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Agriculture was and remains the support of human existence, representing the backbone of the Romanian rural economy. The gross domestic product represents a macroeconomic indicator of results, being the consequence of the efficient use of resources. In this context, the authors analyze the place that agriculture holds in achieving the gross domestic product in Romania compared to the European Union, as well as its dynamics. In this sense, the share of resources in the formation of the gross domestic product in the period 2000-2022 is presented. The main research methods used for this work are: analysis, synthesis, comparison and mathematical analysis. From the analysis carried out, conclusive ideas emerge, and the article becomes even more suggestive, in that it is accompanied by tables synthesized by the authors and relevant graphics that highlight and support the assessments that the authors make in the content of this article. At the end of the paper, the authors emphasize the fact that the GDP is the most complex indicator that reflects the transformations that the Romanian economy has gone through in recent years. From the point of view of the use of resources, it can be seen that the share of the agricultural sector has registered a downward evolution, which can be largely explained by the increase in the importance of industry and the service sector in the overall national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted to assess the knowledge and frequency of use of statistics among professional roles from various businesses in different economic sectors in Ecuador. A tool was designed, based on the Guide for Evaluation and Instruction in Statistical Education and the Handbook of Statistical Methods by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which made it possible to analyze the aptitudes of different professionals in relation to the use of statistics along their enterprises from different economic sectors. The data was collected by interviews and surveys to 246 people working in factories around the country. For instance, the results showed around 75% of the commerce sector requires to be more trained in reliability techniques, unfortunately the expertise of the majority of the sample shows that this part of the statistics it not a strength. The results also showed a lack of knowledge of statistical topics among the different professionals according to their professional roles. This study suggests that there is a need and an opportunity to increase education and training in the use of statistics within professional roles in several businesses around Ecuador. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gharee for Economics & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gharee for Economics & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gharee for Economics & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Central European countries are strategic wood exporters in the European and international wood trade. In the context of wood exporters, Czechia, Germany, Poland, Slovenia, and Austria are the important countries providing the development and stability of the forestry and wood sector. The share of these countries' exports in total EU exports represents more than 52% of the volume of wood exported over 5 years. After the Netherlands, the five mentioned countries recorded the highest increase in roundwood production of all EU and EFTA countries in the years 2000–2022 (from 46% (AT)–126% (CZ)), and the European average is 26%. The last decade has been characterised by a significant destabilisation of the Central European timber market as a result of natural disturbances linked to climate change, which also threatens the long-term competitiveness and preservation of this sector in the economic systems of national economies. The article provides an analytical insight into the historical development of natural calamities and their macroeconomic consequences in Central European countries. The data forecast an unfavourable development of the timber market in Europe caused by the ongoing calamity situation, the pricing policy of the timber trade, the oversaturation of the market with lower-quality calamity timber, insufficient processing capacities for primary processing of wood and its use in secondary processing, and, last but not least, the limited stock of timber in the coming years in selected Central European countries (due to an extreme increase in harvesting plans within the last 5 years, with consequences that will be felt in the coming decade). For the continued economic function of forests and the availability of wood supply for future generations, the current evolution of calamities in forest ecosystems is critical, and long-term strategic measures based on empirical data are necessary. The information presented in this paper can serve as a tool for the objectification of strategic decisions in the development of forestry policies in selected countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The life insurance sector occupies a prime position in service sector in India. This paper investigates the causal relationship between life insurance sector and service sector on the one hand and between life insurance and GDP in India on the other. Economic growth (annual GDP) is taken as the dependent variable, while life insurance (total annual life insurance premium) and total annual service sector contribution are taken as the independent variables. MS Excel and Eviews are used to analyze the dataset. Time series econometrics models like unit root test, cointegration (bound) test, ARDL model, ECM, and Granger causality test are applied in the study. The results reveal that there is a positive long-run relationship between life insurance sector and service sector. But no relationship is found between life insurance and GDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Outdoor recreation is one of the fastest-growing economic sectors in the United States and is being used by communities to support economic development, social prosperity, and environmental protection. For communities that have whitewater rivers, whitewater recreation provides a powerful economic alternative to ailing extractive