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The research seeks to find a relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and companies' performance. Studied variables were measured and analysed using a sample of companies listed on the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange (KASE). The study employed the regression model and least squares technique as the primary analytical tools. CSR is examined in conjunction with variables such as Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Market Value, and Net Profit Margin. As a result of the research, it was found that firm performance and CSR relate to each other in the studied companies. The research found a positive correlation between CSR practices and Net Profit Margin in Kazakh companies. While this study focused on a single country, its methodology can be applied to research in other emerging and developing nations. The primary contribution of this research is the examination of the relationship between firm performance and CSR practices in the post-Soviet emerging market of Kazakhstan.

We verify the moderating effect of managerial ambidexterity on the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of small manufacturing companies in Peru. This study used a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 506 small manufacturing firms. To determine the validity and reliability of the hypothesized model, we performed exploratory factor analysis using a rotated component matrix to group questions within their corresponding constructs. Next, we assessed convergent and discriminant validity using measures such as Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, and average variance extracted. Finally, we tested the model hypotheses using structural equation modelling. SPSS 27 and AMOS 24 were used for all the analyses. This study showed that managerial ambidexterity has a partial moderating effect on the relationship between intellectual capital and the financial performance of small manufacturing firms in Peru. Additionally, statistical analysis showed that managerial ambidexterity moderates the direct relationship between structural capital and relational capital with financial performance, while no moderating effect was observed for human capital. This research constitutes a pioneering study within developing economies, as investigating the moderating effect of managerial ambidexterity on the relationship between intellectual capital and the financial performance of small manufacturing companies in Peru provides valuable information that closes knowledge gaps within this field of study. Additionally, it offers valuable insights for the business sector to analyse the relationship between the hypothesized variables and make informed decisions regarding the benefits and sustainability of companies.

Corporate governance (CG) is a system by which firms are directed and controlled. Through its mechanisms, it ensures optimal levels of efficiency, exploits opportunities, and prevents conflicts of interest between directors, shareholders, and stakeholders. The studies do show a positive relationship between CG and performance, but they are conducted in developed countries with stable legal and economic environments. Thus, CG contributes to the value creation (VC) of the firms. But in family firms, the concentration of power resulting from the overlapping of its subsystems (family, business, and ownership) influences the functioning of CG, and probably, VC. Setting goals, monitoring results, or controlling performance can be some of its forms. But we do not know the influence in emerging countries.

This research paper aims to investigate the interdependent influences of barriers to implementing reverse logistics in the broad spectrum of processing activities in the conditions of an emerging economy. An effort was made to approach these barriers (i.e., organizational and management barriers, technical and technological barriers, and economic, financial, and market barriers) based on the relevant literature, predominant attitudes, and experts’ opinions, thus contributing to the body of knowledge in this domain. Determining the intensity of interdependent influences and the importance of barriers for implementing reverse logistics was performed to determine the most important (key) barriers that can be practically applied as guidelines for decision making. The Fuzzy DEMATEL method was used to determine the intensity of these influences on a sample of manufacturing companies in the Republic of Serbia. The results indicate that the most critical barriers to the successful implementation of reverse logistics are a lack of management support and cooperation with scientific institutions and professional associations to acquire knowledge and follow trends in the field.

