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To compare the adaptation processes of the remaining jejunum or ileum after extensive intestinal resection in a growing animal model.Forty 21-day old rats were divided into four groups: JG: remaining jejunum group - ileal enterectomy; IG: ileum remaining group - jejunum enterectomy; SHAM: sham-operated group - open-and-close laparotomy; and NO: non-operated animals.After 3 weeks, JG and IG animals had decreased weights comparing to SHAM and NO animals (p = 0.017 and p = 0.005, respectively). The histomorphometric analysis showed that in JG animals the villi were higher than in SHAM, NO, and IG animals (p = 0.007, p = 0.008, and p = 0.01), the depth of crypts in JG and IG animals was greater than in NO and SHAM animals (p = 0.03, p = 0.002, and p = 0.003 respectively), and muscle layer thickness of the jejunum of JG animals had values greater than SHAM and NO animals (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02, respectively). The Ki-67 expression in the ileum was higher in comparison with the jejunum (p = 0.014). The pro-apoptotic gene (Bax) expression was decreased in JG animals compared to IG, SHAM, and NO animals (p = 0.013, p = 0.024, and p = 0.021). The anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-XL) expression was decreased in JG animals in comparison to IG and NO animals (p = 0.002 and p = 0.046) although it was increased in the colon of IG animals in comparison to JG, SHAM, and NO animals (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). The Bax/Bcl-XL ratio was higher in JG than in IG animals (p = 0.011).Adaptive responses seemed to be more effective in the ileum than in the jejunum.

Luka terbuka memerlukan biomaterial untuk mempercepat proses kesembuhan. extracellular matrix (ECM) dari vesica urinaria babi merupakan salah satu biomaterial yang sering digunakan sebagai perancah sehingga pada resipien proses kesembuhan luka menjadi lebih cepat. Keamanan penggunaan extracellular matrix dapat dianalisa melalui gambaran darah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui biokompatibilitas bahan ECM yang berasal dari vesica urinaria babi dievaluasi dari hasil pemeriksaan darah khususnya total eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin, dan total leukosit. Penelitian ini menggunakan 32 ekor tikus putih jantan yang telah dianestesi kemudian diberikan luka insisi pada punggung sepanjang 2 cm dengan kedalaman 0,2 mm dan dibagi kedalam dua kelompok. KI sebagai kontrol, tidak diberi bahan ECM dan KII sebagai perlakuan, diberi bahan ECM. Extracellular matrix dari vesica urinaria babi dibuat menggunakan metode Freytes yang sedikit dimodifikasi. Extracellular matrix berbentuk serat halus diaplikasikan sampai menutupi daerah luka sayat kemudian dioleskan vaselin sebagai perekat ECM pada luka. Pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan empat kali yaitu pada hari ke-1, hari ke-5, hari ke-10, hari ke-15 pasca pembedahan, sampel darah diambil dari vena lateralis sebanyak 0,5 ml dan kemudian diperiksa menggunakan mesin Animal Blood Counter iCell-800Vet. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan analisis ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ECM dari vesica urinaria babi dapat mempercepat kesembuhan luka tanpa menimbulkan perubahan nilai total eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin, dan total leukosit dari nilai rujukan normal, sehingga dapat disimpulkan ECM dari vesica urinaria babi tidak memiliki efek negatif terhadap profil hematologi tikus putih jantan.

The second annual meeting of any organization is almost as critical as the first. A second meeting begins to assure the viability and importance of the organization. After the very successful first meeting of the Anesthetists' Travel Club in Rochester, Minnesota, in December of 1929, Ralph Waters (1883-1979) was charged with hosting the 1930 meeting at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. The meeting was held Thursday December 18th through Saturday December 20th. Dr. Waters started the meeting at 8:00 am with a tour of the operating rooms of the Wisconsin General Hospital. Lunch followed at the Memorial Union with the afternoon split between experimental surgery, and the anatomy, and physiology laboratories. There was an early dinner before the group took in the basketball game between the University of Pennsylvania and the University of Wisconsin. Friday's meeting was very similar; starting in the operating rooms at 8:00 am followed by a Union Club lunch. The afternoon was spent in the Pharmacology laboratory with a 4:00 pm lecture entitled “Demonstration Clinical Effects of Barbiturates in Neuropsychiatry”. Dinner was held at the University Club. Saturday's program followed the same lines, but with an afternoon tea and a dinner at the Waters' home. In February1931, almost a year to the date from his first note, Waters wrote to those who had attended the meeting. He followed up on the clinical cases the group had seen, and commented upon the Guedel-Waters balloons for endotracheal tubes and the spinal he had performed. He even commented upon the use of cyclopropane in obstetrics. Thus, the Anesthetists' Travel Club meeting in 1930 successfully concluded.

