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105. Antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of immediate-release nisoldipine in chronic stable angina pectoris

Author

Glasser, Stephen P., Bittar, Neville, Labreche, Dustan G., Singh, Bramah, Katz, Richard, and Schulman, Peter

Subjects
Angina pectoris -- Drug therapy, Coronary heart disease -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study tested peak and trough efficacy of immediate-release nisoldipine (20 mg twice daily) added to existent [beta]-andrenergic blocking therapy. Patients were randomized with a history of chronic stable angina, while receiving a stable regimen of a [beta]-blocking agent, with exercise test-induced angina in association with 1 mm horizontal or downsloping ST-segment depression and exercise test reproducibility of [+ or -] 15%. Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (48-hour) was performed at 3 of 5 centers (44 patients). Efficacy was achieved in 53 patients (26 taking immediate-release nisoldipine/placebo in sequence and 27 taking placebo/immediate-release nisoldipine in sequence). Total exercise time increased compared with placebo at peak, but only a trend was seen at trough. Time to 1 mm ST-segment depression at peak and trough and ambulatory electrocardiographic parameters were also improved. Adverse effects were mild. This trial confirms that immediate-release nisoldipine when added to existent [beta]-blocker therapy is an active antianginal and anti-ischemic agent, but that the immediate-release formulation loses its antianginal effect at the end of its dosing interval (9 to 14 hours). This drug is therefore being examined in a new extended-release formulation (Coat-Core). (Am J Cardiol 1994;74:1165-1168)

Published
1994

106. Safety and compatibility of betaxolol hydrochloride combined with diltiazem or nifedipine therapy in stable angina pectoris

Author

Glasser, Stephen P., Friedman, Richard, Talibi, Talip, Smith, L. Kent, and Weir, E. Kenneth

Subjects
Angina pectoris -- Drug therapy, Betaxolol -- Evaluation, Diltiazem -- Dosage and administration, Nifedipine -- Dosage and administration, Health
Abstract

Compared with placebo, adding betaxolol 20 mg every day to nifedipine (up to 60 mg/day in divided doses) or diltiazem (up to 360 mg/day in divided doses) for a 3-week treatment period in 135 patients with stable angina pectoris significantly (p

Published
1994

107. Efficacy and safety of extended-release isosorbide mononitrate for stable effort angina pectoris

Author

Chrysant, Steven G., Glasser, Stephen P., Bittar, Neville, Shahidi, F. Eden, Danisa, Kola, Ibrahim, Radwin, Watts, L. Earl, Garutti, Ronald J., Ferraresi, Rudolfo, and Casareto, Roberto

Subjects
Vasodilators -- Evaluation, Angina pectoris -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

The efficacy and safety of extended-release isosorbide mononitrate tablets were evaluated in patients with stable effort angina. In a double-blind study, 313 patients with stable effort-induced angina were randomized to receive placebo or extended-release isosorbide mononitrate: 30, 60, 120 or 240 mg once daily in the morning, Serial exercise testing was performed using the standard Bruce treadmill protocol on days 1, 7, 14, 28 and 42 immediately before morning drug administration, and 4 and 12 hours after administration. After initial dosing, all groups that received extended-release isosorbide mononitrate had significant (p

Published
1993

108. Abstract P171: Effect of Intensive and Standard Clinic-Based Hypertension Management on the Concordance Between Clinic and Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Blood Pressure Variability: Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT)

Author

Ghazi, Lama, primary, Pajewski, Nicholas M, additional, Rifkin, Dena E, additional, Bates, Jeffrey T, additional, Chang, Tara I, additional, Cushman, Wlliam C, additional, Glasser, Stephen P, additional, Haley, William E, additional, Johnson, Karen C, additional, Kostis, William J, additional, Papademetriou, Vasilios, additional, Pinion, Mary, additional, Rahman, Mahboob, additional, Simmons, Debra L, additional, Taylor, Addison, additional, Whelton, Paul K, additional, Wright, Jackson T, additional, and Drawz, Paul E, additional

Published
2019
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111. Gender, blood pressure, and cardiovascular and renal outcomes in adults with hypertension from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial

Author

Foy, Capri G., primary, Lovato, Laura C., additional, Vitolins, Mara Z., additional, Bates, Jeffrey T., additional, Campbell, Ruth, additional, Cushman, William C., additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, Gillespie, Avrum, additional, Kostis, William J., additional, Krousel-Wood, Marie, additional, Muhlestein, Joseph B., additional, Oparil, Suzanne, additional, Osei, Kwame, additional, Pisoni, Roberto, additional, Segal, Mark S., additional, Wiggers, Alan, additional, and Johnson, Karen C., additional

Published
2018
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113. Comparison of Expert Adjudicated Coronary Heart Disease and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality With the National Death Index: Results From the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study

Author

Olubowale, Olusola Tope, primary, Safford, Monika M., additional, Brown, Todd M., additional, Durant, Raegan W., additional, Howard, Virginia J., additional, Gamboa, Christopher, additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, Rhodes, J. David, additional, and Levitan, Emily B., additional

Published
2017
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114. History of Cardiovascular Disease, Intensive Lifestyle Intervention, and Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Look AHEAD Trial.