and manufacturing industries that have long dominated rural communities. In order to promulgate a whitewater recreation-based economy, stakeholders need information about their whitewater resources, including how often and when they can be paddled. The overall goal of this study, therefore, was to develop an analytical framework that quantifies boatable days, that is, the number of days that streamflow exceeds the minimum boatable flow levels needed to paddle downstream. Importantly, our framework uses publicly available streamflow and minimum boatable flow information that can be used to quantify boatable days for any whitewater run in the country, irrespective of watershed size or river flashiness. We applied the framework to three world-class whitewater rivers in the central Appalachian Mountains, USA, and found abundant and stable boating opportunities throughout the year. Our results underscore the potential for strategically developing whitewater recreation as a means of economic diversification and highlight how boatable days analysis can be used for quantifying whitewater resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The country's economic growth depends on energy consumption, and increasing energy consumption results in increase in the level environmental pollution. Therefore, management of energy consumption in different economic sectors with the aim of controlling pollution is necessary. The purpose of this study is to estimate the share of inputs in production, substitution between inputs, and to investigate the effects of energy substitution on pollution emissions and energy storage in Iran's economic sectors. Materials and Methods: To achieve these goals, the translog production function is used. Relevant statistical data for the period 1981 to 2017 have been collected from the Central Bank, the Statistics Center of Iran and the Ministry of Energy. Findings: The results showed that capital stock, labor force and energy are substitute inputs, and among these, the substitution between energy and capital is more and its value is equal to 1.457 percent, 1.332 percent for the agricultural sector, industries-mining and services, respectively. 1% and 1.247%. In addition, the results of the study of different scenarios showed that with the allocation of more capital in the sectors, energy saving technologies are expanded, resulting in a substitution between capital and energy, as well as a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Conclusion: Based on obtained results, it is suggested that due to the high substitution of capital and energy, more energy can be saved from the sectors and more pollution can be controlled. In addition, the substitution of capital and energy can be achieved by further advancing technology and helping to change the production structure of parts from user to capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Neue Kriminalpolitik is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The recent increasing attention to the economic and policy analysis of the food systems from international fora, public institutions and academia calls for the availability of information and data capable of informing about the interrelations across economic sectors and within value chains. The international policy agenda is pushing for a more effective application of measures at country and regional level in line with the recommendations of the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals, for which more systematic and integrated data about economic, social and environmental impacts of policies are requested. The Food Value Chain Domain recently published in FAOSTAT responds to this call. Its data and information shed light on the distribution of final domestic food expenditures across industries (Agriculture, Food Processing, Wholesale, Retail, Accommodations and Food Services) and primary factors (e.g.: Labour, Gross Operating Surplus) on the relative food value chain. The FAOSTAT Domain offers therefore robust and granular information on both the farm and the post-farm gate component of the Food Value Chain. The applied Global Food Dollar methodology, that FAO is contributing to upscale at global level, is based on Leontief decomposition approach on the Input-Output tables. Moreover, whenever the Input-Output table are not available, it is now possible to impute them from Supply-Use tables by applying a conversion methodology, developed by FAO in compliance with European (EUROSTAT), United Nations (UNSD) and international statistical standards as the System of National Accounts. This allows to extend the analysis to several African, Asian, and Latin American countries that produce on regular basis only Supply and Use Tables, and not Industry by industry Input Output Tables. The potential time and data coverage of the methodology is therefore significantly expanded. The aim of this paper is to describe the conceptual framework of the conversion methodology of Supply-Use Tables into Input-Output Tables of the Global Food Dollar methodology, and the potential implementation scope of these methodologies. Preliminary analytical findings of the applied methodologies are presented as well. The new methods and data presented in this paper, being based on data compliant with the International Statistical Standards, as the System of National Accounts, and therefore comparable across countries, associated to larger data availability, have the potential to effectively support food policies at international, regional and national level, as well as contribute to a decision making in line with the 2030 Agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It was a student sports efficiency model. Methodology: The present research method was intertwined. The sampling method in the qualitative, non -randomized type was also targeted and available. The quality data collection tool was a semi -structural interview with 15 people academic sports and economics. In the quantitative section, 384 people were selected in a multi -step cluster. Results: In the qualitative section after interviewing and encoding all the codes extracted in eleven management, political, socio-cultural, facilities and equipment, law, technology, research and development, media, marketing, economic