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Digital green innovation (DGI) is crucial for high-pollution enterprises to improve green performance. However, there is a paradox regarding the impact of environmental regulations on DGI, primarily due to the varied effects of diverse regulatory tools. To resolve this paradox, based on Neoclassical Economics and the Porter Hypothesis, we empirically examine the influence of heterogeneous environmental regulations on DGI using a sample of high-pollution enterprises in China. The conclusions indicate that environmental protection tax has a pushing-forward effect on DGI, while environmental protection subsidy has a crowding-out effect. Moreover, enterprises' resource base and technological innovation capability positively moderate the impact of environmental protection tax. External pressure, internal incentives, pandering to governments, and managerial opportunism have mediating effects. Our research offers a new perspective to resolve the paradox of the effect of environmental regulations on DGI, explores potential mechanism as well as boundary condition, and proposes a new way of measuring DGI of enterprises with patents. Accordingly, we offer valuable policy recommendations about the formulation of environmental regulations, the facilitation of DGI, and the advancement of China's ecological civilization.

Corporate social responsibility(CSR) is becoming increasingly important in the field of corporate sustainability. However, despite the growing literature on CSR, there is a paucity of empirical evidence examining external environmental pressures. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring the relationship between CSR and green exploratory innovation from the perspective of three types of environmental regulations: mandatory, market-driven, and voluntary regulations. Using Chinese-listed companies from 2010 to 2019 as original data, we examined the impacts of CSR on green exploratory innovation of firms and the moderating effects of the three regulations using a moderating effect model. The results concluded that CSR could significantly stimulate firms to engage in green exploratory innovation. Mandatory and market-driven regulations exhibited positive moderating effects, and market-driven regulations have a greater impact on CSR strategies. In contrast, voluntary regulations showed a negative moderating effect. Our study will be of great value to companies under external environmental pressure and will provide a new path to achieve sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The necessity for politicians to take action to prevent environmental pollution and combat environmental pollution and corruption is made clear by the rise in environmental pollution and corruption that results from growing economic activity and development in emerging countries. The correlation between economic growth, corruption, and environmental harm has been studied for groupings of high-income emerging countries for this reason. The inverted U-shaped correlation between economic growth and environmental pollution is valid for MIST but not for BRCS because of empirical studies taking cross-section dependency into account and assessing the long-term relationship. Additionally, corruption has been demonstrated to worsen environmental contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the impact of environmental regulations on the clean product exports of firms and the mechanism of this impact from the dual perspectives of the extensive and intensive margins. It uses matched micro data and aims to explore the clean road to international trade. According to the benchmark regression, environmental regulations improve the export intensity of clean products. However, their impact on the export probability of clean products is not significant. That is, environmental regulations promote the intensive margin of enterprise clean product exports but do not promote the extensive margin of enterprise clean product exports. The mechanism analysis shows that the cost effect is an important way for environmental regulations to promote the cleanliness of export products. However, the channel of technological innovation is not verified. In addition, compared with command-and-control and voluntary public policy tools, market-inspired environmental regulations have a stronger promoting effect on the cleanliness of export enterprises. This study provides microevidence and a policy basis for improving the environmental policy system and for the sustainable development of international trade.

The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is the most important ecological barrier and economical area in China. A national strategy of China now encompasses the ecological preservation and high-quality development of the YRB. Environmental regulation is a key strategy to reduce the environmental resources consumption generated by economic expansion in the YRB and to achieve economic and environmental synergistic development. Provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020 of nine provinces in the YRB were utilized to construct an economic-water system in the YRB. Coupled and econometric models were combined to explore the relationship between economic development and greywater footprint loads (GWFL) in the YRB. Moreover, different types of environmental regulations variables were introduced into the model to reveal the moderating effect. The results showed that 1) Each province in the YRB exhibits a different level of coupling coordination and exhibits variability. 2) In the YRB, the association between GWFL and economic growth displayed an inverted “N” curve. The baseline regression results remain robust after controlling for the spatial spillover and time-lagged effects of economic development on GWFL. 3) Environmental regulations will accelerate the inhibitory effect of economic development on GWFL. This study can offer valuable policy insights in achieving the synergistic improvement of both environmental and economic quality.

