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We studied some magnetic behaviors of the Ising model in a triangular spin tube using the effective field theory (EFT) with correlations. We examined the effects of the exchange anisotropy $$J^{\prime} = \frac{{J_{ \bot } }}{{J_{//} }}$$ , and temperature T on the magnetic properties of the spin ½ Ising model in a triangular spin tube, particularly for isotherm magnetization, spontaneous magnetization, and magnetic susceptibility. We investigated the magnetic properties of the triangular spin ½ tube in detail. At low temperature, magnetization curves of a triangular spin ½ tube of the Ising model with the intra- triangular J┴, and inter-triangular J// interaction exchange are examined within the behavior magnetic. It is shown that the developed model satisfactorily describes all pronounced features of the low-temperature magnetization process and the magneto-thermodynamics such as abrupt changes of the isothermal magnetization curves, a giant magnetocaloric effect. Among the most notable features of zero-temperature magnetization curves, one could mention fractional magnetization plateaus, quantum spin liquids, and macroscopic magnetization jumps, which can be found first of all in frustrated quantum Heisenberg spin models.

In this work, we studied the magnetic properties of a regularly tetrahedral molecule made of four spin-½, interconnected by exchange. For this purpose, we used the Heisenberg model and performed an exact resolution. In the case of a ferromagnetic coupling among the spins, the system orders itself under a magnetic field without displaying any net spontaneous magnetization. It behaves as a high spin-2 unique magnet. Under antiferromagnetic exchange, some exotic behaviour has been revealed due to the frustration governing the spin edifice. Thus, the magnetization is quantized into plateaus, which are separated by quantum phase transitions. In particular, we have argued the possibility of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) state that can occur at low temperature. This contribution intends mainly to bring single-molecular magnets to the front line of innovative nanoscale applications.

adipose tissue dysfunction is a key factor for diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Chia (Salvia hispanica) is an abundant source of omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and fiber which could improve adipose tissue functionality.to analyze the effect of an isocaloric chia-supplemented diet on glucose metabolism, adipose tissue inflammation, and endothelial function markers in patients with NAFLD and early stages of diabetes.in 32 patients with previous NAFLD diagnosis, without known diabetes, the effect of a diet supplemented with ground chia (25 g/day/8 weeks) was evaluated. Visceral (VAF) and liver fat, plasma lipids, fatty acids, and cytokine profiles, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulinogenic index (IGI30), insulin disposition index (DIO), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) were analyzed. Before and after eight weeks of diet supplementation.chia supplementation promoted increases in plasma alpha-linolenic acid (75 %) and fiber consumption (55 %), and a higher number of EPC (+126 %). Basal OGTT showed that nine patients had normal OGTT, 17 pre-diabetes, and six newly diagnosed diabetes. In patients with diabetes, chia favored a healthier adipose tissue (VAF -7 %, NAFLD -100 %, adiponectin +47 %, resistin -30 %, IL-6 -44 %, IL-1β -22 %) and upturn glucose metabolism through the improvement of beta-cell function (IGI30 +50 %, DIO +66 %).dietary supplementation with 25 g/day of ground chia may promote a healthier adipose tissue and improve pancreatic β-cell and endothelial function. Among patients with early metabolic abnormalities, phytochemical properties of chia may retard diabetes progression and advanced stages of liver damage.

The management of facial wounds poses unique challenges to the surgeon, given the specialized nature of facial tissue and the aesthetic importance of the face. The wide range of wounds varies from simple superficial skin lacerations to extensive, complex facial injury. The management of the complicated injuries is discussed in relation to the location and the mechanism of injury. Therefore, such cases are most appropriately managed by Surgeons who have a thorough knowledge of applied anatomy, an aesthetic sense and meticulous atraumatic tissue handling expertise, coupled with surgical skill to repair all the composite structures simultaneously. We report a series of cases of complex facial wounds we put forward the difficulties associated and provide a helpful systematic approach to evaluating and treating them. &nbsp

