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Background Uterine arteriovenous malformation is a rare but life-threatening condition that accounts for 1–2% of massive vaginal bleeding. Uterine arteriovenous malformations are less common after menopause. The condition can be diagnosed using Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and pelvic angiography. Case presentation We report a postmenopausal patient with a uterine arteriovenous malformation who underwent emergency hysterectomy for sudden onset of life-threatening uterine bleeding following an initially successful but ultimately failed uterine artery embolization. Interestingly, it was not difficult to ligate and cut the dilated vessels and we were able to safely perform the hysterectomy with little bleeding in the operative field. The hysterectomy was successful, with most of the intraoperative vaginal blood loss due to the ruptured arteriovenous malformation. One year after surgery, the patient has had no vaginal bleeding. Conclusion We consider hysterectomy to be a comparatively safe and effective therapeutic option for postmenopausal women who suffered from uterine arteriovenous malformations with life-threatening uterine bleeding.

Objectives Nerve-sparing techniques to avoid bladder dysfunction in abdominal radical hysterectomy have been established during the past two decades, and they have been applied to radical trachelectomy. Although trachelectomy retains the uterine corpus, no report mentions the preservation of uterine branches of pelvic nerves. The aim of the present study was to introduce and discuss our unique concept for preserving them. Study design and results Four cases with FIGO stage Ia2-Ib1 cervical cancer, in which preservation of uterine branches of the pelvic nerves was attempted, are presented. Operative procedures basically followed the previously reported standard approaches for nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy or trachelectomy, except for some points. Before resection of the sacrouterine ligament, the hypogastric nerve was first identified and translocated laterally. Subsequently, the uterine branches of the pelvic nerve were identified as a continuation of the hypogastric nerve and could be scooped with forceps by detachment of the surrounding connective tissues. Further detachment toward the uterine corpus enabled them to be completely separated from the cervix. This separation was extended up to the level of the junction of the upper and lower branches of the uterine artery. Thereafter, standard resection of the parametrium and paracolpium was performed, followed by cervical resection when it was confirmed that the isolated uterine branches of the pelvic nerves were safely translocated and preserved. There were no recurrences of cancer in these patients. Conclusions Uterine branches of autonomic nerves can be safely preserved, and the procedure may be considered one of the nerve-sparing techniques for radical abdominal trachelectomy, which may hopefully improve the reproductive outcomes of this operation, although it needs to be evaluated with more patients.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient, and its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neuronal degeneration. However, the precise roles and molecular mechanism(s) of Zn function in immune response have not been clarified. Mast cells (MCs) are granulated cells that play a pivotal role in allergic reactions and inflammation. The granules of MCs contain various chemical mediators and inflammatory cytokines that are released upon FcεRI cross-linking. In this study, we report that Zn is essential for MC activation both in vitro and in vivo. We showed that a Zn chelator, N,N,N,N-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine, inhibited in vivo allergic reactions such as PCA and PSA. Consistent with this, N,N,N,N-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine significantly inhibited the FcεRI-induced degranulation and cytokine production. We found that Zn was required for FcεRI-induced translocation of granules to the plasma membrane, a process that we have shown to be important for MC degranulation. In addition, we showed that Zn was essential for plasma membrane translocation of protein kinase C and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB, leading to cytokine production, such as IL-6 and TNF-α. These results revealed that Zn was involved in multiple steps of FcεRI-induced MC activation and required for degranulation and cytokine production.

Germany enabled public long-term care insurance (LTCI), a social insurance system, in 1995. This study focuses on the LTCI program in Germany, analyzes progress of LTCI in view of economic indicators in the inland 16 states (“Lander” in Germany), categorizes 16 states, and describes problems concerning the LTCI program. Statistical analysis was conducted using 24 variables of LTCI and the economic index. The 16 states were categorized in five clusters. The results revealed gaps in adoption rates of LTCI care services among 16 states, suggesting that each of the states developed its own service system of LTCI dependent on regional variables such as economic power and size of population. All former East German states tended to have lower economic resources of care. States with many requests for cash benefits tended to offer lower amounts of care services. The characteristics of these 16 states provide useful information for developing LTCI policies in Germany and offer an informative guide to other countries.

