121 results on '"Dessombz A"'
Search Results
102. Double synthèse modale : bilan et perspectives
- Author
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Louis Jezequel, Olivier Dessombz, and Fabrice Thouverez
- Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy - Abstract
Depuis une quinzaine d'annees, l'Equipe D2S (Dynamique des Structures et des Systemes) a mis en oeuvre des methodes de synthese modale specifiques basees sur une formulation hybride des problemes de dynamique. Leur particularite reside dans l'utilisation de modes d'interfaces relies a la notion de modes de branche et dans l'analyse des effets de troncature. L'utilisation conjointe de modes internes, libres ou encastres suivant le choix de la formulation, et des modes d'interfaces permet d'obtenir des modeles dynamiques a tres faible nombre de degres de liberte. En rattachant ces modeles aux problemes intermediaires de Weinstein, il est possible d'analyser leur convergence dans un cadre mathematique rigoureux. La premiere partie de la presentation aura pour objectif d'exposer, de facon synthetique, les divers choix des modeles en precisant leurs avantages respectifs et les procedures qui permettent de les recaler a partir d'essais vibratoire. L'introduction de modes complexes pour decrire l'amortissement des structures et l'extension de la double synthese modale au domaine des moyennes frequences seront egalement presentes afin de faire ressortir l'interet de l'approche proposee. Dans la deuxieme partie de la presentation, une extension de la double synthese modale sera proposee dans le cadre des structures non deterministes. Le premier type de probleme envisage correspond a des assemblages de sous-structures le long d'interface de rigidite aleatoire. Des procedures specifiques basees sur une technique de perturbation ou sur un developpement sur des polynomes chaotiques seront presentees et appliquees a l'analyse dynamique des pots d'echappement. Le second type de problemes etudie correspond a la prise en compte d'incertitudes au niveau d'une ou plusieurs sous-structures. Dans ce cas, une parametrisation des methodes de double synthese modale sera etudiee. Un formulation du type Craig et Bampton sera choisie pour expliciter la procedure. Afin de prouver l'efficacite de l'approche proposee, l'exemple d'un disque aubage sera expose. Dans ce cas d'application industrielle, on introduira comme variable aleatoire une grandeur geometrique associee au vrillage des aubes.
- Published
- 2002
103. Evidence for Photoconductivity Anisotropy in Aligned TiO2 Nanorod Films
- Author
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Dessombz, Arnaud, primary, Pasquier, Claude R., additional, Davidson, Patrick, additional, and Chanéac, Corinne, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
104. Optimization of Secondary Battery Electrodes by Monitoring the Architecture of Electroactive and Conductive Elements: Application to Nickel Hydroxide
- Author
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Hanane Bouayad, Arnaud Dessombz, Loubna Bamoulid, Jean François Hochepied, Claude Delmas, and Liliane Guerlou-Demourgues
- Abstract
not Available.
- Published
- 2011
105. Magnetic Nanorods Confined in a Lamellar Lyotropic Phase
- Author
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Béneut, Keevin, primary, Constantin, Doru, additional, Davidson, Patrick, additional, Dessombz, Arnaud, additional, and Chanéac, Corinne, additional
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
106. Acoustical Radiation Calculation of Complex Structures Using Finite Element Methods
- Author
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Viallet, Marianne, primary, Poume´rol, Ge´rald, additional, Dessombz, Olivier, additional, and Jezequel, Louis, additional
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
107. Double synthèse modale : bilan et perspectives
- Author
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Jezequel, L., primary, Dessombz, O., additional, and Thouverez, F., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
108. ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL SYSTEMS USING INTERVAL COMPUTATIONS APPLIED TO FINITE ELEMENT METHODS
- Author
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DESSOMBZ, O., primary, THOUVEREZ, F., additional, LAÎNÉ, J.-P., additional, and JÉZÉQUEL, L., additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
