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Adverse prenatal diagnoses, regardless of the women's choice of continuing the pregnancy or terminating it, can impact a women's psychological and psychosocial wellbeing. Supportive interventions during this time are important. However, understanding what is deemed useful and best practice is complex and multifaceted. To understand the need for support during this time, the authors undertook a research study where 12 women were interviewed. The women spoke about feeling pressured by time in making a decision regarding their pregnancy option and having limited psychoeducation and support provided. They also spoke about post-traumatic growth in their grief experience. To assist health professionals, the authors have addressed the following areas in the study's findings and discussion sections: the lack of appropriate information delivery skills of the professionals, the need for an assessment of each woman's unique needs, the need for appropriate referrals to be given, and the need for appropriate follow-ups of the women. The SARF (Skills, Assessment, Referral, and Follow-up) model, presented in this article as a synthesis of this research, has the potential to inform the development of clinical services and social work practice to support women's care following adverse prenatal diagnosis. IMPLICATIONS Psychosocial assessments are vital in providing good quality care to women after a poor prenatal diagnosis. The model can provide guidance to ensure that psychosocial assessments and explorations of values are undertaken before referring women to follow-up services. Given social workers' experience in providing psychosocial assessments and their recommendations, social work clinicians should be utilised in health settings to their full scope of practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the Coen brothers’ film Inside Llewyn Davis as representing in microcosm the developmental trajectory from late adolescence towards adulthood for the title character. This entails negotiating the problems of unconscious guilt, failure to mourn and an awareness of time in order to effect a movement from masochistic melancholy and hidden grandiosity to being able to relinquish omnipotent phantasies, say au revoir to internal persecutors and achieve a degree of self-possession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the dynamics of minority‐directed police violence by considering how our White participants' empathy for Black victims may be influenced by critical intragroup differences related to racial stereotyping. Although the role of stereotyping in reactions to Black Americans accused of crime is well‐established, we explore the influence of pejorative Black stereotypes on reactions to Black victims of police violence. Specifically, we investigated the roles of individual differences in the endorsement of the Black criminal stereotype among White observers and manipulated the crime‐unrelated stereotypicality (i.e. stereotypical, counterstereotypical) of Black victims of police violence. White US MTurk participants read about a White policeman shooting a Black man (Study 1, n = 140) or sexually assaulting a Black woman (Study 2, n = 166). Across both studies, strong stereotype endorsers reported relatively low empathy for stereotypical victims, mediated by greater blame towards those victims. This finding demonstrates the relevance of heretofore untested motivated reasoning processes in the outgroup empathy deficits literature. Weak stereotype endorsers showed relatively high empathy and low victim blame regardless of Black victim stereotypicality, indicating limited sensitivity to outgroup member suffering is not inevitable. We consider the practical implications of the findings for policing and for citizenship education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text is a book review of "Who's to Blame? Collective Guilt on Trial" by Coline Covington. The book challenges the concept of collective guilt and explores the dangers of dividing groups into victims and perpetrators. Covington argues that only individuals can feel guilt and that holding a group responsible absolves individuals of their own responsibility. The book also discusses the importance of shame and the need for individuals and groups to acknowledge their past actions in order to move forward. The review highlights Covington's previous work in political psychology and her emphasis on the individual experience versus the group experience. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the argument for reinstating legitimate disapproval of addiction, suggesting that societal stigma may motivate addicted individuals to overcome their addictions. Topics include the role of free will among addicted people, the failure of guilt as a motivating factor for quitting addiction, and the distinction between stigmatizing addictive behavior versus stigmatizing the condition of being addicted.

Objective: Guilt proneness is associated with both high motivation to succeed and enhanced concern for others. However, in competition, achieving success requires harming others' interests, which demotivates guilt‐prone individuals. Given the prevalence of competition in social and professional life, we examine the relation between guilt proneness, general motivation, and competitive motivation. Method: Two experiments and two laboratory studies (N = 1735) measured guilt proneness, general motivation, and competitive motivation, and their effects on competitive preferences and choices. Study settings included students' choice of playing a game individually vs. competitively (Study 1), physicians' likelihood to seek residency in medical fields characterized by high competitiveness (Study 2), amateur athletes' preferences between inclusive and win‐oriented team strategies (Study 3), and online workers' evaluations of a hypothetical scenario (Study 4). Results: Guilt proneness was related positively to general motivation, but negatively to competitive motivation. Guilt proneness, indirectly through lower competitive motivation, predicted a lower likelihood of pursuing competitive paths and preference for non‐competitive strategies. Emphasizing prosocial aspects of competitiveness attenuated these effects. Conclusions: Guilt proneness is related to high general motivation but to a lower desire to win. Guilt‐prone individuals strive for excellence, but through non‐competitive paths, whereas people with lower guilt proneness prefer competing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Individuals with a tendency to conceal unflattering information about themselves are more likely to be preoccupied by their secrets and tend to report more negative affect. According to theory, this negative affect is due to self‐concealers' conflicting motivation to be authentic in their relationship but fear the negative consequences should they reveal their secrets, which promotes ill‐fated attempts to suppress. The purpose of the current study was to test a central component of this model. Methods: Two studies of adults who were in a romantic relationship and keeping a secret from their partner (combined N = 635; 67.2% women; Mage = 39.6, SD = 11.9) were surveyed on four biweekly occasions. Multilevel mediation analyses were conducted to test whether preoccupation and suppression mediated the link between self‐concealing and negative affect and guilt. Results: The data support