and private sector attraction to codes They were divided. The findings also showed that all the extracted components can explain the efficiency of student sports with an economic approach, and the research communication model was also fitted. Conclusion: Student sports in its ideal form can be the primary support of the country's sport system, which requires the active participation of academic officials in sports, the positive attitudes of managers and officials to sports and student activity, and the adoption of focused strategies and policies on student sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fifth generation of mobile networks is going to transform the way we live, work, and communicate. The shift from 4G to 5G would be a crucial enabler for the growth of smart cities due to its superior speed and minimal latency. Extant literature indicates that 5G technology holds immense potential in implementing and managing smart cities and would provide benefit to citizens and corporates alike. The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of 5G computing as a smart city accelerator, in terms of enabling data driven decisions and its effects on various economic sectors. Based on primary data collected from 392 respondents based in Delhi NCR, the study attempts to explore the attitude of people towards 5G technology with respect to Connectivity, Infrastructure and Application for development of smart cities in India [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID 19 pandemic has exposed businesses to high uncertainty through a number of channels. While the magnitude of this economic disruption is much larger than the 2008–2009 global financial crisis, there are pertinent learnings from the latter which can accelerate the recovery envisaged after the current crisis. To identify that, in this paper, we analyse the determinants of firms' ability to maintain positive performance during an unexpected downturn. We do this by using a multinomial logit analysis on Italian automotive industry firm-level data covering the years before and after the 2008 financial crisis. The most significant results are that innovation and intangible assets play a key role in shaping the degree of firm ability to face external shocks. Our findings provide insights into solutions that have practical importance for companies pertaining to a mature industry like automotive. Learning from the economic downturn faced in 2008–2009, which we highlight in this study, can act as the first step into a green and sustainable recovery desired in the aftermath of the COVID 19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society (BRAJETS) / Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade (CETS) is the property of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society - BRAJETS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aligning investments with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been a longstanding ambition for many private investors. The assessment of corporate impact on the SDGs is not a trivial task, and most present-day attempts often overlook SDG interactions, and lack scientific anchoring and transparency. We present an evidence-based review approach for investors to assess sector-level impacts on individual SDGs, and score these using a traffic-light system. Our initial review documents impacts of 81 economic sectors on SDGs 1-16. Results show that environmental SDGs are impacted negatively by most economic sectors, and that primary sector activities negatively impact the highest number of SDGs. Using the agricultural sector as a case, we draw on Causal Loop methodology to illustrate spillovers resulting from SDG interactions. Our findings point to three key considerations of relevance for sustainable investment strategies; the necessity to capture 'impact shadows', spillovers across SDGs, and the hierarchical nature of the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to assess the adequacy of state aid provided to Polish enterprises during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research sample encompasses 21,687 non-financial enterprises classified as large, medium, and small, accounting for 32.7% of all non-financial enterprises in Poland falling into these groups. The article develops an original method for measuring the justification and accuracy of state aid directed to enterprises in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, utilising changes in firms’ sales revenues. The conducted analyses confirmed that the level of effectiveness of support policies varied significantly across economic sectors. In the first year of the pandemic, support policies were most effective in sectors P (education), Q (healthcare and social assistance), and I (accommodation and food service activities). In the second and third years of the pandemic, sectors Q and E (water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities) exhibited the highest effectiveness. The analyses also led to the conclusion that sectors with lower average firm size measured by sales revenues demonstrated higher effectiveness of support policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the considerations presented in the paper was to examine the changes that occurred in both population and GDP size and in selected economic sectors as a result of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the highlighted EU regions. Design/methodology/approach: The paper examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population of selected EU regions, GDP in those regions, and the impact of the pandemic on the unemployment rate, the number of people at risk of poverty or social exclusion, the number of nights spent in overnight accommodations, the number of passengers traveling by air, the number of people who ordered goods or services online in the past year, and employment in high-tech sectors. The impact was examined by analyzing development trend models for selected variables and verifying the hypothesis of constancy of model parameters with the Chow test. Predictions of selected variables were also counted if there had been no pandemic and compared to actual values from the COVID-19 pandemic period. Findings: Not all regions were equally affected by the