Statement of purpose“Lietuvos chirurgija” (“Lithuanian Surgery”) is a peer-reviewed journal of the Association of Lithuanian Surgeons, the Lithuanian Association for Wound Care, the Lithuanian Association for Ambulatory Surgery,the Lithuanian Society of Endoscopists, the Lithuanian Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons, the LithuanianSociety of Coloproctologists, the Lithuanian Society of Vascular Surgeons, the Lithuanian Society for MinimalInvasine Surgery, the Lithuanian Society of Neurosurgeons, the Lithuanian Society of Oncologists, the Lithuanian Society of Pathologists, the Lithuanian Society for Hand Surgery and Hand Rehabilitation, the Lithuanian Society of Traumatologists and Orthopedic Surgeons, the Lithuanian Society of Urologists,the Lithuanian Society of Paediatric Surgery, the Lithuanian Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons, the Lithuanian Society of Vertebrologists, Vilnius Surgical Society, Kaunas Region Surgical Society, Klaipėda Region SurgicalSociety, Šiauliai Region Surgical Society, Panevėžys Region Surgical Society.It has been designed to meet the needfor a rapid spreading of new and important information on the theory and practice of surgery and related sciences. The journal provides a rapid publication of original papers that contribute to knowledge in the fields of clinical surgery, experimental surgery and related sciences.The contributions are accepted in Lithuanian and English. The journal “Lietuvos chirurgija” is an officialperiodical (quarterly) scientific publication of the Lithuanian Republic. Selection of papers for publicationis based on the opinion of highly qualified reviewers who are supporters, consultants or members of the Editorial Board and the International Advisory Board.

The Wistar albino rat is the animal most commonly used in scientific research around the world. Knowledge of the anatomy of the body of these animals is key in the research field, especially in cases when the research requires experimental surgery. Descriptive literature on the morphology of the cardiovascular system of these animals, particularly the heart, is old and difficult to access. Publications in journals are not readily available, and books approach the subject in a superficial way. The aim of this study is to research, organize, and translate the literature on the anatomy and embryology of the cardiovascular system of the albino Wistar rat to facilitate the use of this information in future research that requires the knowledge of the anatomy of these animals, for example, experimental surgery research.

Access to the circulatory system is essential for continuous monitoring and long-term experimental study. One of the commonest methods for venous access is femoral vein cannulation. The aim of the presented protocol was to elaborate a surgical model for cannulation of femoral vein in rat. Temporary cannulae such as butterfly needles can be used in short-term procedures, whereas long-term monitoring required surgical implantation of a biocompatible cannula. The protocol allows direct venous access, continuous monitoring and evaluation of the tested compounds in experimental pharmacology and toxicology – the tested compounds reach the systemic circulation immediately and the dose can be accurately titrated against response. The protocol can be applied as an alternative for venous access in experimental clinical settings.

The objective of this study was designed to evaluate the possibility of repairing tracheal cartilage defect in dogs. 18 local breed dogs of both sexes was used in this study, they are allocated into 2 equal groups. A tracheal defect was induced in the cervical part of the trachea as a window about 3cm x 2cm in diameter. The defect was closed in 1st group by using polypropylene mesh and bone cement substance, while in 2nd group polypropylene mesh with fresh auto- bone marrow. Post-operative study including, clinical observation, gross pathology and histopathological evaluation was performed in all animals. The most important postoperative clinical observation was represented by subcutaneous emphysema at the site of operation in the 2nd group animals, which gradually disappeared within few days. Otherwise no other important complications was reported in both groups during the period of the experiment. The gross pathological changes and biopsy collection for all animals was done at 15, 30, 60 postoperative days. The gross examination revealed complete closing of the induced tracheal defect in all operated animals and a mild adhesion with the surrounding tissues. In both groups, the histopathological features was represented by newly granulation tissue formation and areas of hyaline cartilage degeneration and necrosis. The cartilage regeneration was showed only in 2nd group through by formation of new cartilage cells. In conclusion, it can use both techniques for reconstruction of tracheal defect in dogs but the auto bone marrow group was regarded the best due to improvement of the healing process. .