the hypotheses. Self‐concealers were more preoccupied with and prone to suppress their secret than those low on the trait, which, in turn, predicted greater negative affect and guilt. Conclusion: The findings suggest that self‐concealers' insecurities and fear of the relational consequences of disclosure set the stage for the debilitating cycle of suppression and preoccupation that leaves them feeling anxious and guilty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health and psychosocial support for Uyghurs living abroad need to be acknowledged as an important component of the humanitarian response. To formulate appropriate interventions for promoting mental health, a comprehensive understanding of identified problems is needed. However, several challenges - including language barriers, community perceptions of mental health, and mental health services - must be addressed. In this field report, we draw from our experiences of the Uyghur diaspora in relation to mental health to present the challenges which need to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focused on the experiences of women who underwent medical termination of their pregnancies. The study adopted a qualitative phenomenological research design with a sample of 20 pregnant women. Data were collected between April and June 2022 using a personal information form and a semistructured individual interview. The qualitative data were analyzed into 4 categories: "psychosocial impacts," "impacts on functionality," "coping," and "expectations." These categories comprised 8 themes and 24 subthemes. Nurses play a crucial role in adopting family-centered approaches to offer holistic care. They should prioritize providing physical care throughout the medical termination, while also assessing the psychological impact of fetal loss. Perinatal palliative care and bereavement counseling should be integrated into care practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, applications of social robots as the operator's avatar have been widely studied for remote conversation with rich nonverbal information. Having another side-participant robot beside the avatar robot of the operator was found to be effective for providing long-lasting backchannels to the interlocutor. The side-participant robot is also expected to play a role in assisting human participation in multiparty conversations. However, such a focus has not been applied to remote conversations with multiple robots. Here, we propose a multiple-robot telecommunication system with which the operator can use a side-participant robot to assist conversation that is developed by the operator through the main speaker robot to verify its effectiveness. In the laboratory experiment where the subjects were made to feel stressed by being forced to provide rude questions to the interlocutor, the proposed system was shown to reduce guilt and to improve the overall mood of operators. The result encourages the application of a multi robot remote conversation system to allow the user to participate in remote conversations with less anxiety of potential failure in maintaining the conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eating disorders (ED) in men are the great unknown. Although several studies have been carried out, it is still understood how men develop these disorders. In this regard, this paper explores the relationship between body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions and ED symptoms and the mediating role of emotional regulation strategies in this association. Participants were 127 (S1) and 163 (S2) adult men who responded to an online questionnaire at two different times and were classified into risk groups (general, high, and low) and healthy groups. Body shame and body guilt were positively related to ED symptoms and maladaptive strategies, whereas they were negatively associated with adaptive strategies. In contrast, authentic and hubristic body pride were negatively associated with ED symptoms (except for authentic body pride in S1), maladaptive strategies such as emotional suppression (S1), psychological withdrawal (S2) and upward social comparison (S2), and positively with adaptive strategies. Likewise, those at risk, compared to the healthy, presented more body shame and body guilt and less hubristic body pride (S2) and used more maladaptive and less adaptive strategies. Finally, maladaptive strategies partially mediated the effect of body shame and body guilt on ED symptoms (in the case of BG also adaptive ones), whereas in the case of the relationship between body pride and ED symptoms, only adaptive strategies and emotional suppression mediated. Our findings show the importance of reducing risk factors (e.g., maladaptive strategies) as well as enhancing protective factors (e.g., adaptive strategies) in prevention and intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The penitence congruity effect observed in adults suggests that people may assess wrongdoers more leniently when they exhibit guilt and deontological beliefs. It means that judgments about one's morality are influenced not only by their actions but also by their expressed moral emotions and beliefs. To determine whether children also exhibit this effect, we studied N = 250 children aged 10 and 11. We presented them with six vignettes: four depicting morally questionable actions (cheating on an exam, lying about homework, fighting with another student, stealing money found in a school hallway) and two displaying socially undesirable behaviors (attending school in pajamas, being late to school). Children also received information about the wrongdoer's emotions (presence or absence of guilt) and beliefs (deontological stance or its absence) or were provided with no additional information on emotions or beliefs. Participants were then asked to assess a wrongdoer's morality for each story. Our findings not only confirm the presence of the penitence congruity effect in children but also demonstrate its applicability to non-conventional behaviors. Specifically, when a wrongdoer expresses guilt and acknowledges wrongdoing, children are more lenient in their evaluations than in the control condition when no insights into the wrongdoer's emotions or beliefs are provided. The results align with the person-centered theory, which posits that individuals assess overall character rather than isolated actions, considering all available information about the person in question. The findings hold potential applications, e.g., in moral education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two studies investigated the possible divergence between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism with regard to guilt- and shame-related traits and reactivity of these emotions. Participants in Study 1 (N = 688; Mage = 19.5; 64.4% female) completed self-report measures regarding narcissism dimensions, as well as general and self-conscious emotion propensities and aversions. Participants in Study 2 (N = 142; Mage = 18.9; 69.2% female) provided state emotion ratings before and after an imaginal social rejection task, in addition to completing measures of narcissism dimensions. Across both studies, guilt was more relevant to grandiose narcissism. In Study 1, guilt-proneness was negatively associated with grandiose narcissism, but only when guilt aversion was low. Relatedly, Study 2 demonstrated that greater grandiose narcissism was associated with lower guilt