest selectivity of SO2F2 was 48.96%, and the concentration was 8006.76 ppm. The addition of O2 inhibited the production of SO2, and with the addition of the O2 system, SO2F2 and SOF4 were the main components of degradation products; however, there were also SOF2, SO2, SiF4, SF4, etc. In this paper, the decomposition path of O2 under SF6 was analyzed in detail according to infrared spectroscopy and decomposition products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the maximum CO2 capture capacity of an ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) was evaluated at high pressure (35 atm) and several temperatures (0, 10, 20, and 35 °C). CMK-3 was synthesized with the hard template method (silica SBA-15) using furfuryl alcohol and toluene as carbon sources. The CO2 adsorption isotherms were fitted to the following adsorption theories: Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips, Toth, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin. The maximum capture capacity (726.7 mg·g−1) was achieved at 0 °C and 34 atm. The results of the study of successive adsorption–desorption cycles showed that multi-cycle reversible gas capture processes could be used in optimal temperature and pressure conditions. It was determined that 0.478 g of CMK-3 would be required to reduce the CO2 concentration in 1 m3 of air to pre-industrial levels (280 ppm). The obtained results may contribute to technological developments for the mitigation of human impacts on the environment through the capture of atmospheric CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The healthcare system plays a pivotal role in environmental sustainability, and the operating room (OR) significantly contributes to its overall carbon footprint. In response to this critical challenge, leading medical societies, government bodies, regulatory agencies, and industry stakeholders are taking measures to address healthcare sustainability and its impact on climate change. Healthcare now represents almost 20% of the US national economy and 8.5% of US carbon emissions. Internationally, healthcare represents 5% of global carbon emissions. US Healthcare is an outlier in both per capita cost, and per capita greenhouse gas emission, with almost twice per capita emissions compared to every other country in the world. Methods: The Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) and the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) established the Sustainability in Surgical Practice joint task force in 2023. This collaborative effort aims to actively promote education, mitigation, and innovation, steering surgical practices toward a more sustainable future. Results: Several key initiatives have included a survey of members' knowledge and awareness, a scoping review of terminology, metrics, and initiatives, and deep engagement of key stakeholders. Discussion: This position paper serves as a Call to Action, proposing a series of actions to catalyze and accelerate the surgical sustainability leadership needed to respond effectively to climate change, and to lead the societal transformation towards health that our times demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Across the last 150 years, global CO2 emissions have grown at an increasing, exponential pace. Based on the well‐documented tendency to underestimate such exponential growth, we hypothesize and test in three studies (total N = 1796, including one nationally representative US sample) that people would fail to understand the historical, exponential growth of global CO2 emissions. However, we also show that providing a simple rule of thumb can serve as an effective educational boost that helps overcome this biased perception. Participants who were provided with the heuristic that historically, global CO2 emissions have doubled every thirty years provided highly accurate estimates of past emission levels. Compared to participants who relied on intuition, those who applied this doubling heuristic avoided common errors in understanding the current state of the climate change threat and made more realistic expectations of the future consequences of uninterrupted growth. Together, these studies show that overcoming the exponential growth bias helps people form more accurate perceptions of historic CO2 emissions growth and understand the difficulty of curbing future emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conversion of carbon dioxide to chemical raw materials or high value-added products can utilize the abundant carbon resources in nature as well as mitigate the greenhouse effect caused by excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide process suffers from the problems of low product selectivity, low current efficiency, and poor electrode stability, and thus its application has been affected to some extent. In this study, bulk zinc-aluminum hydrotalcite (ZnAl-LDH) was prepared by the co-precipitation method, and the activity towards CO2 reduction was limited due to the stacking of the laminae, which led to the overlap of active sites. The electrochemical impedance was large and the electron transfer ability was poor, so it was thermally modified by means of calcination at different temperatures. Combined with the thermal stability of