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Your search keyword '"Chopra, Arun"' showing total 475 results
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475 results on '"Chopra, Arun"'

114. Pharmacokinetics of the Meropenem Component of Meropenem‐Vaborbactam in the Treatment of KPC‐Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection in a Pediatric Patient.

Author

Hanretty, Alexandra M., Kaur, Ishminder, Evangelista, Alan T., Moore, Wayne S., Enache, Adela, Chopra, Arun, and Cies, Jeffrey J.

Subjects
PHARMACOKINETICS, MEROPENEM, KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae, CHILD patients, ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
Abstract

Meropenem‐vaborbactam is a new β‐lactam/β‐lactamase inhibitor combination designed to target Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)‐producing Enterobacteriaceae. Meropenem‐vaborbactam was United States Food and Drug Administration–approved for complicated urinary tract infections in patients 18 years of age or older. An understanding of the pharmacokinetics of meropenem when given in combination with vaborbactam is important to understanding the dosing of meropenem‐vaborbactam. In addition, the safety and efficacy of meropenem‐vaborbactam in a pediatric patient have yet to be described in the literature. The authors conducted a retrospective single‐patient chart review for a 4‐year‐old male patient with short bowel syndrome, colostomy and gastrojejunal tube, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and a central line for chronic total parenteral nutrition and hydration management, complicated with multiple central line–associated bloodstream infections (BSIs). The patient was brought to our medical center with fever concerning for a BSI. On day 2, the patient was started on meropenem‐vaborbactam at a dosage of 40 mg/kg every 6 hours infused over 3 hours for KPC‐producing K. pneumoniae BSI. Meropenem serum concentrations obtained on day 5 of meropenem‐vaborbactam therapy, immediately following the completion of the infusion and 1 hour after the infusion, were 51.3 and 13.6 μg/ml, respectively. Serum concentrations correlated to a volume of distribution of 0.59 L/kg and a clearance of 13.1 ml/min/kg. Repeat blood cultures remained negative, and meropenem‐vaborbactam was continued for a total of 14 days. A meropenem‐vaborbactam regimen of 40 mg/kg every 6 hours given over 3 hours was successful in providing a target attainment of 100% for meropenem serum concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration for at least 40% of the dosing interval and was associated with successful bacteremia clearance in a pediatric patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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115. Impact of ex-vivo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuitry on daptomycin.

Author

Moore, Wayne S., Cies, Jeffrey J., Chopra, Arun, Giliam, Nadji, Low, Tracy, and Enache, Adela

Subjects
BLOOD plasma substitutes, DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology, EXTRACORPOREAL membrane oxygenation, MEMBRANE oxygenators, PEPTIDE antibiotics, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PHARMACODYNAMICS, EQUIPMENT & supplies
Abstract

Background: The objective was to determine the alterations of daptomycin (DAP) in a contemporary neonatal/pediatric (1/4-inch) and adolescent/adult (3/8-inch) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) circuit including the Quadrox-i® oxygenator. Methods: Quarter-inch and 3/8-inch, simulated, closed-loop, ECMO circuits were prepared with a Quadrox-i pediatric and Quadrox-i adult oxygenator and blood primed. A one-time dose of DAP was administered into the circuit and serial pre- and post-oxygenator concentrations were obtained at 0-5 minutes and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 24-hour time points. DAP was also maintained in a glass vial and samples were taken from the vial at the same time periods for control purposes to assess for spontaneous drug degradation Results: For both the 1/4-inch and 3/8-inch circuits, there was no significant DAP loss at 24 hours. Additionally, the reference DAP concentrations remained relatively constant during the entire 24-hour study period. Conclusion: This ex-vivo investigation demonstrated no significant DAP loss within an ECMO circuit with both sizes of the Quadrox-i oxygenator at 24 hours. Therapeutic concentrations of DAP in the setting of ECMO may be anticipated with current recommended doses, depending on the amount of extracorporeal volume needed for circuit maintenance in comparison to the patient’s apparent volume of distribution. Additional studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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116. Planning for incapacity by people with bipolar disorder under the Mental Capacity Act 2005

Author

Bartlett, Peter, Mudigonda, Mohan, Chopra, Arun, Morriss, Richard, Jones, Steven Huntley, Bartlett, Peter, Mudigonda, Mohan, Chopra, Arun, Morriss, Richard, and Jones, Steven Huntley

Abstract

The Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides a variety of legal mechanisms for people to plan for periods of incapacity for decisions relating to personal care, medical treatment, and financial matters. Little research has however been done to determine the degree to which these are actually implemented, and the approach to such advance planning by service users and professionals. This paper looks at the use of advance planning by people with bipolar disorder, using qualitative and quantitative surveys both of people with bipolar disorder and psychiatrists. The study finds that the mechanisms are under-used in this group, despite official policy in support of them, largely because of a lack of knowledge about them among service users, and there is considerable confusion among service users and professionals alike as to how the mechanisms operate. Recording is at best inconsistent, raising questions as to whether the mechanisms will be followed.