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of tramadol (TM) (2 mg/kg) administered intramuscularly (IM) followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) of TM (2 mg/kg/h) in pigs. Sixteen pigs undergoing experimental surgery were premedicated IM with a combination of alfaxalone (5 mg/kg) and midazolam (0.5 mg/kg). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg) intravenously (IV) and maintained with isoflurane. Pigs were randomly assigned to one of the two following groups: Group 1 (n=8): received a loading dose of TM (2 mg/kg) followed by a CRI of TM (2 mg/kg/h); Group 2 (n=8): a loading dose of TM (2 mg/kg) followed by a CRI of lactated Ringer's solution (2 ml/kg/h). Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO2), fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2), end-tidal concentration of isoflurane (FEISO), end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration (FECO2), pH, arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and bicarbonate concentration (HCO3-) were recorded immediately after loss of righting reflex (T=0 min) and at 15-min intervals over a period of 60 min. Continuous data were analysed using a repeated- -measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a p-value ⟨0.05 was considered significant. HR, RR and FEISO were significantly lower (p⟨0.05) in Group 1 at T30 and T45, which corresponded to the time of the most intense surgical stimulation. The results suggest that the TM infusion minimizes the HR and RR response, slightly reducing isoflurane requirements and determining a superior perioperative analgesia.

To date, pediatric hand transplantations have only been performed twice. The ethical issue most often discussed in the literature on this surgery concerns the risks of immunosuppression. While these risks are significant, they can be at least partially mitigated by selecting for patients who are already immunocompromised. Nevertheless, as we will argue, pediatric hand transplantation raises ethical issues that go beyond the risks of immunosuppression. In this paper, we focus on three additional ethical issues: the fact that pediatric hand transplantation aims to improve, rather than save life; the fact that it is an experimental surgery; and the fact that it will be performed on non-autonomous patients whose 'right to an open future' may potentially be undermined by the surgery. Taken together, we think that these considerations suggest that transplantation should be postponed until a child is mature enough to make their own decision about it.

Purpose: To modify a surgical catheterization method using the bent needle introducer in small animals. Methods: Eight-week-old male Lewis rats were used in the study. A needle introducer was created by bending a 21G injection needle at 45°. The bent needle introducer was used for catheter insertion into the left femoral artery of the rats under anesthesia. As a control, a catheter was directly inserted into the blood vessel without the introducer. The insertion time of each method was measured. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured 24 h after catheter insertion using the telemetry system. Results: Using the introducer, the catheter was successfully inserted within a short time in all rats. Without the introducer, a longer duration was required for catheter insertion. The frequency of the insertion with no catheter-based errors with the introducer tended to be higher than that without the introducer. The mean arterial pressure and heart rate 24 h after catheter insertion in each group were almost the same. Conclusions: We developed a surgical catheterization method using the introducer in small animals. This could potentially reduce the frequency of the insertion with catheter-based errors and insertion time.

The surgical units for animal research are complex facilities for planning and designing. That is why in order to deal with a project of this type it is advisable to visit or gather the information that is available about similar units already built in order to analyze the different conceptual models and workflows that could serve as a reference. In this work, we studied the schematic floor plans, the organizational model, conceptual design and construction features of the experimental surgical unit of five Institutes of Health Research accredited by the Carlos III Health Institute are studied. Based on the sharing of the results obtained from the analysis of several units, it is intended to establish behavioral guidelines or protocols that may be useful to the professionals responsible for the design, construction and operation of new experimental operating rooms., Las unidades de cirugía para experimentación animal son instalaciones complejas de planificar y diseñar. Es por ello que para afrontar un proyecto de este tipo resulta recomendable visitar o recopilar la información que se encuentra disponible sobre unidades similares ya construidas, para así poder analizar los diferentes modelos conceptuales y los flujos de trabajo que puedan servir de referencia. En este trabajo, a través de expresiones gráficas, se estudia el modelo organizativo, diseño conceptual y características constructivas de las unidades quirúrgicas experimentales de cinco Institutos de Investigación Sanitaria Acreditados por el Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A partir de la puesta en común de los resultados obtenidos del análisis de varios centros se pretende establecer unas pautas de comportamiento o protocolos que puedan ser de utilidad a los profesionales responsables del diseño, construcción y puesta en funcionamiento de nuevos quirófanos experimentales.