Sustainability-oriented decision-making requires adequate information and dedicated information technology support. However, integrating economic, social and environmental information requires a new understanding of how data is collected and shared among stakeholders. Ensuring the quality of sustainable information will depend on capabilities to collect and analyze large-scale data. While the potential benefits of digital technologies and sustainability have been widely publicized in the cutting-edge literature, little is known about the analytical capabilities of big data and sustainable information. This study aims to examine the prominence of big data analytical capabilities for sustainable information quality in an emerging market, in this case, Brazil. A scalar-type questionnaire was used to collect primary data from Brazilian multinational companies. The results indicate that big data analytical capabilities are substantive for sustainable information quality. This study is original, fills a gap in the literature and makes significant contributions: (a) sheds light on the prominence of big data analytical capabilities for sustainable information quality (b) signals the relevance of intangible capabilities; (c) serves as a guide for managers in deciding on priority capabilities to improve the quality of sustainable information directed to stakeholders; (d) ex-tends existing studies on analytical capabilities of big data and sustainable information quality; (e) shows that big data analytical capabilities bring benefits to support sustainable information quality in emerging markets; and finally (f) this research contributes to the literature on sustainable information and digital trans-formation with emerging technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excess of data has led industries to develop their capabilities to exploit the value of data and gain competitive advantage. In this context, business analysis has become substantive for this purpose in several domains. Surprisingly, business analytics has been at the top of the corporate agenda. While the potential benefits of business analytics are widely highlighted in cutting-edge literature, little is known about the prominence of analytics capabilities for business resilience during and after the COVID 19 pandemic (new normal) in emerging markets. This study examines the relevance of business analytics capabilities to the resilience and economic performance of digitally-enabled and non-digitally enabled companies in an emerging economy. Using a questionnaire, primary data was collected from digitally enabled national and multinational companies in the Brazilian context. The results of this study suggest that analytical capabilities are substantive to the resilience of digitally enabled multinational companies, with an emphasis on tangible, human and operational capabilities. This study fills a gap in the literature and makes significant contributions: (i) it highlights the protagonism of business analytical capabilities in digitally enabled multinational companies, during and after the COVID 19 pandemic in an emerging economy; (ii) serves as a guide for managers when choosing capabilities; (iii) sheds light on non-digitally enabled national companies to achieve resilience in their businesses in times of crises such as the COVID 19 pandemic; and (iv) expands the literature on business analytical capabilities.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