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The article focuses on a synthetic presentation of environmental legislation and policies at national and European level, based on the analysis of government strategies that aim to improve living standards through education starting from an early level, through the implementation of waste management resulting from industrial and domestic activities, through the modernization of the rural environment as a result of the financing of water supply, access programme to alternative energy and specifically gas.

Abstract This paper investigates the influence of environmental regulations on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). We first develop a simple model to show that an increase in emission tax in the domestic market induces firm‐level foreign direct investment (FDI) activities. We next take advantage of China's 11th Five‐Year Plan as a quasi‐natural experiment, which imposed different pollution reduction targets across provinces, and examine its impact on firm‐level FDI activities. Our results indicate that more stringent environmental regulations encourage firm‐level FDI participation. Furthermore, (1) firms are more likely to carry out FDI in developing countries instead of developed ones; (2) Compared with distribution‐oriented FDI, firms are more likely to engage in production‐oriented FDI. All results remain robust after controlling for possible policy endogeneity, missing variables, and expectation effect issues, which provides positive support for the pollution haven hypothesis.

Conducting research into the multifaceted aspects of environmental regulation and the pivotal role played by digitalization in promoting sustainable innovation represents an invaluable compass guiding the path toward green development. However, it receives little attention in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). This study examines the impact of environmental regulations on sustainable innovation in SMEs and the moderating role of digitalization. Findings from a panel of 871 SMEs over the period 2012-2020 reveal that command control and public-participative regulations have a U-shaped relationship with green innovation in SMEs, with digital tools accelerating their effects. Market-incentive regulations exhibit an inverted U-shaped effect, with digitalization enhancing the benefits of pursuing green incentives. These insights emphasize the importance of tailored approaches that consider regulatory diversity and the transformative potential of digitalization in promoting green development within SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the vital link between manufacturing firms and the environment, delving into the intricate connections among factors affecting these firms. Specifically, it investigates how the environmental performance of manufacturing firms is shaped by their adoption of environmental management practices and the regulatory environment in which they operate. Design/methodology/approach: Data are currently being collected through a structured questionnaire from employees working in manufacturing firms in Pakistan. Random sampling was used to select the participants. The hypotheses were tested using PLS-SEM analysis. Findings: The study reveals a positive correlation between green manufacturing practices and superior environmental performance. Effective environmental management systems further help firms reduce their environmental footprint. External environmental regulations play a significant role as moderators, influencing the strength and direction of the relationship between green manufacturing, environmental management and environmental performance. Practical implications: The practical implications offer valuable insights and guidance for manufacturing companies seeking to improve their environmental responsibility and performance. Additionally, policymakers gain insights into how regulatory frameworks can be designed or modified to better support sustainability efforts within the manufacturing sector. Originality/value: This study offers timely insights for sustainable business practices, aligning with corporate responsibility efforts. It contributes to both academic knowledge and provides actionable guidance for fostering environmentally responsible practices in the manufacturing sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using panel data of Chinese manufacturing enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2015 to 2021, we examine the effects of heterogeneous environmental regulations on the green transformation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises under “Double Carbon” target, and reveal the mediating role played by managers' green perception in the process from an intra-firm perspective. We find that three environmental regulation tools, namely environmental administrative supervision, environmental economic regulation and environmental soft constraint, all contribute significantly to the green transformation of manufacturing enterprises. Among them, environmental economic regulation is the most effective in promoting the green transformation of manufacturing enterprises, followed by environmental soft constraint and environmental administrative supervision. The mechanism analysis shows that managers' green perception is partially mediated between heterogeneous environmental regulations and the green transformation of manufacturing enterprises. Moreover, environmental administrative supervision is the most effective in raising managers' green perception among them, followed by environmental economic regulation and environmental soft constraint. Further analysis shows that the positive effect of heterogeneous environmental regulations on the green transformation of Chinese manufacturing enterprises is more significant when the enterprises locate in regions with high policy uncertainty, in the eastern part of the country, or when the enterprises are state-owned enterprises. The conclusions provide a theoretical basis for Chinese environmental policymakers to flexibly adopt differentiated environmental regulation tools.