We developed a novel dividing device that can split needle biopsy tissues along longitude axis aiming to achieve definitive molecular-biological and genetical analysis with reference of pathological diagnosis of the side-by-side divided tissue as spatially matched information. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and potential usefulness of the novel dividing device to provide the appropriate materials for molecular diagnosis. The new device was examined using mouse xenograft tumors. Real-time quantitative PCR and genetic test were performed to evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of the device. All the samples from needle biopsy were successfully divided into two pieces. Quality and quantity from divided samples harbor high enough to perform gene expression analysis (real-time PCR) and genetic test. Using two divided samples obtained from xenograft tumor model by needle biopsy, the % length of xenograft tumor (human origin) was significantly correlated with the % human genomic DNA (p = 0.00000608, r = 0.987), indicating that these divided samples were spatially matched. The novel longitudinally dividing device of a needle biopsy tissue was useful to provide the appropriate materials for molecular-biological and genetical analysis with reference of pathological diagnosis as spatially matched information.

Purpose To determine the nephroprotective effect of NAC and Montelukast Sodium administration against the development of renal damage associated with long warm renal ischemia. Methods Twenty-seven rats were randomly divided into 3 study groups, which received NAC, montelukast and placebo, and 3 rats were included in the sham-treated control group. Medications were given 3 days before the procedure. DMSA renal scintigraphy was performed before and after surgery. The right renal pedicle was occluded for 45 min to induce ischemia and then subjected to reperfusion for 6 h (I/R groups). Results On pathological examination, the mean pathological scores of the montelukast and NAC groups were significantly lower than those of the placebo group. (p

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:34:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:04:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-86502020000900202.pdf: 1132612 bytes, checksum: e35bd5fd1ea65e105cb01db76926bc17 (MD5) Purpose: To investigate the role of omeprazole and nitrites on the gastric mucosa of rats submitted to specific techniques to induce duodenogastric reflux. Methods: One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Group I (n=40) – gastrotomy; Group II (n=40) – duodenogastric reflux after gastrojejunoanastomosis latero-lateral (DGR); Group III (n=40) – retrograde duodenogastric reflux through the pylorus (DGR-P). The groups were divided into 4 subgroups of 10 animals, respectively treated for 16 weeks with water, omeprazole 1.6 mg / rat / day, nitrite 600 mg / kg / day and omeprazole plus nitrite simultaneously. Results: The proliferative lesions found were: squamous hyperplasia – 69.1%, adenomatous hyperplasia in the anastomosis – 29.1% and prepyloric adenomatous hyperplasia – 42.5%. Adenocarcinomas were registered in 7 animals (5.8%): one in Group I (omeprazole plus nitrite), two in Group II (omeprazole and nitrite plus omeprazole) and four in Group III (water, nitrite, omeprazole and omeprazole plus nitrite). Conclusions: The occurrence of squamous hyperplasia, adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma increased after gastrojejunal anastomoses, which cause duodenogastric reflux. The association of omeprazole did not protect the development of proliferative lesions and cancer induced by duodenogastric reflux in rats. School of Medicine Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí (UNIVÁS) Department of Pathology Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Experimental Surgery Laboratory School of Medical Sciences Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) Centro Universitário de Faculdades de Ensino Associadas (UNIFAE) Digestive Diseases Surgical Unit and Gastrocentro School of Medical Sciences UNICAMP Department of Pathology Medical School Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)

Purpose To evaluate different concentrations of ciprofloxacin to prevent infection after open fracture contaminated with S. aureus in rats using absorbable local delivery system. Methods Fifty-two Wistar rats were assigned to six groups. After 4 weeks, all animals underwent 99mTc-ceftizoxima scintigraphy evaluation, callus formation measurement and histological analysis. ANOVA, t-Student and Kruskal Wallis were used for quantitative variables statistical analysis, whereas qui square and exact Fisher were used for qualitative variables. Results Treatment using 25% and 50% of ciprofloxacin incorporated at the fracture fixation device were effective in preventing bone infection compared to control group (p0.05). Histological findings demonstrated bone-healing delay with 50% of ciprofloxacin. No difference in callus formation were observed (p>0.05). Conclusion Local delivery treatment for contaminated open fracture using chitosan with ciprofloxacin is effective above 25%.

