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With the growing emphasis on green chemistry and the ecological environment, researchers are increasingly paying attention to greening materials through the use of carbon-based solid acids. The diverse characteristics of carbon-based solid acids can be produced through different preparation conditions and modification methods. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of the current research progress on carbon-based solid acids, encompassing common carbonization methods, such as one-step, two-step, hydrothermal, and template methods. The composition of carbon source material may be the main factor affecting its carbonization method and carbonization temperature. Additionally, acidification types including sulfonating agent, phosphoric acid, heteropoly acid, and nitric acid are explored. Furthermore, the functions of carbon-based solid acids in esterification, hydrolysis, condensation, and alkylation are thoroughly analyzed. This study concludes by addressing the existing drawbacks and outlining potential future development prospects for carbon-based solid acids in the context of their important role in sustainable chemistry and environmental preservation.

With the continuous development of the needs of The Times, animation is no longer limited to entertainment art or specific audience groups, but should pay more attention to how to enrich its connotation. To popularize the development status of Northeast China’s rural areas and the living conditions of farmers through animation, and to popularize the development status of Northeast China’s rural areas and the living conditions of farmers through realistic animation will play its role in popular science. This practice also highlights the value and social responsibility of animation artists, and provides a broader space and innovation opportunities for the development of the animation field.

There is a profound transformation in museum exhibition design. The ubiquitous digital media technology is driving the rapid evolution and development of museums. This trend is particularly evident in the need for diverse presentation methods to facilitate a high level of interaction and integration between audiences and exhibits. This research aims to explore the application of digital media technology in museum exhibition design, with the National Museum of Singapore as the research object. Through an in-depth examination of the digitalized exhibition projects in the National Museum of Singapore, insights can be acquired into how these technologies have changed the exhibition methods of museums and enriched the visitors’ experience. This thesis will focus on the application, impact, and potential future development trends of digital media technology in museum exhibition design. The findings of this study can serve as valuable experiences and insights for other museums in the application of digital media technology.

In the context of intelligent power consumption, household users can promote the safe, stable and economic operation of the power system by participating in electricity demand response and obtain additional benefits. Therefore, a strategy for demand response based on family agglomeration is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the concept of family clustering is proposed to manage the aggregation of residents' families into communities and to design the response mechanism on the residents' side. Secondly, considering the residents' electricity consumption habits and influencing factors during demand response, the responding load function of household electricity consumption is constructed, which quantifies the potential of household demand response. On this basis, a response strategy is designed which takes both the degree of completion and user experience into account. Finally, three specific indicators are proposed to evaluate the response strategy, namely task completion rate, user discomfort and economic benefits. An example is given to verify the effectiveness and economy of the proposed strategy.

Abstract Acupuncture is widely used around the whole world nowadays and exhibits significant efficacy against many chronic diseases, especially in pain-related diseases. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), its implementation into acupuncture has achieved a series of significant breakthroughs in many areas of acupuncture practice, such as acupoints selection and prescription, acupuncture manipulation identification, acupuncture efficacy prediction, and so on. The paper will discuss the significant theoretical and technical achievements in AI-directed acupuncture. AI-based data mining methods uncovered crucial acupoint combinations for treating various diseases, which provide a scientific basis for acupoints prescription in clinical practice. Furthermore, the rapid development of modern TCM instruments facilitates the integration of modern medical instruments, AI techniques, and acupuncture. This integration significantly improves the quantification, objectification, and standardization of acupuncture as well as the delivery of clinical personalized acupuncture therapy. Machine learning-based clinical efficacy prediction of acupuncture can help doctors screen patients who may benefit from acupuncture treatment. However, the existing challenges require additional work for developing AI-directed acupuncture. Some include a better understanding of ancient Chinese philosophy for AI researchers, TCM acupuncture theory-based explanation of the knowledge discoveries, construction of acupuncture databases, and clinical trials for novel knowledge validation. This review aims to summarize the major contribution of AI techniques to the discovery of novel acupuncture knowledge, the improvement for acupuncture safety and efficacy, the development and inheritance of acupuncture, and the major challenges for the further development of AI-directed acupuncture. The development of acupuncture can progress with the help of AI.

Given the development of the digital economy, the shift to digitalization is an inevitable direction for corporate strategic planning. This empirical study investigates the impact of corporate digital strategic orientation on innovation output. It also examines the moderating effects of executive equity and compensation incentives on the relationship between corporate digital strategic orientation and innovation output. We selected a sample of Chinese listed companies and adopted the Heckman two-stage and two-stage least square (2 S LS) methods to control for potential endogenous problems. Our findings indicate that corporate digital strategic orientation significantly enhances innovation output. Additionally, we found that executive compensation and equity incentives positively moderate the impact of corporate digital strategic orientation on innovation output, with equity incentives having a greater moderating effect than compensation incentives. Further analysis shows that the impact of corporate digital strategic orientation on innovation output is greater in non-manufacturing industries and non-state-owned enterprises. Our study provides policy insights on how companies can enhance their innovation capability in the digital economy.

BACKGROUND The quality of rapeseed and the degree of heavy metal pollution are directly related to human health. Monitoring the content of toxic elements such as As, Sb, Cd, and Tl in rapeseed is helpful for early monitoring of raw materials for edible oil production. OBJECTIVES To avoid the cumbersome pretreatment of strong acid digestion, quickly determine the accurate content of volatile toxic elements such as As, Sb, Cd, and Tl in rapeseed, and to solve the challenge of pretreatment due to the heavy fat content of grains, oils, and foods. METHODS A suspension-emulsion synergistic sample preparation technique was used to investigate conditions affecting suspension-emulsion, and a homogeneous and stable slurry-emulsion solution (SES) system was prepared. In the electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) with high sampling efficiency, the temperature-programmed parameters and the dosage of improver palladium nitrate were all optimized. SES was directly injected, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine As, Sb, Cd and Tl. RESULTS The overall reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD) of the suspension-emulsion sampling-ETV-ICP-MS detection method were 10.1%, 8.8%, 8.9% and 6.4% [c=0.5% (m/V), n=5] for As, Sb, Cd and Tl, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the limits of detection (3σ) were 40.0ng/L, 20.0ng/L, 50.0ng/L and 10.0ng/L for As, Sb, Cd and Tl, respectively. Accordingly, the limits of detection for the original solid samples were 8.0ng/g, 4.0ng/g, 10.0ng/g and 2.0ng/g for As, Sb, Cd and Tl, respectively. The contents of As, Sb, Cd and Tl in tested rapeseed samples were 50.4-90.5ng/g, 28.0-59.9ng/g, 51.3-69.1ng/g and 91.3-216.6ng/g, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The suspension-emulsion synergistic treatment of rapeseed with high oil content is simple, fast, and cost efficient. It utilizes the advantages of ETV sampling and promotes the application of ETV-ICP-MS solid sampling analysis.