reactivity following an interpersonal stressor. Comparatively, in Study 1, shame-related traits were positively associated with vulnerable narcissism, though guilt-proneness was negatively associated with vulnerable narcissism. Additionally, Study 2 indicated that greater vulnerable narcissism was associated with heightened reactivity of both shame and guilt. The present study thus builds on the limited research evidence on self-conscious emotions and narcissism, highlighting the sometimes opposing roles of guilt and shame in relation to these different but related personality dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feeling or anticipating guilt associated with consumption situations may lead consumers to adjust their behaviors to avoid those unpleasant feelings and better conform to their personal, moral, and social standards. The experience of guilt regarding a consumption situation is influenced by both contextual factors, including marketing communications, and personal traits, namely the individual's proneness to feel guilt related to consumption. While research has examined the influence of contextual variables on guilt, the individual predisposition to feel guilt associated with consumption has received little attention. Understanding individual consumer guilt proneness can assist managers in customizing strategies to diverse guilt responses: recognizing varying susceptibility to guilt enables personalized approaches across the consumer journey, fostering empathetic managerial actions. This understanding can significantly impact consumer satisfaction, loyalty, and the success of marketing strategies. This study conceptualizes and proposes a measure of consumer guilt proneness, the individual tendency to feel guilt regarding transgressive consumption situations. To define the conceptual domain, a literature review is complemented with a qualitative study. Five dimensions corresponding to sources of guilt (health, extravagance, social influence, misevaluation, and ethics and sustainability) create the initial pool of items. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses corroborate the five‐factor measurement model. The final scale demonstrates adequate convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity. Finally, the instrument is cross‐culturally validated in three countries—Portugal, Poland, and Brazil—which not only strengthens the evidence of its validity and reliability but also lends credibility to its broader application in diverse cultural environments, particularly within Western cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers often continue to support companies involved in unethical conduct. Yet, a theoretical understanding of such behavior is lacking. This study aims to demonstrate that moral decoupling enables consumers to offer continuous support for companies involved in unethical conduct by reducing feelings of guilt in the purchase decision. It further intends to explore how personality traits moderate the influence of decoupling mechanisms on purchase intentions and to show how the moral intensity of misconduct affects consumersʻ activation of moral decoupling. Four empirical studies were conducted, revealing that decoupling explains purchase intentions both directly and indirectly through guilt. The study also shows that consumersʻ empathic concern and moral identity moderate decoupling processes. High moral intensity of unethical conduct diminished engagement in moral decoupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Working on the border The confrontation with the terminal illness and death of a group member is a drastic experience for a therapy group. On the one hand, it mobilised forms of social support beyond the group framework in this therapy example, which raises questions about the work on what Foulkes once called the "border zone" of group therapy. On the other hand, this experience challenged us to deal with basic existential issues on the border between life and death, such as fear of loneliness, death and dying. And it catalyses development-limiting conflicts such as survivor's guilt, fear of changes in the group, etc., which thus become accessible for processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explore the theoretical and clinical features of burdening guilt according to control-mastery theory (CMT), an integrative, relational cognitive-dynamic theory of mental functioning, psychopathology, and psychotherapy. CMT posits that burdening guilt stems from the belief that one's emotions, needs, and way of being are a burden to significant others. After having introduced some research data about the belief of being a burden to others, we will point out how CMT explains this belief in light of a coherent theory of development, emphasizing its connection with early traumatic or adverse experiences with caregivers that give rise to the formation of pathogenic beliefs. These beliefs are mostly unconscious, and influence the way people make sense of themselves and their reality, giving rise to symptoms, inhibitions, and maladaptive personality traits that obstruct the achievement of healthy and adaptive goals. We will then compare burdening guilt with omnipotent responsibility guilt and self-hate, highlighting the points of contact and the differences between these types of interpersonal guilt. Subsequently, we will point out the "double nature" of burdening guilt, describing how it represents both a self-blame for what one is, and the expression of the need to take care of important others. Finally, we will propose a clinical vignette to illustrate some manifestations of burdening guilt in the therapeutic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This participatory research project highlighted the views and experiences of young people who are the brothers and sisters of children and young people who have experienced child sexual abuse. By working with young people who had experienced sexual abuse and their siblings, this practitioner research sought to give these young people a voice. The research involved a group process with young people who have experienced sexual abuse and have siblings, and one‐to‐one online consultations with the brothers and sisters of young people who have experienced abuse. All the young people spoke of their sibling and family relationships as unique and requiring unique responses to these relationships by services and health‐care professionals. Siblings' needs in the aftermath of a child sexual abuse discovery are often overlooked. This research describes how just as children who have experienced sexual abuse may feel anger, fear, guilt, shame, anxiety, and confusion, so do their siblings. Brothers and sisters of young people who have experienced sexual abuse describe significant relational trauma with intense emotional experiences of isolation, confusion, sadness, and anger. There is a real need to support young people and families to find words and develop capacities to talk about child sexual abuse ‐‐ a need to find supportive ways to speak about what has occurred and understand its impact on all. The study clearly demonstrated the significant level of need and impact on brothers and sisters of young people who have experienced sexual abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the philosophical study of shame has gained popularity, its application in the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible remains in its early