109. The status of strontium in biological apatites: an XANES/EXAFS investigation.
- Author
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Bazin, Dominique, Dessombz, Arnaud, Nguyen, Christelle, Hang Korng Ea, Lioté, Frédéric, Rehr, John, Chappard, Christine, Rouzière, Stephan, Thiaudiière, Dominique, Reguer, Solen, and Daudo, Michel
- Subjects
- *
OSTEOPOROSIS , *PUBLIC health , *BONE fractures , *LIFE expectancy , *ABSORPTION spectra - Abstract
Osteoporosis represents a major public health problem through its association with fragility fractures. The public health burden of osteoporotic fractures will rise in future generations, due in part to an increase in life expectancy. Strontium-based drugs have been shown to increase bone mass in postmenopausal osteoporosis patients and to reduce fracture risk but the molecular mechanisms of the action of these Sr-based drugs are not totally elucidated. The local environment of Sr2+ cations in biological apatites present in pathological and physiological calcifications in patients without such Sr-based drugs has been assessed. In this investigation, X-ray absorption spectra have been collected for 17 pathological and physiological calcifications. These experimental data have been combined with a set of numerical simulations using the ab initio FEFF9 X-ray spectroscopy program which takes into account possible distortion and Ca/Sr substitution in the environment of the Sr2+ cations. For selected samples, Fourier transforms of the EXAFS modulations have been performed. The complete set of experimental data collected on 17 samples indicates that there is no relationship between the nature of the calcification (physiological and pathological) and the adsorption mode of Sr2+ cations (simple adsorption or insertion). Such structural considerations have medical implications. Pathological and physiological calcifications correspond to two very different preparation procedures but are associated with the same localization of Sr2+ versus apatite crystals. Based on this study, it seems that for supplementation of Sr at low concentration, Sr2+ cations will be localized into the apatite network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
110. Combining μX-ray fluorescence, μXANES and μXRD to shed light on Zn2+ cations in cartilage and meniscus calcifications.
- Author
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Dessombz, Arnaud, Nguyen, Christelle, Ea, Hang-Korng, Rouzière, Stephan, Foy, Eddy, Hannouche, Didier, Réguer, Solene, Picca, Frederic-Emmanuel, Thiaudière, Dominique, Lioté, Frédéric, Daudon, Michel, and Bazin, Dominique
- Subjects
X-ray fluorescence ,CARTILAGE diseases ,CALCIFICATION ,OSTEOARTHRITIS treatment ,PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of zinc ,X-ray absorption near edge structure ,KNEE surgery - Abstract
Abstract: We aimed to examine the presence of Zn, a trace element, in osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage and meniscus from patients undergoing total knee joint replacement for primary OA. We mapped Ca
2+ and Zn2+ at the mesoscopic scale by X-ray fluorescence microanalysis (μX-ray) to determine the spatial distribution of the 2 elements in cartilage, μX-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy to identify the Zn species, and μX-ray diffraction to determine the chemical nature of the calcification. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical composition of cartilage and meniscus. Ca2+ showed a heterogeneous spatial distribution corresponding to the calcifications within cartilage (or meniscus) or at their surface. At least 2 Zn2+ species were present: the first may correspond to Zn embedded in protein (different Zn metalloproteins are known to prevent calcification in biological tissues), and the second may be associated with a Zn trap in or at the surface of the calcification. Calcification present in OA cartilage may significantly modify the spatial distribution of Zn; part of the Zn may be trapped in the calcification and may alter the associated biological function of Zn metalloproteins. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
111. Urate-induced acute renal failure and chronic inflammation in liver-specific Glut9 knockout mice.
- Author
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Preitner, Frederic, Laverriere-Loss, Alexandra, Metref, Salima, Da Costa, Anabela, Moret, Catherine, Rotman, Samuel, Bazin, Dominique, Daudon, Michel, Sandt, Christophe, Dessombz, Arnaud, and Thorens, Bernard
- Subjects
TREATMENT of acute kidney failure ,INFLAMMATION ,URATES ,BLOOD plasma ,LABORATORY rodents ,HYPERURICEMIA ,MACROPHAGES ,OXIDATIVE stress - Abstract
Plasma urate levels are higher in humans than rodents (240-360 vs. ~30 µM) because humans lack the liver enzyme uricase. High uricemia in humans may protect against oxidative stress, but hyperuricemia also associates with the metabolic syndrome, and urate and uric acid can crystallize to cause gout and renal dysfunctions. Thus, hyperuricemic animal models to study urate-induced pathologies are needed. We recently generated mice with liver-specific ablation of Glut9, a urate transporter providing access of urate to uricase (LG9KO mice). LG9KO mice had moderately high uricemia (~120 µM). To further increase their uricemia, here we gavaged LG9KO mice for 3 days with inosine, a urate precursor; this treatment was applied in both chow- and high-fat-fed mice. In chow-fed LG9KO mice, uricemia peaked at 300 µM 2 h after the first gavage and normalized 24 h after the last gavage. In contrast, in high-fat-fed LG9KO mice, uricemia further rose to 500 µM. Plasma creatinine strongly increased, indicating acute renal failure. Kidneys showed tubule dilation, macrophage infiltration, and urate and uric acid crystals, associated with a more acidic urine. Six weeks after inosine gavage, plasma urate and creatinine had normalized. However, renal inflammation, fibrosis, and organ remodeling had developed despite the disappearance of urate and uric acid crystals. Thus, hyperuricemia and high-fat diet feeding combined to induce acute renal failure. Furthermore, a sterile inflammation caused by the initial crystal-induced lesions developed despite the disappearance of urate and uric acid crystals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