hydrotalcite, three representative temperatures, 300℃, 500℃ and 900℃ were selected, and the derived oxides obtained under calcination had different structures and thus possessed different activities towards CO2RR. Through electrochemical and physical characterizations, it was found that the ZnAl-LDH calcined at 900℃ was highly active for the electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, and the Faraday efficiency of carbon monoxide (FECO) of this material reached as high as 93% at a voltage of -1.05 V (vs RHE) with excellent electrochemical stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Greenhouse is one kind of protected cultivation facility with plastic film as the covering material and bamboo or steel frame as the supporting structure. Solar radiation is one of the most important influencing factors on the thermal energy environment inside the greenhouses. Only the greenhouse effect without heating can make the internal temperature higher than the outside in the cold regions. The solar radiation received by a greenhouse is strongly related to some parameters, such as geographical location, climatic conditions, orientation, and shape. Therefore, it is very necessary to optimize the shape, orientation, and size of greenhouses, in order to maximize the use of winter solar radiation and then effectively reduce winter heating requirements and operating costs. The optimal shape and orientation of greenhouses can vary slightly in the height of the crop canopy, such as fruit, leafy vegetables, and flowers. However, it is still lacking to consider the canopy height of the crops in the greenhouse structure, according to the capture of solar radiation on the lighting surfaces. In this study, a novel model was developed to optimize the ridge-shape greenhouse using canopy height and constant volume constraints. The amount of solar radiation was also maximized to capture the lighting surface and the effective planting area. A systematic analysis was implemented to explore the influence of the greenhouse height ratio and azimuth angle on solar radiation capture under the constant internal energy demand. The optimal combination of parameters was achieved in the different ridge ratios and regions. More light was harvested and converted at the expense of the greenhouse into heat stored in the greenhouse, thus reducing night-time heating costs. A comparative analysis was also made to verify the calculated and measured values of the solar radiation model. The results show that the solar radiation captured by the greenhouses was positively correlated with the height and ridge ratio. The difference in solar radiation with different ridge ratios decreased with the decrease in height ratio. The amount of solar radiation captured inside the greenhouse increased with the decrease of regional latitude at the same height ratio. Most solar radiation showed a decreasing and then increasing trend with the increase of azimuth angle. The preferred height ratios in different regions were related only to the height of the crop canopy. The higher the latitude under the same conditions was, the greater the ridge ratio and canopy height were. The greater angle of azimuth was preferably obtained by the greenhouse deflected with respect to the north-south direction. This finding can improve the thermal insulation and heat storage with heating cost savings in the greenhouse. A theoretical basis can also offer to advance the overall planning and development of greenhouses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions sourced from agricultural and industrial activities have gained much attention because of their contribution to the global greenhouse effect and ozone layer depletion. Significant efforts have been devoted to developing the cost-effective and highly efficient technologies for N 2 O removal. The direct N 2 O decomposition is limited by the thermodynamic equilibrium at high temperatures. Recently, catalytic reduction of N 2 O with carbon-free hydrogen derived from in situ ammonia decomposition is considered as an ideal approach. Herein, thermal decomposition of N 2 O is investigated by employing a BaCe 0.85 Fe 0.15 O 3-δ -BaCe 0.15 Fe 0.85 O 3-δ (BCF8515-BCF1585) hydrogen-transporting membrane or a Ce 0.85 Sm 0.15 O 1.925 -Sm 0.6 Sr 0.4 FeO 3-δ (SDC-SSF) oxygen-transporting membrane respectively. It is noted that the membrane catalysis of N 2 O decomposition by reacting with permeated hydrogen or via in-situ oxygen removal displayed significant advantages over the direct thermal decomposition of N 2 O under a fixed bed condition. Moreover, the N 2 O conversion as well as hydrogen/oxygen permeability of such membranes were greatly improved by the introduction of porous Ni–CeO 2 or SDC-NCO layers due to the increased catalytic activities and hydrogen/oxygen surface exchange kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Climate change has an effect on the most fundamental aspects of health; it poses a threat to factors fundamental to good health and has the potential to reverse decades of advancement in global health. Aim: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of climate changes educational program on asthmatic women's health knowledge and Practices in outpatient chest clinic. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. Setting: The study was conducted in outpatient chest clinic at EL- Fayoum University Hospital. Sample: Convenience sample was used to choice 100 asthmatic women. Tool: one tool was used as structured interview sheet that divided into four parts, Demographic characteristic, current medical history, women knowledge, and reported practices regarding climate change Results: the current study revealed that the women mean knowledge and reported practices was improved post education program than pre (9.71 ± 3.75 to 21.21 ± 3.06), and (61.51 ± 12.56 to 85.86 ± 2.86) respectively at p-level ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: the present study concluded that educational program had a significant effect on women's knowledge and reported practices regarding climate change also delineates that positive significant correlation between women's knowledge and reported practices pre and post education program. Recommendation: continuous education program that would help women to improve knowledge, and reported practices in facing the effect of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of implementing recirculating drainage for greenhouse strawberries is often overlooked because of the low electrical conductivity (EC) of drainage and transpiration despite the large area of cultivation in Korea. In this study, we analyzed the growth of strawberry crops and their water and individual nutrient use efficiency when using closed-loop hydroponics in greenhouses. The study consisted of two parts: Experiment (Exp) 1 and Exp 2, each of which employed a different closed-loop hydroponic control method. In Exp 1, the system was controlled solely based on the EC of the drainage mixed with raw water. In Exp 2, the nutrient solution (NS) was corrected according to the ion concentrations in the drainage, with correction intervals of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and no correction, while the control treatment was open-loop. In Exp 1, a prolonged increase in drainage EC resulted in an imbalance in NS ion composition and reduced fruit yield. In Exp 2, the NS composition was stabilized through periodic nutrient correction, and the fruit yield of the closed-loop treatments did not differ from the open-loop treatment. However, the closed-loop with 2- and 4-week correction in Exp 2 showed 94% and 88% higher nutrient use efficiency (NUE), respectively, than an open-loop system. Among the closed-loop treatments, the 2- and 4-week correction intervals had 36% and 32% higher NUE than the no-correction treatment. Furthermore, the 2-week correction interval showed a 3% improvement in NUE compared to the 4-week interval. These findings highlight the importance of considering a shorter ion correction interval for optimal NUE and normal plant growth in recirculating hydroponic systems of strawberry cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change mitigation requires creative solutions to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG). Little research has been performed on GHG emissions from shaded turfgrass systems, resulting in a lack of best management practice (BMP) development. The aim of this research was to investigate the soil flux of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) as impacted by shade [shade (98.8%) versus sun (100%)] and differing sources (fast- versus slow-release) and rates (147 versus 294 kg ha−1 yr−1) of nitrogen (N) fertilizers on creeping bentgrass putting greens. The results show that emissions of soil CO2 and soil N2O are significantly lower in shaded plots versus sunny plots. The presence of N fertilizer significantly increased soil CO2 emissions over unfertilized plots. Quick-release N fertilizer fluxed significantly more soil N2O than the slow-release N fertilizers. Turfgrass color was significantly higher on the sunny green versus the shaded green except in late summer. Turfgrass quality was significantly higher for the shaded green versus the sunny green. Milorganite improved turfgrass quality whereas urea decreased turfgrass quality due to fertilizer burn. When N is needed to improve turfgrass color and quality, the use of slow-release N sources should be a BMP for shaded greens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immediately following core formation on Mars, the planet underwent a magma ocean phase. Volatiles released from the magma ocean fostered a primitive atmosphere which modulated heat loss from the cooling planet through the greenhouse effect. The solidification and degassing of the magma ocean are therefore coupled. In this work, we investigate two important aspects of this evolution: (a) the dynamics of melt trapping at the freezing front of the residual mantle and (b) the oxidation state during crystallization. For crystallization rates applicable to the martian magma, compaction is inefficient, leading to large fractions of melt trapped together with the crystals accumulating in the residual mantle. The H2O content of the martian residual mantle is strongly influenced by dynamic melt trapping. Following magma ocean crystallization, up to 55.4% of the initial H2O in the magma ocean is sequestered in the residual mantle, with the rest outgassed to the surface. Dynamic melt