Published
2016

122. 583

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Moore, Wayne, additional, Nichols, Kristen, additional, Knoderer, Chad, additional, Carella, Dominick, additional, Parker, Jason, additional, Shea, Paul, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2015
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123. 1230

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Moore, Wayne, additional, Parker, Jason, additional, Shea, Paul, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2015
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124. 120

Author

Chadha, Tanya, primary, Cies, Jeffrey, additional, Moore, Wayne, additional, Beaulieu, Thomas, additional, Fisher, Jason, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2015
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125. Association of procalcitonin values and bacterial infections in pediatric patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Author

Tan, Vi Ean, Moore, Wayne S., Chopra, Arun, and Cies, Jeffrey J.

Subjects
BACTERIAL diseases, CALCITONIN, CHEST X rays, EXTRACORPOREAL membrane oxygenation, MICROBIAL sensitivity tests, PROBABILITY theory, REGRESSION analysis, PREDICTIVE tests, RETROSPECTIVE studies, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, DATA analysis software, ELECTRONIC health records, MEDICAL coding, CHILDREN
Abstract

Objective: There is increasing data in pediatrics demonstrating procalcitonin (PCT) is more sensitive and specific than other biomarkers in the setting of bacterial infections. However, the use of PCT in neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is not well described. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the clinical utility of PCT in determining the absence or presence of bacterial infections in neonatal and pediatric patients on ECMO. Methods: This was a retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) review of data between January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2016 at a single, free-standing, children's hospital. All patients on ECMO with ≥1 PCT level obtained while receiving ECMO support were eligible for inclusion. The EMR was searched for chest radiographs (CXR) and bacterial culture results (urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and respiratory cultures). All bacterial and viral cultures obtained within 5 days of PCT levels being obtained were analyzed. PCT levels of 0.5, 0.9, 1.0, 1.4 and 2.0 were used as the initial cut-off values for the analysis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV) and likelihood ratios were calculated for each of the PCT levels. Results: Twenty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria and contributed 193 PCT values for the analysis. The median age was 8 months (range 0 days to 18 years). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that a PCT cut-off of 0.5, 0.9 and 1.4 predicted the presence of a bacterial infection. The PCT value with the most utility was 0.5, with a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 43%, a positive predictive value of 60% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 86%. Conclusion: This is the largest data set evaluating PCT in neonatal and pediatric patients on ECMO. A PCT value of 0.5 ng/mL had the most utility for determining the absence or presence of a bacterial infection in the setting of ECMO with a high sensitivity and NPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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128. Dengue NS3, an RNAi suppressor, modulates the human miRNA pathways through its interacting partner

Author

Kakumani, Pavan Kumar, primary, Rajgokul, K.S., additional, Ponia, Sanket Singh, additional, Kaur, Inderjeet, additional, Mahanty, Srikrishna, additional, Medigeshi, Guruprasad R., additional, Banerjea, Akhil C., additional, Chopra, Arun Prasad, additional, Malhotra, Pawan, additional, Mukherjee, Sunil K., additional, and Bhatnagar, Raj K., additional

Published
2015
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135. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Continuous-Infusion Acylovir for Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in a Neonate Receiving Concurrent Extracorporeal Life Support and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Author

Cies, Jeffrey J., primary, Moore, Wayne S., additional, Miller, Kyle, additional, Small, Christine, additional, Carella, Dominick, additional, Conley, Susan, additional, Parker, Jason, additional, Shea, Paul, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2014
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136. 635

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Moore, Wayne, additional, Burrows, Kimm, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2014
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137. 1155

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Moore, Wayne, additional, Dickerman, Mindy, additional, Small, Christine, additional, Carella, Dominick, additional, Shea, Paul, additional, Parker, Jason, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2014
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141. The Temporal Version of the Pediatric Sepsis Biomarker Risk Model

Author

Wong, Hector R., primary, Weiss, Scott L., additional, Giuliano, John S., additional, Wainwright, Mark S., additional, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., additional, Thomas, Neal J., additional, Allen, Geoffrey L., additional, Anas, Nick, additional, Bigham, Michael T., additional, Hall, Mark, additional, Freishtat, Robert J., additional, Sen, Anita, additional, Meyer, Keith, additional, Checchia, Paul A., additional, Shanley, Thomas P., additional, Nowak, Jeffrey, additional, Quasney, Michael, additional, Chopra, Arun, additional, Fitzgerald, Julie C., additional, Gedeit, Rainer, additional, Banschbach, Sharon, additional, Beckman, Eileen, additional, Harmon, Kelli, additional, Lahni, Patrick, additional, and Lindsell, Christopher J., additional