112. Aqueous Co-precipitated Ti0.5 Sn0.5 O2 Nanopowders as Precursors for Dense Spinodally Decomposed Ceramics.
- Author
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Hochepied, Jean-François, Berger, Marie-Hélène, Dynys, Fred, Dessombz, Arnaud, Sayir, Ali, and Du, H.
- Subjects
THERMAL conductivity ,ELECTRON transport ,SINTERING ,POWDER metallurgy ,CERAMICS - Abstract
Spinodal decomposition in the TiO
2 - SnO2 system produces TiO2 rich/ SnO2 rich nano-wide lamellae. The high density of coherent interfaces is expected to reduce thermal conductivity of the ceramic without blocking electron transport. These semiconductors could therefore be candidates for environmental friendly oxide thermo-electrics. However, dense materials are difficult to obtain by conventional sintering from a mixture of TiO2 and SnO2 powders due to evaporation of tin oxide. The article presents a novel route to produce, by aqueous co-precipitation, Ti0.5 Sn0.5 O2 nanopowders as precursors for dense ceramics. The nanostructure developed by spinodal decomposition inside the grains of the as obtained dense Ti0.5 Sn0.5 O2 ceramic is shown to be comparable to that of porous Ti0.5 Sn0.5 O2 ceramic obtained by conventional method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
113. Magnetic Nanorods Confined in a Lamellar Lyotropic Phase.
- Author
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Keevin Béneut, Patrick Davidson, Arnaud Dessombz, Corinne Chanéac, and Doru Constantin
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
114. Evidence for Photoconductivity Anisotropy in Aligned TiO2Nanorod Films
- Author
-
Dessombz, Arnaud, Pasquier, Claude R., Davidson, Patrick, and Chanéac, Corinne
- Abstract
Enhanced photocatalytic properties of oriented films of rutile nanorods have previously been observed when the polarization of UV light is parallel to the rutile caxis. To reach a better understanding of this effect, we report here an investigation, in the dark and under UV-light irradiation, of the electrical resistance of aligned rutile nanorod films. In both cases, the resistance along the nanorod main ([001]) axis is 4 times smaller than that in the perpendicular directions. Moreover, the resistance decreases by an order of magnitude under UV irradiation. Furthermore, experiments were also performed with linearly polarized UV light, and we found that the film resistance is twice smaller when the UV-light polarization is parallel to the nanorods than in the perpendicular direction. These results give information about the mechanisms that control the electrical conductivity of aligned rutile nanorod films.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
115. Modelization of dry friction damping in assembled structures
- Author
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Yang, Yifan, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Louis Jézéquel, and Olivier Dessombz
- Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other ,Nonlinear mode ,Mode nonlinéaire ,Frottement sec ,Méthode numérique ,Amortissement ,Dry friction ,Numerical method ,Vibration ,Damping - Abstract
The determination of a component's lifetime under vibrational excitation is one of the most difficult challenges in mechanical engineering. In order to provide a reliable estimation of lifetime, a correct calculation of stress field, which depends on the modal form and its amplitude, is needed. However, the vibrational response calculation on an assembled structure is not easy, especially with the nonlinear structural damping induced by frictional contact surface. The research in the current thesis starts from the phenomenological identification of damping with the help of 3 analytical models, in particular the sandwich plate, rotational joint and von Karman plate. Structural damping of 1st and 2nd order are identified. The influence of parameters like clamping pressure, thickness ratio and number of welding points are also analyzed. The second part of the research focuses on problems with finite dimensions. The von Karman plate serves as the subject of the study and a hydride method which combines FDM and FEM is proposed to solve the coupling between defection and in-plane force field. A special attention is paid to nonlinear mode theory, the conditions under which the nonlinear mode is necessary are identified. The fictive force field proposed in the study of von Kármán plate is then applied to the sandwich plate model. The slipping's propagation as well as the influence of fictive force field are studied. To verify the existence of the found phenomena in the previous studies, an experimental setup is designed and mounted for the 1st order structural damping. In the last part of the research, which is based on the observations previously obtained from academic models, a calculation method of friction-induced damping in structures with complex geometries is proposed for the application in the industrial environment. This methods enables the estimation of damping for each isolated mode.; Déterminer la durée de vie d'une pièce sous excitation vibratoire est l'un des enjeux majeurs dans l'ingénierie mécanique. Afin de donner une estimation fiable de la durée de vie, un calcul correct de champ de contrainte, qui est fortement lié à la forme et