症例は73歳, 男性。初診は平成14年8月22日。昭和63年 (60歳時) 右上背部の結節に気付いた。徐々に増大したため近医で切除した。平成3年3月同部位に再発し旭川医大皮膚科を受診, 病理組織学的に平滑筋肉腫と診断され拡大切除, 放射線療法および化学療法を受けた。その後再発, 転移はなかったが, 平成14年3月に左肘の結節に気付き, 徐々に増大したため当科を受診した。病理組織学的には腫瘍細胞は紡錘形で索状に増殖しており, 核は細長く両端が鈍のいわゆるeel likeを呈しており, bizarreな巨細胞も認めた。免疫組織化学的所見でα smooth muscle actin, vimentinが陽性で, 前回切除した背部の組織像とほぼ同様であったことから平滑筋肉腫の皮膚転移と考え, 切除した。化学療法などの治療の希望なくその後経過観察しているが, 術後1年10ヵ月再発, 転移はない。

In order to investigate the reliability and validity of the short version of the 30-item Organizational Climate Scale (OCS-30; Toshima and Matsuda, 1992, 1995), a self-administered questionnaire was conducted in a sample of 819 employees of two medium-sized private companies in Japan by using the OCS-30, the Generic Job Stress Questionnaire (GJSQ), and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The OCS has two subscales, i.e., the Tradition Scale (TS) and the Organizational Environment Scale (OES). The organizational climate perceived by each worker can be grouped into four categories based on the subscale scores: low TS and high OES (Active), high TS and high OES (Governed), low TS and low OES (Disorganized), and high TS and low OES (Reluctant). Principal component analysis for the OCS-30 was submitted (varimax rotation, the number of factors = 2), and 6 items for each factor, with factor loadings greater than 0.50, were selected for the short version, which constituted the 12-item Organizational Climate Scale (OCS-12). Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of the two subscales of the OCS-12 were acceptable; 0.63 for the TS and 0.71 for the OES. Both two subscales of the OCS-12 were significantly correlated with the GHQ-12 and many subscales of the GJSQ, which indicated the good constructive validity of the OCS-12. Among 4 types of organizational climate categorized by the OCS-12, the "Active" group showed the lowest job stress scores. It is suggested that the OCS-12 could be a reliable and valid instrument for assessing workers' perception of workplace climate.

Carrier detection for 12 women and prenatal diagnosis for six fetuses in Japanese families with a patient with Menkes disease (MNK) were performed by gene analysis and/or measurement of the copper concentration in cultured cells. Six out of eight mothers of MNK patients were carriers while two (25%) were not carriers. Two unrelated patients showed the same mutation (R986X): one patient's mother was a carrier while the other was not. One male and three female fetuses did not have the same mutant allele as the respective MNK proband and have been healthy since birth. One female fetus had the same mutant allele as her affected brother. Gene analysis is very useful and reliable, although such examination is only indicated in families in which a mutation has been identified. In one family in which a mutation in ATP7A was not found, cultured amniocytes from a male fetus had a high copper concentration. Thus after his birth, the biochemical findings confirmed the presence of MNK and early treatment was started. As his early treatment with parenteral copper-histidine prevented the neurological disorders effectively, prenatal diagnosis is very important.

Conventional microwave endometrial ablation (MEA) can be insufficient to control menorrhagia resulting from adenomyosis. We compared the standard single ablation technique with multiple MEA - repeating ablation three times in the same region - in patients with adenomyosis and menorrhagia.We performed single MEA in 18 patients and multiple MEA in seven patients between 2007 and 2013. We compared the efficacy of single and multiple MEA using a visual analog scale (VAS) for menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and patient satisfaction. We also evaluated the incidence of menorrhagia recurrence, amenorrhea, and procedure complications in relation to patients' clinical factors.VAS scores for improved menorrhagia and patient satisfaction were significantly higher in the multiple MEA group than in the single MEA group; however, the operative time was longer in the multiple-treatment group. There were no statistical differences between groups in hemoglobin levels, VAS improvement for dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia recurrence, frequency of complications, or amenorrhea rate.Multiple MEA successfully controls menorrhagia from adenomyosis and achieves a higher satisfaction rate than single MEA.

Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas (MPMs) are rare and progressive tumors, which may present similarly to primary peritoneal carcinoma or ovarian carcinoma (OC). The current study reports two cases of MPM that initially presented with the features of OC, for which paired box 8 (PAX8) immunostaining was found to be useful for diagnosis. The two patients were women, aged 58 and 56 years, respectively. The primary presenting symptoms and clinical findings included prolonged abdominal pain, abdominal swelling and cough. The two cases were initially diagnosed as OC and were treated with primary debulking surgery. The patient in case 1 had no history of asbestos exposure, while the patient in case 2 did. Final diagnoses were determined based on histological and immunohistochemical results, which included negative PAX8 immunostaining, and which were consistent with MPM. The present cases demonstrated that PAX8 negativity may be a useful diagnostic biomarker for differentiating MPM from OC.

The genome of the human intestinal parasite Entamoeba histolytica contains nearly 3000 introns and bioinformatic predictions indicate that major and minor spliceosomes occur in Entamoeba. However, except for the U2-, U4-, U5- and U6 snRNAs, no other splicing factor has been cloned and characterized. Here, we HA-tagged cloned the snRNP component U1A and assessed its expression and nuclear localization. Because the snRNP-free U1A form interacts with polyadenylate-binding protein, HA-U1A immunoprecipitates could identify early and late splicing complexes. Avoiding Entamoeba's endonucleases and ensuring the precipitation of RNA-binding proteins, parasite cultures were UV cross-linked prior to nuclear fraction immunoprecipitations with HA antibodies, and precipitates were subjected to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses. To discriminate their nuclear roles (chromatin-, co-transcriptional-, splicing-related), MS/MS analyses were carried out with proteins eluted with MS2–GST–sepharose from nuclear extracts of an MS2 aptamer-tagged Rabx13 intron amoeba transformant. Thus, we probed thirty-six Entamoeba proteins corresponding to 32 cognate splicing-specific factors, including 13 DExH/D helicases required for all stages of splicing, and 12 different splicing-related helicases were identified also. Furthermore 50 additional proteins, possibly involved in co-transcriptional processes were identified, revealing the complexity of co-transcriptional splicing in Entamoeba. Some of these later factors were not previously found in splicing complex analyses. Biological significance Numerous facts about the splicing of the nearly 3000 introns of the Entamoeba genome have not been unraveled, particularly the splicing factors and their activities. Considering that many of such introns are located in metabolic genes, the knowledge of the splicing cues has the potential to be used to attack or control the parasite. We have found numerous new splicing-related factors which could have therapeutic benefit. We also detected all the DExH/A RNA helicases involved in splicing and splicing proofreading control. Still, Entamoeba is very inefficient in splicing fidelity, thus we may have found a possible model system to study these processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteomics, mass spectrometry and peptidomics, Cancun 2013. Guest Editors: Cesar Lopez-Camarillo, Victoria Pando-Robles and Bronwyn Jane Barkla.

The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii acclimates to low-CO2 (LC) conditions by actively transporting inorganic carbon (Ci) into the cell, resulting in an increase in photosynthetic efficiency. This mechanism is called the carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM), and soluble protein LCIB is essential for the CCM. LCIB is localized in the vicinity of pyrenoid, a prominent structure in the chloroplast, under LC conditions in the light. In contrast, in the dark or in high-CO2 conditions, where the CCM is inactive, LCIB diffuses away from the pyrenoid. Although the functional importance of LCIB for the CCM has been shown, the significance and mechanism of the change in suborganellar localization of LCIB remain to be elucidated. In this study, we screened 13, 000 DNA-tagged mutants and isolated twelve aberrant LCIB localization (abl) mutants under LC conditions. abl-1 and abl-3 with dispersed and speckled localization of LCIB in the chloroplast showed significant decreases in Ci affinity, Ci accumulation, and CO2 fixation. Ten abl mutants (abl-1, abl-3, abl-4, abl-5, abl-6, abl-7, abl-8, abl-9, abl-11, and abl-12) showed not only aberrant LCIB localization but also reduced pyrenoid sizes. Moreover, three abl mutants (abl-10, abl-11, and abl-12) showed the increased numbers of pyrenoids per cell. These results suggested that the specific LCIB localization could be related to pyrenoid development.