We explore the adsorption properties of Fe-Phthalocyanine (FePc) molecule at various configurations of silica films supported by Ru(0001) and report on the geometric, electronic and magnetic features of the energetically preferred structures to fully understand the influence of the silica films on the adsorption properties of the FePc molecule. The investigation is carried out with the use of density of functional theory calculations and the self-consistent inclusion of van der Waals interaction. In addition, Oxygen atoms are added to govern the atomic structure of the silica overlayers on the surface. Our results show that both FePc/silica thin film systems exhibit both physisorption and chemisorption simultaneously. In addition, the FePc molecule on each substrate undergoes a symmetry reduction driven by mismatch with the substrates' symmetry as well as the breakup of the degenerate orbitals of Fe.

Introduction: Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neonatal diabetes in consanguineous families. associated with liver dysfunction, epiphyseal dysplasia, and. growth retardation. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α kinase 3 (EIF2AK3). We report a long-term evolution of 4 patients with Wolcott Rallison syndrome.

Our study included 60 children with diabetes. We divided them into two groups: Group A and Group B. Patients assigned to Group A had controlled diabetes and formed our “Control Group”, while Group B was for patients with poorly controlled diabetes. This study was conducted in « The Home of the Young Diabetic » center in collaboration with the diabetes unit at the pediatric hospital of Rabat. Our goal was to identify the different predictors of metabolic control in diabetic adolescents by looking at the epidemiological data, lifestyle, social level, and the family life of different categories. Finally, we analyzed the results and suggested solutions. To improve the medical care of diabetes provide better control of the teenage period and reinforce therapeutic education, it is necessary to propose social help to families in need and expand the right of health insurance to all citizens but also refund all the new technologies in diabetes treatment. Lastly, we suggested the integration of a psychological test at the beginning of the diabetes discovery and add it to the screening of complications.

Introduction: Fever in children is the most frequent reason for pediatric consultation. Aims of the Study: To assess parent's knowledge and behavior regarding fever in children before the consultation. Methodology: This survey was carried out among 614 who agreed to answer a pre-established questionnaire, having consulted in the pediatric medical emergency department of the children's hospital in rabat. Results: Fever was defined in 64.2% of parents as a temperature above the threshold of 38 ° C. It was measured in 37.9% of cases by the axillary method, the drugs most used were paracetamol and ibuprofen, with the use of paracetamol first in 73.9%, the administration of the drug was based of the weight in 58.7%. Angina was considered the most likely cause of fever (72.7% of cases). Conclusion: The results of our survey show the need to improve parent's knowledge of fever as well as its management at home.

Giantcondylomata acuminate alsoknown as a Buschke–Lowensteintumouris a rare, slow-growing tumor of anogenitalregion. The causative agent of thesetumorsis the papillomavirus whichselectively infects the cutaneous and mucosalepithelia. In spite of itsbenignhistopathology, isclinicallymalignantowing to itslocally destructive nature and itstendency to recur. In this report, wedescribe the case of a patient withmalignant transformation of thistumor and wedetailhis care.