effects of the pandemic. This was undoubtedly influenced by the authorities' struggle with the effects of the pandemic, but also by the entrepreneurial spirit of the residents of the regions studied. Also in different spheres of economic life, the effects of the pandemic varied from negative to positive. Research limitations/implications: Further research should also include the other EU regions and more economic sectors, allowing us to group regions according to similarities in coping with the pandemic and calculate spatial correlations. A problem we may encounter is the lack of sufficient data, which may result in the exclusion of some regions and economic sectors from the study. Social implications: Through the research, we can highlight regions that are coping better with the effects of a pandemic, and this can inspire regions that are coping less well. In the future, regions can look up to the actions carried out by authorities in other regions to offset the effects of pandemics (or other disasters with global effects) and transfer them to their own region. Originality/value: The article compares regions within the boundaries of which are national capitals. It was shown which region did best in combating the effects of the pandemic and which did less well. The article also shows what the impact of the pandemic was on the various branches of the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the relationship between the gross value added (GVA) of Greece's agricultural sector and the GVAs of the other sectors. The research considers both the relationship between value levels and the cycles of GVAs. Dynamic analysis using ARDL modeling shows that there is no cointegration between agricultural GVA and the other GVAs. However, there is an estimated cointegrating relationship between business cycles of agriculture and those of the rest of the economic sectors, with the cycles of services being the significant variable. Moreover, econometric analysis using NARDL modeling shows that there is a cointegrating relationship between the levels of GVAs as well, when asymmetricity—with respect to GVA changes of the services sector—is introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Greening in agro—food sector has become within the last decade a high priority issue given the 17 Sustainable targets set by OECD. More specifically, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, intend to promote using environmental resources in close correlation with measures to reduce non-environmental human pressure on the planet as well as in agro-food sector. The present work studies the greening of agro-food sector as synopsized in emissions per capita by agro-food sector for the EU and its relation to economic growth per capita with the assistance of a BVAR framework. Our findings do not validate success in greening of agro—food sector since the emissions reduction is not accompanied by economic growth a result that rejects the hypothesis of eco efficiency. Future research could involve the construction of an index that should incorporate more variables that will reflect more accurately the greening efforts in agro—food sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the complexities of cost behavior in the textile industry, conducting a comparative analysis between firms in the Nordic countries and Spain. Our main goal is to examine how distinct economic and corporate governance models impact the cost management strategies of textile firms. Utilizing a panel dataset from the Orbis database covering the years 2017 to 2022, we reveal significant differences in cost stickiness between these regions. Notably, Nordic textile firms demonstrate a stronger tendency toward cost stickiness compared to their Spanish counterparts. This difference is largely attributed to the Nordic textile firms' more cautious approach to adjusting costs in response to decreases in revenue, potentially motivated by a commitment to sustainability, eco-friendly technologies, and long-term business success. Our analysis not only highlights the complex interaction between the global challenges confronting the textile sector and the unique economic and governance environments but also maps out how these elements shape cost management strategies. By offering insights to both academics and practitioners, this study advocates for a comprehensive cost management approach, capable of navigating demand volatilities and strategic complexities faced by textile firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study comprehensively investigates the causality relationship between the credits provided by the monetary sector to the private sector, value-added production and foreign direct investments and economic growth in the Turkic Republics (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Türkiye) in the period 1995-2022 and the direction of this causality. In the study, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test was used to investigate the causality relationship between the variables and the direction of causality. The aim of the study is to understand the economic growth dynamics and development processes of these countries in more depth, thus developing the necessary policy recommendations for sustainable growth. In the study, it was determined that the credits provided by the monetary sector to the private sector affect economic growth unidirectionally. In addition, it was determined that there are bidirectional causality relationships between economic growth and value-added production and foreign direct investments. These findings reveal the main driving forces of economic development in the Turkic Republics and provide important clues that will play a key role in shaping the development strategies of these countries. In this context, the study aims to contribute to the understanding of the economic and financial dynamics specific to the region and constitutes a valuable guide for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent passage of the Offshore Electricity Infrastructure Act (2021) (Cth) opened up the potential for Australia to produce renewable energy at unprecedented scale. Six regions have been identified as potential locations for developing offshore wind projects, promising thousands of new