This report presents the case of a patient with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide resistant exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which was definitely resolved in accordance with increased levels of serum conjugated bilirubin due to biliary tract obstruction. Histological examination of the lung showed an accumulation of bile pigments in the alveolar mural tissues, especially in the cytoplasm of the alveolar macrophages, which play crucial roles in the development of IPF. This case suggests that bile pigments have some important roles in tissue protection against inflammatory damage in IPF, and may illustrate an important key for treatment of this fatal disorder.

効率的な大腸癌肝転移の術前検査の確立を目的に, 進行大腸癌症例354例 (内, 肝転移例63例) を対象にして, CTとUSの感度や正診率, 肝転移発見の効率や費用を検討した. 肝転移の判定は術後5年の観察で判明したもので行った. 肝転移検出のsensitivity, specificity, accuracyは, CTで65%, 94%, 89%, USで57%, 97%, 91%と, 両者に有意差はなかった. また, CTとUSが共に施行された例では65%, 93%, 88%と, 単独検査に比べて双方を行うことによる診断能の有意な向上はなかった.肝転移例における肝内進展状況の診断能は十分ではなかった. 肝転移例1例発見に要した費用は単純CTで6,298点, 造影CTで20,169点, USで5,773点と, USが安価だった. 大腸癌肝転移の診断能は, CTとUSでほぼ同等であり相補する点も少ないことから双方の検査を行う必要性はなく, cost-benefitの点からUSを選択すべきである.

Hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are usually found in rainwater with higher concentrations than the values determined from Henry's law partitioning. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that dissolved organic compounds, such as humic acids, act as cosolvents to solubilize the VOCs. Wet removal by rainfall is a significant sink of trace VOCs.

This study investigated the clinicopathological significance of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene amplification and its relationship to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), MutL homolog 1 (MLH1), p53, and AT rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) expression in endometrial carcinomas. ESR1 amplification and expression were assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Clinical data were collected by retrospective chart review. ESR1 amplification was identified in 13 out of 111 (11.7%) endometrial carcinomas. No significant association was observed between ESR1 amplification and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (p=0.17), histological grade (p=0.35), lymph node metastasis (p=0.51), or deep myometrial invasion (p=0.46). ESR1 amplification was independent of PTEN, p53, HER2, MLH1, and ARID1A protein expression. Patients without estrogen receptor (ER) or progesterone receptor (PR) expression had shorter progression-free and overall survival than those with ER or PR expression (p0.01). ESR1 amplification is independent of known clinicopathological factors related to poor prognosis and PTEN, p53, HER2, MLH1, and ARID1A protein expression, suggesting ESR1 amplification may be an early event in endometrial carcinoma development.