In 2011, the FDA approved ipilimumab, the first immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI), targeting CTLA-4, opening the field of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT). ICIs can induce durable clinical responses and improve survival in selected population. However, significant challenges still remain, including mechanisms of resistance, patient selection, management of serious immune-related adverse events, and rational therapeutic combinations. This review surveys the current understanding of response and resistance to ICIs and proposes a path forward to improving efficacy and minimizing toxicities.

Objectives Fertilizers were manufactured using red mud, petroleum refining desulfurized gypsum, and recycled sulfuric acid, which are byproducts generated from industrial activities. The chemical properties and heavy metals were analyzed for fertilizers feasibility evaluating, and growth indicators were investigated through lettuce growth experiments and the possibility of agricultural utilizing was determined. Methods After mixing gypsum with Red Mud at 30 wt% and 50 wt%, fertilizers neutralized at pH 6-7 using regenerated sulfuric acid (RMG30, RMG50) were prepared, and their chemical and heavy metal content were analyzed. In addition, growth indicators (e.g., germination rate, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, etc.) were investigated through lettuce growth in soil mixed with 5 to 15% of each fertilizer sample, and agricultural availability for crop growth was assessed. Results and Discussion Red mud and gypsum mixtures were neutralized by RMG30 and RMG50 within the pH range of 6-7. The contents of heavy metals in the soil of the control and the treatment mixed with RMG30 and RMG50 were all below the concern standards (1 area), and the pH and EC of the treatment soil increased as the amount of fertilizer was injected into the soil. The pH of the soil in growing lettuce was observed to be 6.02 to 8.38, and in most experimental districts, including control soil, it was not included in the growth-affected pH range (pH 5.5 or less, pH 8.0 or higher). The EC of the treatment soil was 8.85 to 20.2 dS/m. In 5% and 10% treatments of RMG50, some growth indices (leaf length) to be higher than those of untreated. And higher growth indicators were observed in RMG50 processing than in RMG30 processing. Conclusion There is no concern about soil pollution caused by heavy metals contained in fertilizers. It is judged that agricultural use will be possible if RMG50 is adjusted to the appropriate EC value of the crop to be grown or used in a salt tolerance crop.

Abstract Background Obesity is a well-known modified risk factor for isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), but evidence is lacking regarding whether the combination of anthropometric and lipid indicators could strengthen their correlation with ISH. Therefore, we compared the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product index (LAP), and cardiometabolic index (CMI) with ISH. Methods A total of 106,248 adults who received routine health screening and did not have diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg were recruited in this cross-sectional study. The associations between these indicators and ISH were evaluated using multivariate regression. Results Each standard deviation (SD) increase in traditional obesity indicators (especially WHR and WHtR) had significantly higher multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) than each SD increase in lipid-related obesity indicators. In addition, multivariate-adjusted ORs for ISH in the third (vs. the first) tertile of traditional obesity indicators were also significantly higher than those of lipid-related indicators. Moreover, traditional obesity indicators exhibited a higher area under the ROC curve for discriminating ISH than lipid-related obesity indicators. Conclusions Traditional obesity indicators were more strongly associated with ISH than lipid-related obesity indicators among Chinese adults.

Immunotherapy can reverse tumor immune escape by suppressing immune checkpoints. Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) is an important checkpoint and its role in colorectal cancer is not clear. In this study, we investigated LAG3 protein expression and its correlation with clinicopathologic parameters. The expression of LAG3 protein was assessed in 150 surgically resected colorectal cancer tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between LAG3 expression and clinicopathological parameters, MSI status and survival was statistically analyzed. LAG3 protein was not expressed in colorectal cancer cells, and was expressed on the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 31 out of 150 (20.7%) colorectal cancer samples. Positive expression of LAG3 in TILs is associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), TNM stage (p = 0.024) and MSI-H (p = 0.035). No significant relationship was found between LAG3 expression and gender, age, tumor location, tumor invasion depth, and differentiation. LAG3 expression is associated with longer overall survival (p = 0.045). Our data show LAG3 expression on TILs in parts of CRC tissue. Positive expression of LAG3 was associated with advanced tumor stage, MSI-H and a poor prognosis. We conclude that LAG3 is an important checkpoint gene in CRC and may be a potential marker for prognosis of CRC.

Due to the strong ability of recognizing electromagnetic (EM) environment and adaptively control of EM waves, the intelligent metasurfaces have received great attention recently. However, the intelligent metasurface with frequency recognition for adaptive manipulation of the EM waves has not been studied. Here, we propose a frequency-recognition intelligent metasurface to precisely control the spatial EM waves under the agile frequencies with the help of a real-time radio-frequency sensor and an adaptive feedback control system. An active meta-atom is presented to reach 2 bit phase coding and 1 bit amplitude coding capacities to control the amplitude and phase independently. Experimental results demonstrate that the metasurface can recognize different frequency of the incoming wave with very high resolution, and can adaptively realize the self-defined multiple frequency agilities to manipulate the reflected EM waves without any human participation. As example, the intelligent metasurface with frequency recognition can adaptively operate wave absorption at 5.36 GHz, reflection to normal direction at 5.38 GHz, deflection to −30° at 5.40 GHz, random diffusion at 5.42 GHz, and deflection to +33° at 5.44 GHz by detecting the incoming frequency at the resolution of 0.02 GHz.