trapping also limits variations in trace element concentrations and fractionations. Resulting variations in important isotopic parent/daughter ratios (Sm/Nd, Lu/Hf) cannot account for all of the isotopic diversity inferred for martian basalt source regions, hence requiring alternative mechanisms. The redox state of the magma ocean exerts a strong control on the total CO2 content of the residual mantle and the time of crystallization. Under oxidizing conditions, the residual mantle stores 0.01% of the delivered CO2 but under the most reducing conditions we examined, the residual mantle can sequester 80.4% in the form of trapped carbonated melt and graphite/diamond. Plain Language Summary: The crystallization of the magma ocean phase of early Mars evolution is expected to affect the distribution of volatiles such as water and carbon. The amount of volatiles trapped in Mars' interior in its early evolution has been debated. It is generally assumed that most of these volatiles escaped the Martian interior early on to create a primitive atmosphere, leaving the interior nearly empty of volatiles. Water and carbon dioxide released during the crystallization of the magma ocean forms an early martian atmosphere that captures heat loss from the cooling planet through the greenhouse effect. In this numerical work, we show that this coupled evolution of the volatile degassing and magma ocean crystallization trapped much more melt and therefore more volatiles than previously thought due to the rapid freezing of the magma ocean. Our models show that up to 55.4% of the total planetary budget of water and up to 80.4% of CO2 as trapped carbonated melt and graphite/diamond can be stored in the mantle due to this previously unaccounted process on Mars. Key Points: Coupled evolution model of melt trapping and oxidation state of the martian magma oceanH2O and trace element content of residual mantle strongly influenced by dynamic melt trappingRedox state of the magma ocean controls CO2 content in the residual mantle [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to higher alcohols is one of the important ways to realize the high value utilization of CO2 and mitigate the greenhouse effect. The research progress on catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols in recent years was reviewed. Firstly, the favorable reaction conditions and catalyst requirements for catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were analyzed from the thermodynamic point of view. Then the researches of different types of catalysts (precious metal based, copper based, cobalt and molybdenum based catalysts) applicable to the field were introduced. Finally, based on the key intermediates and main reaction pathways, the synthesis mechanisms of catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were summarized. Through summary and analysis, the main challenges in the research of catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols were pointed out, and the future research direction in the field was prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Coal Science & Technology (0253-2336) is the property of Coal Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Highlights Based on the concept of green earth, many scholars have proposed many future research hotspots such as carbon‐negative technology, circular economy and green energy. The purpose of this research is to explore the carbon‐negative technologies and waste materialization technologies to alleviate the greenhouse effect and environmental degradation. Improper grinding strategies lead to some problems such as low utilization of filler and high cost of technologies. This researches not only improve the utilization efficiency of various filler powders produced by systematic grinding strategies but also propose waste practical materialization technologies to recycle several bulk wastes such as bio‐plastic waste, agricultural waste and secondary waste from grinding process. This paper evaluates the performance of bio‐composite from many aspects: mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, SEM morphology and TGA analysis. Simulation and mechanism analysis of microstructure of the bio‐composites which undergo formation process are carried out based on various experimental results including micro characteristics of filler and multitudinous properties of bio‐composites. These researchs, which are vital to achieve industrialization scale materialization of bio‐polymer fillers, have certain academic significance and provide the basis for the further development of sustainable research on diversified recycle of wastes. The researchs found that SBFP filler has the best comprehensive benefits involving cost, mechanical properties and other properties. Larger particle size fillers such as SRBFP produce aggregates and voids which reduce the TGA and thermal conductivity of the bio‐composites. This research focuses on enhancing the feasibility of utilizing natural polymer fillers in the industrial manufacturing of bio‐composites. Researching systematic grinding strategies to produce various fillers can help reduce the highest cost of industrial manufacturing of bio‐composites. This research discusses the influence of filler's variables on mechanical