Acute infectious encephalitis is a rare neurological pathology with a varied etiology and a serious prognosis. The purpose of this work is to report the experience of the pediatric infectious diseases department of the Childrens Hospital of Rabat in the management of this condition in order to identify the clinical, paraclinical, etiological, therapeutic and evolutionary and to determine the prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: This is a retro-prospective monocentric study, conducted from January 2014 to March 2019. Included in the study are children under 15 years of age, hospitalized for acute infectious encephalitis, confirmed or retained on presumption criteria. An operating sheet has been prepared for each file collecting epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and progressive data and reported in an Excel sheet. Results: 60 cases have been collected. The average age of the patients is 4 years, the sex ratio M/F is 1.14. The onset of symptoms was acute in 77% of patients. The reason for consultation was fever (78%), convulsions (63%) and febrile disturbances of consciousness (13%). On admission, functional signs were dominated by fever (90%), disturbance of consciousness (53%), immediate coma (20% of cases) and convulsions (75%). The clinical examination found signs of deficit (43.33%), meningeal syndrome (20%), gait disturbances (16.6%), aphasia (2 cases), cerebellar syndrome (2 cases) and hypotonia (3 cases). Brain CT was instrumental in the diagnosis of encephalitis (26.4%), brain MRI (70%) and EEG (51%). The CSF analysis was pathological in 46% of the cases with a positive direct examination (1 case) and positive culture at MNO (1 case). PCR on CSF was positive in 25.6% of cases (HSV1: 5cases, EBV: 1 case, TB: 4cases). The etiology found was viral (50 cases: unknown germ (42 cases), HSV1 (5 cases), chickenpox (1 case), mumps virus (1 case), EBV (1 case)) and bacterial (10 cases: unknown germ (2 cases), MNO (2 cases), PNO (1 case) BK (5 cases)). Treatment was based on the etiology. Corticotherapy was recommended for 25 children and anticonvulsant treatment in all cases. Discussion: Despite its mono-centric nature and its time limitation, this series highlight the severity of acute infectious encephalitis in children. Viral encephalitis is the most common including herpetic encephalitis. The diagnostic difficulties are significant due to the routine unavailability of cerebral MRI and PCR in the CSF. However, a probabilistic treatment must be started without delay, the time to have more elements for the etiological orientation. Physicians awareness and the availability of these examinations remain essential for obtaining better results. &nbsp

La sialocele parotidienne est une complication mecanique rare des plaies post traumatiques de la face, souvent passee inaperçue devant le caractere hemorragique des plaies faciales. Elles doivent être connues et prevenues initialement car leur prise en charge secondaire est compliquee. Le detournement du flux salivaire dans la cavite buccale par catheterisme de la partie distale du canal parotidien àtravers la sialocele, en utilisant une nouvelle de fistule interne controlee, est une procedure fiable et efficace. Il constitue une approche fonctionnelle conservatrice lorsqu un traitement retarde est necessaire, avec un faible potentiel de recidive et une faible comorbidite. Ceci permet une solution definitive au probleme, en preservant la fonction de la glande parotide tout au long du processus de guerison. Ce travail presente le cas d une prise en charge retardee d’une sialocele parotidienne post traumatique avec une approche chirurgicale mini-invasive. &nbsp

Lhyperplasie verruqueuse est une lesion verruco-papillaire rare de la muqueuse buccale, potentiellement maligne avec une tendance a se transformer en son homologue malin, le carcinome verruqueux.Elle est cliniquement indiscernable, mais histologiquement variable. Lhyperplasie verruqueuse buccale possede des caracteristiques enigmatiques qui rendent le diagnostic tres difficile, notamment du fait quelle peut cliniquement ressembler a dautres lesions verruco-papillaires de la muqueuse buccale. Par consequent, une approche protocolisee, au moyen de criteres cliniques et histologiques standardises, doit etre executee pour differencierlhyperplasie verruqueuse buccale des autres lesions verruqueuses et papillaires de la muqueuse buccale afin de choisir loption therapeutique la plus adaptee. Ce travail presente une hyperplasie verruqueuse atypique du plancher buccal chez une femme de 80 ans. &nbsp

Genetic testing provides great support to validate the clinical diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity (IEI). However, the high cost and advanced technology make these tests inaccessible to a large proportion of patients in low-income countries. In the present study, we aim to evaluate the Moroccan experience in genetic testing and to report the main molecular features and difficulties encountered in genetic diagnosis.We performed a multi-center retrospective analysis of all patients with a molecular diagnosis and registered in the national registry between 2010 and 2022. To estimate the impact of the newly identified mutations, we calculated the Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion (CADD) score and the mutation significance cutoff (MSC) for each variant.A total of 216 (29%) patients received a genetic diagnosis out of 742 patients with IEI included in the registry. All genetic tests were performed in the context of thesis projects (40%) or international collaborations (60%). A set of 55 genetic defects were identified, including 7 newly reported: SNORA31, TBX21, SPPL2A, TYK2, RLTPR, ZNF341, and STAT2 GOF. Genetic diagnoses were more frequent in the defects of innate and intrinsic immunity with a percentage of 78%, while antibody deficiencies had a lower frequency with a percentage of 17.5%. Only one genetic diagnosis has been made in the complement deficiency group. The most commonly used molecular techniques were Sanger sequencing (37%) followed by targeted gene sequencing (31%).The thesis projects and collaborations were beneficial as they allowed us to provide a definitive genetic diagnosis to 29% of the patients and to contribute to the identification of new genetic defects and mutations. These results offer insight into the progress made in genetic diagnoses of IEI in Morocco, which would provide a baseline for improving the clinical management of patients with IEI.

