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1,960 results on '"Gale, C"'

101. Dileptons from a Quark Gluon Plasma with Finite Baryon Density

Author

Majumder, A. and Gale, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We investigate the effects of a baryon-antibaryon asymmetry on the spectrum of dileptons radiating from a quark gluon plasma. We demonstrate the existence of a new set of processes in this regime. The dilepton production rate from the corresponding diagrams is shown to be as important as that obtained from the usual quark-antiquark annihilation., Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, REVTEX. Typos corrected, references added. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D

Published
2000
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102. A unique parametrization of the shapes of secondary dilepton spectra observed in central heavy-ion collisions at CERN-SPS energies

Author

Gallmeister, K., Kämpfer, B., Pavlenko, O. P., and Gale, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A unique parametrization of secondary (thermal) dilepton yields in heavy-ion experiments at CERN-SPS is proposed. This parametrization resembles a thermal $q \bar q$ annihilation rate. This is inspired by the observation that lepton pair production rates are quantitatively similar, whether expressed in a hadronic or partonic basis. Adding the thermal yield and the background contributions (hadronic cocktail, Drell-Yan, correlated semileptonic decays of open charm) the spectral shapes of the CERES/NA45, NA38, NA50 and HELIOS/3 data from experiments with lead and sulfur beams can be well described., Comment: 23 pages including figures (new version: only new output format)

Published
2000
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103. Meson Mixing and Dilepton Production in Heavy Ion Collisions

Author

Dutt-Mazumder, A. K., Gale, C., and Teodorescu, O.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We study the possibility of $\rho-a_0$ mixing via N-N excitations in dense nuclear matter. This mixing is found to induce a peak in the dilepton spectra at an invariant mass equal to that of the $a_0$. We calculate the cross section for dilepton production through mixing and we compare its size with that of $\pi-\pi$ annihilation. In-medium masses and mixing angles are also calculated. Some preliminary results of the mixing effect on the dilepton production rates at finite temperature are also presented., Comment: To be published in the proceedings of CIPANP 2000

Published
2000
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104. The effects of meson mixing on dilepton spectra

Author

Teodorescu, O., Dutt-Mazumder, A. K., and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The effect of scalar and vector meson mixing on the dilepton radiation from hot and dense hadronic matter is estimated in different isospin channels. In particular, we study the effect of $\sigma$-$\omega$ and $\rho-a_0$ mixing and calculate the corresponding rates. Effects are found to be significant compared to standard $\pi$-$\pi$ and $K$-${\bar K}$ annihilations. While the mixing in the isoscalar channel mostly gives a contribution in the invariant mass range between the two-pion threshold and the $\omega$ peak, the isovector channel mixing induces an additional peak just below that of the $\phi$. Experimentally, the dilepton signals from $\rho$-$a_0$ mixing seem to be more tractable than those from $\sigma$-$\omega$ mixing., Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures

Published
2000
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105. Baryonic contributions to the dilepton spectra in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Author

Bleicher, M., Dutt-mazumder, A. K., Gale, C., Ko, C. M., and Koch, V.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We investigate the baryonic contributions to the dilepton yield in high energy heavy ion collisions within the context of a transport model. The relative contribution of the baryonic and mesonic sources are examined. It is observed that most dominant among the baryonic channels is the decay of N*(1520) and mostly confined in the region below the rho peak. In a transport theory implementation we find the baryonic contribution to the lepton pair yield to be small., Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures

Published
2000

106. Dilepton Production and Chiral Symmetry

Author

Koch, V., Bleicher, M., Dutt-Mazumder, A. K., Gale, C., and Ko, C. M.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We discuss how dilepton production is related to chiral symmetry and its restoration. We then analyse presently available data by the CERES collaboration in this context. We find that the present data do not support any conclusions concerning the restoration of chiral symmetry. We finally provide a prediction for the dilepton spectrum for the just completed low energy (40 GeV) run at the SPS., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, Proceedings of the International Workshop XXVIII on Gross Properties of Nuclei and Nuclear Excitations, Hirschegg, Austria, Jan. 2000

Published
2000

107. Matter induced $\rho$-$\delta$ mixing : a source of dileptons

Author

Teodorescu, O., Dutt-Mazumder, A. K., and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We study the possibility of $\rho-\delta$ mixing via N-N excitations in dense nuclear matter. This mixing induces a peak in the dilepton spectra at an invariant mass equal to that of the $\delta$. We calculate the cross section for dilepton production through the mixing process and we compare its size with that of $\pi-\pi$ annihilation. In-medium masses and mixing angles are also calculated., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2000
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108. Rho properties in a hot meson gas

Author

Rapp, R. and Gale, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Using effective meson Lagrangians we study the interaction of rho mesons in a hot baryon-free system. Various mesonic resonances in direct $s$-channel reactions are investigated employing standard self-energy techniques, including new reactions that have up to now not been considered in a self-consistent approach at finite temperature. The importance of subthreshold resonances, which are readily accounted for through off-shell effects within our framework, is emphasized. Special care is taken in reproducing radiative decay widths, as they provide valuable constraints on the evaluation of dilepton spectra. In particular, we compare our results for dilepton production rates to earlier calculations based on an incoherent summation of individual processes., Comment: 14 pages ReVTeX including 5 eps-figures, slightly revised version (modified title, additional comparative comments)

Published
1999
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109. Neutrons from multiplicity-selected La-La and Nb-Nb collisions at 400A MeV and La-La collisions at 250A MeV

Author

Htun, M. M., Madey, R., Zhang, W. M., Elaasar, M., Keane, D., Anderson, B. D., Baldwin, A. R., Jiang, J., Scott, A., Shao, Y., Watson, J. W., Frankel, K., Heilbronn, L., Krebs, G., McMahan, M. A., Rathbun, W., Schambach, J., Westfall, G. D., Yennello, S., Gale, C., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Triple-differential cross sections for neutrons from high-multiplicity La-La collisions at 250 and 400 MeV per nucleon and Nb-Nb collisions at 400 MeV per nucleon were measured at several polar angles as a function of the azimuthal angle with respect to the reaction plane of the collision. The reaction plane was determined by a transverse-velocity method with the capability of identifying charged-particles with Z=1, Z=2, and Z > 2. The flow of neutrons was extracted from the slope at mid-rapidity of the curve of the average in-plane momentum vs the center-of-mass rapidity. The squeeze-out of the participant neutrons was observed in a direction normal to the reaction plane in the normalized momentum coordinates in the center-of-mass system. Experimental results of the neutron squeeze-out were compared with BUU calculations. The polar-angle dependence of the maximum azimuthal anisotropy ratio $r(\theta)$ was found to be insensitive to the mass of the colliding nuclei and the beam energy. Comparison of the observed polar-angle dependence of the maximum azimuthal anisotropy ratio $r(\theta)$ with BUU calculations for free neutrons revealed that $r(\theta)$ is insensitive also to the incompressibility modulus in the nuclear equation of state., Comment: ReVTeX, 16 pages, 17 figures. To be published in Physical Review C

Published
1998
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111. Development, validation and outcomes associated with a risk prediction algorithm for incident atrial fibrillation: retrospective national cohort study of 2 081 139 individuals

Author

Nadarajah, R, primary, Wu, J, additional, Hogg, D, additional, Raveendra, K, additional, Nakao, Y, additional, Nakao, K, additional, Arbel, R, additional, Haim, M, additional, Zahger, D, additional, Parry, J, additional, Bates, C, additional, Cowan, J C, additional, and Gale, C P, additional

Published
2023
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112. Presentation, care and outcomes of patients with NSTEMI according to World Bank country income classification: Prospective international multicentre cohort study of the ESC EORP NSTEMI registry

Author

Nadarajah, R, primary, Ludman, P, additional, Appelman, Y, additional, Brugaletta, S, additional, Budaj, A, additional, Bueno, H, additional, Huber, K, additional, Kunadian, V, additional, Leonardi, S, additional, Lettino, M, additional, Milasinovic, D, additional, and Gale, C P, additional

Published
2023
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114. Coherence Time in High Energy Proton-Nucleus Collisions

Author

Gale, C., Jeon, S., and Kapusta, J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Precisely measured Drell-Yan cross sections for 800 GeV protons incident on a variety of nuclear targets exhibit a deviation from linear scaling in the atomic number A. We show that this deviation can be accounted for by energy degradation of the proton as it passes through the nucleus if account is taken of the time delay of particle production due to quantum coherence. We infer an average proper coherence time of 0.4 +- 0.1 fm/c, corresponding to a coherence path length of 8 +- 2 fm in the rest frame of the nucleus., Comment: 11 pages in LaTeX. Includes 6 eps figures. Uses epsf.sty

Published
1998
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115. Intermediate-mass dilepton spectra and the role of secondary hadronic processes in heavy-ion collisions

Author

Li, G. Q. and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We carry out a study of intermediate-mass (between 1 and 2.5 GeV) dilepton spectra from hadronic interactions in heavy-ion collisions. The processes considered are $\pi\pi\to l{\bar l}$, $\pi\rho\to l{\bar l}$, $\pi a_1\to l{\bar l}$, $\pi\omega\to l{\bar l}$, $K{\bar K}\to l{\bar l}$, and $K{\bar K^*}+c.c \to l{\bar l}$. The elementary cross sections for those are obtained from chiral Lagrangians involving pseudoscalar, vector, and axial-vector mesons. The respective electromagnetic form factors are determined by fitting to experimental data for the reverse processes of $e^+e^-\to hadrons$. Based on this input we calculate cross sections and thermal dilepton emission rates and compare our results with those from other approaches. Finally we use these elementary cross sections with a relativistic transport model and calculate dilepton spectra in S+W collisions at SPS energies. The comparison of our results with experimental data from the HELIOS-3 collaboration indicates the importance of the secondary hadronic contributions to the intermediate-mass dilepton spectra., Comment: 25 pages, including 20 postscript figures

Published
1998
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116. Intermediate-mass dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions at 200A GeV