Purpose: To evaluate protective effects of dexmedetomidine, calcitriol and their combination. Methods: Forty Wistar-albino rats were divided into 4 groups; group of Sham (Group Sham); group of dexmedetomidine (Group DEX); group of calcitriol (Group CAL) and group of dexmedetomidineandcalcitriol (Group DEX-CAL). Photographic analysis was used for macroscopic analysis and perfusion analyses were evaluated by scintigraphy. Additionally, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant activity (TAS) were recorded and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Each flap was assessed by histopathology. Results: Compared to Group Sham, the viable flap areas were higher in all treatment groups both by photographic image analyses and perfusion analyses (p

Purpose: To investigate the effect of probiotics on spontaneous contractions of smooth muscle isolated from jejunum and ileum of rat model. Methods: Four rat groups were created (n=8, in each) including control (Group 1), control+probiotic (Group 2), short bowel (Group 3), and short bowel+probiotic (Group 4). Groups 1 and 2 underwent sham operation, Groups 3 and 4 underwent massive bowel resection. Bifidobacterium Lactis was administered in Groups 2 and 4 daily (P.O.) for three weeks. On postoperative week 3, rats were sacrificed, and jejunum and ileum smooth muscle were isolated for organ bath. Muscle contraction changes were analyzed before and after addition of antagonists. Results: Short bowel group exhibited increased amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions. The addition of probiotics significantly decreased enhanced amplitude and frequency of bowel contraction in short bowel group and returned to control values. L-NNA increased amplitude and frequency of contractions in all groups. While indomethacin and nimesulide increased the amplitude in all groups, the frequency was only increased in jejunum. Hexamethonium and tetrodotoxin did not change the contraction characteristics in all groups. Conclusion: We suggest that early use of probiotics may significantly regulate bowel motility, and accordingly improve absorption of nutrients in short bowel syndrome. WOS:000566687400004 2-s2.0-85090665601 PubMed: 32901681

Simple Summary Ischemic heart disease is one of the leading causes of death. A series of processes occur during acute myocardial infarction that contribute to the development of ventricular dysfunction, with subsequent heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias, which account for most episodes of sudden cardiac death in these patients. These complications are associated with the adverse cardiac remodeling that occurs during the healing process following an acute episode. The remodeling causes the appearance of a substrate that can trigger life-threatening arrhythmias, such as tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation. The development of experimental models for analyzing the basic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction enables the study of different therapeutic approaches aimed at improving the patient´s prognosis. The present study describes the methodology and the results obtained in a 5-week chronic infarction (one hour followed by reperfusion) in a rabbit model. The viability of the model, the care provided, the characteristics and extent of the lesions, the inducibility of arrhythmias, and the reproducibility of the methods and results have been analyzed. Abstract A chronic model of acute myocardial infarction was developed to study the mechanisms involved in adverse postinfarction ventricular remodeling. In an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the left circumflex coronary artery of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 9) was occluded by ligature for 1 h, followed by reperfusion. A specific care protocol was applied before, during, and after the intervention, and the results were compared with those of a sham operated group (n = 7). After 5 weeks, programmed stimulation and high-resolution mapping were performed on isolated and perfused hearts using the Langendorff technique. The infarct size determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride inside of the area at risk (thioflavin-S) was then determined. The area at risk was similar in both groups (54.33% (experimental infarct group) vs. 58.59% (sham group), ns). The infarct size was 73.16% as a percentage of the risk area. The experimental infarct group had a higher inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias (100% vs. 43% in the sham group, p = 0.009). A reproducible chronic experimental model of myocardial infarction is presented in which the extent and characteristics of the lesions enable the study of the vulnerability to develop ventricular arrhythmias because of the remodeling process that occurs during cardiac tissue repair.