XPLORED, THROUGH A THOROUGH SEARCH STRATEGY IN SCOPUS AND WEB OF SCIENCE WITH KEYWORDS LIKE "SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION," "RESPONSIBLE PRODUCTION," AND "SDG 12." AFTER DATA SCREENING, IT WILL SYNTHESIZED AND PRESENTED IN THIS RESEARCH PAPER. TO LAY THE GROUNDWORK FOR WISE POLICY CHOICES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, THIS RESEARCH PAPER SEEKS TO PROVIDE IMPORTANT INSIGHTS ON THE CONDITION OF RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION PRACTICES IN THE POWERFUL ASIAN ECONOMIES OF TODAY. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provision of integrated solutions is a relational process in which suppliers address buyers' unique requirements through the integration of physical goods, services and knowledge. Although the integrated solutions in the supply chain context require both parties' involvement to the process, the concept is not yet fully understood from the dual perspectives of buyers and suppliers. This study explores integrated solutions process in the supply chain context from a dyadic perspective, in an emerging economy setting. The chosen setting is particularly important, due to the possibility of market dynamics affecting the process of integrated solutions. We adopt a perspective of dyadic relationship between buyers and suppliers in supply chains and use multiple case study research design to analyse relations between leading manufacturing companies and their suppliers in the consumer durables industry. Findings reveal a need for a new viewpoint based on a cyclical solutions process. Findings also show suppliers' limited awareness on integrated solutions, despite their full involvement in the integrated solutions creation process. Thus, one of the critical findings is the integration solutions process starts with the need recognition of the buyer. We develop a framework detailing the capabilities and tools needed for each stage of the integrated solutions process. Additionally, we propose a new definition for integrated solutions in the supply chain context, from a dyadic perspective in an emerging economy setting. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the concept in the supply chain context reflecting a dyadic perspective of buyers and their multiple suppliers in an emerging economy context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to assess the non-linearities between the ESG activities and firm performance in case of an emerging market. China is identified as a case study for the present examination. Even though this research objective has been explored by past researcher, the evidence presented in literature is not conclusive. The paper hypothesizes that such conflicting or inconclusive results can potentially be attributed to wrong modeling, datasets that include both developing and the developed markets, and the prevalent endogeneity issue in corporate governance literature. For the purpose of this paper, the author uses the dynamic panel approach of First difference and the System Generalized Method of Moments. The findings from the analysis of 232 Chinese listed firm show a positive association between ESG activities and the firm performance. However, the relationship is nonlinear. In other words, the relationship between ESG activities and the firm performance is inverted U-shaped. This indicates the relationship is positive up to a certain threshold and once the ESG activities cross that threshold it start to have negative effect. The key insight from this research is that the firm has to find their threshold of ESG activities to gain maximum benefits from such activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies strive to achieve and sustain their financial and competitive positions in a dynamic resource‐constrained environment. The concept of resource bricolage has received little attention in the literature on emerging economies. To fill this gap, we draw perspectives from the resource‐based view to examine the impact of resource bricolage on the competitive advantage and financial performance of SMEs in Pakistan. We argue that organizational innovativeness functions as a mediator in the relationship between resource bricolage, financial performance, and competitive advantage, while entrepreneurial orientation simultaneously moderates the relationship between resource bricolage and organizational innovativeness. We collected data from 398 SMEs in Pakistan and analyzed these relationships using the partial least squares method. Our results suggest that resource bricolage effectively promotes the financial performance of SMEs and helps them gain a competitive advantage. The relationship is mediated by organizational innovativeness, which accelerates financial performance and competitive advantage. Entrepreneurial orientation moderates the resource bricolage–organizational innovativeness relationship, but it is only effective when a high level of resource bricolage is in place. Our study suggests that SMEs operating under similar socioeconomic environments must efficiently focus on resources embedded in the firm and utilize them to achieve competitive advantage and enhance financial performance. Our study highlights the critical need for research on organizational innovativeness in emerging contexts and proposes significant theoretical and managerial implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study incorporates the Knowledge-Based View (KBV) of the firm to examine knowledge management in the context of sustainable practices based on the case of a firm undertaking plastic waste neutralisation in Vietnam, one of the leading nations in plastic waste. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were conducted with all current members of the firm TONTOTON, and with a representative from its main business partner. The analysis underlined several key findings illustrated through 10 conceptual dimensions, with crucial relationships to the KBV. For instance, the "sustainability consciousness" dimension, depicted by participants' attitude towards sustainability-based principles, aligns with "the knowledge requirements of production" and underscores the importance of previous knowledge. Furthermore, the "excelling" dimension, which emphasises the intention to achieve constant knowledge management-related growth, relates to both "capacity for aggregation", and "specialisation in knowledge acquisition". Extending from the adopted inductive analysis, the study proposes a theoretical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines whether regulatory compliance with governance norms explains the profit efficiency of Indian banks. Using a data envelopment analysis approach, a compliance index is built on 48 governance norms defined on board, audit, risk, remuneration, shareholder relationship, and disclosures. The study also identifies the position of banks on a 2 × 2 matrix based on their governance and profit efficiency levels. The econometric analysis establishes that mere regulatory compliance with governance codes does not necessarily ensure higher profit efficiency. Instead, the panel quantile estimates uncover evidence of a positive externality to governance compliance for banks with low profit efficiency levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Summary: This study examines cross‐border bandwagons of foreign direct investment (FDI), a mass FDI entry process, into an emerging economy by following global investors from multiple home countries. Complementing the frequency mechanism, we introduce a cohesion mechanism that can also drive cross‐border bandwagons of FDI. Drawing on the notion of information voids, we submit that the two mechanisms are based on different origins of information, and their relative effects vary depending on the extent of information voids in the host country. Analyzing a firm‐level data set of Japanese firms' FDI entries into China between 1986 and 2000, we find a high level of information voids in the