local jobs to legacy industrial regions. This paper charts the regulatory framework for Australia's offshore wind industry and how it positions local economic benefits in the licencing of projects. It then draws on interviews with key stakeholders supported by media and policy analysis to examine the early development of offshore wind capability in one of the proposed regions, the Illawarra, in NSW. Here existing steelmaking capacity positions the region to play a key role in supply chains for local and potentially national projects, but considerable structural and geographical constraints in the labour market will need to be addressed. In light of overseas experience indicating that economic benefits often fall short of promises, greater attention by policy makers is required to ensure hosting communities can develop local skills in the industry and facilitate their relative supply chain capabilities. This paper also calls for careful evaluation of early projects to allow for adjustments to policy settings as the industry matures domestically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable management of lakes requires us to overcome ecological, economic, and social challenges. These challenges can be addressed by focusing on achieving ecological improvement within a multifaceted, co-beneficial context. In-lake restoration measures may promote more rapid ecosystem responses than is feasible with catchment measures alone, even if multiple interventions are needed. In particular, we identify restoration methods that support the overarching societal target of a circular economy through the use of nutrients, sediments, or biomass that are removed from a lake, in agriculture, as food, or for biogas production. In this emerging field of sustainable restoration techniques, we show examples, discuss benefits and pitfalls, and flag areas for further research and development. Each lake should be assessed individually to ensure that restoration approaches will effectively address lake-specific problems, do not harm the target lake or downstream ecosystems, are cost-effective, promote delivery of valuable ecosystem services, minimize conflicts in public interests, and eliminate the necessity for repeated interventions. Achieving optimal, sustainable results from lake restoration relies on multidisciplinary research and close interactions between environmental, social, political, and economic sectors. This article is categorized under: Science of Water > Water Quality Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Companies' green competitive advantages result from the high coordination of economic, ecological, social and corporate subsystems. Thus, it is important to investigate the influence and coupling coordination degree (CCD) of the relevant components of green competitiveness. This paper justifies the relationship between green competitiveness and the coupling degree of its components. It hypothesizes that the increasing integrated index of companies' green competitiveness was determined by levels of coordination and communication between its components. The study applies the CCD model and correlation analysis to test the hypothesis. The objects of analysis were enterprises represented by three economic sectors: agro-industrial, mechanical engineering and food. The findings show that the highest coupling coordination degree among all components is represented by the companies with the highest green competitive index. These companies are characterized by the dominance of corporate components, which can increase the general level of green competitive advantages in various combinations with other determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the bilateral relations between Mexico and New Zealand, highlighting diplomatic insights provided by Mexico's ambassador to New Zealand, HE Alfredo Pérez Bravo. Topics discussed include the 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties, collaboration in trade and economic sectors, and initiatives for cultural exchange and academic cooperation.

The main aim of this study is to analyze the impact of innovation and enterprise performance in the transition countries with special emphasis in the case of Kosovo. The innovations play a crucial impact on firm development, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises in countries in transition. This study uses primary data with a specific sample thus the enterprises that operate in Kosovo in order to analyze the relationship between innovations and firm performance. This study was conducted within a six-month period, specifically January 2022 - June 2022. The research sample consists of 400 Kosovar enterprises. These enterprises are from different economic sectors, such as production, services, and in terms of size, 80% of them are SMEs. The study used the CDM (Crépon, Duguet and Mairesse) model which includes the fourth phase. The first phase of this model is about the tendencies of enterprises to carry out innovative activities, the second phase is about the enterprises that invested in research and development, the third stage of the model, the conversion of inputs into outputs is analyzed. In the end, the impact of innovation outputs on the performance of the analyzed enterprises is investigated. The study concludes that enterprises that export to the EU and the Western Balkans region are significant, so this positively affects the tendencies of these enterprises for innovative activities, whereas enterprises that are oriented only to the local market, do not present significance and even have a negative relationship with the enterprises' tendencies for innovations. A large part of the enterprises think that innovations have high costs and are even unaffordable therefore this represents a big obstacle for the development of innovations. The lack of qualified personnel and the lack of knowledge about markets and technology represent a big obstacle to the development of innovations, and it even negatively affects the decisions of these enterprises about innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Succession in family businesses represents an important stage in the life of the company, but also of the family, the success of the process being linked to the family heritage. Transferring the business to the next generation is a complicated process that involves a careful analysis of all elements involved (family, management, ownership). These elements will undergo important changes following the succession process. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to address some specific issues related to the technology-based family business succession process in Romania from the last decade when family businesses reached the point of the first business transfer. Specifically, there is the following research question: (Q) What are the new succession strategies given the major changes in the economic sector in recent years? The findings can provide clarifications or even suggestions for the successful development of the succession process in technology-based family businesses in Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As mobile communications transform, 5G technology can potentially change many industries and businesses. The change will have a great influence across many fields, such as the automotive, healthcare, and manufacturing sectors. This paper aims to review the existing applications of blockchain technology in providing 5G network security and identify new possibilities for such security solutions. We consider different aspects of blockchain in 5G, particularly data transmission, access control, and applications including vertical industry-oriented applications and specific solutions supporting such sectors of economic activity. The paper briefly describes modern technologies in 5G networks and introduces blockchain's properties and different aspects of using such technology in practical applications. It also presents access control management with blockchain applied in 5G and related problems, reviews other blockchain-enforced network technologies, and shows how blockchain can help in services dedicated to vertical industries. Finally, it presents our vision of new blockchain applications in modern 5G networks and beyond. The new-generation networks use two fundamental technologies, slicing and virtualization, and attackers attempt to execute new types of attacks on them. In the paper, we discuss one of the possible scenarios exhibiting the shortcomings of the slicing technology architecture. We propose using blockchain technology to create new slices and to connect new or existing subscribers to slices in the 5G core network. Blockchain technology should solve these architectural shortcomings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about the comparative analysis on the growth rate of imports and the growth rate of exports during 2009 to 2023. The foreign trade includes all of merchandise and service goods and it is administrated by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. India had an isolated economy before economic liberalization in 1991 because of high average tariffs--200 percent or more--and significant quantitative import restrictions. Since the liberalization, India's economy has improved mainly due to increased foreign trade. From 2009 to 2023 India saw a 323.05% of change in total foreign trade. India's foreign trade is estimated to cross 48 % of India's GDP for the fiscal year ending March 2023.India exports approximately 7500 commodities to about 190 countries, and imports around 6000 commodities from 140 countries. According to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the fifteen largest trading partners of India represent 61.67% of total trade by India in the financial year 2022-23 After analyzing the GDP data of Indian economy and India's export and import performances India's foreign trade is elevated even though it was affected in the COVID 19 period. As of 2023, India is the seventh largest exporter of commercial services in the world, accounting for 4.6% of global trade in services. Though the exports volume and values are increased, unfortunately India's share in the world's exports is still not up to the prospect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Latin American & Caribbean Studies (Routledge) is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Manufacturing drives major economic and workplace stability and growth, while a growing population drives the creation of jobs in all economic sectors. Generational behavioral dynamics affect the attitudinal adaptation to performance outcomes of industries. Many factors drive the country's behavioral perspective regarding career pathways and impact the decision to pursue a career in trades such as manufacturing. This proposal posits that a longitudinal exploration of the variables driving industry success such as training, motivation, job satisfaction, performance, and staffing will produce methods to support the current industry demands and onshoring effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the role of capital as one of the most important factors which can affect production, job creation, and productive activities, this study was an attempt to investigate factors which can influence investment and the way they do so. To this end, this study benefitted from a dynamic computable general equilibrium model approach to simulate the effects of technology spillovers on economic and welfare variables involved in the investment of Iranian private sector in the country's economy. Accordingly, the study focused on changes in the production index of different economic sectors of Iran and changes in the consumption and price levels in the form of four different scenarios, namely doubling foreign direct investment, improving productivity through technology spillovers by using a coefficient of 0.0062, increasing import of capital and intermediate goods by 20%, and simultaneous application of the aforementioned three scenarios by using the 2013 Social Accounting Matrix for Iran. the results revealed, application of the first scenario can lead to an increase in the level of private sector investment in all the 14 sectors of Iran's economy and cause production growth. Moreover, application of the third scenario can cause the investment level of private sector to decrease. Finally, consideration of the fourth scenario, as compared to the other three scenarios, can be accompanied by a more considerable increase in the levels of