Purpose To evaluate the effects of treatment with Indigo Carmine (IC) on rat livers subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods The animals were subdivided into 4 groups: 1.SHAM group(SH) - saline; 2.SHAM group with IC-2mg/Kg(SHIC); 3.IR group - rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion with saline(IR); 4.IR group with IC-2mg/Kg(IRIC). The IR protocol consists of liver exposure and administration of drug or saline intravenously, followed by 60 minutes of ischemia and 15 of reperfusion. Liver samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Results State 3 of mitochondrial respiration showed a significant worsening of the IRIC group in relation to all others. State 4 showed a difference between IRIC and SHIC. The Respiratory Control Ratio showed statistical decrease in IR and IRIC versus Sham. The osmotic swelling showed significant difference between SHxIR; SHICxIRIC and SHxIRIC. There was a significant increase in ALT in the IRIC group in relation to all the others. Concerning the nitrate dosage, there was a decrease in the group treated with IC(IRxIRIC). There was no difference regarding the dosage of Malondialdehyde. Conclusion IC was not able to protect mitochondria from IR injury and proved to be a potentiating agent, acting in synergy with the IR injury promoting damage to the hepatocyte membranes.

The liver is a multifunctional organ; due to its functional and structural complexity, there are many factors that may lead it to function inadequately, a state called liver failure. Transplantation is the only appropriate therapy for patients in cases of liver failure. However, there are many limitations to this treatment, and the scientific community has considered methods based on pigs because of their unique structural and cellular compatibility with humans. In this review, we conducted an anatomic comparative study of the liver's parenchyma and vascular network between humans and pigs to extract useful information for xenotransplantation and autologous cell or organ generation in pigs. We reviewed articles from 2007 to 2019 and used the databases of Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar. We concluded that, despite the difference concerning the shape of the human and pig livers, the number of segments and the bile and vascular system are similar, making the pig liver useful in experimental surgery for xenotransplantation.

Purpose Studies have demonstrated that star fruit consumption by nephropathic patients triggers severe neurotoxic effects that can lead to convulsions or even death. Brain areas likely susceptible to star fruit poisoning have not been investigated. The objective of the present study was to map possible epileptogenic areas susceptible to star fruit intoxication in nephropathic rats. Methods The study analyzed 25 rats (5 groups). Rats in the experimental group underwent bilateral ureteral obstruction surgery and orogastric gavages with star fruit juice. An electroencephalogram was used to confirm convulsive seizures. Urea and creatinine levels were used to confirm the uremia model. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to map cells with c-Fos protein (c-Fos+ cells) to identify brain areas with increased neuronal activity. Control groups included non-nephropathic and nephropathic rats that did not receive star fruit. Results A statistically significant increase (p

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:19:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:07:31Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-86502020000700202.pdf: 1271415 bytes, checksum: c144bd441961978a16a10b65dc792425 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Purpose: To analyze the anesthetic drugs interference with wound healing when used in the surgical bed. Methods: Macro and microscopic aspects of healing of surgical wounds were evaluated after instillation of topical anesthetics without vasoconstrictor or saline solution 0.9% as control in the transsurgical period. Thirty dogs, males and females were divided into two experimental groups. In both groups, two circular punch lesions of 6 mm diameter were performed in the abdomen. In group 1, lidocaine was instilled in one of the lesions and saline solution in the contralateral lesion. In group 2 the procedure was repeated with the use of bupivacaine. The macroscopic assessment of the lesions was performed on the first, third and tenth postoperative day. The excisional biopsy was performed on the tenth day and the samples were submitted for histopathological examination. Results: The macroscopic analysis had a significant difference between groups. Microscopic analysis was not significant between groups. Conclusions: The topical application of lidocaine and bupivacaine in the surgical wound is feasible and it does not influence skin healing. The benefit of such a practice, which has been the subject of other studies, seems to outweigh the risks. Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV-UNESP) FCAV-UNESP União das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos (UNILAGO) Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV-UNESP) FCAV-UNESP FAPESP: 2015/24955-5