Author

Li, G. Q. and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Through the analysis of HELIOS-3 data obtained at the CERN SPS, we demonstrate the importance of secondary processes for dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions in the intermediate invariant mass region. We find that while the dilepton spectra between 1 to 2.5 GeV from proton-induced reactions can be attributed to the decay of primary vector mesons, charmed hadrons, and initial Drell-Yan processes; the strong enhancement seen in the heavy-ion data as compared to the background comes mainly from the secondary processes which are germane to heavy-ion collisions. Furthermore, we find $\pi a_1\to l{\bar l}$ to be the most important process in this mass region, as was found by thermal rate calculations. We emphasize the constraints on the elementary cross sections by the experimental data from $e^+e^-$ annihilation., Comment: 4 page, RevTeX, inlcuding 2 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
1998
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118. Intermediate mass dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions at SPS energies

Author

Li, G. Q. and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Through the analysis of HELIOS-3 data on dilepton spectra, we demonstrate the importance of secondary processes for the dilepton production in heavy-ion collisions in the intermediate mass region. We find that, while the dilepton spectra in proton-induced reactions can be nicely explained by the decay of primary vector mesons, charmed hadrons, and initial Drell-Yan processes, the strong enhancement seen in the heavy-ion data comes mainly from the secondary meson-meson interactions which are unique to heavy-ion collisions., Comment: 4 pages, including 2 postscript figures. Talk presented at Quark Matter'97, to appear in the Proceedings

Published
1997
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119. Electromagnetic Probes of Dense Matter in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author

Li, G. Q., Brown, G. E., Gale, C., and Ko, C. M.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Dilepton and photon production in heavy-ion collisions at SPS energies is studied in the relativistic transport model that incorporates self-consistently the change of hadron masses in dense matter. It is found that the dilepton spectra in proton-nucleus reactions can be well described by the conventional mechanisms of Dalitz decay, primary vector meson decay, decay of charmed mesons, and the initial Drell-Yan processes. However, to provide a quantitative explanation of the observed dilepton spectra in central heavy-ion collisions requires contributions other than these direct decays and also various medium effects. Introducing a decrease of vector meson masses in hot dense medium, we find that the low-mass dilepton enhancement can be satisfactorily explained. Furthermore, to explain the intermediate-mass dilepton enhancement in heavy-ion collisions, secondary processes such as $\pi a_1\to l{\bar l}$ are found to be very important. Finally, the single photon spectra in our calculations with either free or in-medium meson masses do not exceed the upper limit measured by the WA80 Collaboration., Comment: 19 pages, including 7 ps figures. Based on talk presented at the APCTP (Asia Pacifit Center for Theoretical Physics) Workshop on Hadrons in Medium, Seoul, Oct. 1997

Published
1997

120. Links Between Different Models for Multifragmentation

Author

Gupta, S. Das, Pan, J., Kvasnikova, I., and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We establish links between three different models for multifragmentation: the percolation model, the lattice gas model and the statistical multifragmentation model. There are remarkable similarities between the lattice gas model and the statistical multifragmentation model. For completeness, we also compare with a model based upon classical molecular dynamics which gives rather different results., Comment: 11 pages, ReVTeX type. 10 Postscript figures (included)

Published
1996

121. Dileptons from bremsstrahlung: going beyond the soft photon approximation

Author

Eggers, H. C., Gale, C., Tabti, R., and Haglin, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The traditional calculation of dilepton yields from bremsstrahlung relies on the assumption that electromagnetic and strong processes factorize. We argue that this assumption, embodied by the soft photon approximation, cannot hold true for invariant mass spectra on very general grounds. Deriving a formula for the dilepton cross section for pion-pion scattering that does not rely on such factorization, we formulate the problem exactly in terms of three-particle phase space invariants. Using a simple one boson exchange model for comparison, we find that dilepton cross sections and yields are generally overestimated by the soft photon approximation by factors 2--8. In extreme cases, overestimation up to a factor 40 is possible., Comment: Conference version for Busy Executives with no interest in detail. Latex, 10 pages, 11 .eps figures included via epsf

Published
1996

123. PICTURE EXCHANGE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND ITS EFFECTIVITY TO THE COMMUNICATION OF LEARNERS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM

Author

JADEE GALE C. LENDIO, SHERIS MAE C. TEVES, and DINAH S. CATALAN

Subjects
methods or process, construct or concept investigated, Special Education, Picture Exchange Communication System, Mixed Method, discipline where the study can be categorized, geography, Cebu
Abstract

Special education involves the preparation of teaching procedures and materials, and other interventions designed to address the needs of a child with learning differences, disabilities, and giftedness. Autism is a neurological complex condition that affects behavior, socialization and communication of the child. As such, PECS is a form of augmentative and alternative communication that uses pictures, images and symbols which was designed to provide aid and support to children with autism in enhancing their communication skills. In particular, this research assessed the extent of effectivity of Pictures Exchange Communication System to the communication skills of learners with Autism Spectrum Disorder at Bright Gem Learning Center, Consolacion Central - SPED Center, and Talamban Elementary School - SPED Center as basis for development plan. The study utilized a mixed type ofresearch method: Quantitative - Qualitative research and Thematic Synthesis approach. This research study has 30 learner respondents, 30 parent/ guardian respondents, and three SPED teachers involved. The questionnaire for learners with ASD was adaptedfrom the National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorder, Picture Exchange Communication System: Steps for Implementation. For the parent/ guardian respondents and SpEd teachers, research-made questionnairesare provided to assess the effectivity of PECS in the communication of learners with ASD at home and at school settings. The study found out that the Physically Assisted Exchange was considered to be highly effective. On the contrary, Responding to What They Want, resulted to be moderately effective. Generally, the study concluded that PECS can enhance the communication skills of learners with ASD. It is strongly recommended, especially to non-verbal learners, to use PECS as one of the techniques to improve their receptive and expressive communication skills.

Published
2023

124. Heterogeneity and gaps in reporting primary outcomes from neonatal trials

Author

Baba, A, Webbe, J, Butcher, N, Rodrigues, C, Stallwood, E, Goren, K, Mansour, A, Chang, ASM, Trivedi, A, Manley, BJ, McCall, EM, Bogossian, F, Namba, F, Schmolzer, GM, Harding, JE, Nguyen, HKA, Doyle, LW, Jardine, L, Rysavy, MA, Konstantinidis, M, Meyer, M, Helmi, MAM, Lai, NM, Hay, S, Onland, W, Choo, YM, Gale, C, Soll, RF, and Offringa, M

Abstract

Objective: Clear outcome reporting in clinical trials facilitates accurate interpretation and application of findings and improves evidence-informed decision-making. Standardized core outcomes for reporting neonatal trials have been developed, but little is known about how primary outcomes are reported in neonatal trials. Our aim was to identify strengths and weaknesses of primary outcome reporting in recent neonatal trials. Methods: Neonatal trials including ≥100 participants/arm published between 2015-2020 with at least one primary outcome from a neonatal core outcome set were eligible. Raters recruited from Cochrane Neonatal were trained to evaluate the trials’ primary outcome reporting completeness using relevant items from CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 pertaining to the reporting of the definition, selection, measurement, analysis, and interpretation of primary trial outcomes. All trial reports were assessed by 3 raters. Assessments and discrepancies between raters were analyzed. Results: Outcome reporting evaluations were completed for 36 included neonatal trials by 39 raters. Levels of outcome reporting completeness were highly variable. All trials fully reported the primary outcome measurement domain, statistical methods used to compare treatment groups, and participant flow. Yet, only 28% of trials fully reported on minimal important difference, 24% on outcome data missingness, 66% on blinding of the outcome assessor, and 42% on handling of outcome multiplicity. Conclusions: Primary outcome reporting in neonatal trials often lacks key information needed for interpretability of results, knowledge synthesis, and evidence-informed decision-making in neonatology. Use of existing outcome reporting guidelines by trialists, journals, and peer reviewers will enhance transparent reporting of neonatal trials.

Published
2023

125. Strengthening reporting of neonatal trials

Author

Webbe, J, Baba, A, Butcher, N, Rodrigues, C, Stallwood, E, Goren, K, Monsour, A, Chang, ASM, Trivedi, A, Manley, BJ, McCall, EM, Bogossian, F, Namba, F, Schmolzer, GM, Popat, H, Nguyen, HKA, Doyle, LW, Jardine, L, Rysavy, MA, Konstantinidis, M, Helmi, MAM, Lai, NM, Hay, S, Onland, W, Choo, YM, Gale, C, Soll, RF, and Offringa, M

Abstract

Background and Objectives: There is variability in the selection and reporting of outcomes in neonatal trials with key information frequently omitted. This can impact applicability of trial findings to clinicians, families, and caregivers, and impair evidence synthesis. The Neonatal Core Outcomes Set describes outcomes agreed as clinically important that should be assessed in all neonatal trials, and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 is a new, harmonized, evidence-based reporting guideline for trial outcomes. We reviewed published trials using CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidance to identify exemplars of neonatal core outcome reporting to strengthen description of outcomes in future trial publications. Methods: Neonatal trials including >100 participants per arm published between 2015-2020 with a primary outcome included in the Neonatal Core Outcome Set were identified. Primary outcome reporting was reviewed using CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidelines by assessors recruited from Cochrane Neonatal. Examples of clear and complete outcome reporting were identified with verbatim text extracted from trial reports. Results: Thirty-six trials were reviewed by 39 assessors. Examples of good reporting for CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 criteria were identified and subdivided into three outcome categories: “survival”, “short-term neonatal complications”, and “long-term developmental outcomes” depending on the core outcomes to which they relate. These examples are presented to strengthen future research reporting. Conclusions: We have identified examples of good trial outcome reporting. These illustrate how important neonatal outcomes should be reported to meet the CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidelines. Emulating these examples will improve the transmission of information relating to outcomes and reduce associated research waste.