production, private sector investment, household consumption, export, import, and thus households' welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the employment effects of the 2019 minimum wage increase in Spain on individual probabilities of losing employment status (extensive margin) and lowering work intensity (intensive margin). To do so, we use variation of workers' exposure to the reform by comparing monthly employment transitions into unemployment and reductions in number of working hours between employees earning less than the minimum wage (treatment group) and those earning more and that should therefore be unaffected by the reform (control group). We find that the new minimum wage significantly increased the probability of experiencing unemployment (1.7 percentage points) and a reduction in work intensity (0.9 percentage points) for treated workers after one year. Our results suggest substantial heterogeneity by age, prior work intensity, economic sector and geographical region of employees affected by the reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The private sector is part of the United Nations Global Compact, which promotes the voluntary participation of organizations to implement environmental care strategies. The purpose of this article is to examine the performance of Ecuadorian companies in regard to environmental management, especially in the fight against climate change, considering the economic sectors (manufacturing, mining, commerce, construction and services). Figures from the National Institute of Statistics and the Census of Ecuador (2020) are used, including descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations with Cramer's V index. The results show that approximately 5% of companies had the ISO 14001:2015 certification. In the seven actions against climate change considered, the proportion of companies that did not consider them to be current expenses predominated. Cramer's V index, for associating the economic sector and the environmental spend, revealed that certain economic sectors (manufacturing and mining) are contributing significantly to environmental management spending in the areas of air, soil, wastewater and waste treatment, while no economic sector dominates the others in areas such as radiation treatment, the use of mineral or energy resources and water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkey ranks among the top five olive oil-producing countries in the world, and the olive crop plays a crucial role in its economy, economically, environmentally, and socially. One of the primary challenges facing the agricultural sector is its profitability. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse the olive sector in terms of economic efficiency, to identify productive and organizational variables directly associated with higher economic efficiency. Data were obtained from 193 organizations in the sector. A dual methodology is employed, comprising Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and, subsequently, Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). The findings highlight the relevance of variables such as organization size, irrigation usage, focus on olive oil, or cultivation on sloping terrain as factors associated with a higher level of economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on economic research, particularly in analyzing the effects of the virus on entire economies, specific sectors, and individual businesses. While there have been numerous studies on the pandemic's impact on the labor market, various economic sectors, and the environment, there remains a gap in research exploring the relationship between economics and linguistic aspects, such as language. Aim: The purpose of this article is to address this research gap by examining the connection between language and economics. Specifically, the authors focus on the influence of linguistic variables on economic categories. In this study, the authors adopt the perspective that language can affect economic activities and aim to analyze how the grammatical form used in communication influences the assessment of the effectiveness of economic policy. By exploring this aspect, the article aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between language and economics. Results: Authors show that language may also be an essential framing instrument, while various grammatical moods affect the perception of messages that concern economic issues differently and are perceived differently depending on the level of identification with a given policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article is focused on the politics of indigeneity, which is an increasingly important concept and a central area of dispute in a globalised world. Indigeneity encapsulates the friction between ethnicity and class identities, which cannot be understood without a full consideration of differences and relationships between landowners, other economic sectors, non-indigenous workers and indigenous people. The text specifically deals with the circumstances of Paraguay, whose process of nation building is directly related to longitudinal attacks on its indigenous peoples and the unresolved problems of land, labour and rights. The case study investigates the long-term tendencies of Paraguayan society, in particular, the ongoing expansion of agribusiness and land grabbing in the northeast of the country that tragically affect the Paĩ Tavyterã indigenous people. The discussion is based on qualitative, engaged research over several years, which considered the indigenous population as co-investigators and active socio-political players. The conclusion is that, despite the fact that Paraguay is a major exporter of primary commodities, the prevailing geographical force is the accumulation of multiple forms of social, ecological and even economic degradation. Against those perverse trends, the important reaction of the Paĩ Tavyterã, as well as of other indigenous peoples, and their struggle to recover their land and socio-ecological relations greatly complicate national politics and challenge the hegemony of export-oriented agribusiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This perspective article delves into the critical role of hydrogen as a