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In this consecutive series, 14 patients with severe intrabony defects and pathologic tooth migration were treated with guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and subsequent orthodontic therapy in an attempt to evaluate the validity of this multidisciplinary approach. Probing pocket depths (PPD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), and gingival recessions were assessed at baseline, 1 year after GTR, and at the end of orthodontic therapy. Radiographs were obtained at all time points. Esthetic parameters were recorded with the papilla presence index (PPI). Statistical analyses were carried out to compare the data at each time point. From baseline to 1 year after GTR, the mean PPD reduction was 5.57 mm, with a residual mean PPD of 2.71 mm; mean CAL gain was 5.86 mm. Both differences were statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between 1 year after GTR and the end of orthodontic therapy (mean PPD reduction 0.07 mm; mean CAL gain 0.43 mm). The reduction in PPI reflected the enhancement of papilla height that was observed in 9 of the 14 patients. Within the limits of this research, this study affirms the possibility of a combined orthodontic-periodontal approach that prevents damaging the regenerated periodontal apparatus and produces esthetic improvements as a result of realignments and enhancement of papilla height.

The valence band discontinuity of the lattice matched In0.48Ga0.52P/GaAs heterostructure was determined through a careful analysis of the temperature and frequency dependence of the admittance of p(+)/MQW/n(+) structures, formed by a nominally undoped InGaP/GaAs multiple quantum well region, interposed between p(+) and n(+) GaAs layers. The heterostructures were grown through metal organic vapor phase epitaxy by using tertiary butyl arsine and tertiary butyl phosphine as alternative precursors for the V-group elements. The growth conditions were optimized for obtaining sharp interfaces and negligible ordering effects in the cation sublattice. Accounting for the temperature dependence of the Fermi energy and the calculated confining energy (10 meV) of the heavy holes in the wells, a valence band offset Delta E-V= (356 +/- 5) meV was derived from the temperature variation of the resonance frequency at which the isothermal conductance over frequency G(omega)/omega curves show a maximum. The experimental uncertainty of this result is significantly low if compared with the wide range (240-400 meV) of the previously reported Delta E-V values. By considering the band gap difference between InGaP and GaAs, a conduction band offset Delta E-C=119 meV was estimated. The accuracy of the experimental procedure and the reliability of the main assumptions of the admittance spectroscopy measurements were accurately checked. The obtained results were discussed in light of the large and growing amount of literature data by taking into account the influence of the growth conditions on the physical properties of the InGaP/GaAs quantum wells.

The enormous changes in software engineering practice make it prudent to consider the interplay between software engineering research and practice. Toward that end, the authors provide an overall view of the motivations behind the Impact Project, the research methodology followed, and the project's development plan. They also explore more specific questions that separate study groups within the project have investigated. This research aims to determine what impact, if any, software engineering research has had upon practice and to substantiate any such impact with scholarly research appropriate to a scientific community.

This document is Deliverable D4.3 of PLASTIC Work Package 4 (WP4), titled: Test Framework: Assessment and Revision. It provides a detailed description of the most up-to-date version of the tools developed within WP4 along with guidelines for installing and using them. A first version of the tools with a preliminary accompanying description had been firstly released in Deliverable D4.2: Test Framework: Prototype Implementation, which can be considered superseded by this Deliverable. We refer throughout to WP4 Deliverable D4.1: Test Framework Specification and Architecture, which provided a comprehensive specification of the proposed PLASTIC validation framework, with state-of-the-art overview and justification for the adopted techniques. Although some of the basic principles underlying the framework are summoned up for completeness, the present deliverable must anyhow be considered together with D4.1. The PLASTIC validation framework is organised around two main phases, respectively called off-line and on-line. Off-line validation concerns validation at development time. In this phase services are tested in a fake/simulated environment that reproduces functional and/or extrafunctional run-time conditions. The tools made available for this stage are: 1. JAMBITION (see Chapter 2): this is a model-based testing tool that allows to automatically derive and execute invocation sequences on a service, checking whether the responses conform to a given specification, expressed as a Service State Machine (SSM). Jambition is based on a model based testing engine called Ambition , defined in D4.1, of which Jambition is the Java front-end. To facilitate the usage of Jambition, a library called MINERVA (see Chapter 3) has been embedded into the tool. Minerva permits to model SSMs via an UML modelling tool. 2. PUPPET (see Chapter 4): this is a tool to automatically generate stubs implementing external services invoked by the service under development. The mock services generated by Puppet exhibit a correct behaviour with respect to given non-functional properties. At the same time Puppet can generate stubs making invocations on the service under evaluation according to certain workload profiles. 3. WEEVIL (see Chapter 5): it consists of a synthetic-workload generator coupled with an environment for managing the deployment and execution of experiments. Weevil is intended to facilitate experimentation activities for distributed systems by providing engineers with a flexible, configurable, automated and, thus, repeatable process for evaluating their software on a networked testbed. On-line validation foresees testing of a service when it is ready for deployment and final usage. In particular, the PLASTIC validation framework supports validation during Live Usage, i.e., service behaviours are observed during real execution to reveal possible deviations from the expected behaviour. Also on-line validation can cover both functional and extra-functional properties. Tools developed to support this phase are: 1. DYNAMO-AOP (see Chapter 6): it is a framework for monitoring functional properties of external services which a BPEL process interacts with, to realize a composite service. 2. SLANGMON (see Chapter 7): it permits to dynamically detect violations of non-functional properties specified in SLAng (the PLASTIC language to specify service level specifications and service level agreements, developed within Work Package 2). Events related to the non-functional characteristics are logged and possibly used to redeem controversy.