performance from two perspectives. Explored the impact of fluctuation in filler loading on mechanical performance from a vertical perspective. The mechanical performance of biocompsites contained fillers with different characteristics is comparatively analyzed from a horizontal perspective. Qualitative and quantitative analysis are conducted on polymer fillers to obtain the micro characteristics of filler particles which are combined with the various characterization results of the bio‐composite to conduct comprehensive research. Based on the micro characteristics of filler particles and thermal conductivity test results, a systematic TGA analysis of the bio‐composite is carried out. Several microscopic models of structure of bio‐composite, which help to visually conduct mechanism research, is established based on various experimental results to concretize the formation process of bio‐composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elevated concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere pose significant challenges, notably contributing to the greenhouse effect. CO2 as an abundant C1 resource converting into high-value oxazolidinones is a promising avenue for effective carbon fixation. Herein, a highly stable binuclear cerium–organic framework, [Ce2(DCTP)2(DMA)2(OAc)2]n (1), has been successfully designed and synthesized, which maintains the intact three-dimensional framework after immersing in solutions with pH ranging from 1 to 12 and various common solvents for 24 hours, respectively. Explorations on CO2 conversion indicate that compound 1 exhibits remarkable catalytic efficiency in the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with aziridines to form oxazolidinones under relatively low CO2 pressure. 1 can be easily regenerated five times without a significant decrease in yield. Mechanistic experiments show that the high catalytic activity of 1 is attributed to the stable three-dimensional framework, high Lewis acidity, and ample cerium active sites. Notably, 1 is a rare lanthanide metal–organic framework-based (Ln-MOF-based) catalyst for the cycloaddition of CO2 with aziridines under mild pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Possible local influence of an extreme marine heatwave is investigated on unprecedentedly hot summer around northern Japan in 2023. Sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) and subsurface ocean temperatures around northern Japan were also unprecedentedly high in the summer. This was especially the case off the east coast of Japan, where cool Oyashio water was replaced with much warmer water due to a striking poleward meander of the Kuroshio Extension persistent from the spring. Particularly amplified near-surface air temperature anomalies and even stronger warm anomalies in the subsurface ocean suggest that the marine heatwave acted to sustain the atmospheric heatwave. Anomalous upward of latent and sensible heat fluxes from the warmed sea surface are indicative of local oceanic impact. The warm SST anomalies reduced the lower-tropospheric stratification to maintain unfavourable condition for low-level cloud formation, which in turn led to increased surface insolation for further SST warming as positive feedback. The increased moisture in the warmed lower troposphere contributed to the enhanced surface downward longwave radiation. This enhanced greenhouse effect acted not only as positive feedback on the warm SST anomalies that increased evaporation but also as a contributor for the extreme warmth over northern Japan landmass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convective processes are crucial in shaping exoplanetary atmospheres but are computationally expensive to simulate directly. A novel technique of simulating moist convection on tidally locked exoplanets is to use a global 3D model with a stretched mesh. This allows us to locally refine the model resolution to 4.7 km and resolve fine-scale convective processes without relying on parameterizations. We explore the impact of mesh stretching on the climate of a slowly rotating TRAPPIST-1e-like planet, assuming it is 1:1 tidally locked. In the stretched-mesh simulation with explicit convection, the climate is 5 K colder and 25% drier than that in the simulations with parameterized convection(with both stretched and quasi-uniform meshes). This is due to the increased cloud reflectivity—because of an increase in low-level cloudiness—and exacerbated by the diminished greenhouse effect due to less water vapor. At the same time, our stretched-mesh simulations reproduce the key characteristics of the global climate of tidally locked rocky exoplanets, without any noticeable numerical artifacts. Our methodology opens an exciting and computationally feasible avenue for improving our understanding of 3D mixing in exoplanetary atmospheres. Our study also demonstrates the feasibility of a global stretched-mesh configuration for LFRic-Atmosphere, the next-generation Met Office climate and weather model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, one of the main challenges that industry faces is its impact on global warming, linked to the greenhouse effect and ozone hole problems. These two environmental issues have not yet been solved completely and, concerning