Signal detection in massive MIMO systems faces many challenges. The minimum mean square error (MMSE) approach for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications offer near to optimal recognition but require inverting the high-dimensional matrix. To tackle this issue, a Gauss–Seidel (GS) detector based on conjugate gradient and Jacobi iteration (CJ) joint processing (CJGS) is presented. In order to accelerate algorithm convergence, the signal is first initialized using the optimal initialization regime among the three options. Second, the signal is processed via the CJ Joint Processor. The pre-processed result is then sent to the GS detector. According to simulation results, in channels with varying correlation values, the suggested iterative scheme’s BER is less than that of the GS and the improved iterative scheme based on GS. Furthermore, it can approach the BER performance of the MMSE detection algorithm with fewer iterations. The suggested technique has a computational complexity of O(U2), whereas the MMSE detection algorithm has a computational complexity of O(U3), where U is the number of users. For the same detection performance, the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is an order of magnitude lower than that of MMSE. With fewer iterations, the proposed algorithm achieves a better balance between detection performance and computational complexity.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The in-depth study of genes and metabolites related to nucleotide metabolism will provide new ideas for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients. This study integrated the transcriptome data of different cancer types to explore the characteristics and significance of nucleotide metabolism-related genes (NMGRs) in different cancer types. Then, we constructed a new HCC classifier and prognosis model based on HCC samples from TCGA and GEO, and detected the gene expression level in the model through molecular biology experiments. Finally, nucleotide metabolism-related products in serum of HCC patients were examined using untargeted metabolomics. A total of 97 NMRGs were obtained based on bioinformatics techniques. In addition, a clinical model that could accurately predict the prognostic outcome of HCC was constructed, which contained 11 NMRGs. The results of PCR experiments showed that the expression levels of these genes were basically consistent with the predicted trends. Meanwhile, the results of untargeted metabolomics also proved that there was a significant nucleotide metabolism disorder in the development of HCC. Our results provide a promising insight into nucleotide metabolism in HCC, as well as a tailored prognostic and chemotherapy sensitivity prediction tool for patients.

Heavy metal pollution in rivers and lakes arising due to rapid economic development has been extensively studied by various countries due to its direct impact on ecological health and human well-being. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and systematic reviews addressing the current research status of this subject. In this study, we conducted a visual metrological analysis of the literature from 2001 to 2021 using the Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) citation databases. The results show that studies conducted in other countries initially outnumbered those in China; after 2010, China emerged as the foremost contributor. Furthermore, both the WoS and CNKI databases indicate active engagement of Chinese researchers through a significant proportion of published papers on metal research, with prominent contributions coming from institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and University CAS. Nevertheless, Chinese research institutions still have relatively low total paper citation numbers and have yet to establish themselves as key players in international scientific research efforts. Additionally, core authors from different countries share substantial similarities in their research directions and focuses. Consistent research hotspots regarding heavy metals in rivers and lakes were identified across both databases, including heavy metal pollution, adsorption, human activities, water quality, and sediment.

ObjectiveTo study the effects of Baduanjin training on the gait and balance function of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to explore Baduanjin training as an effective exercise intervention for PD patients.MethodsA total of 63 patients with mild to moderate PD who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 32 cases in the control group and 31 cases in the treatment group according to the random number table method. The control group was given to maintain the previous conventional drug treatment plan, and the treatment group received 3 weeks of Baduanjin training on the basis of conventional drug treatment. Gait indicators and balance indicators were used to evaluate, analyze and compare the two groups of patients before the test and 3 weeks after the test.Results1) IDEEA gait indicators: there was no statistically significant difference in gait indicators between the two groups before the test (P>0.05); after 3 weeks, compared with those before the test, the two gait indexes of cycle time and stride duration in the treatment group were improved, and the differences were statistically significant (PP>0.05); the cycle time and stride duration of the treatment group were respectively (1.30±0.32) s and (645.90±156.65) ms, which were better than those of the control group (1.56±0.38) s and (765.05±158.93) ms, and the differences were statistically significant (PP>0.05); the scores and grades of balance test in the treatment group were improved after 3 weeks of the test compared with those before the test (PP>0.05); the balance test level of the treatment group was 1.00 (1.00, 2.20), which was better than the control group's 2.15 (1.00, 3.83), the difference was statistically significant (P

Background: The introduction of the robotic platform to bariatric surgery has brought forth a novel approach. The purpose of this research was to study the advantages and disadvantages of the combination modes of the robotic arm and laparoscopic instruments in robot-assisted sleeve gastrectomy (RASG). Methods: 9 The clinical data of 12 patients who underwent RASG in the first affiliated hospital of shandong first medical university from December 2019 to September 2020 were analyzed. According to the different combination modes of laparoscopic instruments and robotic arms, they were divided into two groups: the “4 ​+ ​1″ group (n ​= ​6) and the “3 ​+ ​2” group (n ​= ​6). Results: This study evaluated a total of 12 patients. There were no statistically significant differences in patient demographics characteristics and co-morbid disease. The mean operating time (125.3 ​± ​6.5min in 4 ​+ ​1 versus 127 ​± ​8.3min in 3 ​+ ​2, P ​= ​0.601), length of hospital stay (6.3 ​± ​1.0 ​d in 4 ​+ ​1 versus 5.6 ​± ​1.9 ​d in 3 ​+ ​2, P ​= ​0.221),intraoperative blood loss (31.6 ​± ​9.8 ​ml in 4 ​+ ​1 versus 28.3 ​± ​11.7 ​ml in 3 ​+ ​2, P ​= ​0.713), hospital costs (72487.6 ​± ​1135.1 yuan in 4 ​+ ​1 versus 73433.8 ​± ​5301.5 yuan in 3 ​+ ​2, P ​= ​0.12), excess Weight Loss (EWL)% at 1 month after operation (12.4 ​± ​1.9 in 4 ​+ ​1 versus 13.3 ​± ​2.4 in 3 ​+ ​2, P ​= ​0.634)did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: Two modes are both feasible and safe for RASG. The surgeon can choose one mode to perform the operation according to the situation of his team.

Vision loss can occur when the cornea loses transparency or changes shape. The most effective treatment to restore vision is to use full or partial layers of donor cornea for corneal transplantation. However, there is a severe shortage of donor corneas worldwide, with more than 98.5% of patients with corneal blindness waiting for donor corneas. In addition, there exist some problems such as the possibility of infection, allotransplantation immunologic rejection, and other problems after corneal transplantation. Therefore, tissue-engineering corneas have been widely studied over the years as a viable alternative to donor corneas, with different materials and methods. And in nearly ten years, the research has had breakthrough progress. The ultimate goal of the research is to construct a full or partial tissue-engineering graft with good transparency, biocompatibility, and appropriate mechanical strength to repair, regenerate, or replace diseased corneas. This review discusses the research progress and existing problems about the most frequently studied natural biomaterials in recent years. These biomaterials include amniotic membrane, acellular cornea, collagen, and silk. In addition to the future research directions, other challenges related to the biomaterials discussed in this field are illustrated.