stages. This paper delves into an analysis of shaming and unreasonable shame in the Book of Job, particularly in chapter 19. Through an examination of the Hebrew text and drawing on contemporary philosophical definitions of shame and shaming, I argue that Job perceives his friends, God, and the community to be employing shaming tactics against him, attempting to induce feelings of shame, a sentiment Job considers unjustified. In his case, shame is deemed unreasonable because Job has not violated any cherished values that would warrant such an emotion. Additionally, I demonstrate that while Job senses God shaming him, the biblical character acknowledges that his deity is the sole entity aware of his innocence—God's eyes perceive accurately, in contrast to humans', which only assess outward appearances. The role of God as the perfect witness to Job's life is fulfilled in the epilogue of the book, where Yahweh vindicates Job from the shame he has endured by publicly denouncing the serious faults of his friends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research suggests that social anxiety symptoms are maintained and intensified by inflexible emotion regulation (ER). Therefore, we examined whether trait-level social anxiety moderates ER flexibility operationalised at both between-person (covariation between variability in emotional intensity and variability in strategy use across occasions) and within-person (associations between emotional intensity and strategy use on a given day) levels. In a sample of healthy college-aged adults (N = 185, Mage = 21.89), we examined overall and emotion-specific intensities (shame, guilt, anxiety, anger, sadness) and regulatory strategies (i.e. experiential avoidance, expressive suppression, and rumination) in response to each day's most emotionally intense event over 6 days. During the study period, we found a positive association between variability in emotional intensity and variability of experiential avoidance in individuals with lower, rather than higher, levels of trait social anxiety after controlling for key covariates (i.e. gender, personality traits, and stress exposure). However, we did not find evidence for the moderating role of trait social anxiety in ER flexibility assessed at within-person levels. Our findings highlight the need to delineate dynamic ER flexibility across everyday events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This autoethnography is a layered and strange account that explores the "tacit norm of silence" around sexual dynamics between researchers and participants in the field. Such situations go against the dichotomous ethical standards within sociology about the relationship between researchers and participants, which resulted in feelings of shame, guilt, and anxiety both professionally and within the author's personal life. These standards of ethics, and the resulting feelings when boundaries are crossed, serve as a disciplinary mechanism that promotes epistemic injustice regarding how queer scholars produce and disseminate knowledge within the academy. However, in confronting these feelings and challenging the stigma and silence around this topic, the author seeks to disrupt the normative ethical standards of research that marginalize queer researchers and maintain this heteronormative bias and the resulting epistemic injustice. Lastly, by remaining complicit toward this tacit norm of silence, sociologists do a disservice to students and future researchers by not preparing them to confront similar dilemmas and feelings while conducting research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the United States, the incidence of substance misuse among pregnant women has been steadily increasing. While pregnant women with substance use disorder (SUD) are in critical need of support during the prenatal period, they enter prenatal care stigmatized and facing the possibility of punitive responses. Little research has been done about how women with SUDs themselves experience pregnancy and the transition to motherhood. The aim of this study was to examine women's internal experiences of pregnancy in the context of SUD. Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with n = 19 postpartum women with SUD. Data were analyzed using a semantic, thematic approach. Results: Participants expressed their thoughts and experiences about their pregnancies in four main themes: (1) fear of harming the baby; (2) fear about child welfare involvement; (3) guilt informed by recovery stage; and (4) mixed feelings about pregnancy amidst complicated circumstances. The women expressed fear about their children's well‐being, coupled with motivation to protect their child and the need for clear medical information. Their expressions of guilt depended on the severity of their SUD and their stage in recovery during their pregnancy. Women entered prenatal care with mixed emotions about their pregnancy, such as guilt and excitement, in the midst of complicated life circumstances. Conclusions: These findings suggest a complexity of internal experiences for pregnant women with SUDs. Participants' feelings and experiences during pregnancy can inform practitioners' approaches to prenatal care in the context of SUDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior research suggests that childhood lack of guilt increases risk for involvement in the criminal justice system later in life. However, few studies have explored the role of moderating factors on this association across the life course, particularly parental incarceration during adolescence, which is commonly associated with child contact with the criminal justice system. The current study analyzes self-report data from a population-based sample of U.S. youth (N = 6,581) to examine whether and to what extent parental incarceration between ages 10 and 17 moderate the association between child lack of guilt between ages 8 and 9 and incarceration from ages 18 to 32. Results from a series path models reveal that childhood lack of guilt is positively associated with adult incarceration. Parental incarceration is also associated with child incarceration, but does not moderate the direct pathway from childhood lack of guilt to incarceration. Early life lack of guilt or empathy appears to be a robust and unique independent risk factor for future criminal justice involvement. Prevention efforts should focus on identifying and treating this form of problematic behavior early in childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies with the eye-tracking technology have predominantly tracked eye parameters in response to a single simple stimulus, and have generated interesting - sometimes inconsistent - results in research on deceptive behavior. The present study analyzed visual patterns in response to a complex image, to investigate potential differences in eye fixation between guilty versus innocent, and honest versus dishonest participants. One hundred and sixty participants were assigned to one of four experimental groups, defined by the parameters of honesty (dishonesty) and guilt (innocence), and asked to complete a computer-based task, looking at neutral and target images (i.e., images of the mock crime scene). RealEye software was used to capture participants' eye movements when viewing the images. The findings revealed significant differences in eye movements between the four experimental groups in the pictures in which the area where the crime took place was clearly visible. Dishonest and guilty participants recorded fewer and shorter fixations in the area of the image where the crime took place than those who entered the crime scene but did not commit the crime. No differences between groups emerged in the visual patterns in response to neutral images, confirming that the number and duration of fixations in response to the target images may be attributed to the experimental condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nonvenereal skin diseases are often confused with sexually transmitted diseases. It is responsible not only for the physician's diagnostic dilemma but also for significant patient concerns. Identifying the cause or aggravating factors can save the patient from distress. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the clinical pattern and prevalence of nongenital diseases. Methods: All males attending the dermatology outpatient department in our hospital are included in the study after getting informed consent. Detailed history, including demographic data, chief complaints related to skin, any symptoms in genitalia, drug history, and history of sexual exposures, was recorded. Results: The prevalence of nonvenereal genital lesions during the period was 8.2% of patients attending the dermatology department. A total of 21% of nonvenereal genital dermatoses were studied in 82 patients. The most common ones encountered are pearly penile papules and tinea cruris, contributing 19.5% each. Vitiligo is the following most expected condition, involving 13.4% of patients. Among the total 82 patients with nonvenereal genital dermatoses, 65.8% had symptoms in external genitalia, and the rest of the 34.2% of patients did not have any complaints in genitalia. Conclusion: Among the 82 patients with nonvenereal dermatoses, 54 (65.85%) had symptoms in external genitalia. The study helped us understand the pattern and clinical characteristics of various nonvenereal genital dermatoses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore nursing students' moral distress (MD) experiences in clinical settings. Design: An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) design was employed. Methods: Purposive sampling was used. In‐depth semi‐structured face‐to‐face interviews were conducted from December 2020 to June 2021 with nursing students who were taking the internship course in clinical settings. Data analysis was conducted following Dickman et al.'s (1989) method. Results: Ten nursing students participated in this study. Three main themes were identified, including (1) negative learning environments, (2) internal disgust and (3) threats to professional identity. Conclusion: Findings showed that value conflict, lack of knowledge of ethical standards and its application, and unprofessional approaches result in negative environmental learning perceptions from the nursing students. Therefore, due to being unable to change the situation, they start to feel guilt and shame and, as a result, decide to escape the problem instead of managing it. These feelings lead to internal disgust. This issue indicates the importance of improving the knowledge and perception of these situations. Thus, nursing students must be prepared for the real world, where their ideals are constantly challenged. MDs were experienced as threats to dignity, inequality, distrust, and change of mentality towards nursing, characterised as threats to professional identity. It is suggested to inquire about the process of nursing students' resiliency in morally disturbing situations to deduce the suitable approach for clinical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Older adults who are abused by their offspring often find it difficult to cooperate with professionals to end the abuse. In these situations, social workers face an ethical dilemma between respecting the older adult's right to autonomy and intervening in a paternalistic way to prevent harm. This qualitative study aimed to examine the effect of interpersonal factors on the decision-making ability of older adults who do not experience significant cognitive and mental decline and choose to remain in abusive relationships. Twenty-one social workers specialising in the field of aging participated in a semi-structured interview based on a vignette. The analysis was encoded inductively, informed by the principles of content analysis. Two themes emerged: (i) Older adults' feelings towards their abusive adult children, including love and concern, shame and guilt and relationships with symbiotic characteristics; (ii) Older adults' motivation to stay in the abusive relationships, based either on utilitarian motivation or on their fear of the abuser. The study's findings can serve as a foundation for the development of a tool for evaluating the influence of abusive relationships on older adults' decision-making ability, which considers not only their personal characteristics but also their interactions and relationships with their surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the indirect impact of work-to-family conflict (WFC) on job satisfaction and reparative behaviors toward family members through work-to-family guilt (WFG). In addition, it seeks to explore the moderating effect of intrinsic motivation on the relationship between WFC and WFG. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted two studies. Study 1 used a scenario-based experiment to investigate the mediating effect of WFG. Study 2 examined all the proposed hypotheses via survey data. Findings: Study 1 revealed that WFC had a negative effect on job satisfaction. Concurrently, it exerted a positive impact on reparative behavioral intentions toward family members through WFG. Subsequently, Study 2 demonstrated that intrinsic motivation moderated the relationship between WFC and guilt. Furthermore, it also moderated the indirect effect of WFC on job satisfaction through WFG. Moreover, a positive relationship between WFG and reparative behaviors existed only among nontraditional men. Originality/value: This study enriches existing literature on WFG by clarifying its impact on reparative behaviors toward family members. Moreover, it contributes to the contingent view of the source attribution perspective by highlighting intrinsic motivation as a significant boundary condition in the source attribution process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the philosophical study of shame has gained popularity, its application in the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible remains in its early stages. This paper delves into an analysis of shaming and unreasonable shame in the Book of Job, particularly in chapter 19. Through an examination of the Hebrew text and drawing on contemporary philosophical definitions of shame and shaming, I argue that Job perceives his friends, God, and the community to be employing shaming tactics against him, attempting to induce feelings of shame, a sentiment Job considers unjustified. In his case, shame is deemed unreasonable because Job has not violated any cherished values that would warrant such an emotion. Additionally, I demonstrate that while Job senses God shaming him, the biblical character acknowledges that his deity is the sole entity aware of his innocence—God's eyes perceive accurately, in contrast to humans', which only assess outward appearances. The role of God as the perfect witness to Job's life is fulfilled in the epilogue of the book, where