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in the world. Recent studies suggest that fallopian tubal secretory epithelial cells (FTSECs) are candidates for the origin of HGSOC. Several genetic alterations involved in the carcinogenesis have been reported in HGSOC, but their minimal requirement and the specific combinations remained unclear. To clarify these points, we established an in vitro stepwise carcinogenesis model using immortalized FTSECs with overexpressed cyclinD1/cdk4 and hTERT, in which we additionally mimicked selected genetic abnormalities frequently observed in clinical samples. Mutational analysis using clinical samples of HGSOCs identified frequent p53 mutations (96%). Furthermore, RAS/PI3K pathway is important signaling pathway and was deregulated in 45% of HGSOCs. PI3K/AKT pathway is also important pathway in HGSOCs. Thus, we introduced dominant negative form of p53 alone or in combination with oncogenic mutant KRAS allele into immortalized cells, but both failed to exhibit tumorigenic phenotypes. Additional introduction of genetic factors were attempted, and overexpression of c-Myc or phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were independently found to confer tumorigenic phenotypes. Importantly, all transformed FTSECs exhibited high-grade serous carcinomas that were grossly, histologically, and immunohistochemically similar to human HGSOCs. Thus, p53/KRAS/c-Myc or p53/KRAS/PI3K-AKT pathways were determined to be minimal required for carcinogenesis. The strength of our study is the use of immortalized FTSECs that have original characteristics of fallopian tube as well as the introduction of genetic mutations clinically observed in human HGSOCs. This experimental model provides a foundation for future studies of early events in carcinogenesis of HGSOCs and the identification of candidate targets for drug development and secreted biomarkers for early detection. It is also likely that a similar model can be broadly applied to studying the normal biology of other epithelial cells where precursor lesions and malignant counterparts are not entirely understood. Citation Format: Kohei Nakamura, Kentaro Nakayama, Tohru Kiyono, Noriyoshi Ishikawa, Masako Ishikawa, Hiroshi Katagiri, Toshiko Minamoto, Tomoka Ishibashi, Emi Sato, Kaori Sanuki, Hitomi Yamashita, Kouji Iida, Razia Sultana, Satoru Kyo. Establishment of in vitro carcinogenic model of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using immortalized fallopian tubal secretory epithelial cell. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5160.

Long-term treatment with minocycline is known to induce pigmentation or discoloration in tissues but how remains unclear. We investigated the mechanism of pigmentation using B16 melanoma cells. First, we confirmed that intracellular melanin levels increased on minocycline treatment. Then, using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we found the expression of mRNA of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, to also be significantly increased by treatment with minocycline at 5 µg/ml for 72 h. These results suggest that the minocycline-induced stimulation of melanogenesis occurs at the transcriptional level. Western-blotting revealed slight phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 30-60 min after the minocycline treatment. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitor U0126 and the p38 inhibitor SB203580 were used to examine the signaling pathway associated with the mRNA expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, or TRP-2 when B16 melanoma cells were treated with minocycline. The SB203580 inhibited the mRNA expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1, suggesting the minocycline-induced melanogensis occurred via a p38 signaling pathway.

Cre complementation is a process of reconstitution of the activity of DNA recombinase by noncovalent association of multiple segments of Cre recombinase, which are enzymatically inactive by themselves. Cre complementation is potentially useful in restriction of Cre activity in a specific subset of cells, with temporal regulation, by limiting overlap in expression of Cre fragments. We analyzed the efficiency of Cre complementation using three different dimerizing modules in the context of non-neuronal cells and found differential Cre complementation efficiency. We further tested the efficiency of Cre complementation in primary hippocampal neurons derived from transgenic mice harboring a reporter gene flanked by loxP sites and confirmed differential activity of dimerization modules in Cre-dependent recombination of the transgene. These results suggest possible application of dimerizer-based Cre complementation in inducible expression/inactivation of target genes in a specific subset of neurons in the complex environment of nervous tissue in vivo.