Abstract Background Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) arise from neuroendocrine cells and are extremely rare in the biliary tract. Currently, there are no guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary NETs. We presented a case with NETs G1 of the hilar bile duct and the challenges for her treatment. Case presentation A 24-year-old woman was presented to our department with painless jaundice and pruritus, and the preoperative diagnosis was Bismuth type II hilar cholangiocarcinoma. She underwent Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy with excision of the extrahepatic biliary tree and radical lymphadenectomy. Unexpectedly, postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical examination indicated a perihilar bile duct NETs G1 with the microscopic invasion of the resected right hepatic duct. Then the patient received 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (Gemcitabine and tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil potassium capsule). At present, this patient has been following up for 24 months without recurrence or disease progression. Conclusion We know little of biliary NETs because of its rarity. There are currently no guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary NETs. We reported a case of perihilar bile duct NETs G1 with R1 resection, as far as we know this is the first report. More information about biliary NETs should be registered.

The skeleton provides the scaffold to support body weight, enable body movement, control mineral homeostasis, and provide the location for hematopoiesis. Osteoclasts are specialized cells formed by the fusion of committed monocyte/macrophage hematopoietic lineage precursor cells. The importance of osteoclasts in bone homeostasis and health is evidenced by the diseases in which osteoclast formation and function are dysregulated, such as osteoporosis, fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and primary/metastatic bone cancer. All the time, osteoclasts, as "bone eaters", are focused on exploring their role in bone homeostasis and diseases. With the development of single cell labeling and detection technologies and their wide application in the field of bone, the novel concept of osteoclast subtypes and their emerging functions have been continuously uncovered and improved. Cell-cell communication network coordinated by osteoclasts balances bone microenvironment, therefore, from the perspective of network, interpreting the relationship between osteoclasts and bone/joint diseases will help to understand the nature of the diseases better. Finally, we propose osteoclasts controlling-based strategies for rebuilding microenvironmental homeostasis, aiming to bone/cartilage disease intervention and regenerative repair.

Abstract Background The distinction between acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) and secretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is hampered by the lack of specific diagnostic markers. It is known the cytoplasm of glandular cells in the salivary gland immunohistochemically expresses LIM Domain Only 2 (LMO2). Herein, we aim to evaluate the expression status of LMO2 in a large cohort of tumors of the salivary gland, with an emphasis on its significance in the distinction of ACC and SC. Methods Immunohistochemical stains were performed to evaluate the expression of LMO2 in normal tissues and tumors of salivary gland. Results LMO2 was expressed in normal serous acinar cells of the salivary gland. We also found the cytoplasmic immunostaining of LMO2 was specific and sensitive for the recognition of ACCs including those with morphological overlaps with SCs, whereas the cytoplasmic expression of LMO2 was not detected in SCs. Conclusions LMO2 is useful for the recognition of ACC and is of potential value in distinguishing ACC from SC.

Maize crop lodging is a recurrent phenomenon which results in significant reduction of grain yield and quality in addition to the impediment of mechanical harvesting. The large-scale monitoring of maize crop lodging is important for production policy adjustment and agricultural insurance compensation. In this article, we derived a variety of features from multitemporal GaoFen-1 (GF-1) images before and after maize crop lodging. We screened the most sensitive features of the spectrum, texture, and vegetation index to monitor maize crop lodging. The recursive feature elimination method based on cross-validation and mutual information were compared to obtain the optimal feature combination for monitoring the lodging extents of maize crop. The random forest classifier was used to classify the lodging extents. The results showed that the most sensitive features of the spectrum, texture, and vegetation indices of lodging extents included the difference of reflectance in blue, green, and red bands, the difference of normalized difference vegetation index, the difference of ratio vegetation index, the difference of enhanced vegetation index difference, the difference of mean value of blue band, the difference of mean value of green band, and the difference of mean value of red band. The total accuracy of lodging extents classification was 87.50%, and the Kappa coefficient was 0.83 for testing samples. Based on multiple features derived from GF-1 images before and after lodging, the lodging extents of maize crop can be monitored on a large scale.

Currently, the failure rate for internal fixation in patients with osteoporosis can be reduced by antiosteoporosis therapy alone. However, the administration of anti-osteoporotic drugs is not a complete solution. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate other causes of surgical failure, such as inflammation. In recent years, the inflammation caused by macrophage M1 polarization has garnered wide attention. The purpose of this research is to explore the inhibitory effect of avicularin (AL) on macrophage M1 polarization, by which it ameliorates inflammation, thus alleviating implant instability. We established an osteoporosis mouse model of implant loosening. The mouse tissues were taken out for morphological analysis, staining analysis and bone metabolic index analysis. In in vitro experiments, bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) and RAW264.7 cells were polarized to M1 macrophages using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) staining, Western blot (WB) and flow cytometry. WB was also used to analyze the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. In addition, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected in cell supernatant using ELISA kits. Through observation of this experiments, we found that AL can inhibit M1 polarization of macrophages. Moreover, it can significantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factors to improve multiple mouse femur parameters. Furthermore, AL inhibited the phosphorylation of IKBα and P65 in the NF-κB pathway. The above data indicate that AL ameliorates inflammatory responses by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization via its inhibitory effect on the NF-κB pathway, thus alleviating the instability of implants in mice with osteoporosis.