Published
2023

126. Prophylactic cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor drugs for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in extremely preterm infants: a clinical practice guideline incorporating family values and preferences

Author

Mitra, S, Whitehead, L, Smith, K, MacLean, B, Nixon, R, Veysey, A, Campbell-Yeo, M, Kuhle, S, Gale, C, Soll, R, Dorling, J, and Johnston, BC

Abstract

Importance: Prophylactic cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-Is) such as indomethacin, ibuprofen and acetaminophen may prevent morbidity and mortality in extremely preterm infants (born ≤28 weeks’ gestation). However, there is controversy around which COX-I, if any, is the most effective and safest, which has resulted in considerable variability in clinical practice. Objective: To develop rigorous and transparent clinical practice guideline recommendations for the prophylactic use of COX-I drugs for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely preterm infants. Methods: The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) Evidence-to-Decision framework for multiple comparisons was used to develop the guideline recommendations. A 12-member panel, including five experienced neonatal care providers, two methods experts, one pharmacist, two parents of former extremely preterm infants and two adults born extremely preterm, was convened. A rating of the most important clinical outcomes was established a priori. Evidence from a Cochrane network meta-analysis, and a cross-sectional mixed-methods study exploring family values and preferences were used as the primary sources of evidence. Recommendations: The panel recommended that prophylaxis with intravenous indomethacin may be considered in extremely preterm infants [conditional recommendation, moderate certainty in estimate of effects]. Shared decision making with parents was encouraged to evaluate their values and preferences prior to therapy. The panel recommended against routine use of ibuprofen prophylaxis in this gestational age group [conditional recommendation, low certainty in the estimate of effects]. The panel strongly recommended against use of prophylactic acetaminophen [strong recommendation, very low certainty in estimate of effects] until further research evidence is available.

Published
2023

127. Children born preterm admitted to paediatric intensive care for bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Van Hasselt, T, Webster, K, Gale, C, Draper, ES, and Seaton, S

Abstract

Background To undertake a systematic review of studies describing the proportion of children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and/or bronchiolitis who were born preterm, and compare their outcomes in PICU with children born at term. Methods We searched Medline, Embase and Scopus. Citations and references of included articles were searched. We included studies published from the year 2000 onwards, from high-income countries, that examined children 0-18 years of age, admitted to PICU from the year 2000 onwards for RSV and/or bronchiolitis. The primary outcome was the percentage of PICU admissions born preterm, and secondary outcomes were observed relative risks of invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality within PICU. We used the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies to assess risk of bias. Results We included 31 studies, from 16 countries, including a total of 18,331 children. Following meta-analysis, the pooled estimate for percentage of PICU admissions for RSV/bronchiolitis who were born preterm was 31% (95% confidence interval: 27% to 35%). Children born preterm had a greater risk of requiring invasive ventilation compared to children born at term (relative risk 1.57, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 1.97, I2 = 38%). However, we did not observe a significant increase in the relative risk for mortality within PICU for preterm-born children (relative risk 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.70 to 1.72, I2 = 0%), although the mortality rate was low across both groups. The majority of studies (n=26, 84%) were at high risk of bias. Conclusions Among PICU admissions for bronchiolitis, preterm-born children are over-represented compared with the preterm birth rate (preterm birth rate 4.4% to 14.4% across countries included in review). Preterm-born children are at higher risk of mechanical ventilation compared to those born at term.

Published
2023

128. Childhood outcomes after low-grade Intraventricular Haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Rees, P, Callan, C, Chadda, KR, Vaal, M, Diviney, J, Sabti, S, Harnden, F, Gardiner, J, Battersby, C, Gale, C, and Sutcliffe, A

Abstract

Aim To undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring school-aged neurodevelopmental outcomes of children after low-grade intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH). Methods The published and grey literature was extensively searched to identify observational comparative studies exploring neurodevelopmental outcomes after IVH grade 1-2. Our primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment after 5 years of age, which included cognitive, motor, speech and language, behavioural, hearing or visual impairments. Results This review included 12 studies and over 2,036 preterm infants with low grade IVH. Studies used 30 different neurodevelopmental tools to determine outcomes. There was conflicting evidence of the composite risk of neurodevelopmental impairment after low-grade IVH. There was evidence of an association between low-grade IVH and lower IQ at school age -4.23 95% CI (-7.53, -0.92) I2=0% but impact on school performance was unclear. Studies reported an increased crude risk of cerebral palsy after low-grade IVH OR 2.92 95%CI (1.95, 4.37) I2=41%. No increased risk of speech and language impairment or behavioural impairment was found. Few studies addressed hearing and visual impairment. Interpretation This review presents evidence that low-grade IVH is associated with specific neurodevelopmental impairments at school age, lending support to the theory that low-grade IVH is not a benign condition.

Published
2023

130. Describing national trends in preterm infant mortality in the United States by race and socioeconomic status: a population study (1995-2020) of 100 million births

Author

Venkatesan, T, Rees, P, Gardiner, J, Battersby, C, Purkayastha, M, Gale, C, and Sutcliffe, A

Abstract

Importance: Inequalities in preterm infant mortality exist between population subgroups within the US. Objective: To characterise trends in preterm infant mortality by maternal race and socioeconomic status to assess how inequalities in preterm mortality rates have changed over time. Design, setting, and participants: This was a retrospective longitudinal descriptive study using the US National Centre for Health Statistics Birth Infant/Death Dataset of 12,256,303 preterm infant births over 26 years, between 1995 and 2020. Exposures: Maternal characteristics including race, smoking status, educational attainment, antenatal care, and insurance status were used as reported on an infants’ US birth certificate. Main outcomes and measures: Preterm infant mortality rate was calculated for each year between 1995-2020 for all subgroups, with a trend regression coefficient calculated to describe the rate of change in preterm mortality. Results: The average US preterm infant mortality rate (IMR) decreased from 33.71 (95% CI, 33.71 to 34.04) per 1000 preterm births per year between 1995-1997, to 23.32 (95% CI 23.05 to 23.58) between 2018-2020. Black Non-Hispanic infants were more likely to die following preterm birth than White Non-Hispanic and Hispanic infants however once born extremely prematurely Black and Hispanic infants had a narrow survival advantage. The rate of decrease in preterm IMR was higher in Black infants (-0.015) than in White (-0.013) and Hispanic infants (-0.010); however, the relative risk of preterm IMR among Black infants compared to White infants remained the same between 1995-1997 vs 2018-2020 (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.44, vs 1.43, 95% CI 1.39 to 1.46). The rate of decrease in preterm IMR was higher in non-smokers compared to smokers (-0.015 vs -0.010), in those with high levels of education compared to those with intermediate or low (-0.016 vs – 0.010, -0.011), and in those who had received adequate antenatal care compared to those who did not (-0.014 vs -0.012, -0.013). Overtime, the relative risk of preterm mortality widened within each of these subgroups. Conclusions and relevance: Between 1995 and 2020, US preterm infant mortality has improved amongst all categories of prematurity. Inequalities in preterm infant mortality based on a mother’s race have remained constant whilst socioeconomic disparities have widened over time.

Published
2023

132. The feasibility of adapting UK maternity clinical information systems for observational research: recent experiences of the POOL study

Author

Lugg-Widger, FV, Barlow, C, Cannings-John, R, Gale, C, Houlding, N, Milton, R, Plachcinski, R, and Sanders, J

Abstract

Background: Using routinely collected clinical data for observational research is becoming a popular method for data collection, especially for outcomes that are rare events. The POOL study was commissioned to evaluate the safety of waterbirth in the UK using routine maternity and neonate clinical data. This paper sets out the design rationale, set-up and data collection pilot for this bespoke data linkage study. Methods: Wellbeing Software®, provider of the Euroking® information system was selected to add new variables to their information system, extract study data from participating NHS sites and transfer data for matching with the National Neonatal Research Database (NNRD). The data extraction, linkage and cleaning was piloted with the first NHS site set-up to confirm data could be linked to the NNRD, identify steps for data management and cleaning, assess data completeness for new and key data fields and develop a plan for a risk classification algorithm. Results: Twenty six sites were set-up over a # months. Twenty-four thousand records were extracted from the pilot NHS site, pertaining to the period from January 2015 to March 2019. Data field completeness for maternal and neonatal primary outcomes were assessable, although some data fields’ completion had been identified as less than adequate. Data flowed to the NNRD enabling matching and linkage between maternal and neonate data. Discussion: Piloting the data extraction and linkage has been a useful exercise which highlighted the need for additional documentation, training and processes to ensure data quality and confidentiality are upheld for the remainder of the study. Accessing such data on scale, is possible, but continues to be a time consuming and a technically challenging exercise.