Cladanthus eriolepis (C. eriolepis) (Coss. ex Maire) Oberpr. & Vog. is endemic to High Atlas (Dades Gorge and Todgha Gorge), the Anti Atlas and Saharan Morocco. It is known under the vernacular nam...

In this paper, we study the magnetic properties of a molecule composed of two inverted spin-½ tetrahedra sharing their common vertex via a spin-1. We achieve an exact resolution using the Heisenberg model. As long as the exchange couplings are predominantly ferromagnetic, the spin structure is fully saturated and behaves like a large spin-4 unique magnet. Antiferromagnetic coupling can strongly frustrate the spins of the nanodevice. This may lead to several exotic phenomena. Therefore, the magnetization can be quantified into plateaus separated by quantum phase transitions. The work is intended to inspire researchers to develop molecular magnets as a basis for innovative nanoscale engineering applications.

The management of face and neck defects has always been a difficult challenge, which tests the maxillofacial surgeons' ability to decide which therapeutic option is suitable for each individual patient, and which tools are to be used to guarantee an optimum management of the patient. We report the case of a patient with recurrent basal cell carcinoma of the chin area. Reconstruction of the large defect after tumor resection was successfully performed by a deltopectoral flap. We believe that this old flap can be a contemporary and effective answer, to difficult question of reconstruction of large defects of face and neck, especially in patients who may be exposed to certain risks relating to long-lasting anesthesia.

In this work, the effect of thermal fluctuation field on the magnetization dynamics in Co1.5Fe1.5Ge alloy free layer is reviewed in a spin-valve structure with in-plane magnetization using the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski (s-LLGS) equation taking into account the thermally assisted switching. The ultimate goal is to systematically study the heating effect on the magnetization reversal by simulating the magnetization dynamics in different thicknesses under very low current densities of about 106–105 A/cm2 in the presence of the thermal effect by applying different temperature values between T = 50 and T = 200 K. Results showed that the magnetization has different reversal processes among the large and small temperature values due to the competition between the thermal energy Et and magnetic energy barrier Eb, which allows the magnetization to trigger switching for specific temperature values. Consequently, at a temperature increase of about 200 K, we have proved that the magnetization reversal in Co1.5Fe1.5Ge alloy free layer is possible under a low current density of J =− 3.5 × 106 A/cm2. Additionally, we carefully examined the thermal impact on the threshold current density and switching time through analyzing the magnetization behavior for each temperature value, and as a result, we succeeded to reduce the critical current density in Co1.5Fe1.5Ge/Ag/Co1.5Fe1.5Ge structure from Jc = − 5.7 × 106 A/cm2 to Jc = − 9.5 × 105 A/cm2 for a thickness of 1 nm.

There has been a significant increase in research of magnetocaloric materials because of its efficiency and environment friendliness for magnetic refrigeration applications at room temperature. The investigation of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in RE5(SixGe1−x)4 alloys (where RE = Gd) shows large entropy changes ∆Sm over a wide range of temperature. In this work, we study the GMCE in Gd5Si2Ge2 alloy using Monte Carlo simulation. To attain this aim, we use DFT first to determine the exchange couplings of the alloy. The studied compound displays a magnetic entropy change of −∆Sm = 9.97 J/kg.K when subjected to a change of 0–5 T in the magnetic field, and also undergoes structural modifications whose effects recur on the magnetic behavior. In addition, this work is comforted by the agreement with previous experimental results.