The worldwide prevalence of pancreatic cancer has been rising in recent decades, and its prognosis has not improved much. The imbalance of substance and energy metabolism in tumour cells is among the primary causes of tumour formation and occurrence, which is often controlled by the neuroendocrine system. We applied Cox and LASSO regression analysis to develop a neuroendocrine regulation- and metabolism-related prognostic risk score model with three genes (GSK3B, IL18 and VEGFA) for pancreatic cancer. TCGA dataset served as the training and internal validation sets, and GSE28735, GSE62452 and GSE57495 were designated as external validation sets. Patients classified as the low-risk population (category, group) exhibited considerably improved survival duration in contrast with those classified as the high-risk population, as determined by the Kaplan-Meier curve. Then, we combined all the samples, and divided them into three clusters using unsupervised clustering analysis. Unsupervised clustering, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), and principal component analysis (PCA) were further utilized to demonstrate the reliability of the prognostic model. Moreover, the risk score was shown to independently function as a predictor of pancreatic cancer in both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The results of gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) illustrated that the low-risk population was predominantly enriched in immune-associated pathways. “ESTIMATE” algorithm, single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database showed immune infiltration ratings were enhanced in the low-risk category in contrast with the high-risk group. Tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) database predicted that immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer may be more successful in the high-risk than in the low-risk population. Mutation analysis illustrated a positive link between the tumour mutation burden and risk score. Drug sensitivity analysis identified 44 sensitive drugs in the high- and low-risk population. GSK3B expression was negatively correlated with Oxaliplatin, and IL18 expression was negatively correlated with Paclitaxel. Lastly, we analyzed and verified gene expression at RNA and protein levels based on GENPIA platform, HPA database and quantitative real-time PCR. In short, we developed a neuroendocrine regulation- and metabolism-associated prognostic model for pancreatic cancer that takes into account the immunological microenvironment and drug sensitivity.

Yeast β-glucan is a polysaccharide purified from the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, and its multiple biological activities are essential for immune regulation. However, the effect of β-glucan on the intestinal immune response during colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is unclear. Here, we explore the possible role of β-glucan in the development of CAC. Wild type (WT) mice with CAC induced by azoxmethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) had fewer tumors than untreated mice after oral β-glucan because of increased antitumor dendritic cells (DCs) in the tumor microenvironment, resulting in more CD8+ T cells and the production of related cytokines. β-glucan also increased resistance to DSS-induced chronic colitis by reshaping the inflammatory microenvironment. These data suggest that β-glucan improves experimental intestinal inflammation and delays the development of CAC. Therefore, β-glucan is feasible for treating chronic colitis and CAC in clinical practice.

Because of the relatively limited understanding of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis, immunological analysis for vaccine development is needed. Mice and macaques were immunized with an inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine prepared by two inactivators. Various immunological indexes were tested, and viral challenges were performed on day 7 or 150 after booster immunization in monkeys. This inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was produced by sequential inactivation with formaldehyde followed by propiolactone. The various antibody responses and specific T cell responses to different viral antigens elicited in immunized animals were maintained for longer than 150 days. This comprehensive immune response could effectively protect vaccinated macaques by inhibiting viral replication in macaques and substantially alleviating immunopathological damage, and no clinical manifestation of immunopathogenicity was observed in immunized individuals during viral challenge. This candidate inactivated vaccine was identified as being effective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in rhesus macaques.

Abstract Here, this work presents an air-stable ultrabright inverted organic light-emitting device (OLED) by using zinc ion-chelated polyethylenimine (PEI) as electron injection layer. The zinc chelation is demonstrated to increase the conductivity of the PEI by three orders of magnitude and passivate the polar amine groups. With these physicochemical properties, the inverted OLED shows a record-high external quantum efficiency of 10.0% at a high brightness of 45,610 cd m−2 and can deliver a maximum brightness of 121,865 cd m−2. Besides, the inverted OLED is also demonstrated to possess an excellent air stability (humidity, 35%) with a half-brightness operating time of 541 h @ 1000 cd m−2 without any protection nor encapsulation.

Abstract Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) remains a rare malignancy, ranking as the leading lethal primary liver cancer worldwide. However, the biological functions of integrator complex subunit 8 (INTS8) in CHOL remain unknown. Thus, this research aimed to explore the potential role of INTS8 as a novel diagnostic or therapeutic target in CHOL. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were obtained by the “RRA” package in R software. The “maftools” package was used to visualize the CHOL mutation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of INTS8 was detected by performing quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry in cell lines and human samples. The association between subtypes of tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and INTS8 expression in CHOL was determined by using CIBERSORT tools. We evaluated the correlations between INTS8 expression and mismatch repair (MMR) genes and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in pan-cancer analysis. Finally, the pan-cancer prognostic signature of INTS8 was identified by univariate analysis. We obtained the mutation landscapes of an RRA gene set in CHOL. The expression of INTS8 was upregulated in CHOL cell lines and human CHOL samples. Furthermore, INTS8 expression was closely associated with a distinct landscape of TIICs, MMR genes, and DNMTs in CHOL. In addition, the high INTS8 expression group presented significantly poor outcomes, including overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS) and disease-free interval (DFI) (p

The ligand-tailored SnO2 QDs ETL with multi-functional terminal groups in situ refines the buried interfaces with both the perovskite and transparent electrode via enhanced interface binding and perovskite passivation.

I ncreasing attention has been paid to health condition of the elderly as the fast growth of the elderly population. The Traditional Chinese Medicine external application has advantages of easy-to-use and low cost, and is highly accepted among patients. This paper summarized the current status of Traditional Chinese Medicine external application, such as moxibustion, auricular acupoint pressing therapy and Chinese Herbal medicine footbath, in integrated pension and medical service of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the elderly, and provides reference for the establishment and practice of pension and medical service with Traditional Chinese Medicine techniques. (随着老龄化趋势加重, 老年人群的健康问题是社会关注的重点。中医外治法具有操作简便、医疗成本低等优势, 患者更易于接受。本文总结了在中医药医养结合养老服务中的应用现状, 包括艾灸、耳穴压豆、中药足浴等中医特色技术, 旨在为改善老年人生活状况, 提高生存质量, 为中医外治法与医养结合相结合的养老服务提供参考。)

The pseudotachylite in granulite facies granitic gneisses from the Hamm Peak, southwestern Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, occurs along the east-west-trending ductile-brittle shear zone. The characteristics of microstructure show that the pseudotachylite was formed by the frictional-melt during the rapid faulting along the paleoseismic zone. This inference is supported by the common presence of spherulites and different morphological microlites, such as skeletal, dendritic, acicular and globular in the matrix of pseudotachylite. There exist two kinds of microlite mineral assemblage. One consists mainly of hyperite and plagioclase, which developed in the northeastern part of the shear zone. The other consists of biotite, plagioclase, alkali feldspar and quartz, etc, which developed in the southwestern part of the shear zone. The occurrence of different kinds of microlite mineral assemblage indicates the differences of tectonic surrounding and stress distribution along different parts of the shear zone. Moreover, the presence of aluminous-rich hyperite may indicates the relatively high temperature and high pressure in the ambient physical condition during the pseudotachylite formation and crystallization afterwards, i.e., under the granulite facies conditions. The K-Ar age of bulk matrix of pseudotachylite is 878.1±16.8 Ma. Bulk 40Ar/39Ar step-heating release spectrum gave the varying ages mainly from 925 to 626 Ma. Combined with the regional comparison, we conclude that the pseudotachylite formed during the Grenvillian tectonic events.