Published
2023

133. Dilepton bremsstrahlung from pion-pion scattering in a relativistic OBE model

Author

Eggers, H. C., Tabti, R., Gale, C., and Haglin, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We have made a detailed and quantitative study of dilepton production via bremsstrahlung of a virtual photon during pion-pion collisions. Most calculations of electromagnetic radiation from strong interaction processes rely on the soft photon approximation (SPA). The conditions underlying this approximation are generally violated when dilepton spectra are calculated in terms of their invariant mass, so that an approach going beyond the SPA becomes necessary. Superseding previous derivations, we derive an exact formula for the bremsstrahlung cross section. The resulting formulation is compared to various forms based on the SPA, the two-particle phase space approximation and R\"uckl's formula using a relativistic One Boson Exchange (OBE) model. Within the OBE approach, we show that approximations to the bremsstrahlung dilepton cross sections often differ greatly from the exact result; discrepancies become greater both with rising temperature and with invariant mass. Integrated dilepton production rates are overestimated by R\"uckl-based approximations by factors 1.5--8.0. The largest discrepancies occur for the reaction $\pi^+\pi^+ \to \pi^+\pi^+\ell^+\ell^-$, where such approximations overestimate the exact rate by factors ranging from 2 to 30 for invariant masses between 10 and 500 MeV. Our findings, combined with recent estimates of the Landau-Pomeranchuk effect, indicate that bremsstrahlung dileptons rates in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions should be even more suppressed than had been thought before., Comment: REVTeX 3.0, 26 pages plus 15 figures in uuencoded PostScript

Published
1995
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134. Neutrons from multiplicity-selected Au-Au collisions at 150, 250, 400, and 650 AMeV

Author

Zhang, W. M., Madey, R., Schambach, J., Elaasar, M., Keane, D., Anderson, B. D., Baldwin, A. R., Watson, J. W., Westfall, G. D., Krebs, G., Weiman, H., Zhang, J., and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We measured neutron triple-differential cross sections from multiplicity-selected Au-Au collisions at 150, 250, 400, and 650 \AMeV. The reaction plane for each collision was estimated from the summed transverse velocity vector of the charged fragments emitted in the collision. We examined the azimuthal distribution of the triple-differential cross sections as a function of the polar angle and the neutron rapidity. We extracted the average in--plane transverse momentum $\langle P_x\rangle$ and the normalized observable $\langle P_x/P_\perp\rangle$, where $P_\perp$ is the neutron transverse momentum, as a function of the neutron center-of-mass rapidity, and we examined the dependence of these observables on beam energy. These collective flow observables for neutrons, which are consistent with those of protons plus bound nucleons from the Plastic Ball Group, agree with the Boltzmann--Uehling--Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations with a momentum--dependent interaction. Also, we calculated the polar-angle-integrated maximum azimuthal anisotropy ratio R from the value of $\langle P_x/P_\perp\rangle$., Comment: 20 LaTeX pages. 11 figures to be faxed on request, send email to sender's address

Published
1995
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135. On the $M_T$ scaling of dilepton spectra in high energy heavy ion collisions

Author

Srivastava, D. K., Pan, Jicai, Emel'yanov, V., and Gale, C.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The so-called $M_T$ scaling for dilepton spectra at RHIC energies is examined. It is seen that a proper accounting of the complete set of dilepton producing processes forces us to abandon the proposed scaling around $M_T$ = 2.6 GeV, which has been put forward as a possible signature of the presence of quark-matter. Any substantial transverse expansion in the QGP phase itself will also offset this scaling behaviour. The rates of lepton pair production are time--integrated in Bjorken hydrodynamics and the different sources are compared against each other., Comment: 18 pages, 4 appended uuencoded figures, ReVTeX 3.0, McGill 94/8

Published
1994
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137. Characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with left-sided infective endocarditis complicated by heart failure: a substudy of the ESC-EORP EURO-ENDO (European infective endocarditis) registry