Yahweh vindicates Job from the shame he has endured by publicly denouncing the serious faults of his friends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To understand resident, family and staff perspectives of older people's transition to residential aged care and initiatives that support this transition. Methods: A qualitative Appreciative Inquiry was undertaken with residents, family members and staff in residential aged care. It included semistructured interviews (n = 40), three focus groups (n = 17) and an organisational summit (n = 72). Each stage sought to build on the previous one, deepening understanding of the issues experienced and identifying positive strategies for change. Data were analysed thematically using framework analysis. Results: The transition experience was characterised by grief and guilt felt by family members and the challenges they faced in participating in a decision to admit a relative to residential aged care. Residents found the transition challenging but stressed the need to adjust to the situation. Family members struggled with trusting others to provide appropriate care and both residents and relatives reported challenges in communicating with staff. Initiatives were recommended by the organisational summit to assist in the transition to residential aged care. These included developing a service navigator role, co‐designing new systems and resources with residents and relatives, and ensuring more consistent staffing. Conclusions: Improved communication strategies and resources are needed to support the resident's identity, build trust in the organisation and support transition to residential aged care. Staff should continue to value the contribution family members play in the life of the resident and the culture of the aged care community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco-anxiety increasingly weighs on (young) people's mental health and impacts their life choices. This commentary zooms in on socio-ecological reproductive concerns with the aim to provide room for collective doubts on this individual choice, and to normalize emotions of anxiety, fear, grief, guilt, and regret, among many others, because of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 21st century is referred to as the "Digital Age." Through the internet, people can quickly access information, keep up with developments worldwide, have fun, and chat with loved ones. The concept of social media, which includes social networks, has become one of the most important parts of the internet today. While the internet provides countless benefits to individuals, it can also bring various harms. One of the primary concerns is body image. The filters provided by social media, flawlesslooking photos, and idealized bodies that are far from reality affect individuals' perceptions of their bodies and create a negative impact. These filters and idealized bodies may lead individuals to struggle with accepting their physical characteristics and attempting to conform to the standards portrayed on social media. The "ideal" body images presented in the media can lead to issues such as disordered eating behavior, body image dissatisfaction, feelings of guilt and shame, unhappiness, anxiety, and depression, especially in women. This study addresses the negative effects of social media networks on body image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) predicts anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet the role of cognition in these pathways is poorly understood. This study explored whether self-criticism, guilt, and gender beliefs predicted psychological symptoms, using self-report data from 50 Colombian female IPV survivors with diverse socioeconomic statuses. Self-criticism and guilt were high and significantly associated with IPV. Self-criticism significantly predicted depression and PTSD, whilst only guilt predicted anxiety. Traditional gender role beliefs were associated with emotional abuse, but not with self-criticism, guilt, or symptoms. In conclusion, self-criticism and guilt are important treatment targets for female IPV survivors, regardless of gender beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between Honesty-Humility and malevolent creativity, by testing the sequential mediation models of prosocial moral emotional traits (gratitude, guilt, sympathy, and empathy) and prosocial tendencies. Participants (N = 592) filled out scales measuring Honesty-Humility, Emotionality, Openness to experience, malevolent creativity, trait guilt, trait gratitude, trait empathy, trait sympathy, and prosocial tendencies. The variables of Age, gender, Emotionality, and Openness to experience were controlled for in sequential mediation analyses. The results indicated that Honesty-Humility was negatively associated with malevolent creativity. Multiple mediation analyses showed that trait gratitude, trait guilt, and trait sympathy fitted the model that prosocial moral emotional traits and prosocial tendencies sequentially mediate the negative association between Honesty-Humility and malevolent creativity. However, trait empathy failed in fitting the sequential mediation model. The findings suggest that individuals with high Honesty-Humility are inclined towards experiencing prosocial moral emotions and then have prosocial tendencies. Consequently, they may act with fewer malevolent creative tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotion as Social Information Theory claims that in an ambiguous situation, people rely on others' emotions to make sense of the level of fairness encountered. We tested whether the information provided by emotions about the fairness of a procedure is still a significant factor in explaining individual differences in perception of variance, even in unambiguous situations. We assessed the effects of others' emotions on observers inferred procedural justice during (un)ambiguous situations when people are treated (un)fairly. We collected data using Qualtrics online survey software from 1012 employees across different industry services in the United States. The participants were assigned randomly to one of the 12 experimental conditions (fair, unfair, and unknown x happiness, anger, guilt, and neutral). The results indicated that emotions played a significant role in the psychology of justice judgments under the ambiguous situation, as predicted by the EASI, as well as under unambiguous conditions. The study revealed significant interactions between the procedure and emotion. These findings emphasized the importance of considering how others' emotions influence an observer's perception of justice. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An online experiment with two between-subjects conditions was conducted among a convenience sample of American college students to test the impact of first-person internally focalized versus third-person externally focalized risk narratives on the effectiveness of anti-prescription opioid campaigns as well as factors that explain such impact. It found that first-internal vs. third-external narratives increased identification with the character, perceived severity of the dangers of prescription opioids, anticipated guilt, as well as negative attitudes toward prescription opioids. The study also found indirect positive impacts of first-internal vs. third-external narratives on negative attitudes toward prescription opioids and intentions to avoid (mis)using prescription opioids via perceived severity and anticipated guilt but not identification. The findings contribute to our understanding of the impacts of narrative perspectives in the context of health communication and provide guidance in the design of effective anti-prescription opioid campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though shame and guilt are closely related self-conscious emotions, they have been validated as distinct constructs in their subjective experience, action tendencies, and association to psychopathology. Due to frequent interchangeable use of shame/guilt terms, experimental findings accounting for empirically- backed distinctions between these two emotion states are sparse. A recently-developed writing task sought to effectively induce discrete shame or guilt states, producing promising results. In the present study, we aimed to extend prior shame-guilt induction research by replicating this writing task with consideration of audience and population effects that may have impacted its validity in the prior study. Southern U.S. undergraduate students were randomized to one of three induction groups: shame (n = 121), guilt (n = 125), or control (n = 125). A state measure of shame and guilt was administered to assess state shame and state guilt following the emotion induction tasks. Results indicated that the shame and guilt inductions each evoked greater state shame and state guilt than the control, but no differences were seen between those two inductions. Overall, writing tasks did not differentiate shame from guilt as expected based on results of prior published work. Based on the inability to replicate previous findings, it is unclear if consistent and discrete guilt/shame evocation via this experimental task is feasible. Future directions for the improvement of guilt and shame experimental inductions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In five experiments with a total N = 1558, we studied to which extent the perception of wrongdoers' morality depends on wrongdoers' cognitive and emotional penitence on the example of deontological beliefs and guilt. Both types of penitence improved the target's moral impressions to a similar degree. We established a penitence congruity effect, whereby jointly signaling cognitive and emotional penitence amplifies the strength of each of these types of penitence. The penitence congruity effect was visible when participants compared several wrongdoers (Studies 1, 2, and 5) but disappeared when participants judged them independently (Studies 3 and 4). In a pre-registered Study 5, we showed how the credibility of the statements explained the penitence congruity effect: incongruent penitence (e.g. wrongdoer felt guilt but thought a murder could be justified) decreased the credibility of the positive statements and reduced its impact on the wrongdoer's moral perception. Taken together, people who judge transgressors do incorporate information about their cognitive and emotional penitence and expect this information to be congruent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From a prima facie point of view, Nietzsche's use of virtue may appear to be a form of virtue ethics. Certainly, this is one position that has been established within the secondary literature; however, I argue that a more fruitful philosophical reading is to view his use of virtue as a part of his drive psychology. Indeed, what makes Nietzsche's philosophical psychology relevant to this topic, is the way in which he characterises the "sovereign individual" as an agent that is in control of good or appropriate actions because they are strong enough in character to sublimate their "drives" in the act of willing. Nietzsche's philosophical psychology has important educational implications because an obvious place to cultivate the sovereign individual is through education, but to Nietzsche, education and educational institutions seem only interested in promoting certain Christian virtues (e.g., faith, hope, and charity), and herd forming virtues (e.g., obedience, guilt, and equality) that breed sick young people who are decadent and weak willed. In response to this dilemma, I turn my attention to how Nietzsche overcomes this problem by proposing new virtues that should figure in a new type of education which is concerned with educating the will of the sovereign individual. Central to Nietzsche's new type of education is the painful labour of self-cultivation (Bildung), the revaluation of one's values, and a ceaseless striving to overcome obstacles (will to power), so we are able to educate ourselves against life-negating virtues or vices that make us decadent and weak willed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children affected by tethered cord syndrome (TCS) encounter multifaceted challenges encompassing educational, familial and social spheres, underscoring the significance of a holistic comprehension of their subjective emotional well‐being and life encounters. Nonetheless, healthcare professionals tend to prioritise the physical functionality of the afflicted individuals throughout the treatment and rehabilitation process, often neglecting the emotional experiences and requirements of these children as they transition into posthospitalization phases. Aim: To advance the subjective experiences and perceptions of children with TCS upon reintegration into their families, educational institutions and wider societal contexts subsequent to their discharge from medical facilities. Methods: The study was conducted at the Children's Hospital in Zhejiang. Twelve children aged 8–15 with TCS were included in the study. The research design used an interpretative qualitative approach, utilising semi‐structured interviews as the primary data collection method. Data analysis was performed using reflexive thematic analysis, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of emerging themes and patterns. Results: Four major themes (and seven subthemes) were identified from the findings: (1) growing pains (a shameful secret, distance between ideal and reality); (2) inappropriate expressions of familial affection (knowing is not understanding, unspeakable guilt); (3) social estrangement (uncomfortable distinctions, familiar stranger) and (4) striving for independence and consistency. Conclusions: Children affected by TCS exhibit internal sensitivity and challenges in self‐development, family dynamics and social interactions. They aspire to attain a future characterised by independence and freedom, akin to that of their typically developing peers. These findings can help health professionals, families and educators gain a deeper understanding of what it takes to be a child with TCS, and the findings can also serve as a platform for interventions that seek to promote self‐expression in these children so that they can experience life as a meaningful and positive process. Patient or Public Contribution: This study received support from children with TCS and their guardians during data collection, as well as from the head nurse of the unit. Coresearchers also contributed to design, data collection, analysis and writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Victim-blaming is a source of deep concern for survivors of violence since it is linked to feelings of shame, guilt, and embarrassment, as well as less help-seeking behaviors, fear of being known by others, and fear of revenge by the perpetrator. In cases of intimate