Ensuring the safety of rural drinking water is a basic component of poverty alleviation in China. Studying the strategy for ensuring drinking water safety in areas that were lifted out of poverty is important for consolidating poverty alleviation achievements and promoting rural revitalization in China. In this article, we study the current situation and problems of rural drinking water in poverty alleviation areas, analyze the causes of the problems, and propose strategic objectives and pathways from the aspects of engineering, policy, and mechanism. To guarantee the safety supply of rural drinking water in poverty alleviation areas, we suggest that the drinking water safety policies in these areas should remain stable and constant, the sanitary standards of drinking water in rural areas should be optimized to meet those in urban areas, and a long-term policy focusing on water price should be established for rural water supply.

IntroductionPost-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is one of the most serious complications and causes of death in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. This study aimed to develop a novel machine learning (ML) model based on the light gradient boosting machines (LightGBM) algorithm for predicting PHLF.MethodsA total of 875 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy were randomized into a training cohort (n=612), a validation cohort (n=88), and a testing cohort (n=175). Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) was performed to determine the importance of individual variables. By combining these independent risk factors, an ML model for predicting PHLF was established. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and decision curve analyses (DCA) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the ML model and compare it to that of other noninvasive models.ResultsThe AUCs of the ML model for predicting PHLF in the training cohort, validation cohort, and testing cohort were 0.944, 0.870, and 0.822, respectively. The ML model had a higher AUC for predicting PHLF than did other non-invasive models. The ML model for predicting PHLF was found to be more valuable than other noninvasive models.ConclusionA novel ML model for the prediction of PHLF using common clinical parameters was constructed and validated. The novel ML model performed better than did existing noninvasive models for the prediction of PHLF.

Despite widespread attention on the significance of green supply chain integration (GSCI), there is still limited research on how GSCI can improve firms’ green innovation performance. From the perspective of the natural resource-based view and dynamic capability theory, based on the theoretical logic of “resource-capability-performance”, this study aims to explore the relationship between GSCI and firms’ green innovation performance and its intrinsic mechanism. In order to test the research model, this study collected survey data from 405 Chinese manufacturing firms and tested them by using hierarchical regression and bootstrap analysis. The results show that all three dimensions of GSCI, namely, green internal integration, green supplier integration, and green customer integration, have positive effects on supply chain agility. In addition, supply chain agility has a significant positive impact on green product and process innovation. This study also finds that supply chain agility plays a partially mediating role between all three dimensions of GSCI and green product and process innovation; that is, GSCI can further promote firms’ green innovation performance by improving supply chain agility. The results of this study not only enrich the theoretical research on the driving factors of firms’ green innovation but also provide policy implications for manufacturing firms and government policy-makers regarding the implementation and promotion of green innovation practices.

In today’s commercial-oriented world, intense social attention makes it easier for CEOs to become celebrities. This social escalation and characteristic change of CEOs into celebrities tend to influence their motivation and behavior, and thus the strategic decisions and results of firms. Despite the significance of recognizing CEOs’ social identity, the impact of celebrity CEOs on innovation strategy remains unknown. Integrating identity and upper echelons theories, this study examines and provides empirical evidence on how celebrity CEOs affect firm innovation investment using data of Chinese listed companies from 2015 to 2020. We argue that celebrity CEOs’ engagement in innovation investment is driven by their motivation for preserving celebrity status. Further, we show that analyst coverage plays a positive moderating role between celebrity CEOs and innovation investment, and the positive effect of celebrity CEOs on innovation investment becomes weaker in state-owned enterprises. This study confirms the important role of CEOs’ specific social identity in firm innovation strategy, which is motivated by celebrity CEOs’ attempt to maintain their established status and reputation. The results expand the research on the influencing factors of firm innovation investment that focus on executives’ social characteristics. They also provide managerial implications for board of directors to recruit and supervise a celebrity CEO.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a vital component of the tumor microenvironment, which interplays with stromal and tumor cells to stimulate the capacity of cancer cells to proliferate, migrate, invade, and undergo angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the crucial functions of ECM-related genes (ECMGs) in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) have not been systematically evaluated. Hence, a comprehensive evaluation of the ECMGs is required in pan-cancer, especially in PAAD. First, a pan-cancer overview of ECMGs was explored through the integration of expression profiles, prognostic values, mutation information, methylation levels, and pathway-regulation relationships. Seven ECMGs (i.e. LAMB3, LAMA3, ITGB6, ITGB4, ITGA2, LAMC2, and COL11A1) were identified to be hub genes of PAAD, which were obviously up-regulated in PAAD and considerably linked to tumor stage as well as prognosis. Subsequently, patients with PAAD were divided into 3 clusters premised on ECMG expression and ECM scores. Cluster 2 was the subtype with the best prognosis accompanied by the lowest ECM scores, further verifying ECM’s significant contribution to the pathophysiological processes of PAAD. Significant differences were observed for oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression, immune microenvironment, and chemotherapy sensitivity across three ECM subtypes. After applying a variety of bioinformatics methods, a novel and robust ECM-associated mRNA-lncRNA-based prognostic panel (ECM-APP) was developed and validated for accurately predicting clinical outcomes of patients with PAAD. Patients with PAAD were randomly categorized into the train, internal validation, and external validation cohorts; meanwhile, each patient was allocated into high-risk (unfavorable prognosis) and low-risk (favorable prognosis) populations premised on the expression traits of ECM-related mRNAs and lncRNAs. The discrepancy in the tumor mutation burden and immune microenvironment might be responsible for the difference in prognoses across the high-risk and low-risk populations. Overall, our findings identified and validated seven ECMGs remarkably linked to the onset and progression of PAAD. ECM-based molecular classification and prognostic panel aid in the prognostic assessment and personalized intervention of patients with PAAD.