Author

Bohbot, Y, Habib, G, Laroche, C, Stohr, E, Chirouze, C, Hernandez-Meneses, M, Melissopoulou, M, Mutlu, B, Scheggi, V, Branco, L, Olmos, C, Reyes, G, Pazdernik, M, Iung, B, Sow, R, Mirocevic, M, Lancellotti, P, Tribouilloy, C, Gale, C, Beleslin, B, Budaj, A, Chioncel, O, Dagres, N, Danchin, N, Emberson, J, Erlinge, D, Glikson, M, Gray, A, Kayikcioglu, M, Maggioni, A, Nagy, V, Nedoshivin, A, Petronio, A, Roos-Hesselink, J, Wallentin, L, Zeymer, U, Cosyns, B, Donal, E, Erba, P, Popescu, B, Prendergast, B, Tornos, P, Andarala, M, Berle, C, Brunel-Lebecq, A, Fiorucci, E, Missiamenou, V, Taylor, C, Ali Tatar-Chentir, N, Al-Mallah, M, Astrom Aneq, M, Athanassopoulos, G, Badano, L, Benyoussef, S, Calderon Aranda, E, Cardim, N, Chan, K, Cruz, I, Edvardsen, T, Goliasch, G, Hagendorff, A, Hristova, K, Kamp, O, Kang, D, Kong, W, Matskeplishvili, S, Meshaal, M, Neskovic, A, Plonska-Gosciniak, E, Raissouni, M, Ronderos, R, Sade, L, Sadeghpour, A, Sambola, A, Sengupta, S, Separovic-Hanzevacki, J, Takeuchi, M, Tucay, E, Tude Rodrigues, A, Varga, A, Vaskelyte, J, Yamagata, K, Yiangou, K, Zaky, H, Granada, I, Mahia, M, Ressi, S, Nacinovich, F, Iribarren, A, Fernandez Oses, P, Avegliano, G, Filipini, E, Obregon, R, Bangher, M, Dho, J, Cartasegna, L, Plastino, M, Novas, V, Shigel, C, De Santos, M, Gastaldello, N, Granillo Fernandez, M, Potito, M, Streitenberger, G, Velazco, P, Casabe, J, Cortes, C, Guevara, E, Salmo, F, Seijo, M, Weidinger, F, Heger, M, Brooks, R, Stollberger, C, Ho, C, Perschy, L, Puskas, L, Binder, C, Rosenhek, R, Schneider, M, Winter, M, Hoffer, E, Lecoq, E, Legrand, D, Jacquet, S, Massoz, M, Pierard, L, Marchetta, S, Dulgheru, R, D'Emal, C, Oury, C, Droogmans, S, Kerkhove, D, Plein, D, Soens, L, Weytjens, C, Motoc, A, Roosens, B, Lemoine, I, Rodrigus, I, Paelinck, B, Amsel, B, Unger, P, Konopnicki, D, Beauloye, C, Pasquet, A, Vanoverschelde, J, Pierard, S, Vancraeynest, D, Sinnaeve, F, Andrade, J, Staszko, K, Dos Santos Monteiro, R, Miglioranza, M, Shuha, D, Alcantara, M, Cravo, V, Fazzio, L, Felix, A, Iso, M, Musa, C, Siciliano, A, Villaca Filho, F, Rodrigues, A, Vilela, F, Braga, J, Silva, R, Rodrigues, D, Silva, L, Morhy, S, Fischer, C, Vieira, M, Afonso, T, Abreu, J, Falcao, S, Moises, V, Gouvea, A, Mancuso, F, Souza, A, Silva, C, Joao, G, Abboud, C, Bellio de Mattos Barretto, R, Ramos, A, Arnoni, R, Assef, J, Della Togna, D, Le Bihan, D, Miglioli, L, Romero Oliveira, A, Tadeu Magro Kroll, R, Cortez, D, Gelape, C, Peirira Nunes, M, De Abreu Ferrari, T, Hay, K, Le, V, Page, M, Poulin, F, Sauve, C, Serri, K, Mercure, C, Beaudoin, J, Pibarot, P, Sebag, I, Rudski, L, Ricafort, G, Barsic, B, Krajinovic, V, Vargovic, M, Lovric, D, Reskovic-Luksic, V, Vincelj, J, Jaksic Jurinjak, S, Yiannikourides, V, Ioannides, M, Pofaides, C, Masoura, V, Pudich, J, Linhart, A, Siranec, M, Marek, J, Blechova, K, Kamenik, M, Pelouch, R, Coufal, Z, Mikulica, M, Griva, M, Jancova, E, Mikulcova, M, Taborsky, M, Precek, J, Jecmenova, M, Latal, J, Widimsky, J, Butta, T, Machacek, S, Vancata, R, Spinar, J, Holicka, M, Pow Chon Long, F, Anzules, N, Bajana Carpio, A, Largacha, G, Penaherrera, E, Moreira, D, Mahfouz, E, Elsafty, E, Soliman, A, Zayed, Y, Aboulenein, J, Abdel-Hay, M, Almaghraby, A, Abdelnaby, M, Ahmed, M, Hammad, B, Saleh, Y, Zahran, H, Elgebaly, O, Saad, A, Ali, M, Zeid, A, El Sharkawy, R, Al Kholy, A, Doss, R, Osama, D, Rizk, H, Elmogy, A, Mishriky, M, Assayag, P, El Hatimi, S, Hubert, S, Casalta, J, Gouriet, F, Arregle, F, Cammilleri, S, Tessonnier, L, Riberi, A, Botelho-Nevers, E, Gagneux-Brunon, A, Pierrard, R, Tulane, C, Campisi, S, Fuzellier, J, Detoc, M, Mehalla, T, Boutoille, D, Lecompte, A, Lefebvre, M, Pattier, S, Al Habash, O, Asseray-Madani, N, Biron, C, Brochard, J, Caillon, J, Cueff, C, Le Tourneau, T, Lecomte, R, Magali Michel, M, Orain, J, Delarue, S, Le Bras, M, Faucher, J, Aboyans, V, Beeharry, A, Durox, H, Lacoste, M, Magne, J, Mohty, D, David, A, Pradel, V, Sierra, V, Neykova, A, Bettayeb, B, Elkentaoui, S, Tzvetkov, B, Landry, G, Strady, C, Ainine, K, Baumard, S, Brasselet, C, Tassigny, C, Valente-Pires, V, Lefranc, M, Hoen, B, Lefevre, B, Curlier, E, Callier, C, Fourcade, N, Jobic, Y, Ansard, S, Le Berre, R, Le Ven, F, Pouliquen, M, Prat, G, Le Roux, P, Bouchart, F, Savoure, A, Alarcon, C, Chapuzet, C, Gueit, I, Peugnet, F, Gun, M, Duval, X, Lescure, X, Ilic-Habensus, E, Sadoul, N, Selton-Suty, C, Alla, F, Goehringer, F, Huttin, O, Chevalier, E, Garcia, R, Le Marcis, V, Tattevin, P, Flecher, E, Revest, M, Bouiller, K, Hustache-Mathieu, L, Klopfenstein, T, Moreau, J, Fournier, D, Brunel, A, Lim, P, Oliver, L, Ternacle, J, Moussafeur, A, Chavanet, P, Piroth, L, Salmon-Rousseau, A, Buisson, M, Mahy, S, Martins, C, Gohier, S, Axler, O, Baumann, F, Lebras, S, Piper, C, Guckel, D, Borgermann, J, Horstkotte, D, Winkelmann, E, Brockmeier, B, Grey, D, Nickenig, G, Schueler, R, Ozturk, C, Hamm, C, Walther, T, Brandt, R, Fruhauf, A, Hartung, C, Hellner, C, Wild, C, Becker, M, Hamada, S, Kaestner, W, Stangl, K, Knebel, F, Baldenhofer, G, Brecht, A, Dreger, H, Isner, C, Pfafflin, F, Stegemann, M, Zahn, R, Fraiture, B, Kilkowski, C, Karcher, A, Klinger, S, Tolksdorf, H, Tousoulis, D, Aggeli, C, Sideris, S, Venieri, E, Sarri, G, Tsiapras, D, Armenis, I, Koutsiari, A, Floros, G, Grassos, C, Dragasis, S, Rallidis, L, Varlamos, C, Michalis, L, Naka, K, Bechlioulis, A, Kotsia, A, Lakkas, L, Pappas, K, Papadopoulos, C, Kiokas, S, Lioni, A, Misailidou, S, Barbetseas, J, Bonou, M, Kapelios, C, Tomprou, I, Zerva, K, Manolis, A, Hamodraka, E, Athanasiou, D, Haralambidis, G, Samaras, H, Poulimenos, L, Nagy, A, Bartykowszki, A, Gara, E, Mungulmare, K, Kasliwal, R, Bansal, M, Ranjan, S, Bhan, A, Kyavar, M, Maleki, M, Bezanjani, F, Alizadehasl, A, Boudagh, S, Ghavidel, A, Moradnejad, P, Pasha, H, Ghadrdoost, B, Gilon, D, Strahilevitz, J, Wanounou, M, Israel, S, D'Agostino, C, Colonna, P, De Michele, L, Fumarola, F, Stante, M, Marchionni, N, Alterini, B, Del Pace, S, Stefano, P, Sparano, C, Ruozi, N, Tenaglia, R, Muraru, D, Limbruno, U, Cresti, A, Baratta, P, Solari, M, Giannattasio, C, Moreo, A, De Chiara, B, Lopez Montero, B, Musca, F, Orcese, C, Panzeri, F, Spano, F, Russo, C, Alfieri, O, De Bonis, M, Chiappetta, S, Del Forno, B, Ripa, M, Scarpellini, P, Tassan Din, C, Castiglioni, B, Pasciuta, R, Carletti, S, Ferrara, D, Guffanti, M, Iaci, G, Lapenna, E, Nisi, T, Oltolini, C, Busnardo, E, Pajoro, U, Agricola, E, Meneghin, R, Schiavi, D, Piscione, F, Citro, R, Benvenga, R, Greco, L, Soriente, L, Radano, I, Prota, C, Bellino, M, Di Vece, D, Santini, F, Salsano, A, Olivieri, G, Turrini, F, Messora, R, Tondi, S, Olaru, A, Agnoletto, V, Grassi, L, Leonardi, C, Sansoni, S, Del Ponte, S, Actis Dato, G, De Martino, A, Ohte, N, Kikuchi, S, Wakami, K, Aonuma, K, Seo, Y, Ishizu, T, Machino-Ohtsuka, T, Yamamoto, M, Iida, N, Nakajima, H, Nakagawa, Y, Izumi, C, Amano, M, Miyake, M, Takahashi, K, Shiojima, I, Miyasaka, Y, Maeba, H, Suwa, Y, Taniguchi, N, Tsujimoto, S, Kitai, T, Ota, M, Yuda, S, Sasaki, S, Hagiwara, N, Yamazaki, K, Ashihara, K, Arai, K, Saitou, C, Saitou, S, Suzuki, G, Shibata, Y, Watanabe, N, Nishino, S, Ashikaga, K, Kuriyama, N, Mahara, K, Okubo, T, Fujimaki, H, Shitan, H, Yamamoto, H, Abe, K, Terada, M, Takanashi, S, Sata, M, Yamada, H, Kusunose, K, Saijo, Y, Seno, H, Yuichiro, O, Onishi, T, Sera, F, Nakatani, S, Mizuno, H, Sengoku, K, Park, S, Kyoung, K, Yeon, L, Hwang, J, Jin-Oh, C, Sang-Chol, L, Sung-A, C, Jang, S, Heo, R, Lee, S, Song, J, Jung, E, Plisiene, J, Dambrauskaite, A, Gruodyte, G, Jonkaitiene, R, Mizariene, V, Atkocaityte, J, Zvirblyte, R, Codreanu, A, Staub, T, Michaux, C, De la Vega, E, Jacobs-Orazi, L, Mallia Azzopardi, C, Xuereb, R, Piscopo, T, Farrugia, J, Fenech, M, Pllaha, E, Vella, C, Borg, D, Casha, R, Grib, L, Raevschi, E, Grejdieru, A, Kravcenco, D, Prisacari, E, Samohvalov, E, Samohvalov, S, Sceglova, N, Panfile, E, Cardaniuc, L, Corcea, V, Feodorovici, A, Gaina, V, Girbu, L, Jimbei, P, Balan, G, Cardaniuc, I, Benesco, I, Marian, V, Sumarga, N, Bozovic, B, Bulatovic, N, Lakovic, P, Music, L, Budde, R, Wahadat, A, Gamela, T, Meijers, T, Van Melle, J, Deursen, V, Crijns, H, Bekkers, S, Cheriex, E, Gilbers, M, Kietselaer, B, Knackstedt, C, Lorusso, R, Schalla, S, Streukens, S, Chamuleau, S, Cramer, M, Teske, A, Van der Spoel, T, Wind, A, Lokhorst, J, Liesbek, O, Van Heusden, H, Tanis, W, Van der Bilt, I, Vriend, J, De Lange-van Bruggen, H, Karijodikoro, E, Riezebos, R, van Dongen, E, Schoep, J, Stolk, V, Offstad, J, Beitnes, J, Helle-Valle, T, Skulstad, H, Skardal, R, Qamar, N, Furnaz, S, Ahmed, B, Butt, M, Khanzada, M, Saghir, T, Wahid, A, Hryniewiecki, T, Szymanski, P, Marzec, K, Misztal-Ogonowska, M, Kosmala, W, Przewlocka-Kosmala, M, Rojek, A, Woznicka, K, Zachwyc, J, Lisowska, A, Kaminska, M, Kasprzak, J, Kowalczyk, E, Strzecka, D, Wejner-Mik, P, Trabulo, M, Freitas, P, Ranchordas, S, Rodrigues, G, Pinto, P, Queiros, C, Azevedo, J, Marques, L, Seabra, D, Cruz, M, Galrinho, A, Moreira, R, Rio, P, Timoteo, A, Selas, M, Carmelo, V, Duque Neves, B, Pereira, H, Guerra, A, Marques, A, Pintassilgo, I, Tomescu, M, Trofenciuc, N, Andor, M, Bordejevic, A, Branea, H, Caruntu, F, Velcean, L, Mavrea, A, Onel, M, Parvanescu, T, Pop, D, Pop-Moldovan, A, Puticiu, M, Cirin, L, Citu, I, Cotoraci, C, Darabantiu, D, Farcas, R, Marincu, I, Ionac, A, Cozma, D, Mornos, C, Goanta, F, Popescu, I, Beyer, R, Mada, R, Rancea, R, Tomoaia, R, Rosianu, H, Stanescu, C, Kobalava, Z, Karaulova, J, Kotova, E, Milto, A, Pisaryuk, A, Povalyaev, N, Sorokina, M, Alrahimi, J, Elshiekh, A, Jamiel, A, Ahmed, A, Attia, N, Putnikovic, B, Dimic, A, Ivanovic, B, Matic, S, Trifunovic, D, Petrovic, J, Kosevic, D, Stojanovic, I, Petrovic, I, Dabic, P, Milojevic, P, Srdanovic, I, Susak, S, Velicki, L, Vulin, A, Kovacevic, M, Redzek, A, Stefanovic, M, Yeo, T, Poh, K, Vilacosta, I, Ferrera, C, Abd El- Nasser, M, Calvo Iglesias, F, Blanco-Gonzalez, E, Bravo Amaro, M, Lopez-Rodriguez, E, Lugo Adan, J, Germinas, A, Pazos-Lopez, P, Pereira Loureiro, M, Perez, M, Raposeiras-Roubin, S, Rasheed Yas, S, Suarez-Varela, M, Vasallo Vidal, F, Garcia-Dorado, D, Fernandez-Hidalgo, N, Gonzalez-Alujas, T, Lozano, J, Maisterra, O, Pizzi, N, Rios, R, Bayes-Genis, A, Pedro Botet, L, Vallejo, N, Llibre, C, Mateu, L, Nunez, R, Quesada, D, Berastegui, E, Bosch Portell, D, Aboal Vinas, J, Albert Bertran, X, Brugada Tarradellas, R, Loma-Osorio Ricon, P, Tiron de Llano, C, Arnau, M, Bel, A, Blanes, M, Osa, A, Anguita, M, Carrasco, F, Castillo, J, Zamorano, J, Moya Mur, J, Alvaro, M, Fernandez-Golfin, C, Monteagudo, J, Navas Elorza, E, Farinas Alvarez, M, Aguero Balbin, J, Zarauza, J, Gutierrez-Diez, J, Arminanzas, C, Arnaiz de las Revillas, F, Arnaiz Garcia, A, Cobo Belaustegui, M, Fernandez Sampedro, M, Gutierrez Cuadra, M, Garcia Cuello, L, Gonzalez Rico, C, Rodriguez-Alvarez, R, Goikoetxea, J, Montejo, M, Miro, J, Almela, M, Ambrosioni, J, Moreno, A, Quintana, E, Sandoval, E, Tellez, A, Tolosana, J, Vidal, B, Falces, C, Fuster, D, 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P., Beleslin B., Budaj A., Chioncel O., Dagres N., Danchin N., Emberson J., Erlinge D., Glikson M., Gray A., Kayikcioglu M., Maggioni A. P., Nagy V. K., Nedoshivin A., Petronio A. -S., Roos-Hesselink J., Wallentin L., Zeymer U., Cosyns B., Donal E., Erba P., Popescu B. A., Prendergast B., Tornos P., Andarala M., Berle C., Brunel-Lebecq A., Fiorucci E., Missiamenou V., Taylor C., Ali Tatar-Chentir N. N., Al-Mallah M., Astrom Aneq M., Athanassopoulos G., Badano L., Benyoussef S., Calderon Aranda E., Cardim N. M., Chan K. -L., Cruz I., Edvardsen T., Goliasch G., Hagendorff A., Hristova K., Kamp O., Kang D. -H., Kong W., Matskeplishvili S., Meshaal M., Neskovic A. N., Plonska-Gosciniak E., Raissouni M., Ronderos R., Sade L. E., Sadeghpour A., Sambola A., Sengupta S., Separovic-Hanzevacki J., Takeuchi M., Tucay E., Tude Rodrigues A. C., Varga A., Vaskelyte J., Yamagata K., Yiangou K., Zaky H., Granada I., Mahia M., Ressi S., Nacinovich F., Iribarren A., Fernandez Oses P., Avegliano G., Filipini E., Obregon R., Bangher M., Dho J., Cartasegna L., Plastino M. L., Novas V., Shigel C., De Santos M., Gastaldello