Skyrmions are considered as topologically protected magnetic textures; they are covering a large area of applications. In this work, we studied using micromagnetic simulations the emergence of skyrmions in a nanodisk stacked in a FM/NM/FM multilayer system. We show how the skyrmion is formed through the antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling (IEC). We also show the impact of the IEC on skyrmion size in both layers. We try as a conclusion to identify the range of IEC where skyrmions could exist in such systems.

In this paper, we study the magnetization behavior in Co40Fe40B20 nanodisks with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which is induced by a Pt layer. The known giant perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in thin films elaborated from this kind of materials improves the topological structures nucleation. Our work consists in investigating the skyrmions apparition and stability in amorphous CoFeB nanodisks. The detected skyrmions are not spontaneously nucleated. Their nucleation is induced by an applied external field. We also study reversal magnetization of CoFeB and we elucidate skyrmions nucleation and annihilation.

High intake of omega-3 fatty acids has been associated with synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis and memory in several experimental models. To assess the efficacy of fish oil supplementation on oxidative stress markers in patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer´s disease (AD) we conducted a double blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. AD patients who met the inclusive criteria were given fish oil (containing 0.45 g eicosapentaenoic acid and 1 g docosahexaenoic acid) or placebo daily for 12 months. Oxidative stress markers [lipoperoxides, nitric oxide catabolites levels, oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio, and membrane fluidity] and fatty acid profile in erythrocytes were assessed at enrollment, and 6 and 12 months after the start of the testing period. At the end of the trial, in patients who received fish oil, we detected a decrease in the omega 6/omega 3 ratio in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids. This change was parallel with decreases in plasma levels of lipoperoxides and nitric oxide catabolites. Conversely, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione was significantly increased. In addition, membrane fluidity was increased significantly in plasma membrane samples. In conclusion fish oil administration has a beneficial effect in decreasing the levels of oxidative stress markers and improving the membrane fluidity in plasma. El alto consumo de ácidos grasos omega-3 se asocia con la plasticidad sináptica, neurogénesis y memoria en varios modelos experimentales. Para evaluar la eficacia de la suplementación con aceite de pescado en los marcadores de estrés oxidativo en pacientes con diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) probable realizamos un ensayo clínico doble ciego, aleatorizado, controlado con placebo. A los pacientes con la EA que cumplían los criterios de inclusión se les administró aceite de pescado (que contenía 0,45 g de ácido eicosapentaenoico y 1 g de ácido docosahexaenoico) o placebo diariamente durante 12 meses. Los marcadores de estrés oxidativo plasmático [niveles de lipoperóxidos y catabolitos del óxido nítrico, cociente de glutatión reducido a glutatiónoxidado) y fluidez de la membrana] y el perfil de ácidos grasos en los eritrocitos se evaluaron al inicio, 6 meses y alos 12 meses. Al final del ensayo, en pacientes que recibieron aceite de pescado detectamos una disminución en el cociente de ácidos grasos omega 6/omega 3 en los fosfolípidos de la membrana eritrocitaria. Este cambio ocurrió en paralelo a la disminución de los niveles plasmáticos de lipoperóxidos y catabolitos del óxido nítrico. Por el contrario, el cociente de glutatión reducido a glutatión oxidado se incrementó significativamente. Además, la fluidez de la membrana aumentó significativamente en las muestras analizadas. En conclusión, la administración de aceite de pescado tiene un efecto beneficioso al disminuir los niveles de marcadores de estrés oxidativo plasmático y mejorar la fluidez de la membrana plasmática.