BackgroundWith the rapid improvement in economy and lifestyle, dietary risk-related diseases have become a public health problem worldwide. However, the health effects of dietary risk over time have not been fully clarified in China. Here, we explored the temporal trends in the death burden of unhealthy dietary habits in China and benchmark dietary risk challenges in China to G20 member states.MethodSex–age-specific burdens due to dietary risk in China were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, including annual numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and summary exposure values (SEVs) during 1990–2019. The variation trend of ASRs was evaluated by estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs).ResultBetween 1990 and 2019, the number of dietary risk-based death and DALYs increased significantly in China with an overall downward trend of ASDR and ASR-DALYs. Ischemic heart disease was the first cause of death from diet, followed by stroke and colon and rectum cancers. Chinese men were at greater risk than women for diet-related death and DALYs. Further analysis showed that a high sodium diet has always been the “No. 1 killer” that threatens the health of Chinese residents. The death burden of dietary risk demonstrated an increasing trend with age, and the peak was reached in people over 75 years. Compared with other G20 countries, Japan and South Korea have the most similar dietary patterns to China with the character of high sodium intake. Notably, decreased whole grain intake, as the primary dietary risk attributable to death and DALYs burden in the United States and European countries, had already ranked second in China's dietary risks.ConclusionChina's dietary burden cannot be ignored. Chinese residents should pay more attention to the collocation of dietary nutrients, especially men and 75+ years (elderly) people. Targeted dietary adjustments can significantly reduce deaths and DALYs in China.

ObjectiveTo study the similarities and differences in the clinical efficacy of aripiprazole and quetiapine in Chinese patients with bipolar depression through meta-analysis. Additionally, to provide evidence of aripiprazole in treatment for bipolar depression.MethodsWe searched Chinese literature related to the study of aripiprazole and quetiapine in treatment for bipolar depression, among which results such as comments, letters, reviews, and case reports were excluded. The clinical efficacy between aripiprazole and quetiapine was synthesized and discussed.ResultA total of 1,546 subjects were included in 17 studies. The random effect model was used to review the data by RevMan 5.2. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the remission rate between patients treated with aripiprazole and quetiapine evidenced by the scale used to evaluate the patients being treated for bipolar depression (221/501 vs. 193/501, Z = 1.12, P = 0.26). But the results also showed that the remission rate of aripiprazole with lithium carbonate was significantly higher than quetiapine with lithium carbonate in the treatment of bipolar depression (111/232 vs. 69/232, Z = 3.92, P < 0.0001). The results showed that the effective rate of aripiprazole was similar to quetiapine (426/572 vs. 386/572, Z = 2.70, P = 0.007). Overall, there was no difference in the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) score between patients treated with aripiprazole and quetiapine (Z = 1.68, P = 0.09). The results also show that the drop-out rate of aripiprazole was similar to quetiapine in the treatment of patients with bipolar depression (Z = 1.80, P = 0.07).ConclusionAs an atypical antipsychotic, aripiprazole may be similar to quetiapine for treating bipolar depression with similar drop-out and higher remission rates when combined with lithium carbonate. However, the results of this study need to be read with caution given the poor quality of collected/analyzed literature.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is burdened with a low 5-year survival rate and high mortality due to a severe lack of early diagnosis methods and slow progress in treatment options. To improve clinical diagnosis and enhance the treatment effects, we applied metabolomics using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a high-resolution mass spectrometer (UHPLC-HRMS) to identify and validate metabolite biomarkers from paired tissue samples of PC patients. Results showed that the metabolic reprogramming of PC mainly featured enhanced amino acid metabolism and inhibited sphingolipid metabolism, which satisfied the energy and biomass requirements for tumorigenesis and progression. The altered metabolism results were confirmed by the significantly changed gene expressions in PC tissues from an online database. A metabolites biomarker panel (six metabolites) was identified for the differential diagnosis between PC tumors and normal pancreatic tissues. The panel biomarker distinguished tumors from normal pancreatic tissues in the discovery group with an area under the curve (AUC) of 1.0 (95%CI, 1.000−1.000). The biomarker panel cutoff was 0.776. In the validation group, an AUC of 0.9000 (95%CI = 0.782–1.000) using the same cutoff, successfully validated the biomarker signature. Moreover, this metabolites panel biomarker had a great capability to predict the overall survival (OS) of PC. Taken together, this metabolomics method identifies and validates metabolite biomarkers that can diagnose the onsite progression and prognosis of PC precisely and sensitively in a clinical setting. It may also help clinicians choose proper therapeutic interventions for different PC patients and improve the survival of PC patients.

ObjectiveThe aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the role of an aggressive intravenous hydration protocol of Lactated Ringer’s solution in patients with mild acute pancreatitis (MAP).MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before August 19, 2022. The clinical outcomes were evaluated using the standard mean difference (SMD), mean difference (MD), risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The primary outcome was clinical improvement, while the secondary outcomes were the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), relief of epigastric abdominal pain, and length of hospital stay (LoH). Statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4. Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group system was used to determine the quality of evidences.ResultsThere were five RCTs with 370 MAP patients included, and the overall methodological quality was moderate. Aggressive hydration protocol was comparable to standard hydration protocol in terms of clinical improvement (RR = 1.33, 95%CI = 0.95–1.87, P = 0.10; very low evidence). Fewer events of SIRS (RR = 0.48, 95%CI = 0.31–0.72, P < 0.001; low evidence) and MODS (RR = 0.34, 95%CI = 0.13–0.91, P = 0.03; moderate evidence) were reported in patients receiving aggressive hydration protocol. Meanwhile, aggressive hydration protocol also significantly relieved epigastric abdominal pain (SMD = −0.53, 95%CI = −0.81 to −0.25, P < 0.001; low evidence) and shorten the LoH (MD = −2.36, 95%CI = −3.17 to −1.55, P < 0.001; low evidence) compared with standard hydration protocol.ConclusionFor patients with MAP, aggressive hydration protocol may be more effective than standard hydration protocol at lowering SIRS and MODS rates, relieving epigastric abdominal pain, and shortening the LoH. Due to the small number of studies that are eligible and poor methodological quality of eligible studies, further studies are required to validate our findings.