N., Granillo Fernandez M., Potito M., Streitenberger G., Velazco P., Casabe J. H., Cortes C., Guevara E., Salmo F., Seijo M., Weidinger F., Heger M., Brooks R., Stollberger C., Ho C. -Y., Perschy L., Puskas L., Binder C., Rosenhek R., Schneider M., Winter M. -P., Hoffer E., Lecoq E., Legrand D., Jacquet S., Massoz M., Pierard L., Marchetta S., Dulgheru R., D'Emal C., Oury C., Droogmans S., Kerkhove D., Plein D., Soens L., Weytjens C., Motoc A., Roosens B., Lemoine I., Rodrigus I., Paelinck B., Amsel B., Unger P., Konopnicki D., Beauloye C., Pasquet A., Vanoverschelde J. L., Pierard S., Vancraeynest D., Sinnaeve F., Andrade J. L., Staszko K., Dos Santos Monteiro R., Miglioranza M. H., Shuha D. L., Alcantara M., Cravo V., Fazzio L., Felix A., Iso M., Musa C., Siciliano A. P., Villaca Filho F., Rodrigues A., Vilela F., Braga J., Silva R., Rodrigues D., Silva L., Morhy S., Fischer C., Vieira M., Afonso T., Abreu J., Falcao S. N., Moises V. A., Gouvea A., Mancuso F. J., Souza A. C., Silva C. Y., Joao G., Abboud C. S., Bellio de Mattos Barretto R., Ramos A., Arnoni R., Assef J. E., Della Togna D. J., Le Bihan D., Miglioli L., Romero Oliveira A. P., Tadeu Magro Kroll R., Cortez D., Gelape C. L., Peirira Nunes M., De Abreu Ferrari T. C., Hay K., Le V., Page M., Poulin F., Sauve C., Serri K., Mercure C., Beaudoin J., Pibarot P., Sebag I. A., Rudski L. G., Ricafort G., Barsic B., Krajinovic V., Vargovic M., Lovric D., Reskovic-Luksic V., Vincelj J., Jaksic Jurinjak S., Yiannikourides V., Ioannides M., Pofaides C., Masoura V., Pudich J., Linhart A., Siranec M., Marek J., Blechova K., Kamenik M., Pelouch R., Coufal Z., Mikulica M., Griva M., Jancova E., Mikulcova M., Taborsky M., Precek J., Jecmenova M., Latal J., Widimsky J., Butta T., Machacek S., Vancata R., Spinar J., Holicka M., Pow Chon Long F., Anzules N., Bajana Carpio A., Largacha G., Penaherrera E., Moreira D., Mahfouz E., Elsafty E., Soliman A., Zayed Y., Aboulenein J., Abdel-Hay M., Almaghraby A., Abdelnaby M., Ahmed M., Hammad B., Saleh Y., Zahran H., Elgebaly O., Saad A., Ali M., Zeid A., El Sharkawy R., Al Kholy A., Doss R., Osama D., Rizk H., Elmogy A., Mishriky M., Assayag P., El Hatimi S., Hubert S., Casalta J. -P., Gouriet F., Arregle F., Cammilleri S., Tessonnier L., Riberi A., Botelho-Nevers E., Gagneux-Brunon A., Pierrard R., Tulane C., Campisi S., Fuzellier J. -F., Detoc M., Mehalla T., Boutoille D., Lecompte A. S., Lefebvre M., Pattier S., Al Habash O., Asseray-Madani N., Biron C., Brochard J., Caillon J., Cueff C., Le Tourneau T., Lecomte R., Magali Michel M. M., Orain J., Delarue S., Le Bras M., Faucher J. -F., Aboyans V., Beeharry A., Durox H., Lacoste M., Magne J., Mohty D., David A., Pradel V., Sierra V., Neykova A., Bettayeb B., Elkentaoui S., Tzvetkov B., Landry G., Strady C., Ainine K., Baumard S., Brasselet C., Tassigny C., Valente-Pires V., Lefranc M., Hoen B., Lefevre B., Curlier E., Callier C., Fourcade N., Jobic Y., Ansard S., Le Berre R., Le Ven F., Pouliquen M. -C., Prat G., Le Roux P., Bouchart F., Savoure A., Alarcon C., Chapuzet C., Gueit I., Peugnet F., Gun M., Duval X., Lescure X., Ilic-Habensus E., Sadoul N., Selton-Suty C., Alla F., Goehringer F., Huttin O., Chevalier E., Garcia R., Le Marcis V., Tattevin P., Flecher E., Revest M., Bouiller K., Hustache-Mathieu L., Klopfenstein T., Moreau J., Fournier D., Brunel A. -S., Lim P., Oliver L., Ternacle J., Moussafeur A., Chavanet P., Piroth L., Salmon-Rousseau A., Buisson M., Mahy S., Martins C., Gohier S., Axler O., Baumann F., Lebras S., Piper C., Guckel D., Borgermann J., Horstkotte D., Winkelmann E., Brockmeier B., Grey D., Nickenig G., Schueler R., Ozturk C., Hamm C., Walther T., Brandt R., Fruhauf A. -C., Hartung C. T., Hellner C., Wild C., Becker M., Hamada S., Kaestner W., Stangl K., Knebel F., Baldenhofer G., Brecht A., Dreger H., Isner C., Pfafflin F., Stegemann M., Zahn R., Fraiture B., Kilkowski C., Karcher A. -K., Klinger S., Tolksdorf H., Tousoulis D., Aggeli C., Sideris S., Venieri E., Sarri G., Tsiapras D., Armenis I., Koutsiari A., Floros G., Grassos C., Dragasis S., Rallidis L., Varlamos C., Michalis L., Naka K., Bechlioulis A., Kotsia A., Lakkas L., Pappas K., Papadopoulos C., Kiokas S., Lioni A., Misailidou S., Barbetseas J., Bonou M., Kapelios C., Tomprou I., Zerva K., Manolis A., Hamodraka E., Athanasiou D., Haralambidis G., Samaras H., Poulimenos L., Nagy A., Bartykowszki A., Gara E., Mungulmare K., Kasliwal R., Bansal M., Ranjan S., Bhan A., Kyavar M., Maleki M., Bezanjani F. N., Alizadehasl A., Boudagh S., Ghavidel A., Moradnejad P., Pasha H. R., Ghadrdoost B., Gilon D., Strahilevitz J., Wanounou M., Israel S., d'Agostino C., Colonna P., De Michele L., Fumarola F., Stante M., Marchionni N., Alterini B., Del Pace S., Stefano P., Sparano C., Ruozi N., Tenaglia R., Muraru D., Limbruno U., Cresti A., Baratta P., Solari M., Giannattasio C., Moreo A., De Chiara B., Lopez Montero B., Musca F., Orcese C. A., Panzeri F., Spano F., Russo C. F., Alfieri O., De Bonis M., Chiappetta S., Del Forno B., Ripa M., Scarpellini P., Tassan Din C., Castiglioni B., Pasciuta R., Carletti S., Ferrara D., Guffanti M., Iaci G., Lapenna E., Nisi T., Oltolini C., Busnardo E., Pajoro U., Agricola E., Meneghin R., Schiavi D., Piscione F., Citro R., Benvenga R. M., Greco L., Soriente L., Radano I., Prota C., Bellino M., Di Vece D., Santini F., Salsano A., Olivieri G. M., Turrini F., Messora R., Tondi S., Olaru A., Agnoletto V., Grassi L., Leonardi C., Sansoni S., Del Ponte S., Actis Dato G. M., De Martino A., Ohte N., Kikuchi S., Wakami K., Aonuma K., Seo Y., Ishizu T., Machino-Ohtsuka T., Yamamoto M., Iida N., Nakajima H., Nakagawa Y., Izumi C., Amano M., Miyake M., Takahashi K., Shiojima I., Miyasaka Y., Maeba H., Suwa Y., Taniguchi N., Tsujimoto S., Kitai T., Ota M., Yuda S., Sasaki S., Hagiwara N., Yamazaki K., Ashihara K., Arai K., Saitou C., Saitou S., Suzuki G., Shibata Y., Watanabe N., Nishino S., Ashikaga K., Kuriyama N., Mahara K., Okubo T., Fujimaki H., Shitan H., Yamamoto H., Abe K., Terada M., Takanashi S., Sata M., Yamada H., Kusunose K., Saijo Y., Seno H., Yuichiro O., Onishi T., Sera F., Nakatani S., Mizuno H., Sengoku K., Park S. W., Kyoung K. E., Yeon L. G., Hwang J. -W., Jin-Oh C., Park S. -J., Sang-Chol L., Sung-A C., Jang S. Y., Heo R., Lee S., Song J. -M., Jung E., Plisiene J., Dambrauskaite A., Gruodyte G., Jonkaitiene R., Mizariene V., Atkocaityte J., Zvirblyte R., Codreanu A., Staub T., Michaux C., De la Vega E. C. L., Jacobs-Orazi L., Mallia Azzopardi C., Xuereb R. G., Piscopo T., Farrugia J., Fenech M., Pllaha E., Vella C., Borg D., Casha R., Grib L., Raevschi E., Grejdieru A., Kravcenco D., Prisacari E., Samohvalov E., Samohvalov S., Sceglova N., Panfile E., Cardaniuc L., Corcea V., Feodorovici A., Gaina V., Girbu L., Jimbei P., Balan G., Cardaniuc I., Benesco I., Marian V., Sumarga N., Bozovic B., Bulatovic N., Lakovic P., Music L., Budde R., Wahadat A., Gamela T., Meijers T., Van Melle J. P., Deursen V. M., Crijns H. J., Bekkers S. C., Cheriex E. C., Gilbers M., Kietselaer B. L., Knackstedt C., Lorusso R., Schalla S., Streukens S. A., Chamuleau S., Cramer M. -J., Teske A., Van der Spoel T., Wind A., Lokhorst J., Liesbek O., Van Heusden H., Tanis W., Van der Bilt I., Vriend J., De Lange-van Bruggen H., Karijodikoro E., Riezebos R., van Dongen E., Schoep J., Stolk V., Offstad J. T., Beitnes J. O., Helle-Valle T., Skulstad H., Skardal R., Qamar N., Furnaz S., Ahmed B., Butt M. H., Khanzada M. 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A., Darabantiu D., Farcas R., Marincu I., Ionac A., Cozma D., Mornos C., Goanta F., Popescu I., Beyer R., Mada R., Rancea R., Tomoaia R., Rosianu H., Stanescu C., Kobalava Z., Karaulova J., Kotova E., Milto A., Pisaryuk A., Povalyaev N., Sorokina M., Alrahimi J., Elshiekh A., Jamiel A., Ahmed A., Attia N., Putnikovic B., Dimic A., Ivanovic B., Matic S., Trifunovic D., Petrovic J., Kosevic D., Stojanovic I., Petrovic I., Dabic P., Milojevic P., Srdanovic I., Susak S., Velicki L., Vulin A., Kovacevic M., Redzek A., Stefanovic M., Yeo T. C., Kong W. K. F., Poh K. K., Vilacosta I., Ferrera C., Abd El- Nasser M., Calvo Iglesias F., Blanco-Gonzalez E., Bravo Amaro M., Lopez-Rodriguez E., Lugo Adan J., Germinas A. N., Pazos-Lopez P., Pereira Loureiro M., Perez M. T., Raposeiras-Roubin S., Rasheed Yas S., Suarez-Varela M. -M., Vasallo Vidal F., Garcia-Dorado D., Fernandez-Hidalgo N., Gonzalez-Alujas T., Lozano J., Maisterra O., Pizzi N., Rios R., Bayes-Genis A., Pedro Botet L., Vallejo N., Llibre C., Mateu L., Nunez R., Quesada D., Berastegui E., Bosch Portell D., Aboal Vinas J., Albert Bertran X., Brugada Tarradellas R., Loma-Osorio Ricon P., Tiron de Llano C., Arnau M. A., Bel A., Blanes M., Osa A., Anguita M., Carrasco F., Castillo J. C., Zamorano J. L., Moya Mur J. L., Alvaro M., Fernandez-Golfin C., Monteagudo J. M., Navas Elorza E., Farinas Alvarez M. C., Aguero Balbin J., Zarauza J., Gutierrez-Diez J. F., Arminanzas C., Arnaiz de las Revillas F., Arnaiz Garcia A., Cobo Belaustegui M., Fernandez Sampedro M., Gutierrez Cuadra M., Garcia Cuello L., Gonzalez Rico C., Rodriguez-Alvarez R., Goikoetxea J., Montejo M., Miro J. M., Almela M., Ambrosioni J., Moreno A., Quintana E., Sandoval E., Tellez A., Tolosana J. M., Vidal B., Falces C., Fuster D., Garcia-de-la-Maria C., Llopis J., Marco F., Ruiz-Zamora I., Bardaji Ruiz A., Sanz Girgas E., Garcia-Pardo G., Guillen Marzo M., Rodriguez Oviedo A., Villares Jimenez A., Abid L., Hammami R., Kammoun S., Mourali M. S., Mghaieth Zghal F., Ben Hlima M., Boudiche S., Ouali S., Zakhama L., Antit S., Slama I., Gulel O., Sahin M., Karacaglar E., Kucukoglu S., Cetinarslan O., Sinan U. Y., Canpolat U., Atas H., Dervishova R., Ileri C., Alhashmi J., Tahir J., Zarger P., Baslib F., Woldman S., Menezes L., Primus C., Uppal R., Bvekerwa I., Chandrasekaran B., Kopanska A., Chambers J., Hancock J., Klein J., Rajani R., Ursi M. P., Cannata S., Dworakowski R., Fife A., Breeze J., Browne-Morgan M., Gunning M., Streather S., Asch F. 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Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the current management and survival of patients with left-sided infective endocarditis (IE) complicated by congestive heart failure (CHF) in the ESC-EORP European Endocarditis (EURO-ENDO) registry. Methods and results: Among the 3116 patients enrolled in this prospective registry, 2449 (mean age: 60 years, 69% male) with left-sided (native or prosthetic) IE were included in this study. Patients with CHF (n = 698, 28.5%) were older, with more comorbidity and more severe valvular damage (mitro-aortic involvement, vegetations >10 mm and severe regurgitation/new prosthesis dehiscence) than those without CHF (all p ≤ 0.019). Patients with CHF experienced higher 30-day and 1-year mortality than those without (20.5% vs. 9.0% and 36.1% vs. 19.3%, respectively) and CHF remained strongly associated with 30-day (odds ratio[OR] 2.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.73–3.24; p < 0.001) and 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.39–2.05; p < 0.001) after adjustment for established outcome predictors, including early surgery, or after propensity matching for age, sex, and comorbidity (n = 618 [88.5%] for each group, both p < 0.001). Early surgery, performed on 49% of these patients with IE complicated by CHF, remained associated with a substantial reduction in 30-day mortality following multivariable analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, cerebrovascular accident, Staphylococcus aureus IE, streptococcal IE, uncontrolled infection, vegetation size >10 mm, severe valvular regurgitation and/or new prosthetic dehiscence, perivalvular complication, and prosthetic IE (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.12–0.38; p < 0.001) and in 1-year mortality (HR 0.29, 95% CI 0.20–0.41; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Congestive heart failure is common in left-sided IE and is associated with older age, greater comorbidity, more advanced lesions, and markedly higher 30-day and 1-year mortality. Early surgery is strongly associated with lower mort