l'amplitude modale est obligatoire. Cependant, le calcul de réponse d'une structure assemblée est difficile, surtout avec la présence de frottement sec aux interfaces de liaisons qui entraîne un amortissement non linéaire. La recherche de la thèse commence par une identification phénoménologique de l'amortissement induit par le frottement sec avec 3 modèles analytiques, notamment la plaque sandwich, la rotule frottante et la plaque von Kármán. Après la caractérisation de l'amortissement structural au 1er et 2ème ordre, les influences des paramètres comme la pression de serrage, le rapport d'épaisseurs ainsi que le nombre de soudures sont analysés. La deuxième partie des travaux traite les problèmes d'amortissement avec une géométrie de dimension finie. La plaque de von Kármán est reprise dans l'étude et une méthode hybride de différences finies et d'éléments finis est adopté pour résoudre le couplage entre la flexion et les efforts internes. Une attention particulière est portée à la notion de modes non linéaires dans le cas de la plaque von Kármán. Les conditions nécessitant l'introduction de modes non linéaires sont identifiées. Le champ de force fictif qui est proposé dans l'étude sur la plaque von Kármán est ensuite introduit dans le cas de la plaque sandwich. Puis la propagation de glissement et l'influence de champ fictif sont étudiées. Afin de vérifier les phénomènes trouvés dans les études théoriques, une installation expérimentale est conçue et montée pour l'amortissement structural au premier ordre. Dans la dernière partie qui est basée sur les observations faites dans les études précédentes, une méthode de calcul de l'amortissement dans un environnement industriel est proposée. Cette méthode permet de donner un amortissement pour chaque mode isolé.
- Published
- 2018
116. Modélisation numérique de l'amortissement induit par les interfaces des structures assemblées
- Author
-
Yang, Yifan, Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes (LTDS), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Louis Jézéquel, and Olivier Dessombz
- Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other ,Nonlinear mode ,Mode nonlinéaire ,Frottement sec ,Méthode numérique ,Amortissement ,Dry friction ,Numerical method ,Vibration ,Damping - Abstract
The determination of a component's lifetime under vibrational excitation is one of the most difficult challenges in mechanical engineering. In order to provide a reliable estimation of lifetime, a correct calculation of stress field, which depends on the modal form and its amplitude, is needed. However, the vibrational response calculation on an assembled structure is not easy, especially with the nonlinear structural damping induced by frictional contact surface. The research in the current thesis starts from the phenomenological identification of damping with the help of 3 analytical models, in particular the sandwich plate, rotational joint and von Karman plate. Structural damping of 1st and 2nd order are identified. The influence of parameters like clamping pressure, thickness ratio and number of welding points are also analyzed. The second part of the research focuses on problems with finite dimensions. The von Karman plate serves as the subject of the study and a hydride method which combines FDM and FEM is proposed to solve the coupling between defection and in-plane force field. A special attention is paid to nonlinear mode theory, the conditions under which the nonlinear mode is necessary are identified. The fictive force field proposed in the study of von Kármán plate is then applied to the sandwich plate model. The slipping's propagation as well as the influence of fictive force field are studied. To verify the existence of the found phenomena in the previous studies, an experimental setup is designed and mounted for the 1st order structural damping. In the last part of the research, which is based on the observations previously obtained from academic models, a calculation method of friction-induced damping in structures with complex geometries is proposed for the application in the industrial environment. This methods enables the estimation of damping for each isolated mode.; Déterminer la durée de vie d'une pièce sous excitation vibratoire est l'un des enjeux majeurs dans l'ingénierie mécanique. Afin de donner une estimation fiable de la durée de vie, un calcul correct de champ de contrainte, qui est fortement lié à la forme et l'amplitude modale est obligatoire. Cependant, le calcul de réponse d'une structure assemblée est difficile, surtout avec la présence de frottement sec aux interfaces de liaisons qui entraîne un amortissement non linéaire. La recherche de la thèse commence par une identification phénoménologique de l'amortissement induit par le frottement sec avec 3 modèles analytiques, notamment la plaque sandwich, la rotule frottante et la plaque von Kármán. Après la caractérisation de l'amortissement structural au 1er et 2ème ordre, les influences des paramètres comme la pression de serrage, le rapport d'épaisseurs ainsi que le nombre de soudures sont analysés. La deuxième partie des travaux traite les problèmes d'amortissement avec une géométrie de dimension finie. La plaque de von Kármán est reprise dans l'étude et une méthode hybride de différences