Gas production analysis during the thermal runaway (TR) process plays a crucial role in early fire accident detection in electric vehicles. To assess the TR behavior of lithium-ion batteries and perform early warning and risk estimation, gas production and analysis were conducted on LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2/graphite and LiFePO4/graphite cells under various trigger conditions. The findings indicate that the unique gas signals can provide TR warnings earlier than temperature, voltage, and pressure signals, with an advanced warning time ranging from 16 to 26 min. A new parameter called the thermal runaway degree (TRD) is introduced, which is the product of the molar quantity of gas production and the square root of the maximum temperature during the TR process. TRD is proposed to evaluate the severity of TR. The research reveals that TRD is influenced by the energy density of cells and the trigger conditions of TR. This parameter allows for a quantitative assessment of the safety risk associated with different battery types and the level of harm caused by various abuse conditions. Despite the uncertainties in the TR process, TRD demonstrates good repeatability (maximum relative deviation < 5%) and can be utilized as a characteristic parameter for risk estimation in lithium-ion batteries.

Dynamic responses and vibration characteristics of a rotating functionally graded material (FGM) beam with a hollow circular cross-section in the temperature field are investigated in this paper. The material properties of the FGM beam are assumed to be temperature-dependent and vary along the thickness direction of the beam. By considering the rigid-flexible coupling effect, the geometrically nonlinear dynamic equations of a hub–FGM beam system are derived by employing the assumed modes method and Lagrange’s equations. With the high-order coupling dynamic model, the effect of temperature variations under two different laws of motion is discussed, and the free vibration of the system is studied based on the first-order approximate coupling model. This research can provide ideas for the design of space thermal protection mechanisms.

Objective To explore the effective nursing service and technical nursing methods in "One Syndrome and One Product" specialized ward in the Department of Spleen and Stomach Disease. Methods To carry out the humanistic care service of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and the characteristic techniques of TCM: shaking-hands nursing shift, the whole process of accompanying inspection service, TCM needle and stone ironing therapy, and so on. Results Through effective TCM nursing service and techniques, patients' satisfaction with nursing service, patients' satisfaction with nursing technology and nurses' satisfaction with nursing plan were improved, and the average hospital stay was reduced. Conclusion TCM humanistic care service and TCM characteristic nursing techniques can realize the close combination of TCM nursing techniques and clinical application, and the close combination of clinical service ability and " One Syndrome and One Product ", thus establishing an effective joint mode of medical care collaboration and TCM humanistic care. (目的 探讨脾胃病科“一证一品”专科模式病房的有效服务及技术方法。方法 开展中医人文关怀服务及中医特色技术: “握手”交接班、全程陪检服务、砭石熨摩中药透入法等, 通过问卷调查满意度情况。结果 有效的服务及技术提升了患者对护理服务的满意度、患者对护理技术的满意度、护士对护理方案的满意度, 同时降低了平均住院日。结论 中医人文关怀服务及中医特色护理技术可以实现中医护理技术与临床应用紧密结合, 临床服务能力和“一证一品”紧密结合, 建立了有效的医护协同和中医人文关怀联合模式。)

Abstract Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a malignant tumor with high histological heterogeneity. However, the potential mechanism of STAD tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. The purpose of our research was to identify candidate genes associated with the diagnosis, progression, prognosis, and immunotherapeutic targets of STAD. Based on tumor samples from the GSE28541 dataset, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis revealed 16 modules related to STAD stage and grade. The salmon module emerged as the most relevant module (cor = 0.34), and functional enrichment analysis showed that the genes in the salmon were primarily related to major histocompatibility complex, immune response, and cell differentiation. Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7) was recognized as the real hub gene in the salmon module. Compared to normal stomach tissues, the transcriptional and translational levels of TLR7 were significantly elevated in STAD. Receiver operating characteristic curves verified that TLR7 displayed remarkable sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of STAD. The functions of TLR7 were primarily enriched in the regulation of Toll‐like receptor signaling pathway, pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway, and innate immune response. Overexpression of TLR7 tended to indicate more advanced STAD, higher degree of STAD, and poorer prognosis of STAD. In addition, TLR7 expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Somatic copy number alteration of TLR7 was also significantly related to immune cell infiltration. In conclusion, this study revealed the crucial role of TLR7 in STAD and provided new perspectives for the selection of biomarkers, progression and prognosis indicators, and immunotherapeutic targets for STAD.

Background and purpose: It is of great clinical value to search for early biomarkers that can be used to accurately evaluate lymph node metastasis before surgery. This study aimed to investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) omics parameters in predicting cervical cancer lymph node metastasis, and to establish and verify an imaging omics model for preoperative prediction of cervical cancer lymph node metastasis. Methods: The clinical data of 202 patients with non lymph node metastasis and lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer confirmed by postoperative pathological examination in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from June 2015 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. MRI images were selected as T2 weighted images (T2WI) and T1 contrast + (T1C+). Itk-snap software was used for three-dimensional manual segmentation of cervical cancer tumor regions. Through Pyradiomics, an open source Python package, and a Python programming platform Jupyter, imaging omics features were extracted through ten image type systems and 6 feature systems. Among a total of 202 patients with cervical cancer, 104 had no lymph node metastasis, and 98 had lymph node metastasis. Imaging features were extracted from each patient in each group, including 1 923 features from the lymph node metastasis group and no lymph node metastasis group of T2WI sequence, 1 923 features from the lymph node metastasis group and no lymph node metastasis group of T1C+ sequence, and 3 846 features from the lymph node metastasis group and no lymph node metastasis group of T2WI combined with T2WI-T1C+ sequence. Imaging omics label was established and validated by machine learning model. Finally, area under curve (AUC), accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the training set and the test set were used as the quantitative performance of the imaging omics label. Results: The T2WI sequence selected the features in the first 14 for classifier training, with the AUC of the training set=0.810 and the AUC of the test set =0.773. For T1C+ sequence, the first 16 features of feature sequencing were selected for classifier training, with AUC=0.819 in the training set and AUC=0.781 in the test set. In T2WI combined with T1C+sequence, the first 16 features of feature sequencing were selected for classifier training, with AUC=0.841 in the training set and AUC=0.803 in the test set. Conclusion: T2WI combined with T1C+ sequential imaging omics model has a good efficacy in predicting lymph node metastasis of early cervical cancer.