Published
2022

138. Maximum Azimuthal Anisotropy of Neutrons from Nb-Nb Collisions at 400 AMeV and the Nuclear Equation of State

Author

Elaasar, M., Madey, R., Zhang, W. M., Schambach, J., Keane, D., Anderson, B. D., Baldwin, A. R., Watson, J. W., Westfall, G. D., Krebs, G., Wieman, H., Gale, C., and Haglin, K.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We measured the first azimuthal distributions of triple--differential cross sections of neutrons emitted in heavy-ion collisions, and compared their maximum azimuthal anisotropy ratios with Boltzmann--Uehling--Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations with a momentum-dependent interaction. The BUU calculations agree with the triple- and double-differential cross sections for positive rapidity neutrons emitted at polar angles from 7 to 27 degrees; however, the maximum azimuthal anisotropy ratio for these free neutrons is insensitive to the size of the nuclear incompressibility modulus K characterizing the nuclear matter equation of state., Comment: Typeset using ReVTeX, with 3 ps figs., uuencoded and appended

Published
1993
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140. Coalescence, Percolation and Nuclear Multifragmentation

Author

Gupta, S. Das, Gale, C., and Haglin, K.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory
Abstract

We show that the coalescence model for fragment formation leads to an approximate site percolation model. Features characteristic of a percolation model also appear in microscopic models of disassembly., Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX file, 3 Postscript figs available on request

Published
1992
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141. Soft dilepton production in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Author

Haglin, K., Gale, C., and Emel'yanov, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Production of electron-positron pairs with invariant masses less than 300 MeV from thermalized hadronic matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions is calculated using a soft virtual photon approximation. The general theoretical framework is reviewed and extended to include arbitrarily massed and charged reaction partners, which we apply to pions and quarks. This result, exact within the soft photon approximation, is compared with a widely used approximate result which uses an electromagnetic amplitude limited in validity to momentum transfers less than $4m_{\pi(q)}^{2}$. A comparison is made between the rate of production of zero total momentum soft dileptons obtained using resummation techniques in QCD perturbation theory to that which we calculate using this soft photon approximation., Comment: 29 pages typed in revtex, 13 figures (not included), hardcopy available by regular mail upon request, McGill/92-33

Published
1992
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142. Virtual bremsstrahlung from pions and quarks in thermalized hadronic matter

Author

Haglin, K., Gale, C., and Emel'yanov, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

A soft photon approximation is used to calculate the rates of lepton pair production through virtual bremsstrahlung from both pions and quarks. Standard assumptions about the evolution of a nuclear system under collision allow pion and quark driven total production to be calculated. Comparisons are made with Dalitz decay of light mesons. These mechanisms are expected to be significant contributors to the soft dilepton mass spectra one might observe in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies., Comment: 9 pages

Published
1992
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145. Neonatal sepsis definitions from randomised clinical trials.