sustainable energy carrier in the context of the ongoing global energy transition. Hydrogen, with its potential to decarbonize various sectors, has emerged as a key player in achieving decarbonization and energy sustainability goals. This article provides an overview of the current state of hydrogen technology, its production methods, and its applications across diverse industries. By exploring the challenges and opportunities associated with hydrogen integration, we aim to shed light on the pathways toward achieving a sustainable hydrogen economy. Additionally, the article underscores the need for collaborative efforts among policymakers, industries, and researchers to overcome existing hurdles and unlock the full potential of hydrogen in the transition to a low-carbon future. Through a balanced analysis of the present landscape and future prospects, this perspective article aims to contribute valuable insights to the discourse surrounding hydrogen's role in the global energy transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agri-food sector worldwide is the most important for life. The recent pandemic made it clear that the best way to resist, overcome and adapt to health problems is by maintaining a healthy, adequate and balanced diet. Currently, food comes almost entirely from agri-food systems, the problem is that the agri-food sector subordinated to an economic and scientificmodel with very clear interests and objectives. In this sense, the aim of this work was to carry out an analysis of the logic, dynamics and relationship between science, technology, agri-food systems, health and wellbeing from the perspective of Social Studies of Science and Technology. With what is intended contribute to the debate on the future and the strategic transformation of agri-food systems. As a first point, an exploration of the evolution and trends of science and technology in the agri-food sector is carried out. Next, an analysis is developed on the importance of agri-food systems and the ways in which they have been configured. Subsequently, the relationship between food and health and the main implications and damage caused by the current agri-food regime are addressed. Based on the above, some alternatives are proposed to improve nutrition, health and wellbeing. These alternatives imply, on the one hand, a profound reconfiguration of technological systems, orienting them toward the reproduction of life. Secondly, and as a consequence of the above, a reorganization of the economic and social systems. To achieve this, it is advisable to design a policy that promotes sustainable agri-food systems and integrate broad work and research groups that allow addressing these problems and proposing alternatives from different perspectives. Finally, it is important to design and implement science dissemination programs on the relationships, controversies, tensions and problems that exist between scientific and technological development and the agri-food sector, health and wellbeing with the aim of having a true impact on the society and a genuine social appropriation of knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, there is no consensus on the effects of regulation on economic growth. In this document, we analyze the relationship between regulation and economic growth for Colombia, using data on the accumulation of regulation and real GDP during the 1991-2019 period for nine large productive sectors of the Colombian economy. Different models are estimated using time series and panel data techniques to present evidence at the economic sector level. The results show that, for some sectors, such as agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water, commerce, restaurants and hotels, financial and business services and community, social and personal services, there exists an inverted U relationship between regulatory accumulation and GDP. These results offer important lessons for those responsible for the design and formulation of public policies on matters of regulatory improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Blue Economy is a relatively new concept. In 2010, Günter Pauli coined this term to refer to an economic development where a waste is raw material for a process, using the cycles of the natural world as an example. Currently, the Blue Economy is a much more broad and transversal concept and is strongly related to maritime economic sectors, from maritime transport to off-shore renewable energies through port operations. In short, the Blue Economy encompasses classic sectors such as shipbuilding together with more innovative concepts in the ports, such as digitalization, innovation, or energy transition. In this research, a new tool is developed which, as its main objective, can obtain a degree of implementation of the dimensions of the Blue Economy in Spanish ports through the evaluation of each of the economic sectors that constitute the B.E. in the 28 Spanish port authorities. To this end, a Delphi panel has been used to determine the importance of each economic dimension, a database has also been generated to determine the state of development of these dimensions in each port, and some equations have been developed to determine in base 100 how developed each port is. The results obtained show a notable development in the average of Spanish ports, highlighting Las Palmas as the port that has most developed the Blue Economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saudi Art & Design Journal is the property of Saudi Art & Design Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Económico de ICE is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We study how jumps spillover and the cross-company impact of firm-specific unscheduled news on jumps between economic sectors. To this end, we employ high-frequency data of 220 constituents of the Russell 3000 index equally divided into eleven sectors. Using conditional jump probabilities, we find that jump spillover is a pervasive phenomenon enhanced when jumps cluster and that firm-specific news, especially from the financial sector, boosts the jump spillover effect. Volatility following spillover jumps is significantly higher than usual, except when firm-specific news is released around the jump provoking the spillover.