host country strengthens Japanese firms' cohesion‐based cross‐border bandwagons of FDI, while suppressing their frequency‐based cross‐border bandwagons of FDI. Managerial Summary: Cross‐border bandwagons of FDI into emerging economies have been a prominent phenomenon driving globalization in the past three decades. It is noteworthy that global investors from different countries contributed unequally to this process. This is because the information voids in an emerging economy create challenges for global investors to effectively source FDI bandwagon information from other countries, restricting the frequency mechanism in driving cross‐border bandwagons of FDI. In this article, we introduce a new cohesion mechanism in driving cross‐border bandwagons of FDI: an investor's international networks of FDIs. We then compare the relative effectiveness of the two mechanisms and find that the frequency mechanism weakens while the cohesion mechanism strengthens, when the level of information voids in a host country increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to institutional pressures faced by companies in their business environment, this paper investigates how sustainability certification adoption affects global suppliers' competences. Using multiple case studies, managers of 20 export‐oriented firms were interviewed, and secondary data were collected and analysed through inductive content analysis. Findings show normative and mimetic pressures as central for sustainability implementation by coffee suppliers. Additionally, we found that as a result of suppliers' sustainability improvement in their own operations, during the certification adoption, new competences emerged going beyond the triple bottom line dimensions, including improvements in aspects of institutional dimension of sustainability. In contrast to previous research in supply chain sustainability that emphasises coercive pressures, this paper demonstrates the role of normative and mimetic institutional pressures in developing new supplier competences. In doing so, we draw on the role of certification adoption in influencing global suppliers and hence sustainability throughout the supply chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the use and effectiveness of corporate sustainability practices (CSP) and the subsequent effect on a strategic outcome, competitive advantage. The new institutional sociology (NIS) theoretical framework was applied, informed by three different dimensions of institutional pressures (coercive, mimetic and normative). The study used a survey method and developed a seven‐dimensional model utilising the 52 principles provided by the OECD. It used a structural equation modelling in order to test the hypothesised associations between institutional pressures, CSP and competitive advantage to provide an institutional and contextualised perspectives from an emerging economy setting. The study found significant associations between the three types of institutional pressure with specific dimensions of CSP. The findings further revealed that specific CSP dimensions are diversely (positively and negatively) associated with competitive advantage. In line with the tenets of greenwashing, it highlighted the important role of institutional pressures from stakeholders (government, policy and customers) in implementing specific CSP. The findings inform managers, governments, foreign investors and other stakeholders in emerging economies about the influence of the institutional pressure in promoting the use of CSP and the effect of such practices on competitive advantage. From the context of an emerging economy, the study provides a unique empirical insight into the NIS perspective in promoting CSP and the subsequent impact on the strategic outcome, competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employee turnover causes significant cost to firms, both economically and otherwise. Knowing and understanding the reasons for employee turnover would help firms to reduce the same, and in the process, lessen costs significantly. This study aims to understand the role of various job stressors (i.e., role ambiguity, role conflict, work overload, work–family conflict) in predicting the turnover intention of workers in the spinning and weaving industry. We collected data from 311 workers, belonging to the spinning and weaving industries of the Kashan city in Iran. Then, we analyzed the data using both SPSS© and process macros. Our results suggest that there's indeed a positive and significant relationship between the job stressors vis-a-vis the workers' turnover intention. Overall, the findings do have strong potential for both theoretical and practical implications, especially in terms of developing people management interventions for reducing employee turnover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the influence of military directors in protecting shareholders' wealth through CEO compensation and corporate dividend payout policies. Based on manually collected data on corporate boards of non-financial companies operating in Pakistan, the results indicate a significant negative association between the presence of military directors on corporate boards and CEO compensation, thus supporting the notion that such directors are effective in monitoring and curtailing excessive rent seeking behaviour by the agents. In other words, presence of military directors on Pakistani corporate boards reduces agency costs and in turn enhances shareholders' wealth. Results also indicate significant positive relationship between presence of military directors on boards and dividend payout, hence signifying that such directors are effective in enhancing shareholders' wealth by reducing free cash flow opportunities that would otherwise be deployed by agents for their private benefits. We further found military directors with business education and wider networks to have significant positive association with dividend payout but not the case with CEO compensation. We control for board attributes, agent heterogeneity and firm-specific attributes in all our models. Overall, the benefits of military directors' inclusion on corporate boards in Pakistan have far broader strategic, economic and policy implications on the nation besides resolving the principal-agent problems in the boardroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The fourth industrial revolution, commonly recognized as Industry 4.0, has been ushered by modern and innovative intelligence and communication technologies. Concerns about disruptive technologies (DTs) are beginning to grow in developing countries, despite the fact that the trade-offs between implementation difficulties and realistic effects are still unknown. Hence, prioritization and promotion of such technologies should be considered when investing in them to ensure sustainability. The study aims to provide new critical insights into what DTs are and how to identify the significant DTs for sustainable supply chain (SSC). Understanding the DTs’ potential for achieving holistic sustainability through effective technology adoption and diffusion is critical. To achieve the goal, an integrated approach combining the Bayesian method and the Best Worst Method (BWM) is utilized in this study to evaluate DTs in emerging economies' supply chain (SC). The systematic literature review yielded a total of 10 DTs for SSC, which were then evaluated using the Bayesian-BWM to explore the most critical DTs for a well-known example of the readymade garment (RMG) industry of Bangladesh. The results show that the three most essential DTs for SSC are “Internet of things (IoT)”, “Cloud manufacturing”, and “Artificial intelligence (AI)”. The research insights will facilitate policymakers and practitioners in determining where to concentrate efforts during the technology adoption and diffusion stage in order to improve sustainable production through managing SC operations in an uncertain business environment.