The hysteresis loops and compensation behaviors of a ferrimagnetic mixed system, consisting of two sublattices (A and B) with different spins (SA = 1 and SB = ½) and described by Heisenberg Hamiltonian on a cubic lattice, are investigated by using the pair approximation method. We have discussed the dependence of the compensation temperature on the D- crystal field interaction and J-exchange anisotropy. The influence of the longitudinal magnetic field and the magnetic hysteresis loops are also carried out. It is found that the model of mixed spin exhibits the possibility of two compensation points for several given sets of parameters. The model yields also second-order and first-order phase transitions, in addition to tricritical points. The reentrant phenomena can occur in some narrow ranges of D /|Jz| and Jxy /|Jz |. We have also observed the existence of triple hysteresis loop behaviors under the effects of special intrinsic parameters.

Introduction: Infant bronchiolitis is the most common acute viral infection infection of the lower respiratory tract in children. Many pharmacological interventions have been suggested, including bronchodilators, yet the efficacy of bronchodilators in the treatment of this infection is still controversial. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of nebulization of salbutamol vs. saline solution in the acute phase of bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: Using a randomized selection process, 52 infant patients received salbutamol, and 48 received a saline solution. The patients included in the study were aged 1 to 23 months and presented with their first episode of wheezing. During patient selection, we excluded children who were asthmatic or had other pulmonary issues prior to their bronchiolitis episode. Three nebulizations were performed for each patient, at one-hour intervals, after admission to the hospital. Wang's score and oxygen saturation were recorded for each patient on arrival, then at 30 minutes after each nebulization. Results and Conclusion: During the treatment period (which lasts three hours), the mean Wang score decreased from 7 to 3.5, and the mean oxygen saturation increased from 92.5% to 95.6%. Statistical analysis of the data, based on a parametric statistical test of the Student type (T-test), shows that there is no significant difference between nebulization with salbutamol and those given saline solution. The evolution of the clinical scores leads to the general conclusion that we cannot recommend using salbutamol nebulization over saline solution for the treatment of bronchiolitis.

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem lacking an approved pharmacological treatment. Omega-3 fatty acids have shown to reverse NAFLD. Chia is a seed rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA), antioxidants, and fiber; therefore, it could be useful to treat NAFLD. Methods In a single arm experimental design study, the effect of 25 g/day of milled chia was assessed in 25 patients with NAFLD. After two weeks of dietary stabilization (basal condition) and eight weeks of a chia-supplemented isocaloric diet, liver:spleen attenuation index and visceral abdominal fat (VAF) were measured by computed tomography. Lipids, lipoproteins, free fatty acids (FFA), and ALA plasma concentrations were also determined. Results Dietary chia supplementation induced an increase in plasma ALA concentration (75%) and dietary fiber (55%) consumption. After chia supplementation, VAF (9%), body weight (1.4%), total cholesterol (2.5%), non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (3.2%), and circulating FFA (8%) decreased. Furthermore, NAFLD regressed in 52% of the treated patients (P Conclusions The results of the present study show that 25 g/day of milled chia ameliorates NAFLD. Chia is an accessible vegetal source of omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and fiber, which could have the potential to prevent metabolic abnormalities in NAFLD patients. Considering that there is no pharmacological treatment approved for NAFLD, the findings of the present study suggest that a chia-supplemented diet could be an innovative alternative to control this disease. Retrospectively registered https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03942822

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis through a mechanism that involves vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity. Several molecules found to be increased in MetS, including free fatty acids, fatty acid binding protein 4, leptin, resistin, oxidized lipoprotein particles, and advanced glycation end products, influence VSMC proliferation. Most of these molecules act through their receptors on VSMCs by activating several signaling pathways associated with ROS generation in various cellular compartments. ROS from NADPH-oxidase and mitochondria have been found to promote VSMC proliferation and cell cycle progression. In addition, most of the natural or synthetic substances described in this review, including pharmaceuticals with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties, attenuate VSMC proliferation by their simultaneous modulation of cell signaling and their scavenging property due to the presence of a phenolic ring in their structure. This review discusses recent data in the literature on the role that several MetS-related molecules and ROS play in the change from contractile to proliferative phenotype of VSMCs. Hence the importance of proposing an appropriate strategy to prevent uncontrolled VSMC proliferation using antioxidants, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic agents.