finies et d'éléments finis est adopté pour résoudre le couplage entre la flexion et les efforts internes. Une attention particulière est portée à la notion de modes non linéaires dans le cas de la plaque von Kármán. Les conditions nécessitant l'introduction de modes non linéaires sont identifiées. Le champ de force fictif qui est proposé dans l'étude sur la plaque von Kármán est ensuite introduit dans le cas de la plaque sandwich. Puis la propagation de glissement et l'influence de champ fictif sont étudiées. Afin de vérifier les phénomènes trouvés dans les études théoriques, une installation expérimentale est conçue et montée pour l'amortissement structural au premier ordre. Dans la dernière partie qui est basée sur les observations faites dans les études précédentes, une méthode de calcul de l'amortissement dans un environnement industriel est proposée. Cette méthode permet de donner un amortissement pour chaque mode isolé.
- Published
- 2018
117. Amélioration des processus par l'application de l'AOS
- Author
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Iriondo Soler, Ana Cinta, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Organització d'Empreses, École centrale de Lyon, Airbus, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, Dessombz, Olivier, and Point, Jacky
- Subjects
Economia i organització d'empreses [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Indústria aeronàutica ,Aeronàutica i espai [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,Organització industrial ,Personal -- Administració ,Personnel management ,Aircraft industry ,Industrial organization - Abstract
Effectué à Saint-Nazaire sur le site d’assemblage et d’intégration systèmes d’Airbus Operations SAS, l’objectif de ce stage a été de pouvoir entreprendre une démarche d’amélioration des processus réalisés par le bureau du service essais des systèmes Avions du site de Montoir de Bretagne. Le présent projet consiste alors en l'application de l'AOS, qui repose sur les principes d'Amélioration Continue qui orientent les méthodes de travail chez Airbus ; l’AOS est un système, crée par les employées d’Airbus pour les employées Airbus, laquelle est considéré le moteur de la transformation culturelle d’Airbus vers l’excellence opérationnelle, visant une coopération efficace entre les employés. Le but du stage est donc d’étudier le fonctionnement du service essais et son rôle de support auprès de la production, une étude des outils offerts par l’AOS applicables au service et d’un recensement des processus officiels ainsi que leur place dans la hiérarchie des processus industriels Airbus. De plus, je jouerai également un rôle important dans la mise à jour et la gestion des formations acquises par les employés, les formations qu’ils devraient acquérir en fonction de leur poste de travail, la correspondance entre les emplois et les compétences qui devraient être acquises, etc. En résumé, mettre à jour le schéma de compétences-poste également utile pour les nouveaux embauchés et les employés déjà en place. Outgoing
118. High Prevalence of Opaline Silica in Urinary Stones From Burkina Faso.
- Author
-
Dessombz A, Kirakoya B, Coulibaly G, Ouedraogo RW, Picaut L, Weil R, Bazin D, and Daudon M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Burkina Faso epidemiology, Calcium Oxalate analysis, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Sex Factors, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Young Adult, Kidney Calculi chemistry, Kidney Calculi epidemiology, Silicon Dioxide analysis
- Abstract
Objective: To underline peculiar composition of kidney stones and to propose an epidemiologic study of urinary stones in West African countries, where epidemiologic studies are scarce. Only few data are available regarding stone composition in sub-Saharan countries. Recently, a set of 100 stones consecutively removed by surgery in the Department of Urology of the University Hospital of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso were collected for physical analysis, which provided the opportunity to obtain an epidemiologic profile of stone composition in this country., Materials and Methods: A total of 100 stones from 64 men, 22 women, 10 boys, and four girls were analyzed by morphologic examination, infrared spectroscopy, and electron microscopy in our laboratory. The results were considered by sex and separately for adults and children., Results: Sixty-five percent of the 100 stones contained calcium oxalate as the main component. Interestingly, the second main component was opaline silica (18%). Furthermore, opaline silica was identified in any proportion in 48% of the stones. The prevalence was sex and age dependent. Opaline silica was detected as the main component in 42% of the nuclei, which underlines its role as one of the main components involved in the initiation of calculi in this country., Conclusion: For the first time, a dramatically high occurrence of a "scarce" urinary stone component, namely opaline silica, was reported in a series of consecutive calculi from a single country. We propose that a regular consumption of clay could be the origin of this phenomenon in these populations., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
119. [Enamel: a unique self-assembling in mineral world].