IntroductionThe impact of COVID-19 on higher education has necessitated a reevaluation of teaching methodologies, student engagement, and the integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) as pedagogical tools. This shift creates opportunities for innovation and collaborative learning environments among students.MethodsThis study aims to investigate the adoption of virtual tools by university students in Medellín. A sample of 373 students was surveyed using a quantitative approach with a descriptive scope. Factor analysis techniques were employed utilizing SPSS software to assess the associative relationships among variables and hypotheses within the framework of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM).ResultsThe analysis revealed significant correlations, particularly between perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Notably, technological devices such as laptops and smartphones were identified as valuable tools for educational purposes, contributing to a positive attitude towards their utilization among students.DiscussionThe findings underscore the importance of students’ perceptions in shaping their attitudes towards ICT tools for teaching and learning. Understanding these perceptions is crucial for designing effective pedagogical strategies, particularly in crisis situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic, where virtual tools play a vital role in maintaining educational continuity. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the integration of virtual tools in higher education, highlighting avenues for further research and practical implications for educators and policymakers.

This study aims to examine the relationship between firm size and firm growth in Vietnam. The literature does not in general give support to Gibrat’s law stating that the expected increase in firm size is proportionate to its initial size, or that firm growth rates are independent of firm size. The present study relies on a sample of 578 listed Vietnamese companies representing eight different industries and covering the period 2010 to 2020. The analysis reveals that growth in firm revenues does not give support to a hypothesis of independence of initial firm sizes. When the firm size is measured by total assets the opposite result appears, i.e. the Gibrat’s law is not rejected. When including also the age of the firms in the test methodology the conclusion will be that firm growth—measured by revenue or assets—in all cases will decrease with firm size.

Background: Artificial Intelligence has been an area of great interest and investment in the industrial sector, offering numerous possibilities to enhance efficiency and accuracy in production processes. In this regard, this study aimed to identify the adoption challenges of Artificial Intelligence and determine which of these challenges apply to the industrial context of an emerging economy, considering the aspects of Industry 4.0. Methods: To achieve this objective, a literature review was conducted, and a survey was carried out among professionals in the industrial field operating within the Brazilian context. The collected data were analyzed using a quantitative approach through Cronbach’s alpha and the Lawshe method. Results: The results indicate that to enhance the adoption of Artificial Intelligence in the industrial context of an emerging economy, taking into account the needs of Industry 4.0, it is important to prioritize overcoming challenges such as “Lack of clarity in return on investment,” “Organizational culture,” “Acceptance of AI by workers,” “Quantity and quality of data,” and “Data protection”. Conclusions: Therefore, based on the achieved results, it can be concluded that they contribute to the development of strategies and practical actions aimed at successfully driving the adoption of Artificial Intelligence in the industrial sector of developing countries, aligning with the principles and needs of Industry 4.0.