[spa] Cada año, miles de personas fallecen a causa de enfermedades hepáticas en estado terminal, siendo la falta de injertos hepáticos un problema sin resolver en la práctica clínica. Para tratar de resolver esta grave situación clínica y social, se está explorando la utilización de hígados de criterio extendido como son los donantes procedentes de pacientes fallecidos por asistolia o parada cardiaca. Desafortunadamente, la alta incidencia de disfunción hepática y complicaciones biliares causadas por la interrupción del suministro de sangre durante el tiempo de isquemia caliente de este tipo de donantes tras la declaración del fallecimiento por criterios cardiorrespiratorios dificulta la utilización de los injertos hepáticos para el trasplante. Adicionalmente, la mayoría de los injertos presentan cierto grado de esteatosis, debido a la alta prevalencia de obesidad presente en la población a nivel mundial. Desgraciadamente, la esteatosis hepática es uno de los factores de riesgo más graves ya que afectan negativamente los resultados postoperatorios, exacerbando la lesión inducida por isquemia/reperfusión y afectando negativamente la regeneración hepática. Investigaciones recientes en pacientes con cirrosis y otras enfermedades asociadas con inflamación intestinal, han establecido una implicación de estas patologías con alteraciones en moléculas intestinales como el FGF15/19, así como también se han mostrado resultados prometedores debido al tratamiento con GLP-1 en modelos experimentales en isquemia caliente, evidenciando la importancia de moléculas intestinales en el tratamiento de patologías hepáticas. Es así donde surge la presente tesis doctoral; de la necesidad de evaluar el efecto de la muerte por parada cardiocirculatoria en el donante sobre el eje intestinal-hepático y evaluar su posible implicación sobre la lesión y regeneración en modelos experimentales de trasplante hepático con injertos esteatóticos y no esteatóticos. En este contexto, investigaciones dirigidas a establecer los mecanismos fisiopatológicos implicados en trasplante hepático procedente de donantes con parada cardiaca (los cuales cada vez se utilizan más debido a la falta de injertos hepáticos para trasplantar) es de vital importancia para esclarecer las bases moleculares que agravan los resultados postrasplante y en consecuencia buscar dianas de posible acción terapéutica que al modularlas farmacológicamente permitan mejorar los resultados postoperatorios, la calidad de vida de los pacientes que han sido sometidos a trasplante procedentes de donantes con parada cardiaca, y en última instancia, reducir las listas de espera en el trasplante hepático.

Shutter cements have the role of reducing the interface between gutta percha and root canal walls by creating a compact, stable and waterproof fill. This three-dimensional filling of the root canal system is directly related to the physical chemical properties of the obturator cements, since the hardening time, flow, dimensional change and solubility are important characteristics of the cements, interfering in the complete sealing of root canal spaces and maintenance. from a previously conquered aseptic condition. The aim of this research was to analyze the physicochemical properties of zinc oxide and eugenol endodontic cements Endomethasone N, Endofill and Grosmann based on American Dental Association specification number 57. This is a laboratory research carried out in the experimental surgery laboratory of the Uninovafapi University Center. The tests were performed under ambient conditions of 23 ± 2 ° C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity, maintained 48 h before the procedures, repeating five times and obtaining an arithmetic mean. For the flow test, Endofill and Grosmann were above the established. For setting time, Endofill differed from that established by the manufacturer and other brands do not disclose the reference. Regarding solubility, Endomethasone was within standard and the other brands exceeded. The Endofill and Grosmann marks obtained acceptable dimensional change values. None of the cements fit the norms completely.

Purpose 5-flourourasil (5-FU) is commonly used for early intraperitoneal chemotherapy in colorectal or appendiceal cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Due to its effect, anastomosis healing can be impaired and leads to anastomotic leakage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential healing effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on colonic anastomosis impaired by intraperitoneal 5-flourouracil application. Methods After ten rats were sacrificed for preparing PRP, forty Wistar-albino rats were subjected to colonic anastomosis, and randomly allocated into four groups including 10 rats each. According to receiving PRP and/or 5-FU application, the groups were formed as control (C), 5-FU without PRP (CT), anastomosis with PRP (C-PRP), and 5-FU with PRP (CT-PRP). CT and CT-PRP groups also received 5-FU intraperitoneally on postoperative day 1 (POD 1). All animals were euthanized on pod 7. The body weight change, anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP), tissue hydroxiprolin (TH) and histopathological examination of each group were analyzed. Results 5-FU application significantly reduced ABP levels when compared with group C, C-PRP and CT-PRP (for each comparison, p

