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In this study, we explored and optimized a MW-enhanced divergent approach for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzofurans and chromenes, starting from seventeen substituted o -propargylphenols characterized by a monoaryl substitution on the propargylic sp 3 carbon. Firstly, we developed a robust platform for the preparation of a library of o -propargylphenols. Under basic conditions, o -propargylphenols reacted regioselectively to yield benzofurans in yields ranging from 43% to 100%. Conversely, under cationic gold catalysis, we were able to obtain the corresponding 4 H -chromenes, albeit in more variable yields (from 25% to 93%) and slightly lower regioselectively. We also proposed plausible mechanisms to explain the divergent outcomes observed. Our findings underscore the potential of diversity-oriented synthesis in the investigation of molecular complexity. Our neglected o -propargylphenols have proven to be versatile and strategic starting materials for accessing oxygen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds through intramolecular cyclization reactions.

The authors report three newborns with subcutaneous fat necrosis, that appeared between the 4th and 21st day of life. The infants, full term of normal weight, presented severe perinatal hypoxia and needed primary resuscitation. Severity and duration of perinatal hypoxia were not related with the time of cutaneous lesion onset. Serum calcium levels were in the higher values of the neonatal normal range. Vitamin D levels were within the normal range and only one patient showed a transient elevation of PTH, suggesting a poor relevance of both these factors in determining serum calcium increase. All patients showed a marked increase of platelets number, before the onset of clinical manifestations. Thrombocytosis could play an important role in the pathogenesis of adipose tissue necrosis, causing lower blood perfusion with relative hypoxia and hypothermia.

We measured bone mineral content (BMC) with single photon absorptiometry in two groups of young patients with type I diabetes: the first group (prospective study) consists of 48 patients followed from onset to the third year of diabetes and the second group (cross-sectional study) consists of 66 long-term diabetics. Bone mineral content at onset of disease was lower than normal in only two cases. After 3 years of diabetes no male revealed BMC below the normal range but two females (6.6%) had low BMC values. In our cross-sectional study we found a BMC reduction in 12% of the cases. We did not find a relationship between bone deficit and duration of diabetes, or bone mass values and HbA1.