Entrepreneurs in economically challenged areas frequently rely on financial and technical incentives and aid from public and local governments to embrace and apply new technology. This study aims to investigate the challenges to technology innovation that these businesses face. Based on a survey of 422 nascent entrepreneurs in Banjarmasin, Indonesia, an empirical model of the determinants influencing the adoption of technology innovation is developed. The current study used factor analysis as a methodological tool to identify the critical impediments to technology innovation. The study’s findings highlighted five major barriers. More financial resources are needed: as nascent entrepreneurs in these locations frequently need help to get the necessary funds to support their creative endeavors. There is a need for more skilled individuals: new businesses need help to locate and keep employees with the appropriate technological skills. Unfavorable economic conditions exacerbate the problem by making it difficult for new entrepreneurs to access markets and resources that could support their innovative efforts. Furthermore, there needs to be more collaborative efforts, with nascent entrepreneurs in these places frequently needing more collaboration and networking possibilities, expanding their potential to develop. Finally, the study identifies insufficient government support as a barrier to assisting entrepreneurs in adopting novel technologies. These hurdles can be efficiently overcome by government assistance, private-sector investment, and collaborative efforts among nascent entrepreneurs.

ABSTRACT This paper investigates whether political pressure affects the conduct of monetary policy in Brazil. For the period between January 2010 and August 2020, we estimate a modified Taylor rule to empirically test whether the calls for lower interest rates by presidents induce Central Bank of Brazil (BCB) to lower the policy rate. We document that BCB is more likely to set the policy rate in line with the preferences of political leaders. We also show that the response of BCB to political pressure remained significant even though political pressure diminished in recent years.

The adoption of technologies by the operations and supply chain management (OSCM) field is leading to extraordinary disruptions. And with the rapid emergence of cutting-edge and more disruptive technologies, the OSCM is striving to take advantage of such innovations, but they are bringing in their wake a number of challenges. One of those disruptive technologies is blockchain, which is increasingly accepted in virtually all industries. This study aims to investigate the blockchain technology (BCT) adoption behaviour and possible barriers in the Brazilian OSCM context. We developed a model drawing on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, the supply chain literature, and the emerging literature on BCT. We empirically validated the proposed model with Brazilian operations and supply chain professionals by using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Our findings revealed that facilitating conditions, trust, social influence, and effort expectancy are the most critical constructs that directly affect BCT adoption. Unexpectedly, performance expectancy appeared not decisive in terms of predicting BCT adoption. This study contributes to advancing and stimulating the theory about BCT adoption behaviour in supply chains, as well as important managerial implications, which may be more critical for emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In pursuit of profit maximization through practices that promote sustainable development, companies increasingly use environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria to guide investment. However, there are challenges in implementing these practices across diverse sectors, such as the construction industry, especially in emerging countries with limited related studies. This study validated the challenges of implementing ESG in the construction industry in an emerging country like Brazil, considering its relationship with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A literature review identified challenges associated with ESG implementation, followed by the development of a questionnaire based on these challenges. Subsequently, the questionnaire was administered to professionals in the construction industry and validated using the Lawshe method. Twenty-seven challenges were identified, of which twelve were validated, including the lack of standardized performance indicators, regulatory guidelines associated with ESG practices, organizational resistance, and insufficient transparency in non-financial indicators. This study provides guidance for overcoming challenges in the successful adoption of ESG in the construction industry. It also identifies the most-impacted SDGs and lays the foundation for future actions promoting sustainable development in the construction industry in emerging countries.