Author

Hayes, R., Hartnett, J., Semova, G., Murray, C., Murphy, Katherine, Carroll, L., Plapp, H., Hession, L., O'Toole, J., McCollum, D., Roche, E., Jenkins, E., Mockler, D., Hurley, T., McGovern, M., Allen, J., Meehan, J., Plötz, F.B., Strunk, T., Boode, W.P. de, Polin, R., Wynn, J.L., Degtyareva, M., Küster, H., Janota, J., Giannoni, E., Schlapbach, L.J., Keij, F.M., Reiss, I.K.M., Bliss, J., Koenig, J.M., Turner, M.A., Gale, C., Molloy, E.J., Hayes, R., Hartnett, J., Semova, G., Murray, C., Murphy, Katherine, Carroll, L., Plapp, H., Hession, L., O'Toole, J., McCollum, D., Roche, E., Jenkins, E., Mockler, D., Hurley, T., McGovern, M., Allen, J., Meehan, J., Plötz, F.B., Strunk, T., Boode, W.P. de, Polin, R., Wynn, J.L., Degtyareva, M., Küster, H., Janota, J., Giannoni, E., Schlapbach, L.J., Keij, F.M., Reiss, I.K.M., Bliss, J., Koenig, J.M., Turner, M.A., Gale, C., and Molloy, E.J.

Abstract

01 april 2023, Item does not contain fulltext, INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide with non-specific and varied presentation. We aimed to catalogue the current definitions of neonatal sepsis in published randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHOD: A systematic search of the Embase and Cochrane databases was performed for RCTs which explicitly stated a definition for neonatal sepsis. Definitions were sub-divided into five primary criteria for infection (culture, laboratory findings, clinical signs, radiological evidence and risk factors) and stratified by qualifiers (early/late-onset and likelihood of sepsis). RESULTS: Of 668 papers screened, 80 RCTs were included and 128 individual definitions identified. The single most common definition was neonatal sepsis defined by blood culture alone (n = 35), followed by culture and clinical signs (n = 29), and then laboratory tests/clinical signs (n = 25). Blood culture featured in 83 definitions, laboratory testing featured in 48 definitions while clinical signs and radiology featured in 80 and 8 definitions, respectively. DISCUSSION: A diverse range of definitions of neonatal sepsis are used and based on microbiological culture, laboratory tests and clinical signs in contrast to adult and paediatric sepsis which use organ dysfunction. An international consensus-based definition of neonatal sepsis could allow meta-analysis and translate results to improve outcomes.

Published
2023

146. European Society of Cardiology quality indicators for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death

Author

Aktaa, S, Tzeis, S, Gale, C, Ackerman, M, Arbelo, E, Behr, E, Crotti, L, D'Avila, A, de Chillou, C, Deneke, T, Figueiredo, M, Friede, T, Leclercq, C, Merino, J, Semsarian, C, Verstrael, A, Zeppenfeld, K, Tfelt-Hansen, J, Reichlin, T, Aktaa, Suleman, Tzeis, Stylianos, Gale, Chris P, Ackerman, Michael J, Arbelo, Elena, Behr, Elijah R, Crotti, Lia, d'Avila, Andre, de Chillou, Christian, Deneke, Thomas, Figueiredo, Márcio, Friede, Tim, Leclercq, Christophe, Merino, Jose L, Semsarian, Chris, Verstrael, Axel, Zeppenfeld, Katja, Tfelt-Hansen, Jacob, Reichlin, Tobias, Aktaa, S, Tzeis, S, Gale, C, Ackerman, M, Arbelo, E, Behr, E, Crotti, L, D'Avila, A, de Chillou, C, Deneke, T, Figueiredo, M, Friede, T, Leclercq, C, Merino, J, Semsarian, C, Verstrael, A, Zeppenfeld, K, Tfelt-Hansen, J, Reichlin, T, Aktaa, Suleman, Tzeis, Stylianos, Gale, Chris P, Ackerman, Michael J, Arbelo, Elena, Behr, Elijah R, Crotti, Lia, d'Avila, Andre, de Chillou, Christian, Deneke, Thomas, Figueiredo, Márcio, Friede, Tim, Leclercq, Christophe, Merino, Jose L, Semsarian, Chris, Verstrael, Axel, Zeppenfeld, Katja, Tfelt-Hansen, Jacob, and Reichlin, Tobias

Abstract

To develop a suite of quality indicators (QIs) for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The Working Group comprised experts in heart rhythm management including Task Force members of the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with VA and the prevention of SCD, members of the European Heart Rhythm Association, international experts, and a patient representative. We followed the ESC methodology for QI development, which involves (i) the identification of the key domains of care for the management of patients with VA and the prevention of SCD by constructing a conceptual framework of care, (ii) the development of candidate QIs by conducting a systematic review of the literature, (iii) the selection of the final set of QIs using a modified-Delphi method, and (iv) the evaluation of the feasibility of the developed QIs. We identified eight domains of care for the management of patients with VA and the prevention of SCD: (i) structural framework, (ii) screening and diagnosis, (iii) risk stratification, (iv) patient education and lifestyle modification, (v) pharmacological treatment, (vi) device therapy, (vii) catheter ablation, and (viii) outcomes, which included 17 main and 4 secondary QIs across these domains. Following a standardized methodology, we developed 21 QIs for the management of patients with VA and the prevention of SCD. The implementation of these QIs will improve the care and outcomes of patients with VA and contribute to the prevention of SCD.

Published
2023

147. Baryonic contributions to the dilepton spectra in relativistic heavy ion collisions

Author

Bleicher, M, Dutt-mazumder, AK, Gale, C, Ko, CM, and Koch, V

Subjects
nucl-th, hep-ph, nucl-ex
Abstract

We investigate the baryonic contributions to the dilepton yield in highenergy heavy ion collisions within the context of a transport model. Therelative contribution of the baryonic and mesonic sources are examined. It isobserved that most dominant among the baryonic channels is the decay ofN*(1520) and mostly confined in the region below the rho peak. In a transporttheory implementation we find the baryonic contribution to the lepton pairyield to be small.

Published
2000

148. Inclusive jet and hadron suppression in a multistage approach

Author

Kumar, A., Tachibana, Y., Sirimanna, C., Vujanovic, G., Cao, S., Majumder, A., Chen, Y., Du, L., Ehlers, R., Everett, D., Fan, W., He, Y., Mulligan, J., Park, C., Angerami, A., Arora, R., Bass, S.A., Dai, T., Elfner, H., Fries, R.J., Gale, C., Garza, F., Heffernan, M., Heinz, U., Jacak, B.V., Jacobs, P.M., Jeon, S., Kauder, K., Kasper, L., Ke, W., Kelsey, M., Kim, B., Kordell, M., Latessa, J., Lee, Y.J., Liyanage, D., Lopez, A., Luzum, M., Mak, S., Mankolli, A., Martin, C., Mehryar, H., Mengel, T., Nattrass, C., Oliinychenko, D., Paquet, J.F., Putschke, J.H., Roland, G., Schenke, B., Schwiebert, L., Sengupta, A., Shen, C., Silva, A., Soeder, D., Soltz, R.A., Staudenmaier, J., Strickland, M., Velkovska, J., Wang, X.N., and Wolpert, R.L.

Subjects
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present a new study of jet interactions in the quark-gluon plasma created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, using a multistage event generator within the JETSCAPE framework. We focus on medium-induced modifications in the rate of inclusive jets and high transverse momentum (high-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$) hadrons. Scattering-induced jet energy loss is calculated in two stages: A high virtuality stage based on the MATTER model, in which scattering of highly virtual partons modifies the vacuum radiation pattern, and a second stage at lower jet virtuality based on the LBT model, in which leading partons gain and lose virtuality by scattering and radiation. Coherence effects that reduce the medium-induced emission rate in the MATTER phase are also included. The TRENTo model is used for initial conditions, and the (2+1)dimensional VISHNU model is used for viscous hydrodynamic evolution. Jet interactions with the medium are modeled via 2-to-2 scattering with Debye screened potentials, in which the recoiling partons are tracked, hadronized, and included in the jet clustering. Holes left in the medium are also tracked and subtracted to conserve transverse momentum. Calculations of the nuclear modification factor ($R_{\mathrm{AA}}$) for inclusive jets and high-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadrons are compared to experimental measurements at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Within this framework, we find that with one extra parameter which codifies the transition between stages of jet modification -- along with the typical parameters such as the coupling in the medium, the start and stop criteria etc. -- we can describe these data at all energies for central and semicentral collisions without a rescaling of the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$., Comment: 34 pages, 23 figures

Published
2023

149. School-age outcomes of children after perinatal brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Rees, P, Callan, C, Chadda, K, Vaal, M, Diviney, J, Sabti, S, Harnden, F, Gardiner, J, Battersby, C, Gale, C, and Sutcliffe, A

Abstract

Background Over 3000 children suffer a perinatal brain injury in England every year according to national surveillance. The childhood outcomes of infants with perinatal brain injury are however unknown. Methods A systematic review and meta-analyses were undertaken of studies published between 2000 and September 2021 exploring school-aged neurodevelopmental outcomes of children after perinatal brain injury compared with those without perinatal brain injury. The primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment, which included cognitive, motor, speech and language, behavioural, hearing or visual impairment after 5 years of age. Results This review included 42 studies. Preterm infants with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) grades 3–4 were found to have a threefold greater risk of moderate-to-severe neurodevelopmental impairment at school age OR 3.69 (95% CI 1.7 to 7.98) compared with preterm infants without IVH. Infants with perinatal stroke had an increased incidence of hemiplegia 61% (95% CI 39.2% to 82.9%) and an increased risk of cognitive impairment (difference in full scale IQ −24.2 (95% CI –30.73 to –17.67) . Perinatal stroke was also associated with poorer academic performance; and lower mean receptive −20.88 (95% CI –36.66 to –5.11) and expressive language scores −20.25 (95% CI –34.36 to –6.13) on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF) assessment. Studies reported an increased risk of persisting neurodevelopmental impairment at school age after neonatal meningitis. Cognitive impairment and special educational needs were highlighted after moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. However, there were limited comparative studies providing school-aged outcome data across neurodevelopmental domains and few provided adjusted data. Findings were further limited by the heterogeneity of studies. Conclusions Longitudinal population studies exploring childhood outcomes after perinatal brain injury are urgently needed to better enable clinicians to prepare affected families, and to facilitate targeted developmental support to help affected children reach their full potential.

Published
2023

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