the industrial cold sector, countries are making various decisions on refrigerants. Magnetic refrigeration potentially represents a less impactful refrigeration technology. In this review, the physical basis of magnetic refrigeration is analysed, in order to propose this technology for industrial use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Methane (CH4) is a by-product of ruminant microbial fermentation, leading to a 2–12% loss of feed energy. The greenhouse gas effect of methane in the atmosphere is 28 times greater than that of carbon dioxide. Recent studies have shown that supplementing feed additives can effectively reduce ruminal methane emissions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Sargassum mcclurei (S. mcclurei) in mitigating methane emissions using different treatment methods and supplementation levels through in vitro rumen fermentation. Three supplementation levels were tested for both dried and freeze-dried treatments over 48 h of in vitro rumen fermentation. Fermentation gas production was recorded, and after fermentation, methane production, dry matter degradation (DMD), and various fermentation parameters were measured. The addition of S. mcclurei affected crude protein degradation (CPD) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. The freeze-dried S. mcclurei at a 2% supplementation level reduced methane emissions by 18.85%. Methane emissions from ruminants significantly contribute to greenhouse gases. This study explores the methane mitigation effect and mechanism of S. mcclurei through in vitro rumen fermentation, aiming to establish its potential as a feed additive. We investigated the effects of freeze-dried and dried S. mcclurei at supplementation levels of 2%, 5%, and 10% of dry matter on nutrient degradation, ruminal fermentation, methane inhibition, and microbial community structure in in vitro rumen fermentation. The freeze-dried S. mcclurei at 2% supplementation significantly reduced CH4 emissions by 18.85% and enhanced crude protein degradability. However, total VFA and acetate concentrations were lower in both treatments compared to the control. The microbial shifts included a decrease in Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group and Ruminococcus and an increase in Selenomonas, Succinivibrio, and Saccharofermentans, promoting propionate production. Additionally, a significant reduction in Methanomicrobium was observed, indicating direct methane mitigation. Freeze-dried S. mcclurei at a 2% supplementation level shows potential as an effective methane mitigation strategy with minimal impact on rumen fermentation, supported by detailed insights into microbial community changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The increasing CO2 emissions and their direct impact on climate change due to the greenhouse effect are environmental issues that must be solved as soon as possible. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are one class of crystalline adsorbent materials that are thought to have enormous potential in CO2 capture applications. In this research, the effect of changing the metal center between Zr(IV), Ce(IV), and Hf(IV), and the linker between BDC and PDC has been fully studied. Thus, the six UiO-66 isoreticular derivatives have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR, PXRD, TGA, and N2 adsorption. We also report the BET surface area, CO2 adsorption capacities, kinetics, and the adsorption isosteric heat (Qst) of the UiO-66 derivatives mentioned family. The CO2 adsorption kinetics were evaluated using pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Avrami's kinetic models, and the rate-limiting step with Boyd's film diffusion, interparticle diffusion, and intraparticle diffusion models. The isosteric heats of CO2 adsorption using various MOFs are in the range 20–65 kJ mol−1 observing differences in adsorption capacities between 1.15 and 4.72 mmol g−1 at different temperatures due to the electrostatic interactions between CO2 and extra-framework metal ions. The isosteric heat of adsorption calculation in this report, which accounts for the unexpectedly high heat released from Zr-UiO-66-PDC, is finally represented as an increase in the interaction of CO2 with the PDC linker and an increase in Qst with defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infertility, a worldwide reproductive health concern, impacts approximately one in five couples. Male infertility, stemming from spermatogenic dysfunction and reduced sperm quality, stands as a primary factor contributing to infertility. Given the global decrease in male fertility linked to environmental factors like the greenhouse effect, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive understanding of how increased temperatures impact both the quantity and quality of sperm. In this study, we utilized Pandora-seq technology to detect the small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) expression profile in the testicular tissue of heat-stressed mice. The investigation explores the dynamic shifts in sncRNAs within the mouse testis under heat stress, including miRNAs, tsRNAs, piRNAs, rsRNAs and other sncRNAs. Furthermore, we successfully identified differentially expressed sncRNAs in testicular tissues