Author

Lewis, Cora E., Bantle, John P., Bertoni, Alain G., Blackburn, George, Brancati, Frederick L., Bray, George A., Cheskin, Lawrence J., Curtis, Jeffrey M., Egan, Caitlin, Evans, Mary, Foreyt, John P., Ghazarian, Siran, Barone Gibbs, Bethany, Glasser, Stephen P., W. Gregg, Edward, Hazuda, Helen P., Hesson, Louise, Hill, James O., Horton, Edward S., and Hubbard, Van S.

Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, TYPE 2 diabetes, PHYSICAL fitness, WEIGHT loss, LIFESTYLES, RESEARCH, RESEARCH methodology, EVALUATION research, MEDICAL cooperation, COMPARATIVE studies, RESEARCH funding
Abstract

Objective: To examine the effects of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) on cardiovascular disease (CVD), the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial randomized 5,145 participants with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity to a ILI or diabetes support and education. Although the primary outcome did not differ between the groups, there was suggestive evidence of heterogeneity for prespecified baseline CVD history subgroups (interaction P = 0.063). Event rates were higher in the ILI group among those with a CVD history (hazard ratio 1.13 [95% CI: 0.90-1.41]) and lower among those without CVD (hazard ratio 0.86 [95% CI: 0.72-1.02]).Methods: This study conducted post hoc analyses of the rates of the primary composite outcome and components, adjudicated cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and hospitalization for angina, as well as three secondary composite cardiovascular outcomes.Results: Interaction P values for the primary and two secondary composites were similar (0.060-0.064). Of components, the interaction was significant for nonfatal MI (P = 0.035). This interaction was not due to confounding by baseline variables, different intervention responses for weight loss and physical fitness, or hypoglycemic events. In those with a CVD history, statin use was high and similar by group. In those without a CVD history, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were higher (P = 0.003) and statin use was lower (P ≤ 0.001) in the ILI group.Conclusions: Intervention response heterogeneity was significant for nonfatal MI. Response heterogeneity may need consideration in a CVD-outcome trial design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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116. Endothelium-derived vasoactive substances in myocardial ischemia

Author

Glasser, Stephen P.

Subjects
Coronary heart disease -- Care and treatment, Vasoconstrictors -- Evaluation, Endothelium -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Increasing knowledge of the complex mechanisms involved in maintaining normal vascular tone enable selection of targeted antianginal therapies. However, the individual response of each patient will direct the choice of medication used to alleviate ischemic symptoms. Moreover, an appreciation of risk reduction through diet and lipid-lowering efforts becomes more important as the dynamic and intricate roles of the endothelium and endothelium-derived relaxing factor in modulating vasomotor tone become apparent.

Published
1993

117. Correlates of Incident Cognitive Impairment in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study

Author

McClure, Leslie A., Wadley, Virginia G., Unverzagt, Frederick W., Cushman, Mary, Gillett, Sarah R., Thacker, Evan L., Letter, Abraham J., Kissela, Brett M., Kennedy, Richard E., Glasser, Stephen P., and Levine, Deborah A.

Abstract

Objective: To identify approximately 500 cases of incident cognitive impairment (ICI) in a large, national sample adapting an existing cognitive test-based case definition and to examine relationships of vascular risk factors with ICI. Method: Participants were from the REGARDS study, a national sample of 30,239 African-American and White Americans. Participants included in this analysis had normal cognitive screening and no history of stroke at baseline, and at least one follow-up cognitive assessment with a three-test battery (TTB). Regression-based norms were applied to TTB scores to identify cases of ICI. Logistic regression was used to model associations with baseline vascular risk factors. Results: We identified 495 participants with ICI of 17,630 eligible participants. In multivariable modeling, income (OR 1.83 CI 1.27,2.62), stroke belt residence (OR 1.45 CI 1.18,1.78), history of transient ischemic attack (OR 1.90 CI 1.29,2.81), coronary artery disease(OR 1.32 CI 1.02,1.70), diabetes (OR 1.48 CI 1.17,1.87), obesity (OR 1.40 CI 1.05,1.86), and incident stroke (OR 2.73 CI 1.52,4.90) were associated with ICI. Conclusions: We adapted a previously validated cognitive test-based case definition to identify cases of ICI. Many previously identified risk factors were associated with ICI, supporting the criterion-related validity of our definition.