partner violence, cultural and individual factors such as sexism, honor system endorsement, and fragile masculinity beliefs all play a part in determining who is to blame. This study, therefore, aimed to examine the mechanisms relating hostile sexism to victim-blaming of men from an honor culture, where one's self-worth is dependent on the judgments of others, and men are assigned to safeguard the family's honor. In total, 252 men from Turkey participated in the study. Hostile sexism, supporting honor norms, and fragile masculinity beliefs of men predicted more victim-blaming in a male to female partner violence depicted through a date rape scenario. Supporting honor norms and fragile masculinity beliefs mediated the association between hostile sexism and victim-blaming. Findings suggested that questioning honor codes and masculine ideas may reduce victim-blaming. Implications of the findings for prevention efforts and future studies are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When secrets come to mind, do people try to suppress them or do they engage with them? Whereas earlier research suggested that people try to suppress secrets, recent work suggests that people often engage with their secrets. Although thought suppression tends to be associated with greater distress, engagement may be ameliorative. In two longitudinal studies of 653 adults (55% women; Mage = 41.3, SD = 12.4) keeping a secret from their partner, we show that engagement with and suppression of secrets are highly positively related. Like suppression, the more people engage with secrets, the more negative affect and guilt they report feeling. Longitudinal analyses indicate that whereas changes over time in engagement and suppression both predicted reduced secret preoccupation, reductions in suppression (but not engagement) mediated reductions in guilt and negative affect. These results indicate that suppression and engagement are more intimately connected than previously thought. We found no evidence that engagement was ameliorative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate how the individual differences, such as independent and interdependent self-construal, and possible underlying mechanisms, such as autonomy, competence, and relatedness influence the effect of emotional appeal organ donation messages. The experiment was a 2 (type of appeal: pride vs guilt) X 2 (self-construal: independent vs interdependent) between-subjects factorial design. First, autonomy and competence can respectively increase attitude and intention of organ donation. Second, autonomy played a mediating role between emotion and attitudes toward organ donation regardless of self-construal levels. Third, pride appeal messages promoted more autonomy and competence compared to guilt appeal messages. For participants under independent self-construal priming, pride appeal organ donation message generated more positive attitude toward organ donation than guilt appeal messages. The results revealed the importance of autonomy and competence in organ donation, and the mediating role of autonomy and the effectiveness of pride appeal message in promoting autonomy and positive attitude toward organ donation. Health practitioners should increase people's autonomy and competence via pride appeal organ donation messages. To maximize the effect of pride appeal organ donation message, health practitioners should prime population with independent self-construal by emphasizing their agency, personal values, and uniqueness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are characterized by low empathy, guilt, and prosociality, putting children at risk for lifespan antisocial behavior. Elevated CU traits have been linked separately to difficulties with emotion understanding (i.e., identifying emotional states of others) and disrupted parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) functioning. However, no study has investigated how PNS functioning and emotion understanding are jointly related to CU traits. Method: We explored associations between CU traits, emotion understanding, and PNS functioning (indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) among children aged 7–10 years old (n = 55). We also tested whether deficits in emotion understanding differ across specific emotions (i.e., fear, pain, happiness, anger). Each child's RSA was continuously recorded while they watched a film that included emotionally evocative social interactions. To assess emotion understanding, children identified emotions replayed in 1s animations of scenes from the film. Parents reported on child CU traits, conduct problems, and demographic information. Results: Higher CU traits were related to lower emotion understanding (β = −0.43, p = 0.03). PNS activity during the film moderated this association (β = −0.47, p < 0.001), such that CU traits were associated with lower emotion understanding among children with mean (B = −0.01, t = −2.46, p = 0.02) or high (i.e., 1 SD > M; B = −0.02, t = −3.00, p < 0.001) RSA levels during the film, but not among children with low RSA levels (i.e., 1 SD < M; B = 0.00, t = −0.53, p = 0.60). Moreover, we found that the observed moderated associations are driven by deficits in fear, specifically. Conclusions: The link between poorer emotion understanding, fear understanding in particular, and CU traits was attenuated for children who demonstrated patterns of PNS functioning consistent with attentional engagement while viewing the emotion stimuli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we report on the results of two experimental manipulations in a visual scenario survey experiment. We explored to what extent a conceptual money and guilt priming task combined with random assignment to a manipulated scenario condition affects the likelihood of theft by taking and anticipated guilt. Data are taken from a region-wide convenience sample of adolescents and young adults (N = 3564). Six subgroups of participants are created based on two experimental manipulations. Firstly, before being presented with a visual scenario vignette depicting the act of stealing a small amount of money, survey participants are randomly assigned to a scrambled sentence test in which the concepts of money or guilt are primed. Secondly, each participant is again randomly assigned to either a visual scenario condition in which a witness is present or to a visual scenario condition in which no one is present. MANOVA is used to test the differences between the subgroups across two dependent variables simultaneously: the likelihood of theft by taking, and anticipated guilt. Results show no significant differences between the experimental conditions and the control condition for the dependent variables. Implications of the findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the relation between guilt and identification with the aggressor (IWA) and the moderating role of IWA in the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and guilt. An online survey was conducted among a convenience sample of 700 women. IPV survivors demonstrated elevated guilt, and IWA was related to guilt. Furthermore, IWA moderated the relation between IPV and guilt: Among participants with low IWA levels, IPV was unrelated to guilt, but among participants with high IWA levels, IPV was related to guilt. These findings suggest that IWA may be a key element in explaining guilt among IPV survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]