Published
2014
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142. Post-ICU Admission Fluid Balance and Pediatric Septic Shock Outcomes

Author

Abulebda, Kamal, primary, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., additional, Thomas, Neal J., additional, Allen, Geoffrey L., additional, Anas, Nick, additional, Bigham, Michael T., additional, Hall, Mark, additional, Freishtat, Robert J., additional, Sen, Anita, additional, Meyer, Keith, additional, Checchia, Paul A., additional, Shanley, Thomas P., additional, Nowak, Jeffrey, additional, Quasney, Michael, additional, Weiss, Scott L., additional, Chopra, Arun, additional, Banschbach, Sharon, additional, Beckman, Eileen, additional, Lindsell, Christopher J., additional, and Wong, Hector R., additional

Published
2014
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143. Testing the Prognostic Accuracy of the Updated Pediatric Sepsis Biomarker Risk Model

Author

Wong, Hector R., primary, Weiss, Scott L., additional, Giuliano, John S., additional, Wainwright, Mark S., additional, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., additional, Thomas, Neal J., additional, Allen, Geoffrey L., additional, Anas, Nick, additional, Bigham, Michael T., additional, Hall, Mark, additional, Freishtat, Robert J., additional, Sen, Anita, additional, Meyer, Keith, additional, Checchia, Paul A., additional, Shanley, Thomas P., additional, Nowak, Jeffrey, additional, Quasney, Michael, additional, Chopra, Arun, additional, Fitzgerald, Julie C., additional, Gedeit, Rainer, additional, Banschbach, Sharon, additional, Beckman, Eileen, additional, Lahni, Patrick, additional, Hart, Kimberly, additional, and Lindsell, Christopher J., additional

Published
2014
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145. 939

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Moore, Wayne, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2013
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146. 1130

Author

Chopra, Arun, primary, Miller, Kyle, additional, Shea, Paul, additional, Conley, Susan, additional, and Cies, Jeffrey, additional

Published
2013
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147. Venous ulcer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of recurrences

Author

Gillespie, David L., Kistner, Bob, Glass, Carolyn, Bailey, Brad, Chopra, Arun, Ennis, Bill, Marston, Bill, Masuda, Elna, Moneta, Greg, Nelzen, Olle, Raffetto, Joe, Raju, Seshadri, Vedantham, Suresh, Wright, David, Falanga, Vincent, Gillespie, David L., Kistner, Bob, Glass, Carolyn, Bailey, Brad, Chopra, Arun, Ennis, Bill, Marston, Bill, Masuda, Elna, Moneta, Greg, Nelzen, Olle, Raffetto, Joe, Raju, Seshadri, Vedantham, Suresh, Wright, David, and Falanga, Vincent

Published
2010
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149. 981

Author

Cies, Jeffrey, primary, Santos, Laura, additional, and Chopra, Arun, additional

Published
2012
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150. Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MtrA response regulator by anticancer drugs via computational methods.

Author

Satsangi, Akash Tripathi, Yadav, Pardeep, Chopra, Arun Prasad, and Jha, Saurabh Kumar

Subjects
*MYCOBACTERIUM tuberculosis, *ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, *MOLECULAR docking, *DRUG resistance, *MYCOBACTERIA, *DRUG target
Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) causes TB disease and millions of deaths are reported every year. Drug resistance TB and its complex treatment is a big problem worldwide. The present study aimed to design new and safer antitubercular compounds to tackle this serious threat. The unique drug target is the MtrAB Two-component regulatory system (2CRS) of mycobacteria. MtrAB system consists of MtrB sensor kinase (SK) and MtrA response regulator (RR). This system is essential in MTB and is involved in mycobacteria's proliferation. This important physiological process is operated by the phosphorylation of MtrB and then to MtrA. The phosphorylation mechanism triggers modulation in the expression of MtrA targets genes and helps perform appropriate function. This phenomenon depends on the active and inactive confirmation of MtrA, which involves a ligand (Metal ion complex e.g. Mg2+). In this study, anti-cancerous compounds were selected for the inhibition of MtrA. However, molecular docking exhibited binding affinity ranging from -10.8 to -4.7 kcal/mol, targeting the binding pocket of the selected Tuberculosis-MtrA protein (PDB ID: 5L8X). This energy difference between the native ligand and docked compounds showed that the six molecules: (Risperidone, 2-(benzofuran-2-yl)-6,7-dimethyl-4H-chromen-4-one, (2E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(quinolin-4-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, Estradiol Cypionate, (2Z)-6-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene)-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one, (2E)-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4 -benzodioxin-6-yl)-1-(3-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) mentioned are more potent than the native ligand. These six molecules were first time reported as the inhibitor for MtrA of MtrAB Two-component regulatory system and can be utelize for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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