Published
2015
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118. Antihypertensive medications and sexual function in women

Author

Thomas, Holly N., primary, Evans, Gregory W., additional, Berlowitz, Dan R., additional, Chertow, Glenn M., additional, Conroy, Molly B., additional, Foy, Capri G., additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, Lewis, Cora E., additional, Riley, William T., additional, Russell, Laurie, additional, Williams, Olubunmi, additional, and Hess, Rachel, additional

Published
2016
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121. Long-Term Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Electrocardiographic Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The Look AHEAD Trial.

Author

Brinkley, Tina E, Anderson, Andrea, Soliman, Elsayed Z, Bertoni, Alain G, Greenway, Frank, Knowler, William C, Glasser, Stephen P, Horton, Edward S, Espeland, Mark A, and Group, Look AHEAD Research

Subjects
LEFT ventricular hypertrophy, TYPE 2 diabetes, CLINICAL trial registries, WEIGHT loss, LOGISTIC regression analysis
Abstract

BACKGROUND Left ventricular hypertrophy assessed by electrocardiography (ECG-LVH) is a marker of subclinical cardiac damage and a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The prevalence of ECG-LVH is increased in obesity and type 2 diabetes; however, there are no data on the long-term effects of weight loss on ECG-LVH. The purpose of this study was to determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) reduces ECG-LVH in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Data from 4,790 Look AHEAD participants (mean age: 58.8 ± 6.8 years, 63.2% White) who were randomized to a 10-year ILI (n = 2,406) or diabetes support and education (DSE, n = 2,384) were included. ECG-LVH defined by Cornell voltage criteria was assessed every 2 years. Longitudinal logistic regression analysis with generalized estimation equations and linear mixed models were used to compare the prevalence of ECG-LVH and changes in absolute Cornell voltage over time between intervention groups, with tests of interactions by sex, race/ethnicity, and baseline CVD status. RESULTS The prevalence of ECG-LVH at baseline was 5.2% in the DSE group and 5.0% in the ILI group (P = 0.74). Over a median 9.5 years of follow-up, prevalent ECG-LVH increased similarly in both groups (odds ratio: 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.83–1.25; group × time interaction, P = 0.49). Increases in Cornell voltage during follow-up were also similar between intervention groups (group × time interaction, P = 0.57). Intervention effects were generally similar between subgroups of interest. CONCLUSIONS The Look AHEAD long-term lifestyle intervention does not significantly lower ECG-LVH in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Trial Number NCT00017953 (ClinicalTrials.gov) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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122. Subclinical, hemodynamic, and echocardiographic abnormalities of high pulse pressure in hypertensive and non-hypertensive adults

Author

Glasser, Stephen P, Krasikov, Tatiana, Devereux, Richard B, Oberman, Albert, Patki, Amit, Kitzman, Dalane W, Rao, DC, and Arnett, Donna K

Subjects
Original Article
Abstract

Background: High pulse pressure (PP) is associated with cardiovascular events, but subclinical abnormalities in cardiac structure and function in relation to high pulse pressure are not well described. Methods and Results: 2225 hypertensive and 1380 non-hypertensive participants with adequate echocardiographic left ventricular measurements were evaluated. Non-hypertensives in the highest PP tertile (compared to the lower tertiles) were older (44 years vs. 40 years, p60 mmHG) was associated with a higher frequency of echocardiographic structural and functional abnormalities, specifically, greater posterior and relative wall thickness, longer isovolumic relaxation time, and concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Conclusion: In a population-based sample of hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants, higher PP was associated with subclinical abnormalities of cardiac structure and function, which exist even in the absence of hypertension and/or the use of antihypertensive treatment.

Published
2012

123. Abstract 48: Long-term Effects of an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Electrocardiographic Evidence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Trial

Author

Brinkley, Tina E, primary, Hogan, Patricia E, additional, Walkup, Michael P, additional, Soliman, Elsayed Z, additional, Bertoni, Alain G, additional, Greenway, Frank, additional, Knowler, William C, additional, Glasser, Stephen P, additional, Horton, Edward S, additional, and Espeland, Mark A, additional

Published
2016
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126. Correlates of Incident Cognitive Impairment in the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study

Author

Gillett, Sarah R., primary, Thacker, Evan L., additional, Letter, Abraham J., additional, McClure, Leslie A., additional, Wadley, Virginia G., additional, Unverzagt, Frederick W., additional, Kissela, Brett M., additional, Kennedy, Richard E., additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, Levine, Deborah A., additional, and Cushman, Mary, additional

Published
2015
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129. Orthostatic systolic blood pressure changes in SPRINT participants at baseline

Author

Townsend, Raymond R., primary, Cohen, Debbie L., additional, Chang, Tara I., additional, Cushman, William, additional, DelPinto, Rita, additional, Evans, Gregory C., additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, Haley, William, additional, Olney, Christine, additional, Oparil, Suzanne, additional, Pisone, Roberto, additional, Umanath, Kausik, additional, and Wright, Jackson, additional

Published
2015
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130. Smoking, inflammatory patterns and postprandial hypertriglyceridemia 1

Author

Kabagambe, Edmond K., Ordovas, Jose M., Tsai, Michael Y., Borecki, Ingrid B., Hopkins, Paul N., Glasser, Stephen P., and Arnett, Donna K.