Purpose Changrui enema, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used as a supplementary treatment for acute radiation proctitis (ARP). Herein we explored the inhibition effects of Changrui enema on NF-κB and VEGF in ARP mice. Methods A total of 120 C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into normal mice group, ARP mice group, western medicine enema group (dexamethasone combined with gentamicin), and Changrui enema group. ARP mice were established by pelvic local irradiation. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1, AQP3, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK was determined by immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results The study firstly found that Changrui enema alleviated ARP mice. The expression of IL-1β, NF-κB, VEGF, AQP1 and p-ERK1/2 was increased in ARP mice, and was reserved by Changrui enema. However, the expression of AQP3 and p-JNK was decreased in ARP mice, and was up-regulated by Changrui enema. Conclusions Changrui enema is an effective treatment with fewer side effects for ARP. The mechanism of Changrui enema may be related to the inhibition of inflammation-induced angiogenesis. Changrui enema inhibits IL-1β and NF-κB expression as well as VEGF expression. Interestingly, AQP1 promotes angiogenesis, while AQP3 inhibits inflammation. Changrui enema probably inhibits AQP1 expression by down-regulating p-ERK1/2, and improves AQP3 expression by up-regulating p-JNK.

Purpose To compare Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate (FBP) to Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK) in liver preservation at cold ischemia. Methods Male rats (Sprague-Dawley: 280-340g) divided into three groups (n=7): Control; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP); Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate (HTK). Animals underwent laparotomy-thoracotomy for perfusion of livers with saline. Livers were removed and deposited into solutions. Mitochondria were isolated to determine State 3 (S3), State 4 (S4), Respiratory Control Ratio (RCR) and Swelling (S). Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, LDH) were determined in solution. At tissue, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitrate (NOx) were determined. All parameters were analyzed at 0.6 and 24 hours of hypothermic preservation. Statistics analysis were made by Mann-Whitney test (p

Purpose: Incisional hernia (IH) is a frequent complication of median laparotomy. The use of prophylactic mesh to reduce IH incidence has gained increasing attention. We hypothesized that in an animal model, linea alba prophylactic reinforcement with a three-dimensional T-shaped polypropylene mesh results in greater abdominal wall resistance. Methods: Study was performed in 27 rabbits. After abdominal midline incision, animals were divided into three groups according to the laparotomy closure method used: (1)3D T-shaped coated mesh; (2)3D T-shaped uncoated mesh; and (3) closure without mesh. After 4 months, each animal’s abdominal wall was resected and tensiometric tests were applied. Results included IH occurrence, adhesions to the mesh, and wound complications. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in maximum tensile strength (p=0.250) or abdominal wall elongation under maximum stress (p=0.839). One rabbit from the control group developed IH (p=1.00). Small intestine and colon adhesions occurred only in the uncoated mesh group (p

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of Periplaneta americana extract promoting intestinal mucosal repair of OXZ-induced colitis in rat. Methods: All experiments used an equal number of male and female SD rats (n=48). We injected OXZ into the colon to induce UC rat model. To determine the optimal concentration of P. Americana's extract (PA-40), it was classified into low (L), medium (M), and high (H) doses. After OXZ treatment, each drug was administered by enema for 7 consecutive days. Rats were divided into the following 6 groups: (1) Saline treatment group (NC), (2) OXZ treatment UC model group (MC), (3) OXZ + budesonide group (BUN), (4) OXZ + PA-40 L group, (5) OXZ + PA-40 M group, (6) OXZ + PA-40 H group. Disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length, histopathological score, serum cytokine level (IL-4, IL-10, iNOS, tNOS), and amount of MPO, EGF, IL-13 in colonic mucosa were measured. Results: PA treatment had a significant healing effect on the OXZ-colitis model and significantly reduced the lesioned area, especially in the PA-40H groups. PA treatment did not alter the expression of IL-10 and MPO level, but increased EGF (epidermal growth factor) and decrease IL-13 in the colonic tissue. PA inhibited the rise of NOSs (nitric oxide synthase) and decreased the serum IL-4 level. Conclusions: The data suggest that Periplaneta americana extract may be a potential compound for the treatment of colonic lesions. The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the secretion of IL-13 and promoting the formation of EGF.