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) caused by Lecythophora mutabilis occasionally occurs in patients with impaired host immunity; such patients had eosinophilia at onset, and surviving patients were treated with fungal cell-membrane-targeted drugs. An 18-year-old man with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy accompanied with refractory anaemia and chronic renal failure developed septic shock caused by L. mutabilis, which was detected from a blood culture, and was identified morphologically and genetically. During the course of the infection, he had eosinophilia, although β-d-glucan levels were within the normal range. He was treated with micafungin, but deteriorated and died, despite his treatment being changed to liposomal amphotericin B. On the basis of this we suggest that IFI caused by L. mutabilis should be suspected when a compromised host develops infection and eosinophilia, and that antifungal drugs that target β-d-glucan are not advisable.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient, and its deficiency causes growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and neuronal degeneration. However, the precise roles and molecular mechanism(s) of Zn function in immune response have not been clarified. Mast cells (MCs) are granulated cells that play a pivotal role in allergic reactions and inflammation. The granules of MCs contain various chemical mediators and inflammatory cytokines that are released upon FcepsilonRI cross-linking. In this study, we report that Zn is essential for MC activation both in vitro and in vivo. We showed that a Zn chelator, N,N,N,N-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine, inhibited in vivo allergic reactions such as PCA and PSA. Consistent with this, N,N,N,N-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine significantly inhibited the FcepsilonRI-induced degranulation and cytokine production. We found that Zn was required for FcepsilonRI-induced translocation of granules to the plasma membrane, a process that we have shown to be important for MC degranulation. In addition, we showed that Zn was essential for plasma membrane translocation of protein kinase C and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, leading to cytokine production, such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha. These results revealed that Zn was involved in multiple steps of FcepsilonRI-induced MC activation and required for degranulation and cytokine production.

Purpose: We previously reported the usefulness of a qualified highly sensitive detection method for human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA in serum with 89.7% sensitivity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we developed a quantitative detection method for serum hTERT mRNA and examined the clinical significance in HCC diagnosis. Experimental Background: In 64 patients with HCC, 20 with liver cirrhosis, 20 with chronic hepatitis, and 50 healthy individuals, we measured serum hTERT mRNA by using the newly developed real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR with SYBR Green I. We examined its sensitivity and specificity in HCC diagnosis, clinical significance in comparison with other tumor markers, and its correlations with the clinical variables by using multivariate analyses. Results: Serum hTERT mRNA showed higher values in patients with HCC than those with chronic liver diseases. hTERT mRNA expression was shown to be independently correlated with clinical variables such as tumor size, number, and degree of differentiation (P < 0.001, each). The sensitivity/specificity of hTERT mRNA and alpha;-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA in HCC diagnosis were 88.2%/70.0% for hTERT and 71.6%/67.5% for AFP, respectively. hTERT mRNA proved to be superior to AFP mRNA, AFP, and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in HCC diagnosis. Furthermore, hTERT mRNA in serum was associated with that in HCC tissue. Conclusions: The usefulness of hTERT mRNA expression in HCC diagnosis and its superiority to conventional tumor markers were shown. Therefore, serum hTERT mRNA is a novel and available marker for HCC diagnosis.

Metabolites of collagen metabolism were analyzed in patients with Menkes' disease. The urinary deoxypyridinoline level was significantly low in the patients with Menkes' disease, indicating that it is a good marker of lysyl oxidase activity, which is related to the connective tissue abnormalities.

Polythioamides could effectively collect gold(III) and platinum(IV) from not only aqueous but also organic solutions. The collection of gold(III) from synthetic organic liquid waste was demonstrated.

Este artigo, desenvolvido a partir de dissertação de mestrado em Análise Geoambiental da Universidade Guarulhos, apresenta um estudo de urbanização em áreas de risco a escorregamentos dos loteamentos do Recreio São Jorge e Novo Recreio, localizados no município de Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brasil. O estudo adotou a microbacia Taquara do Reino como unidade de planejamento urbano e considerou a carta de zoneamento de risco e suscetibilidade a escorregamentos, assim como a cartografia de restrições legais ao uso do solo. O resultado obtido foi a elaboração de uma alternativa de urbanização como ensaio prático de aplicação dos critérios estudados, considerando a necessidade de melhorar-se as condições ambientais do uso do solo nessa microbacia. This article, developed at the Master´s Program in Geoenvironmental Analysis of the Guarulhos University, presents an urbanization study in areas under landslide risk at the Recreio São Jorge and Novo Recreio neighborhoods, in the city of Guarulhos, State of São Paulo, Brazil. This study adopted the Taquara do Reino watershed as an urban planning unit and considered the zoning map of landslide risk restrictions to land use. This study resulted in the elaboration of an urbanization alternative as a practical test for the studied criteria, considering the need to improve environmental conditions of land use in that watershed.