before and after heat stress. Subsequently, we conducted functional enrichment analysis on the potential predicted target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs and tsRNAs. These datasets will constitute a valuable foundational resource for further investigations into the decline in male reproductive capacity triggered by heat stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil denitrification is an important pathway of soil nitrogen loss. The large amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in agricultural production leads to the increase of soil N2O emission, and it has caused environmental problems such as the enhanced greenhouse effect. At the same time, soil denitrification is also the main way of N2O reduction, so controlling the ratio of soil denitrification products N2O/(N2O+N2) is the key to reduce soil N2O emission. Based on a large quantity of relevant researches, this paper summarized the measurement methods and influencing factors of denitrification product ratio in soil and the mechanism of biochar addition affecting soil denitrification product ratio. The results showed that there was still existing uncertainty about the effect of biochar application on denitrification product ratio, and whether biochar addition could effectively regulate denitrification product ratio and reduce N2O emission was affected by some influencing factors, such as soil physicochemical properties, biochar properties and application amount. Based on the above research status, the future prospects for improving the measurement methods of denitrification products and clarifying the quantitative effects of biochar addition denitrification products ratio and its key influencing factors were proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial emphasizes the urgent need to treat the climate crisis and biodiversity loss as a single, intertwined global health emergency. It argues that addressing climate change and nature loss separately is a critical error, given their profound and interconnected impacts on health and ecosystems. It call for a unified approach in global policies and health strategies to tackle both crises simultaneously.

The greenhouse effect is a complex scientific phenomenon that plays a crucial role in understanding climate change. Grasping students' understanding of this phenomenon on the content‐specific level but also how students' conceptions are organized is vital for effective climate change education. This study addresses both levels and delves into the relationship between students' frameworks and knowledge pieces of the greenhouse effect through the analysis of multiple‐choice questions, employing Bayesian correlations and multiple logistic regression. We thereby focus on specific types of conceptualizations of the greenhouse effect that have been identified in previous research and furthermore investigate the coherency of them. To do so, we analyzed answers of N = 604 grade 11 students in Austria and Germany and interpreted them from different theoretical perspectives. The findings showed that students hold various ideas about the greenhouse effect that are only seldom coherent, in particular when it comes to adequate ideas about the greenhouse effect. However, especially for a reflection‐based framework of the greenhouse effect, our results demonstrate that students' conceptions show some form of coherency. We argue that our results can inform the development of effective teaching strategies that address students' existing knowledge and alternative conceptions. In terms of practical implications, the findings suggest that teaching strategies should provide opportunities for students to integrate their knowledge pieces into a more coherent understanding of the greenhouse effect. The study highlights the need for further investigation into the relationship between knowledge pieces and frameworks not only for the greenhouse effect, but for science education in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The steep increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions has created great concern due to its role in the greenhouse effect and global warming. One approach to mitigate CO2 levels involves its application in specific technologies. In this context, CO2 can be used for a more sustainable synthesis of polycarbonates (CO2-PCs). In this research, CO2-PC films and composites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, ranging from 0.2 to 7.0 wt.%) have been prepared to achieve more sustainable multifunctional sensing devices. The inclusion of the carbonaceous fillers allows for the electrical conductivity to be enhanced, reaching the percolation threshold (Pc) at 0.1 wt.% MWCNTs and a maximum electrical conductivity of 0.107 S·m−1 for the composite containing 1.5 wt.% MWCNTs. The composite containing 3.0 wt.% MWCNTs was also studied, showing a stable and linear response under temperature variations from 40 to 100 °C and from 30 to 45 °C, with a sensitivity of 1.3 × 10−4 °C−1. Thus, this investigation demonstrates the possibility of employing CO2-derived PC/MWCNT composites as thermoresistive sensing materials, allowing for the transition towards sustainable polymer-based electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]