Subjects
Adult, Hypertriglyceridemia, Inflammation, Male, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Smoking, Middle Aged, Ligands, Postprandial Period, Dietary Fats, Article, Oxidative Stress, Phenotype, Humans, Female, Insulin Resistance, Triglycerides, Aged
Abstract

Smoking is associated with increased postprandial hypertriglyceridemia (PPT). Inflammation and insulin resistance are potential "drivers" for this phenomenon. We tested whether inflammatory patterns and/or insulin resistance explain the effect of smoking on PPT.Men and women in the NHLBI Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) study (n=1036, age 49+/-16y) were included. Each participant was asked to suspend use of lipid-lowering drugs for 3 weeks and was given a high-fat milkshake (83% fat and 700kcal/m(2)). Triglyceride concentrations at 0, 3.5 and 6h after the fat load were measured. Inflammatory markers were measured at baseline. Principal component analysis was used to derive inflammatory patterns from individual inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL2 soluble receptor-alpha, IL6, TNF-alpha and MCP1). Insulin resistance (IR) was estimated using the HOMA equation. Repeated measures-ANOVA was used for analyses. Two inflammatory patterns, namely CRP-IL6 pattern and MCP1-TNF-alpha pattern, were derived. We found significant main (smoking and time) and interaction (smokingxtime) effects (P0.01) for triglycerides. The multivariate-adjusted triglyceride (mg/dL) concentrations (mean+/-S.E.M.) for never, past and current smokers were 127.38+/-1.04, 119.82+/-1.05 and 134.92+/-1.08 at 0h; 229.42+/-1.04, 238.39+/-1.05 and 293.94+/-1.08 at 3.5h; and 194.63+/-1.04, 208.38+/-1.05 and 248.27+/-1.08 at 6h after the fat load, respectively. Smoking remained significant after adjusting for HOMA-IR and/or inflammatory patterns which showed independent associations with PPT (P0.05).These data confirm impaired metabolism of fat among smokers and suggest that mechanisms other than inflammation or insulin resistance may explain the observed hypertriglyceridemia among smokers.

Published
2008

131. The association between insulin resistance and atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional analysis from SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial).

Author

Cho, Monique E., Craven, Timothy E., Cheung, Alfred K., Glasser, Stephen P., Rahman, Mahboob, Soliman, Elsayed Z., Stafford, Randall S., Johnson, Karen C., Bates, Jeffrey T., Burgner, Anna, Taylor, Addison A., Tamariz, Leonardo, Tang, Rocky, Beddhu, Srinivasan, and SPRINT Study Research Group

Abstract

It is unclear whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) in an older population with greater cardiovascular risk, including those with chronic kidney disease. The authors investigated the association between MetS and AF in participants in SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial). MetS was defined based on the Modified Third National Cholesterol Education Program. The baseline prevalence rate for MetS was 55%, while 8.2% of the participants had AF. In multivariate regression analyses, AF was not associated with presence of MetS in either chronic kidney disease or non-chronic kidney disease subgroups. Age, race, history of cardiovascular diseases, decreased triglycerides, decreased pulse pressure, and albuminuria remained significantly associated with AF risk. In contrast to the general population, MetS was not associated with AF in the older population with increased cardiovascular risk studied in SPRINT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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135. Trust in physicians and blood pressure control in blacks and whites being treated for hypertension in the REGARDS study.

Author

Durant, Raegan W, Durant, Raegan W, McClure, Leslie A, Halanych, Jewell H, Lewis, Cora E, Prineas, Ronald J, Glasser, Stephen P, Safford, Monika M, Durant, Raegan W, Durant, Raegan W, McClure, Leslie A, Halanych, Jewell H, Lewis, Cora E, Prineas, Ronald J, Glasser, Stephen P, and Safford, Monika M

Abstract

Trust in physicians was not related to blood pressure control among Blacks and Whites with treated hypertension in this sample. The racial disparity in blood pressure control was not completely explained by trust in physicians or medication adherence, and a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to this disparity is needed.

Published
2010

137. Perceived Stress Is Associated With Incident Coronary Heart Disease and All‐Cause Mortality in Low‐ but Not High‐Income Participants in the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study

Author

Redmond, Nicole, primary, Richman, Joshua, additional, Gamboa, Christopher M., additional, Albert, Michelle A., additional, Sims, Mario, additional, Durant, Raegan W., additional, Glasser, Stephen P., additional, and Safford, Monika M., additional

Published
2013
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