- Author
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Lignon G, de la Dure-Molla M, Dessombz A, Berdal A, and Babajko S
- Subjects
- Ameloblasts cytology, Ameloblasts metabolism, Amelogenesis physiology, Animals, Dental Enamel chemistry, Dental Enamel drug effects, Dental Enamel ultrastructure, Dental Enamel Hypoplasia genetics, Dental Enamel Hypoplasia physiopathology, Dental Enamel Proteins physiology, Durapatite chemistry, Enamel Organ physiology, Fluorosis, Dental etiology, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Nanospheres, Peptide Hydrolases physiology, Teratogens pharmacology, Tooth Calcification physiology, Dental Enamel physiology
- Abstract
Enamel is a unique tissue in vertebrates, acellular, formed on a labile scaffolding matrix and hypermineralized. The ameloblasts are epithelial cells in charge of amelogenesis. They secrete a number of matrix proteins degraded by enzymes during enamel mineralization. This ordered cellular and extracellular events imply that any genetic or environmental perturbation will produce indelible and recognizable defects. The specificity of defects will indicate the affected cellular process. Thus, depending on the specificity of alterations, the teratogenic event can be retrospectively established. Advances in the field allow to use enamel defects as diagnostic tools for molecular disorders. The multifunctionality of enamel peptides is presently identified from their chemical roles in mineralization to cell signaling, constituting a source of concrete innovations in regenerative medicine., (© 2015 médecine/sciences – Inserm.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
120. Prostatic stones: evidence of a specific chemistry related to infection and presence of bacterial imprints.
- Author
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Dessombz A, Méria P, Bazin D, and Daudon M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Bacterial Infections microbiology, Calculi chemistry, Calculi microbiology, Calculi ultrastructure, Prostatic Diseases etiology, Prostatic Diseases pathology
- Abstract
Prostatic stones are a common condition in older men in industrialized countries. However, aging appears not to be the unique pathogenesis of these calcifications. Our morpho-constitutional investigation of 23 stone samples suggested that infection has a significant role in the lithogenic process of prostate calcifications, even without detection of infection by clinical investigation. Most stones (83%) showed bacterial imprints and/or chemical composition, suggestive of a long-term infection process. Chronic infection may induce persistent inflammation of the tissue and secondarily, a cancerization process within a few years. Thus, the discovery of prostate calcifications by computerized tomodensitometry, for example, might warrant further investigation and management to search for chronic infection of the prostate gland.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
121. [Revisiting the chemical diversity in prostatic calculi: a SEM and FT-IR investigation].
- Author
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Dessombz A, Méria P, Bazin D, Foy E, Rouzière S, Weil R, and Daudon M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Calculi ultrastructure, Humans, Incidental Findings, Male, Middle Aged, Prostatectomy, Prostatic Diseases complications, Prostatic Diseases surgery, Calcium Phosphates analysis, Calculi chemistry, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning methods, Prostatic Diseases pathology, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared methods
- Abstract
Objective: Revisiting the chemical diversity of the crystalline phases of prostatic calculi by means of SEM and FT-IR analysis., Methods: A set of 32 prostatic calculi has been studied by FT-IR and SEM., Results: FT-IR analysis has determined the chemical composition of each prostatic calculus and the SEM observation has described the morphology of the calculi surfaces and layers. Infrared analysis revealed that 90.7% of the stones were mainly composed of calcium phosphates. However, several mineral phases previously not reported in prostatic calculi were observed, as brushite or octocalcium phosphate pentahydrate., Conclusion: Prostatic calculi exhibited a diversity of crystalline composition and morphology. As previously reported for urinary calculi, relationships between composition and morphology of prostatic stones and étiopathogenic conditions could be of interest in clinical practice., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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